语言背景知识阅读理解题型分析及应对方法

语言背景知识阅读理解题型分析及应对方法专题

1.TheHawaiianIslands,whicharesituatedinthePacific,became

stateoftheUnitedStatesin1959.A.thefifthB.thefifteenthC.thefiftiethD.thefourth2.TherearefourlifelikefiguresofAmericanpresidentsonthecliffofBlackHillsofSouthDakota,

isoneofthem.A.HarryTrumanB.TheodoreRooseveltC.JohnDenneyD.DwightEisenhower

英语文化信息检测题CB

3.

isthetraditionalholidaycreatedbytheAmericanpeople.A.ChristmasB.ThanksgivingDayC.HalloweenD.Easter4.TheStatueofLiberty,whichstands

,wasgiventotheUnitedStatesbythepeopleofFrance.A.inthenation'scapital.WashingtonD.C.B.inthecenterofNewYorkC.outintheoceanwhereallcanseeitD.onanislandinNewYorkHarborBD

5.MsReedisacharacterinthenovelJaneEyrewrittenby

.A.JaneAustenB.EmilyBronteC.CharlotteBronteD.ElizabethBarrettBrowning6.TheLastSupperandMonaLisabelongedto

,agreatfamouspainter.A.RaphaelB.LeonardodaVinciC.PicassoD.Ganguin

CB7.WhichofthefollowingworksisnotwrittenbyWilliamShakespeare?A.TheMerchantofVeniceB.RomeoandJulietC.KingLearD.ATaleofTwoCities8.Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?Yes,andpleasegetsomemilk,too.Iprefercoffee

milk.A.toB.thanC.withD.ofDC9.Thebuildingdestroyedbytwoterroristplanesinthe"9.11Incident"inNewYorkin2001is

.A.theWorldTradeCenterB.theEmpireBuildingC.thePentagonD.WhiteHouse10. WhenwetalkwithanEnglishman,weshouldnotaskhimquestionsaboutthefollowingexceptforhis

.A.religionB.incomeC.ageD.favoritesportsAD

,famousintheworldasthebirthplaceofWilliamShakespeare,issituated-almostsymbolically-attheheartofEngland.A.CanterbaryB.BathC.StratforduponAvonD.Exter

12. InthebattleofWaterloo,thegreatNapoleonwascompletelydefeatedby

.A.theDukeofWellingtonB.JordanC.GeorgeWashingtonD.RobertE.LeeCA13.--Howwouldyoulikeyoursteak?--

.A.WelldoneB.VerygoodC.YouaredoingfineD.Goodidea14.

issuedthefamous"EmancipationProclamations".A.LincolnB.RooseveltC.WashingtonD.Truman15. Thefilm

showedAmericanssearchingforgold.A.ModernTimesB.TheGoldRushC.CityLightsD.AKinginNewYork.AABWelldone!语言背景知识阅读理解题型分析及应对方法一、专题背景介绍高考英语考纲明确规定，考生不但应掌握所学语言，而且应了解所学语言国家的文化背景。因此语言背景知识的介绍是高考英语阅读理解的重要考查内容。这种阅读材料常向读者介绍英国、美国和澳大利亚等英语民族文学名家、名著和其他文化背景，以便丰富他们的知识，拓宽他们的视野。二、常见题型分析与应对方法〔一〕名家成功秘诀判断题语言背景知识介绍阅读理解材料常介绍著名作家和诗人艰辛的成长过程，这种艰辛的成长过程使他们对祖国对人民充满浓厚感情，并成为其创作动力。因此，文史知识介绍文常出现名家成功秘诀判断题，这些试题往往以Whycouldtheherosucceed?/Whatcanwelearnfromthewriter?为设问方式考查对名家成功秘诀的准确判断，其答案往往为Theterribleexperienceofthewritermadehimsucceed.之类的句子。

应对方法：解题时一定要明白生活是创作的源泉，同时还应认真阅读原文，感受主人公艰辛的生活历程，并分析这种痛苦历程是如何成为主人公创作动力和成功源泉的。〔二〕所学语言国家特定时间所讲语言判断题了解所学国家语言是中学生英语学习重要内容，因此语言背景知识介绍的阅读理解材料常出现所学国家特定时期所讲语言判断题，这种试题常以Whatwasthelanguagespokenin…?Howmanylanguagesdidthe…speakin…?为设问方式考查对所学语言国家特定时间所讲语言的判断。

应对方法：解题时既需从记忆中调出对所学语言国家文化背景知识的掌握，也需要认真阅读原文找出正确答案。应对方法：解题时应认真阅读原文，分析不同阶层人士语言特点，尤其应分析文章所举例词的来源，从而加以正确判断。〔三〕不同社会阶层语言特点判断题语言是有阶级性的，英语在长期开展过程中也深深烙上阶级的印迹，上层社会的官方语言和劳动人民的生活语言有明显区别，因此语言背景知识介绍阅读理解材料常出现不同社会阶层语言特点判断题。这些试题常以Whichofthefollowingwordswerespokenbythefarmers/governors?为设问方式考查对不同社会阶层语言特点的判断。三、高考题例：〔NMET2001D篇〕IfyouaskpeopletonametheonepersonwhohadthegreatesteffectontheEnglishlanguage,youwillgetanswerslike"Shakespeare,""SamuelJohnson,"and"Webster,"butnoneofthesemenhadanyeffectatallcomparedtoamanwhodidn'tevenspeakEnglish-WilliamtheConqueror.Before1066,inthelandwenowcallGreatBritainlivedpeoplesbelongingtotwomajorlanguagegroups.Inthewest-centralregionlivedtheWelsh,whospokeaCelticlanguage,andinthenorthlivedtheScots,whoselanguage,thoughnotthesameasWelsh,wasalsoCeltic.IntherestofthecountrylivedtheSaxons,actuallyamixtureofAnglos-Saxons,andotherGermanicandNordicpeoples,whospokewhatwenowcallAnglo-Saxon(orOldEnglish),aGermaniclanguage.Ifthisstateofaffairshadlasted,EnglishtodaywouldbeclosetoGerman.Butthisstateofaffairsdidnotlast.In1066theNormansledbyWilliamdefeatedtheSaxonsandbegantheirruleoverEngland.Foraboutacentury,FrenchbecametheofficiallanguageofEnglandwhileOldEnglishbecamethelanguageofpeasants.Asaresult,EnglishwordsofpoliticsandthelawcomefromFrenchratherthanGerman.Insomecases,modernEnglishevenshowsadistinction〔区别〕betweenupper-classFrenchandlower-classAnglo-Saxoninitswords.Weevenhavedifferentwordsforsomefoods,meatinparticular,dependingonwhetheritisstilloutinthefieldsorathomereadytobecooked,whichshowsthefactthattheSaxonpeasantsweredoingthefarming,whiletheupper-classNormansweredoingmostoftheeating.WhenAmericansvisitEuropeforthefirsttime,theyusuallyfindGermanymore"foreign"thanFrancebecausetheGermantheyseeonsignsandadvertisementsseemsmuchmoredifferentfromEnglishthanFrenchdoes.FewrealizethattheEnglishlanguageisactuallyGermanicinitsbeginningandthattheFrenchinfluencesarealltheresultofoneman'sambition.1.ThetwomajorlanguagesspokeninwhatisnowcalledGreatBritainbefore1066were

.A.WelshandScottishB.NordicandGermanicC.CelticandOldEnglishD.Anglo-SaxonandGermanic三、高考题例：〔NMET2001D篇〕IfyouaskpeopletonametheonepersonwhohadthegreatesteffectontheEnglishlanguage,youwillgetanswerslike"Shakespeare,""SamuelJohnson,"and"Webster,"butnoneofthesemenhadanyeffectatallcomparedtoamanwhodidn'tevenspeakEnglish-WilliamtheConqueror.Before1066,inthelandwenowcallGreatBritainlivedpeoplesbelongingtotwomajorlanguagegroups.Inthewest-centralregionlivedtheWelsh,whospokeaCelticlanguage,andinthenorthlivedtheScots,whoselanguage,thoughnotthesameasWelsh,wasalsoCeltic.IntherestofthecountrylivedtheSaxons,actuallyamixtureofAnglos,Saxons,andotherGermanicandNordicpeoples,whospokewhatwenowcallAnglo-Saxon(orOldEnglish),aGermaniclanguage.Ifthisstateofaffairshadlasted,EnglishtodaywouldbeclosetoGerman.Butthisstateofaffairsdidnotlast.In1066theNormansledbyWilliamdefeatedtheSaxonsandbegantheirruleoverEngland.Foraboutacentury,FrenchbecametheofficiallanguageofEnglandwhileOldEnglishbecamethelanguageofpeasants.Asaresult,EnglishwordsofpoliticsandthelawcomefromFrenchratherthanGerman.Insomecases,modernEnglishevenshowsadistinction〔区别〕betweenupper-classFrenchandlower-classAngloSaxoninitswords.Weevenhavedifferentwordsforsomefoods,neatinparticular,dependingonwhetheritisstilloutinthefieldsofathomereadytobecooked,whichshowsthefactthattheSaxonpeasantsweredoingthefarming,whiletheupper-classNormansweredoingmostoftheeating.WhenAmericansvisitEuropeforthefirsttime,theyusuallyfindGermanymore"foreign"thanFrancebecausetheGermantheyseeonsignsandadvertisementsseemsmuchmoredifferentfromEnglishthanFrenchdoes.FewrealizethattheEnglishlanguageinactuallyGermanicinitsbeginningandthattheFrenchinfluencesarealltheresultofoneman'sambition.析:因为根据就题找文法的原那么，我们从原文第二节信息中可知TheWelshspokeCeltic.TheScotsalsospokeCeltic.TheSaxonsspokeAnglo-Saxon(orOldEnglish)，由此可见1066年之前英国人讲的两大语言应是Celtic和OldEnglish。此题是一道所学语言国家特定时间所讲语言判断题，解题关键在于既要对外国语言背景有一定了解，又要对原文进行阅读分析。1.ThetwomajorlanguagesspokeninwhatisnowcalledGreatBritainbefore1066were

.A.WelshandScottishB.NordicandGermanicC.CelticandOldEnglishD.Anglo-SaxonandGermanic2.Whichofthefollowinggroupsofwordsare,byinference,rootedinFrench?A.president;lawyer;beer

B.president;bread;waterC.bread;field;sheep

D.folk;field;cow三、高考题例：〔NMET2001D篇〕IfyouaskpeopletonametheonepersonwhohadthegreatesteffectontheEnglishlanguage,youwillgetanswerslike"Shakespeare,""SamuelJohnson,"and"Webster,"butnoneofthesemenhadanyeffectatallcomparedtoamanwhodidn'tevenspeakEnglish-WilliamtheConqueror.Before1066,inthelandwenowcallGreatBritainlivedpeoplesbelongingtotwomajorlanguagegroups.Inthewest-centralregionlivedtheWelsh,whospokeaCelticlanguage,andinthenorthlivedtheScots,whoselanguage,thoughnotthesameasWelsh,wasalsoCeltic.IntherestofthecountrylivedtheSaxons,actuallyamixtureofAnglos,Saxons,andotherGermanicandNordicpeoples,whospokewhatwenowcallAnglo-Saxon(orOldEnglish),aGermaniclanguage.Ifthisstateofaffairshadlasted,EnglishtodaywouldbeclosetoGerman.Butthisstateofaffairsdidnotlast.In1066theNormansledbyWilliamdefeatedtheSaxonsandbegantheirruleoverEngland.Foraboutacentury,FrenchbecametheofficiallanguageofEnglandwhileOldEnglishbecamethelanguageofpeasants.Asaresult,EnglishwordsofpoliticsandthelawcomefromFrenchratherthanGerman.Insomecases,modernEnglishevenshowsadistinction〔区别〕betweenupper-classFrenchandlower-classAngloSaxoninitswords.Weevenhavedifferentwordsforsomefoods,neatinparticular,dependingonwhetheritisstilloutinthefieldsofathomereadytobecooked,whichshowsthefactthattheSaxonpeasantsweredoingthefarming,whiletheupper-classNormansweredoingmostoftheeating.WhenAmericansvisitEuropeforthefirsttime,theyusuallyfindGermanymore"foreign"thanFrancebecausetheGermantheyseeonsignsandadvertisementsseemsmuchmoredifferentfromEnglishthanFrenchdoes.FewrealizethattheEnglishlanguageinactuallyGermanicinitsbeginningandthattheFrenchinfluencesarealltheresultofoneman'sambition.析：由原文第三节“AsaresultEnglishwordsofpoliticsandthelawcomefromFrenchratherthanGerman.〞可知含政治性、法律性英语更多来自法语而不是德语。这是一道不同社会阶层语言特点判断题，解题关键在于分析不同阶层人士所讲语言特点，尤其应着重分析文章所举例词的来源。2.Whichofthefollowinggroupsofwordsare,byinference,rootedinFrench?A.president;lawyer;beer

B.president;bread;waterC.bread;field;sheep

D.folk;field;cow3.WhydoesFranceappearlessforeignthanGermanytoAmericansontheirfirstvisittoEurope?A.

MostadvertisementsinFranceappearinEnglishB.

TheyknowlittleofthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.C.ManyFrenchwordsaresimilartoEnglishones.D.TheyknowFrenchbetterthanGerman.三、高考题例：〔NMET2001D篇〕IfyouaskpeopletonametheonepersonwhohadthegreatesteffectontheEnglishlanguage,youwillgetanswerslike"Shakespeare,""SamuelJohnson,"and"Webster,"butnoneofthesemenhadanyeffectatallcomparedtoamanwhodidn'tevenspeakEnglish-WilliamtheConqueror.Before1066,inthelandwenowcallGreatBritainlivedpeoplesbelongingtotwomajorlanguagegroups.Inthewest-centralregionlivedtheWelsh,whospokeaCelticlanguage,andinthenorthlivedtheScots,whoselanguage,thoughnotthesameasWelsh,wasalsoCeltic.IntherestofthecountrylivedtheSaxons,actuallyamixtureofAnglos,Saxons,andotherGermanicandNordicpeoples,whospokewhatwenowcallAnglo-Saxon(orOldEnglish),aGermaniclanguage.Ifthisstateofaffairshadlasted,EnglishtodaywouldbeclosetoGerman.Butthisstateofaffairsdidnotlast.In1066theNormansledbyWilliamdefeatedtheSaxonsandbegantheirruleoverEngland.Foraboutacentury,FrenchbecametheofficiallanguageofEnglandwhileOldEnglishbecamethelanguageofpeasants.Asaresult,EnglishwordsofpoliticsandthelawcomefromFrenchratherthanGerman.Insomecases,modernEnglishevenshowsadistinction〔区别〕betweenupper-classFrenchandlower-classAngloSaxoninitswords.Weevenhavedifferentwordsforsomefoods,neatinparticular,dependingonwhetheritisstilloutinthefieldsofathomereadytobecooked,whichshowsthefactthattheSaxonpeasantsweredoingthefarming,whiletheupper-classNormansweredoingmostoftheeating.WhenAmericansvisitEuropeforthefirsttime,theyusuallyfindGermanymore