小学英语语法小结

小学英语语法小结名词：有可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和、复数之分。名词复数形式的构成规则：一般在名词词尾“s”如：teacher—teachersegg—eggs以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词加’“es”如:class—classesbox—boxesbus—buseswatch—watches以辅音字母+y的名词变y为i加es如：story—storieslibrary—librariesdictionary—dictionarieshobby—hobbies以f,fe结尾的名词，变f,fe为v加es如：life—livesleaf—leaveshalf—halvesknife—kniveswolf—wolveswife—wives以o结尾的名词英雄芒果土豆西红柿”加es如：hero—heroesmango—mangoespotato—potatoestomato--tomatoes其余加s如：zoo—zooskilo—kilosradio—radiosphoto—photospiano—pianos不规则名词单复数形式如：child—childrenman—menwoman--womenfoot—feettooth—teeth有的可数名词单、复数形式相同如：Japanese、Chinese、sleep.如：lhaveonesleep.Hehastwosleep.不可数名词没有复数形式不可数名词有：【1】milk、water、juice、tea、ice;【2】food、rice、meat、fish、chicken、bread、cheese；【3】paper、newspaper、hair、time、money、homework、housework；不可数名词的的数量常表示如下Twobottlesofmilkacupofjuicehalfakiloofcheeseabigofricethreekilosofmeatsomewater人称代词人称代词包括主格和宾格。主格在句中作主语，宾格用于动词或介词后作宾语。主格Iweyouhesheitthey宾格meusyouhimheritthem我你们你、你们他她它他、她、它们Wearegoingtohaveapicnic.Letusgo.ImisseveryoneinChina.Whocanhelpme?Whatishedoing?Heistryingtogetonthebus.Lookathim.Shecan’theat.Thisdoghelpsher.TellmemoreabouttheGreatWall.物主代词物主代词包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词后需跟名词，名词性物主代词后不用跟。名词性物主代词含义=形容词性物主代词+名词的含义。形容词性物主代词myouryourhisheritstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyourshishersitstheirs我的我们的你的、你们的他的她的它的他、她、它们的Thisismybook.=Thisbookismine.Thisishiebag=Thisbagishis.Yourwatchisold,buthersisnew.Thanksgivingismyfavouritefestival.Wesay“Thinkyou”forourfood,familyandfriends.四、疑问词who谁what什么when什么时候where哪里whattime几点why为什么how怎么whose谁的howmuch多少howmany多少howold多大whatcolour什么颜色howlong多长whatday那天对人物提问用whoWhogaveittoyou？Simon’sfamilygaveittome.Whocanhelpme?Icanhelpyou.对事物或做某事提问用whatWhatdoyouwant？Iwantahotdog.Whatareyoudoing?Iamreadingabook.Whatareyougoingtostudy?I’mgoingtostudyEnglish.Whatareyougoingtodo?We’regoingtowalkaroundthelake. What’sitabout?It’saboutanimals.3、对时间提问用whenWhenareyougoingtoeat?We’regoingtoeatatha;fpasttwelve.Whenwasheborn?Hewasbornin1809.4、对点钟提问用whattimeWhattimeisit?It’stwelve.Whattimedoyougetup?Igetupatsixo’clock.对地点提问用whereWherewasheborn?HewasborninFrance.Whereareyou?Iamonthetrain.Where’syourmum?She’satthesupermarket.对原因提问用whyWhyareyouwearingaraincoat?Becauseit’sgoingtorain.对身体状态或方式用howCanyoubemyChinesepenpal?Yes,ofcourse.十、反义词big--smalllong--shortnew--oldtall--shortyoung--oldheavy--lighteasy--hard/difficultup--downearly--latefat--thinwhite--blackcry--laughdifferent--sameinside--outsidehot--coldhappy--sadgood--badclean--dirtybring--takethis--thatthese--thosealways--neverwoman--man十一、同音词for--fourson--sunhour--ourtoo--tworight--writeeye--Iaren’t--auntsent--centWhere--weartheir--thereby--buysee--sea近义词good--wellstudy--learn十三、缩写形式与完整形式Iam=I’mheis=he’ssheis=she’sitis=it’sthatis=that’swhatis=what’sletus=let’sweare=we’retheyare=they’reyouare=you’recannot=can’tcouldnot=couldn’tshouldnot=shouldn’twillnot=won’tI’ll=Iwillwe’ll=wewilldonot=don’tdoesnot=doesn’tdidnot=didn’tIthasgot=it’sgotIhavegot=I’vegothavenot=haven’thasnot=hasn’tarenot-aren’tisnot=isn’t十四、小学英语分类单词和词组天气：rain下雨snow下雪rainy有雨的snowy有雪