申论常考公文格式

常考公文写作格式目录前言...................................................................................................................................................1一、常考事务性文书.........................................................................................................................2（一）倡议书.............................................................................................................................2（二）讲话类.............................................................................................................................3（三）宣传稿.............................................................................................................................4（四）编者按.............................................................................................................................5（五）新闻稿.............................................................................................................................6（六）短文.................................................................................................................................7（七）短评.................................................................................................................................7（八）建议书.............................................................................................................................8（九）提纲.................................................................................................................................9（十）简报...............................................................................................................................（十一）调查报告...................................................................................................................（十二）信件...........................................................................................................................（十三）证明信.......................................................................................................................（十四）招聘启事...................................................................................................................（十五）典型材料...................................................................................................................法定公文.................................................................................................................................申论常考的法定公文.............................................................................................................前言题干会交代清楚该如何写，写到什么样的程度的。具体来说：1.题干无格式要求，如，“不考虑格式要求”；“列出内容要点”；2.如何确定格式与正文内容。格式方面，通常标题和正文均需要写；题干详写，非侧重的信息简写甚至可以不写。1一、常考事务性文书（一）倡议书标题、称呼、正文、结尾、落款五部分组成。1.标题：标题还可以由倡议内容和文种名共同组成。如“把遗体交给医学界利用的倡议书”。2.称呼：“广大的青少年朋友们：”、“广大的妇女同胞们：”等。3.示例：倡议书XXX：····························································································································。·····························································································································。·····························································································································。XXXXXX年xx月xx日注：具体内容要根据题干目的、要求和材料内容确定，不能盲目照搬。2（二）讲话类讲话类：分为讲话稿、发言稿、开幕词、闭幕词等。内容通常由标题和正文组成。1.标题：一般是由关于+事由+的文种。2.正文：讲话稿的正文包括开头、主体和结尾三部分。3.示例：关于+事由+的讲话XXX：···························································。························································································································。【号召/倡议/总结结尾等】注：具体内容要根据题干目的、要求和材料内容确定，不能盲目照搬。3（三）宣传稿宣传稿：宣传稿由标题、称谓、正文、落款、日期组成。1.标题：一般是由关于+事由+的文种。或者文种作标题。2.称谓：由宣传对象决定。3.正文：宣传稿的正文包括开头、主体和结尾三部分。4.落款、日期。右下角。5.示例：宣传稿XXX：【背景/缘由/目的等】····························································································································。【原因/作用/危害等】···························································································································。【对策/经验做法等】··························································································································。【号召倡议】XXXXXX年xx月xx日注：具体内容要根据题干目的、要求和材料内容确定，不能盲目照搬。4（四）编者按编者按：就是编者（不是作品的作者）对作品的解释或引申。编者按可以表明编者的态度和意见，也可以提示要点，还可交待背景。格式由标题和正文构成。1.标题：编者按。2.正文：根据题干具体要求确定，通常是提示要点或交代背景。3.示例：编者按【内容要点】···················································································。注：编者按也可以直接将“编者按”三个字写在正文开头，无标题。具体内容要根据题干目的、要求和材料内容确定，不能盲目照搬。5（五）新闻稿新闻稿：新闻稿是公司/机构/政府/学校等单位发送予传媒的通信渠道，以公布有新闻价值辅助部分。1.标题：高度概括，抓人眼球。2.导语：用来提示消息的重要事实，使读者一目了然。3.主体：随导语之后，是消息的主干，是集中叙述事件、阐发问题和表明观点的中心部分，是全篇的关键所在。4.结语：一般指新闻的最后一句或一段话，是新闻的结尾，它依内容的需要，可有可无。插在导语或结语之中。注意，在申论考试中通常不写。6.示例：标题【导语】【主体】···············································································································。【结语】················································································································。注：具体内容要根据题干目的、要求和材料内容确定，不能盲目照搬。6（六）短文短文：内容表达参照文章写作，切记直接分条书写。格式示例略。（七）短评短评：是指简短的评论（如报刊上简短的评论）也指文艺短评、对各种看法的简短的评价。格式由标题与正文构成。标题：根据内容自拟，或者题干直接给出标题。正文：主要由背景观点、理由、结尾等。可参照一般性事务性文书。3.示例：标题【背景+观点】···················································································································································。···········································································································。【总结/做法等】·····················································。注：具体内容要根据题干目的、要求和材料内容确定，不能盲目照搬。7（八）建议书建议书：议书的格式和一般书信大体相同。1.标题：通常只写“建议书”三个字，有时为了突出建议的具体内容，可以写《关于×××的建议书》。2.称呼：提出的建议希望得到哪些人的响应，称呼就写哪些人。理由，最后写建议的具体内容。如果内容较多，可以分条写。4.示例：建议书XXX：·······································································································································。【建议内容】········································································································································。【结尾】XXXXXX年xx月xx日注：具体内容要根据题干目的、要求和材料内容确定，不能盲目照搬。8（九）提纲提纲：提纲是简单的内容要点的提炼总结。具体来说只需要写清楚标题与正文即可。标题：关于+事由+的文种。正文：背景/目的，加内容要点。3.示例：关于+事由+的提纲XXX：【背景/缘由/目的等】······················································································································。·······················································································································。·······················································································································。························································································································。························································································································。内容要点直接分条：经验、做法、影响等等，具体由题干和材料确定】注：具体内容要根据题干目的、要求和材料内容确定，不能盲目照搬。9（十）简报简报：写清楚即可。1.标题：关于+事由+的文种，也可用简报二字直接作标题。2.导语：交代清楚背景即可。是概括材料内容要点。4.结尾：楚，那就不必再加尾巴了。注：具体考试不用考虑太多，紧扣材料信息即可。5.示例：································································································。······································································································································。注：具体内容要根据题干目的、要求和材料内容确定，不能盲目照搬。10（十一）调查报告（调研报告）上看，调查报告由标题和正文两部分组成。1.标题：可用”关于+事由+的文种”，如“关于我区环境污染问题的调查报告”。2.正文：正文由前言，主体，结尾构成。3.示例：关于+事由+的调查报告········································································································。注：具体内容要根据题干目的、要求和材料内容确定，不能盲目照搬。11（十二）信件信件：是组织与组织，人与人等公私之间常用的一种文书，申论考试中常考类型是公开信，主要用于说明情况或者倡议等。格式主要包括，标题、称谓、正文、落款、日期等。标题：可直接用“公开信”三个字作标题。称谓：由具体题目决定。正文：主要是交代背景缘由，说明情况或提出建议倡议等，最后是号召倡议。落款：由题干发文组织决定。日期：落款下面，与之对齐。6.示例：公开信XXX：【背景/缘由/目的等】·······························································································································。【原因/作用/危害等】·······························································································································。【对策/经验做法等】································································································································。【号召倡议】XXXXXX年xx月xx日注：具体内容要根据题干目的、要求和材料内容确定，不能盲目照搬。12（十三）证明信证明信：证明信是以行政机关,社会团体,企事业单位或个人的名义凭借确凿的证据证明某人包括，标题、称谓、正文、结尾、落款、日期等。1.标题："证明"或"有关问题的证明"。2.称谓：另起一行写上单位名称，之后加冒号。3.正文：被证明的事实。4.结尾：一般写"特此证明"。5落款：右下角，个人类用“XXX”代替。6.日期：落款下方。7.示例：证明XXX：··········································································································································。特此证明。XXXXXX年xx月xx日注：具体内容要根据题干目的、要求和材料内容确定，不能盲目照搬。13（十四）招聘启事招聘启事：是用人单位面向社会公开招聘有关人员时使用的一种应用文书人才的一种方式。招聘启事是用人单位面向社会公开招聘有关人员时使用的一种应用文书。格式通常由标题，开头，正文，应聘方式等构成。1.标题：可以用“招聘启事”或“招聘”等。2.开头：招聘启事的开头主要叙述招聘原因，从而引出招聘启事的正文。3.正文：招聘启事正文主要列出招聘的专业(或岗位)、要求、数量和待遇等内容。4.应聘方式：一是直接面试；二是以书信应聘、报名，标明电话等具体信息，考试可不写。5.落款日期：右下角。6.示例：招聘启事XXX：·······························································································································。·······························································································································。····································································。XXXXXX年xx月xx日注：具体内容要根据题干目的、要求和材料内容确定，不能盲目照搬。14（十五）典型材料典型材料：构成。1.标题：根据正文内容自拟。多时可分条分类陈述。3.示例：标题······························································································································。····························································································································。··················································································。注：具体内容要根据题干目的、要求和材料内容确定，不能盲目照搬。15二、法定公文决议。适用于会议讨论通过的重大决策事项。关不适当的决定事项。(三)命令(令)。适用于公布行政法规和规章、宣布施行重大强制性措施、批准授予和晋升衔级、嘉奖有关单位和人员。(四)公报。适用于公布重要决定或者重大事项。(五)公告。适用于向国内外宣布重要事项或者法定事项。(六)通告。适用于在一定范围