北京市昌平区2024-2025学年高三上学期期末英语试卷【含答案】

第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber页，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages页第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber页，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages页北京市昌平区2024-2025学年高三上学期期末英语试卷一、完形填空（本大题共1小题）Theschoolbellrang,signalingthestartofanotherday.Avoiceannouncedthroughthespeakers,catchingeveryone’sattention.“Wewouldliketo1youthattherewillbeatryoutfortheschool’s2teamtodayat3:00PM.”Myfriends,whoweresittingaroundthetable,turnedtomewith3expressions.“Areyougoingtojoin,Sarah?”theyasked,theireyesfilledwitheagerness.Ishrugged,nothavinggivenitmuchthoughtbeforehand.“Whynot?”Ireplied,mostlytomyself.Myexperienceinpublicspeakingwaslimited.4,theideaofchallengingmyselfappealedtome.Astheclockstruck3:00PM,Ifoundmyselfstandingoutsidethedebateroom,myheartpoundinginmychest.Thesightofmyclassmates,alleagerandconfident,mademe5mydecision.WhatifIstumbled(结巴)overmywords?WhatifIappearedinexperienced?Steelingmynerves,Isteppedintotheroom,wherethedebatecoacheswerewaiting.Theyaskedmetodeliveranunpreparedspeechonagiventopic.Itookadeepbreath,gatheredmy6,andbegantospeak.Tomysurprise,thecoachesnoddedinapprovalandIwas7registeredintheteam.Overthenextfewmonths,Idedicatedmyselfto8theartofdebate,andthesupportofmyteammateskeptmemotivated.Asthedayofthedebatecompetitionapproached,Ifeltamixofexcitementandbutterfliesinmystomach.Whentheaudience’sapplausefilledtheauditoriumaftermyperformance,Ifeltexcited.Their9ensuredmyhardworkandbuiltupmyconfidence.Irealizedthatsteppingoutofmycomfortzonehadnotonlyallowedmetodiscoverahidden10buthadalsobroughtasenseofachievementandjoy.1．A．inform B．warn C．order D．promise2．A．speech B．sports C．debate D．chorus3．A．worried B．expectant C．confused D．confident4．A．Otherwise B．Therefore C．Meanwhile D．However5．A．confirm B．question C．abandon D．delay6．A．thoughts B．presents C．experiences D．puzzles7．A．unfortunately B．unnecessarily C．undoubtedly D．unfairly8．A．teaching B．appreciating C．spreading D．mastering9．A．recognition B．suggestion C．contribution D．ambition10．A．story B．secret C．talent D．desire二、语法填空（本大题共3小题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Yesterday,a49-year-oldwomanlostcontrolofhervehicleandslippedintoariverwithstrongandmovingwater.Thewoman’scarbegansinkingintotheriver,11(leave)hertrappedinsideaswaterquicklyfilledthevehicle.Apasserby,12hadbeenworkingnearby,noticedthesinkingcar.Withouthesitation,themanrushedintotherivertohelp.Hepulledthewoman13thesinkingvehicleandsafelyguidedhertotheshore.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Xi’anishometomanyimportanthistoricalsites.TheXi’anCityWall,14(build)intheMingDynasty,isoneofthebestpreservedwallsinChina.Itonceprovidedprotectionagainstenemiesanditsthicknessis15(great)thanitsheight.AgoodplacetoexploretherichhistoryofXi’anissurelytheShaanxiHistoryMuseumwhichcontainsabout1.7millionhistorical16(item).阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Overcenturies,wehavebeenseekingwaystocurediseases.OneofthefirsttoseekforascientificfoundationformedicinewasHippocrates,whoissaidtohaveusedtreebarkandleaves17(relieve)feversandpain.Formanycenturies,medicineadvancedrather18(slow),untiltheinventionofthemicroscope,which19(lead)tothediscoveryofbloodcells,ofbacteria,andofthegermtheoryofdisease.Sincethen,theadvanceofmedicine20(speed)up.三、阅读理解（本大题共6小题）Foundedin2014,Remergehasestablisheditselfasaleadingapptargetingplayersglobally,withofficesspanningBerlin,NewYork,Singaporeandsoon.Ourinternationalteamofexpertshascontributedtothegrowthofhundredsofapps,includinggaming,e-commerce,andfinance.JobResponsibilities•Assistincreativeuploadandmaintaincreativeassets(资产)onRemergeplatforms.•Trackandmonitortheperformanceofcreatives,ensuringtofollowthebrandguidelinesandplatformrequirements.•Provideinsightsintocreativeperformance.•Supporttheteamincollectingandanalyzingdatatoidentifytrendsandkeyperformanceindicators(KPIs).•TakeadvantageofExcelfordataanalysis.JobRequirements•AuniversitydegreeprograminMarketing,DataScienceorarelatedfield.•Proficiency(熟练)inbasicEnglish,asitisourprimaryworkinglanguage.•Basicunderstandingofdigitaladvertisingplatformsisanadvantage.•ProficiencyinExcelfordataanalysisandreporting.•Strongattentiontothedetailsandtimemanagementskills.OurPromise•Directimpact:getyoupromotedinthecareerinafast-pacedenvironment.•Generouspaymentincludingadedicatededucationbudget.•Flexibleworkfromhomeorintheoffice.•Thechancestoparticipateintheannualcompanyactivities.RemergeisanEqualOpportunityEmployer.Ifyouareinterestedinthis,haveatryandwe’relookingforwardtoyourapplication!21．InRemerge,onewill_______.A．useExceltocollectdata. B．helpwithcreativeupload.C．provideinsightsintoKPIs. D．monitortheplatforms'operation.22．Theapplicantsarerequiredto_______.A．dowellintimemanagement. B．haverelatedworkexperience.C．begoodatprofessionalEnglish. D．designdigitaladvertisingplatforms.23．Whatwillthequalifiedapplicantsget?A．Flexibleworkplaces. B．Freedomtoquitthejob.C．Chancestobecreatives. D．Paymentformedicalcare.JuleusGhuntaisapublishedchildren’sauthorandaward-winningpoet.Butgrowingup,hecouldbarelyread.RaisedinaruralpartofWesternJamaica,Ghuntaandhisbrothershadlimitedresourcestolearnandplay.“Lifewasverydifficultforus,”herecalled.WhenGhuntafinallywenttoschool,hecouldn’tcatchuponhisreadingskills.Sincenotonlyhadhebeenkepthomefromschoolasachild,hehadnotbeenexposedtobooks.BythetimeheenteredGradeSix,hecouldonlyspellhisownname,butcouldn’tmakeoutwordsorreadwithunderstanding.Thesituationwasmadeworsebyaseriesofimpatientteacherswhomadehimfeelworthlessandupset.Hestruggledinschoolwithadeepsenseofloss.WhenGhuntawasabout12,ayoungteacher-in-training,whosenamehedoesnotrecall,startedareadingprogramforstrugglingstudents.Ghuntawasthefirsttosignup.“Theteacherwasincrediblykindtome,”hesaid.“Shewaspatientandcreative,butdidnotaskanythingofmeexceptthatIworkhardandbelieveinmyself.”Underherguidance,Ghunta’sreadingskillsstartedtoimproveandhissenseofinsufficiencybegantolift.Hegraduatedfromelementaryschoolwithanumberofacademicawards.Hewentontocollege,andlater,graduateschool.Today,heistheauthoroftwochildren’sbooks,includingRohanBullkinandtheShadows:AStoryaboutACEsandHope,aboutovercomingdifficultexperiencesinchildhood.He’snowworkingonhisfirstfull-lengthcollectionofpoetry.In2010,Ghuntawentbacktohiselementaryschool,inquiringtheprincipalandteachersiftheyoungteacherwasstillthere,butfailed.Hehopedtomeetherandthankherforseeinghispotential.“Iwouldlovehertoseethesignificantimpactshehasmadeonmylife,andthewaysinwhichIhavecarriedthismemoryofher—thehope,thelight,withme—andhowitcontinuestobeasourceofjoy.”24．HowdidGhuntafeelinGradeSix?A．Astonished. B．Delighted. C．Relaxed. D．Depressed.25．TheyoungteacherinfluencedGhuntamainlyby_______.A．encouraginghisindependence B．buildinguphisconfidenceC．inspiringhisimagination D．developinghiscreativity26．Ghuntawentbacktohiselementaryschoolin2010to________.A．findinspirationsforhisbooks B．recallhispleasanttimethereC．thankhisteacherfacetoface D．showoffhisachievements27．Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A．Wherethereisawill,thereisaway. B．Everythingcomestothosewhowait.C．Encouragementcantransformalife. D．Diligenceisthemotherofsuccess.CharlesDarwinfoundinspirationforhistheoryofevolutioninbirds’beaks,turtles’shellsandlanguage.“Thesurvivalorpreservationofcertainfavoredwordsinthestruggleforexistenceisnaturalselection,”hewroteinTheDescentofMan.Languagegraduallyshiftsovertime.Muchresearchexamineshowsocialandenvironmentalfactorsinfluencelanguagechangebutverylittleexplorestheforcesofhumancognitive(认知的)selectionthatfixcertainwordsintothedictionary.Foranextensivenewstudy,publishedinajournal,scientistsinvestigatedjustthat.Inanexperimentmuchlikeagameoftelephone,thousandsofparticipantsreadEnglish-languagestoriesandrewrotethemtobereadbyotherparticipantswhothenrewrotethemforothers.Onlycertainwordsfromthefirststoriessurvivedinthefinalversions.Researchersanalyzedthewordtypesspeakersconsistentlyfavored,theorizingthatsuchpreferencesdrivelanguagechangeovertime.ThescientistsalsoseparatelyanalyzedtwolargecollectionsofEnglishhistoricaltextsfromthepasttwocenturies,containingmorethan40billionwords—againseeingonlycertaintypessurvive.Theresultsshowedthreefeaturesthatgivewordsan“evolutionary(进化的)advantage”byhelpingthemstickinthebrain.First,wordstypicallyacquiredatanearlyage,suchas“hand,”“uncle”or“today”,arestabler.Next,concretewordsexistbetterthanabstractones:“dog”stayslongerthan“animal”,whichpersistslongerthan“organism”.Lastly,emotionallyexcitingwords—whethernegativeorpositive—tendtobepermanent.Earlylanguage-evolutionmodelsassumedthatlanguagebecomesincreasinglycomplexovertime.ButacognitivescientistFritzBreithauptsaysthenewstudysupportsamorerecenttheorythatlanguageultimatelygetsmoreefficientandeasiertounderstand.Still,asthestudynotes,“theEnglishlanguageisnotbabytalk.”Breithauptexplains,“Yes,weshifttowardsimplelanguage,butthenwealsograbcomplexlanguagethatweneed.”Newwordsthataddressthecomplexityofmodernlifemaysomewhatbalanceoutthisshift.Theproposedtrendtoward“simpler”languageisdebatable.AlinguistJohnMcWhorterquestionsimplicationsregardingtheoverallefficiencyofEnglish—alanguagehesayscontainsthingslike“unnecessarilycomplex”grammaticaltraces.StudyleadauthorYingLinotesthatEnglishhadevenmorecomplicatedgrammarinthepast.“JohnMcWhorterwouldcomplainmoreifhetraveledback800yearsago,”Lisupposes.28．WhatisParagraph3mainlydiscussedabouttheresearch?A．Conclusionandsignificance. B．Backgroundandpurpose.C．Methodandlimitations. D．Processandfindings.29．AccordingtoBreithaupt,theEnglishlanguagetendstobe______.A．moreconcretewithdifficulty B．morepracticalwithefficiencyC．morecomplicatedwithabstraction D．moreunderstandablewithvividness30．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．Whopromotesthestudyoflanguageevolution? B．Howdoeslanguagegraduallyshiftovertime?C．Whatmakesawordsurviveorgoextinct? D．Whyarecertainwordsfavoredbypeople?Creativityisaproductofthehumanmind.Butwhyaresomepeoplemorecreativethanothers?Havingauniquebrainhasbeenproposedasonepossibility.TakeWolfgangAmadeusMozart'smusicalcreativity.IthasbeensuggestedthathehadTourette'ssyndrome,abrainconditionlinkedtoarangeofsymptoms,whichcouldhaveplayedarole.Otherproposalslinkcreativitytointelligenceoreventotheuseofcertaindrugs.IntheCreativeBrain:Mythsandtruths,scientistAnnaAbrahamexaminestheseideasandfourmore,describingthemasmyths(谬见)andeachisdiscussedinachapter.Butratherthanfullydebunkthem,Abraham'spreconditionisthattheyallcontainatruth.Sheresearchesintohowthesebeliefsdevelopedandspread—andwhytheyaresohardtodesert.Herfocusisonhowmisinformationisoftenrelatedtoconflictingresultsinthescientificevidencethatissupposedtobackthemup.Takethecommonideathatthebrain'srighthemisphere(脑半球)isassociatedwithcreativity.Bothbehavioralandbrain-basedstudieshaveexploredthis,butfindingsarehardtocomparebecausethewaysofmeasuringdifferentaspects,suchasthelevelofcreativity,varygreatly.Thismeanswecanfindevidencesupportingboththerightandlefthemispheresbeingdominantincreativeactivities,aswellasthejointinvolvementofthetwo.Suchproblems,saysAbraham,originateinthefactthatcreativitytypicallyinvolvesmanyelementsbutthefocusisoftendrawntojustone,theimaginationneededtomakesomethingnew.Otheraspects—suchasthedrivetocreate,thehardworkinvolvedandtheabilitytoproducesomethingthatsympathizeswithanaudience—arealsocrucial.Manyexplanations,shesays,treatcreativitytoosimplistically:forexample,takingcertaindrugscanmakesomeonemoreopen,andthusbetterabletothinkcreatively,butmaynotaffecttheirmotivation.Abrahamprovidesagoodsummarizationoftherelationshipbetweencreativityandthebrain,coveringalotofgroundwhiledoingso.Sheencouragesreaderstothinkmoredeeplyaboutbrain-basedcreativitytheories,eveniftheyseembackedupbyevidence.Howcreativityoriginatesinthebrainiscomplexandprobablycan'tbeexplainedbyasimplenarrative.Perhapsweneedanewapproach.31．Whatdoestheword“debunk”underlinedinParagraph3probablymean?A．Deny. B．Expose. C．Approve. D．Clarify.32．Whatcanwelearnaboutcreativityfromthepassage?A．Ithelpstosympathizewithanaudience. B．Itisdominatedbythebrain'srighthemisphere.C．Itisacomplexprocessinvolvingmanyfactors. D．Itcanbeenhancedbyhardworkandmotivation.33．Asforbrain-basedcreativitytheories,Abrahamis__________.A．appreciative B．disapproving C．unconcerned D．objective34．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Toexplorethemythsandtruthsaboutcreativityandthebrain.B．Toprovethatcreativityisgreatlylinkedwithauniquebrain.C．Toarguethatcreativityismainlydeterminedbyintelligence.D．Toencouragetheuseofdrugstopartlyenhancecreativity.You’restandinginlineatthegrocerystoreorwaitingforanelevator.Youhavenomorethanaminutetokill.Andyet,beforeyou’veevenrealizedwhatyou’redoing,you’vepulledoutyourphoneandhavebeguntomindlesslyscroll(滚屏)throughapps.35Researchsuggestsplentyofpeopledothesamething.Only11%ofpeople'ssmartphonecheckswereinresponsetoanotification.Fortherestofthetime,theycheckedtheirphonestotallyunplanned,oftenwithoutthinkingthroughwhytheyweredoingit.We'resousedtoconstantstimulationthatwefeeluncomfortablewhenwe’renotdoinganything,evenforjustafewseconds.Ourbrainsarehardwiredtoseekoutrewardslikeknowledge,entertainment,andsocialconnection.Allofthosethingsweremuchhardertofindbeforewehadtinycomputersatourfingertips.Nowwedo.Ourphonesarebasicallyall-you-can-eatbuffetsforourbrains,endlesslyandeasilyservingupthethingstheywant.36Aquickphonecheckprobablyisn'tdoingyourbrainanyrealharm.37Overtime,constantscrollingcouldhaveanegativeeffectonyourjobperformance,relationships,sleep,andpossiblyevenphysicalsafety,ifyou’redoingthingslikecheckingyourphonewhileyouwalkordrive.38Whenyougiveintoyoururgesandcheckyourphone,thenfeelguiltyaboutit,thefeelingoffailureaddsshametoinjury.Ifyouwanttobreakthehabitofconstantchecking,you’llhavetoworkatit.Buildingawarenessisagoodway.39Forexample,nexttimeyoucatchyourselfscrollingthroughshortvideoswithoutevenabsorbingthecontent,thinkaboutwhetheryoureallywanttobeonyourphone,oryouarejustputtingoffaless-funtask.A．Checkingyourphoneisoftenautomatic.B．There'salsoamental-healthelementtoconsider.C．Ofcourseourmindscan'thelpbutfeedthemselves.D．Startgoingwithoutyourphoneforsetperiodsoftime.E．Theurgetocheckyourphoneisoftenrelatedtostressrelief.F．Takeamomenttoaskyourselfwhatisdrivingyourbehavior.G．Butit'salsoworthconsideringhowallthoselittlechecksaddup.阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。There’salotoffeararoundspendingtimealone.Recentarticlesandstudieswarnusaboutthedangersofloneliness,asitmayincreaserisksofanxietyanddepression.Yet,notalllonelinessisahealthissue.There’schronic(长期的)loneliness—andthere’ssolitude.Thisisahelpfuldistinction.Chroniclonelinessoccurswhenthereisunhappinessaboutalackofclosenessoraperceivedsenseofsocialisolation.Whilesolitudeisastateofbeingfreeofthedemandsofothers.Wedosomanyactivitiesalonethatdon’tcomewithshameordangersofchronicloneliness—readingabook,doinganartproject,orcookingameal.Thiskindofalonetimeiscomfortingandimportant.Yetpeopledon’tknowhowtomakeuseofsolitude.Asaresult,somewouldratherstayinbadrelationshipsorsurroundthemselveswithfriendseventhoughtheirenergyisrunout.Iamabelieverinfindingyourbestsolitudestyle.Onewayistospendsomequalitytimewithyourself.Forinstance,youcanwatchamoviealoneorgoforarunning.Engaginginactivitiesthatmakeyoufeelconnectedwithothers—likewritingletterstoaclosefriend—canalsobeabeautifulwaytoenjoysolitude.Solitudeislikeanyothersocialinteraction.Whenyouestablishdeliciousmomentsforjustyou,yougettobetheuniquearchitectofyourexperience.Therecanbeacertainairofromancetothetimeyougiveyourself.40．Whyislonelinessdangerous?41．Whatissolitude?42．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Somepeoplechoosetostayinbadrelationshipsorhangoutwithfriendseventhoughtheyfeelexhaustedbecausetheyrunoutofenergy.43．Whichsolitudestylementionedinthepassagedoyouprefer,andwhy?(Inabout40words)四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）44．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim所在的学校在举办“世界文化周”活动。作为中国优秀文化的爱好者，Jim负责组织中国文化节(ChineseCultureFestival)，他向你寻求相关建议。请用英文给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1.推荐活动内容；2.简要说明理由。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

参考答案【答案】1．A2．C3．B4．D5．B6．A7．C8．D9．A10．C【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者参加学校辩论队，从自我怀疑到充满自信的故事。【解析】1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们想通知大家，今天下午3点将会有学校辩论队的选拔活动”。A.inform通知；B.warn警告；C.order命令；D.promise承诺。根据“Avoiceannouncedthroughthespeakers,catchingeveryone'sattention”可知，广播是为了通知选拔活动的信息，故选A项。2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们想通知大家，今天下午3点将会有学校辩论队的选拔活动”。A.speech演讲；B.sports体育运动；C.debate辩论；D.chorus合唱。根据下文“thedebate”可知，广播通知的是学校“辩论队”的选拔。故选C项。3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们围坐在桌旁，带着期待的表情转向我。A.worried担心的；B.expectant期待的；C.confused困惑的；D.confident自信的。结合上下文朋友询问“Areyougoingtojoin,Sarah?”可知，朋友们对此充满期待。故选B项。4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，挑战自我的想法让我很感兴趣。A.Otherwise否则；B.Therefore因此；C.Meanwhile同时；D.However然而。根据“Myexperienceinpublicspeakingwaslimited”以及“theideaofchallengingmyselfappealedtome.”可知，前后句为转折关系。故选D项。5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到班级里那些自信的同学让我开始质疑自己的决定。A.confirm确认；B.question质疑；C.abandon放弃；D.delay推迟。根据后文“WhatifIstumbled( 结巴)overmywords?WhatifIappearedinexperienced?”可知，作者开始质疑自己的决定。选择B项。6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我深吸一口气，整理思绪，开始说话。A.thoughts想法；B.presents礼物；C.experiences经历；D.puzzles难题。根据下文“begantospeak.”可知，应该是整理了自己的想法（思绪）。故选A项。7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：令我意外的是，教练们点头表示赞许，我毫无争议地成功入选队伍。A.unfortunately不幸地；B.unnecessarily不必要地；C.undoubtedly毫无疑问地；D.unfairly不公平地。根据上文“thecoachesnoddedinapproval”可知，作者毫无争议地成功入选队伍。故选C项。8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个月里，我致力于掌握辩论的艺术，队友的支持让我充满动力。A.teaching教授；B.appreciating欣赏；C.spreading传播；D.mastering掌握。根据下文“theartofdebate”可知，此处表示致力于学习并掌握辩论技巧。故选D项。9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的认可保证了我的努力工作，并建立了我的信心。A.recognition认可；B.suggestion建议；C.contribution贡献；D.ambition雄心。根据上文“Whentheaudience’sapplausefilledtheauditoriumaftermyperformance”可知，观众的反应给了她认可。故选A项。10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，走出自己的舒适区，不仅让我发现了自己隐藏的天赋，也给我带来了成就感和快乐。A.story故事；B.secret秘密；C.talent天赋；D.desire欲望。根据常识可知，善于辩论是一种天赋。故选C项。【答案】11．leaving12．who13．from【分析】这是一篇记叙文。昨天，一名49岁的妇女失去了对车辆的控制，滑进了湍急的河水中。这名女子的车开始沉入河中，她被困在里面，水很快就充满了车。一位在附近工作的路人注意到了下沉的汽车。那个人毫不犹豫地冲进河里去帮忙。他把那个女人从下沉的车里拉出来，安全地把她带到岸边。【解析】11．考查非谓语动词。句意：这名女子的车开始沉入河中，她被困在里面，水很快就充满了车。此处leave与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填leaving。12．考查定语从句。句意：一位在附近工作的路人注意到了下沉的汽车。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词passerby，在从句作主语，指人。故填who。13．考查介词。句意：他把那个女人从下沉的车里拉出来，安全地把她带到岸边。短语pull…from…表示“把……拉出来”。故填from。【答案】14．built15．greater16．items【分析】本文是说明文，主要介绍了西安的几个重要历史遗迹。【解析】14．考查非谓语动词。句意：西安城墙建于明朝，是中国保存最完好的城墙之一。分析句子可知，空处应用非谓语动词作定语，build与其逻辑主语theXi’anCityWall之间是被动关系，表示动作已完成，应用过去分词。故填built。15．考查比较级。句意：它曾为抵御敌人提供保护，其厚度大于高度。根据句子结构，空格处需要一个形容词，结合than判断需要使用greater的比较级。故填greater。16．考查名词单复数。句意：探索西安丰富历史的好地方当然是陕西历史博物馆，那儿大约有170万件历史物品。item意为“物品”，是可数名词，被基数词1.7million修饰，用名词复数形式作宾语。故填items。【答案】17．torelieve18．slowly19．led20．hasspeeded/hassped【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了医学的发展历史情况。【解析】17．考查非谓语动词。句意：最早为医学寻找科学依据的人之一是希波克拉底，据说他曾用树皮和树叶来缓解发烧和疼痛。短语usesth.todosth.表示“用某物做某事”。故填torelieve。18．考查副词。句意：许多世纪以来，医学的发展相当缓慢，直到显微镜的发明，才导致血细胞、细菌和疾病的细菌理论的发现。修饰动词advance用副词slowly，故填slowly。19．考查时态。句意：许多世纪以来，医学的发展相当缓慢，直到显微镜的发明，才导致血细胞、细菌和疾病的细菌理论的发现。根据上文 .Formanycenturies可知为一般过去时。故填led。20．考查时态。句意：从那时起，医学的发展速度加快了。根据上文Sincethen可知为现在完成时，主语为theadvanceofmedicine，助动词用has。故填hasspeeded/hassped。【答案】21．B22．A23．A【分析】这是一篇应用文，介绍了Remerge招聘职位的信息，包括工作职责、申请要求及应聘者的福利待遇。【解析】21．细节理解题。据JobResponsibilities部分的第一点“Assistincreativeuploadandmaintaincreativeassets(资产)onRemergeplatforms(协助创意上传并维护Remerge平台上的创意资产)”可知，在Remerge工作时需要协助创意上传。故选B。22．细节理解题。根据JobRequirements部分的最后一点“Strongattentiontothedetailsandtimemanagementskills(注重细节并具备强大的时间管理能力)”可知，应聘者需要在时间管理上表现优秀。故选A。23．细节理解题。根据OurPromise部分的第三点“Flexibleworkfromhomeorintheoffice(灵活选择在家或办公室工作)”可知，合格的应聘者能获得灵活的办公地点选择权。故选A。【答案】24．D25．B26．C27．C【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了JuleusGhunta曾经因为生活艰难，不仅小时候不上学，而且没有接触过书，于是到了六年级过得很艰难，多亏了一位老师的鼓励，建立了他的自信，改变了他的人生。【解析】24．细节理解题。根据第二段“BythetimeheenteredGradeSix,hecouldonlyspellhisownname,butcouldn’tmakeoutwordsorreadwithunderstanding.Thesituationwasmadeworsebyaseriesofimpatientteacherswhomadehimfeelworthlessandupset.Hestruggledinschoolwithadeepsenseofloss.(当他进入六年级时，他只会拼写自己的名字，但不能辨认单词或阅读理解。一群不耐烦的老师让情况变得更糟，他们让他觉得自己毫无价值，心烦意乱。他带着深深的失落感在学校里挣扎)”可知，Ghunta在六年级时感到抑郁。故选D。25．细节理解题。根据第三段“Shewaspatientandcreative,butdidnotaskanythingofmeexceptthatIworkhardandbelieveinmyself.(她很有耐心，也很有创造力，但她对我没有任何要求，只是要求我努力学习，相信自己)”可知，这位年轻的老师主要通过建立他的信心来影响Ghunta。故选B。26．细节理解题。根据最后一段“In2010,Ghuntawentbacktohiselementaryschool,inquiringtheprincipalandteachersiftheyoungteacherwasstillthere,butfailed.Hehopedtomeetherandthankherforseeinghispotential.“Iwouldlovehertoseethesignificantimpactshehasmadeonmylife,andthewaysinwhichIhavecarriedthismemoryofher—thehope,thelight,withme—andhowitcontinuestobeasourceofjoy.”(2010年，Ghunta回到了他的小学，询问校长和老师，这位年轻的老师是否还在那里，但没有回答。他希望能见到她，并感谢她看到了他的潜力。“我想让她看到她对我的生活产生的重大影响，以及我对她的记忆——希望和光明——的方式，以及它如何继续成为我快乐的源泉。”)”可知，Ghunta在2010年回到他的小学，当面感谢他的老师。故选C。27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Iwouldlovehertoseethesignificantimpactshehasmadeonmylife,andthewaysinwhichIhavecarriedthismemoryofher—thehope,thelight,withme—andhowitcontinuestobeasourceofjoy.(我想让她看到她对我的生活产生的重大影响，以及我对她的记忆——希望和光明——的方式，以及它如何继续成为我快乐的源泉)”结合文章主要讲述了JuleusGhunta曾经因为生活艰难，不仅小时候不上学，而且没有接触过书，于是到了六年级过得很艰难，多亏了一位老师的鼓励，建立了他的自信，改变了他的人生。可知，故事告诉我们鼓励可以改变一个人的生活。故选C。【答案】28．D29．B30．C【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了语言进化的机制，尤其是某些词汇在大脑中的“进化优势”，同时也探讨了语言变化中简单化与复杂化的平衡问题。【解析】28．主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Inanexperimentmuchlikeagameoftelephone,thousandsofparticipantsreadEnglish-languagestoriesandrewrotethemtobereadbyotherparticipantswhothenrewrotethemforothers.Onlycertainwordsfromthefirststoriessurvivedinthefinalversions.Researchersanalyzedthewordtypesspeakersconsistentlyfavored,theorizingthatsuchpreferencesdrivelanguagechangeovertime.ThescientistsalsoseparatelyanalyzedtwolargecollectionsofEnglishhistoricaltextsfromthepasttwocenturies,containingmorethan40billionwords—againseeingonlycertaintypessurvive.(在一个很像电话游戏的实验中，数千名参与者阅读英语故事，然后重写给其他参与者阅读，然后其他参与者再重写给其他人看。在最后的版本中，最初的故事中只有某些词留存了下来。研究人员分析了说话者一直喜欢的词汇类型，并提出了这样的偏好会导致语言随着时间的推移而变化的理论。科学家们还分别分析了过去两个世纪的两大英语历史文本集，其中包含400多亿个单词，再次发现只有某些类型的单词幸存下来)”可知，本段详细描述了研究的具体过程（实验设计）和发现（偏好“幸存”词的特性），即“实验过程与研究发现”，故选D。29．推理判断题。根据第五段“ButacognitivescientistFritzBreithauptsaysthenewstudysupportsamorerecenttheorythatlanguageultimatelygetsmoreefficientandeasiertounderstand.(但认知科学家FritzBreithaupt表示，这项新研究支持一种较新的理论，即语言最终变得更加高效、更容易理解)”可知，Breithaupt认为英语语言倾向于变得更实际和高效。故选B。30．主旨大意题。整篇文章的中心围绕语言进化的驱动因素，重点分析了“哪些单词会保留下来，哪些会消失”，尤其在研究中得出的几个单词具有“进化优势”的特性：早期习得的词、具体词以及带有情绪激动性（正面或负面）的词。文章反复强调的是单词如何在变化中“生存”与“灭绝”。结合选项，C选项“Whatmakesawordsurviveorgoextinct?”（是什么让一个单词存活或消亡？）最能概括文章主题。故选C。【答案】31．A32．C33．D34．A【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要探讨关于创造力与大脑之间的关系的各种观点和误解，并分析了这些观点的形成原因。【解析】31．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Butratherthanfullydebunkthem,Abraham’spreconditionisthattheyallcontainatruth.(而不是完全debunk它们，亚伯拉罕假设它们都含有某种真理)”可知，假设它们都含有某种真理，所以亚伯拉罕没有完全地去否定这些观点。debunk意思为“揭穿，否认”。故选A。32．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“Suchproblems,saysAbraham,originateinthefactthatcreativitytypicallyinvolvesmanyelementsbutthefocusisoftendrawntojustone,theimaginationneededtomakesomethingnew.(亚伯拉罕说，这样的问题源于创造力通常涉及许多元素，但重点常常集中在一个元素上，即创造新事物所需要的想象力)”及第六段“Otheraspects—suchasthedrivetocreate,thehardworkinvolvedandtheabilitytoproducesomethingthatsympathizeswithanaudience—arealsocrucial.(其他方面——如创造的动力、所需的努力以及创作出能引起观众共鸣的能力——也是至关重要的)”可知，创造力是一个涉及许多因素的复杂过程。故选C。33．推理判断题。根据第六段“Manyexplanations,shesays,treatcreativity