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UNIT2MakingadifferenceSectionBUsinglanguage核心词汇教材原句p.17Since1953,UNICEFhastakenupanextendedmissiontohelpchildreninthedevelopingworld...自1953年以来,联合国儿童基金会承担了一项长期使命,帮助发展中国家的儿童……1takeup开始从事;开始担当;对……产生兴趣;占用,占据Haveyoueverthoughtoftakingupacting?你想过去当演员吗?TheministertookupofficeinDecember.这位部长是在12月份上任的。Theteachersuggestedthattheboyshouldtakeupthechallengebravely.老师建议这个男孩应该勇敢地接受挑战。Rogertookpaintingupforawhile,butsoonlostinterest.罗杰有段时间喜欢上了绘画,但很快就又没了兴趣。Thepianotakesuptoomuchroom.这架钢琴太占地方。题组练·领悟方法【归纳拓展】takeapart拆开,拆卸 takeback收回(前言);退回takedown写下,记下 takein吸收;欺骗;收留;理解takeon呈现;雇用;承担 takeover接管,接任takeoff(飞机)起飞;脱下(衣服);突然开始成功;休假【一言助记】SinceJacktookuptheworkasaneditor,hehastakenupeditingarticles,whichtakesupmostofhissparetime.Thoughhiswifehasalwayscomplainedaboutit,hestilltakestheworkup.自从杰克接受 了那份做编辑的工作以来,他便开始编辑文章,这占用了他的大部分业余时间。尽管他的妻子一直对此抱怨,但他仍然继续他的工作。 写出下列句中takeup的含义(1)Johntookuptennisinhischildhood.________________
(2)[词汇复现]TheheadteachertakesherdutiesupinAugust.______________
(3)Thebigdesktakesuptoomuchspace.______________
(4)I’lltrynottotakeupmuchofyourtime._______________
单句语法填空(5)Idon’twantthisbigcolourTVnow,forittakes
toomuchroom.(6)Don’tbetaken
byproductsclaimingtohelpyoutoloseweightinaweek.(7)Thereisstilltwohoursbeforeourplanetakes
,sotakeyourtime.(8)Youneedn’ttake
whateveryourteachersaysinclass.(9)Chinahastaken
anewlookinthepastfewyears.(10)[词汇复现]I’msorrytohavemadeyouembarrassed.I’lltake
whatIsaid.对……产生兴趣开始担当占据(空间)占用(时间)up
in
off
down
on
back
2extendv.持续;延伸;扩大;延长extendaroad/house扩建公路/房子extendthedeadline延长最后期限Thecavesextendforsome18kilometres.那些洞穴深约18千米。Thehighwayshouldbeextended200kilometrestothattown.这条公路应延长200千米到那座城镇。Thebarhasrecentlyextendeditsopeninghours.这个酒吧最近延长了营业时间。【单词积累】extensionn.扩大,延伸extensiveadj.广阔的,广大的 单句语法填空(1)Theterriblefirelastweekcaused
(extend)damage.(2)HefirstenteredBritainonasix-monthvisa,andwasgivenafurther
(extend)ofsixmonths.(3)Withtheroadofourvillage
(extend),itisconvenientforustotraveloutside.extensive
extensionextended
教材原句p.17...includingthoselivingwithdiseasesordisabilities,andthoseaffectedbyrapidmodernisationandenvironmentalproblems.……包括那些患有疾病或残疾的儿童,以及那些受到快速现代化和环境问题影响的儿童。3disabilityn.残疾,残障peoplewithdisabilities=thedisabled残疾人 aphysical/mentaldisability生理缺陷/心理障碍alearning/readingdisability学习/阅读障碍Inmanywaysmydisabilityhashelpedmegrowstrongerpsychologicallyandbecomemoreindependent.在许多方面,我身体的残疾倒使我心理上变得更加坚强、更加独立。[词汇复现]【单词积累】ableadj.能的,有能力的→disablev.使残疾,使丧失能力→disabledadj.残疾的,无能力的→disabilityn.残疾,残障ableadj.能的,有能力的→unableadj.不能的,无能力的ableadj.能的,有能力的→enablev.使能够 单句语法填空(1)Makingfunofthe
(disable)issomethingweshouldneverdo.(2)Thosewith
(disable)shouldbetreatedequally.(3)Idothinkhehasbothphysicalandmental
(disable).(4)[词汇复现]Onlyteamworkwill
(able)ustopullourweight.(5)Sincetheaccident,hehascommittedhimselftoraisingmoneyforpeoplewith____________
(disable).disabled
disabilities
disabilitiesenabledisabilities教材原句p.18He’ssensitiveandratherserious,whichsometimesmakeshimappeartobealittlebookish.他敏感而且相当严肃,这有时使他显得有点儿书生气。4sensitiveadj.敏感的,容易生气的;善解人意的;灵敏的搭配:besensitiveto对……敏感 besensitiveabout介意,在乎Itisobviousthatsheisverysensitivetowhatyousaid.很明显,她对你说的话很敏感。Heisasensitiveandintelligentyoungman.他是一个善解人意、非常聪明的年轻人。ahighlysensitiveelectroniccamera一台高度灵敏的电子摄像机【词语辨析】sensitive与sensibleIhavetobeverycarefulwithwhatIsaybecauseshe’ssosensitive.我说话必须非常小心,因为她太敏感了。Ithinkthesensiblethingtodoistocallandaskfordirections.我觉得明智之举是打个电话问好路。单句语法填空(1)Comparedwithhissister,Jerryisevenmoresensitive
emotionalandrelation-shipproblems.(2)Hewasverysensitive
hisscarandthoughteveryonewasstaringathim.(3)Theyhavesetupseveralhighly
(sense)electroniccamerasontheroad.选词填空(sensible/sensitive)(4)Someplantsare
tolightandtheyprefershade.(5)Itwouldbe
totakeanumbrella.(6)Itis
tobuythemostup-to-dateversion.(7)[词汇复现]Don’tbeso
—Iwasn’tcriticisingyou.to
about
sensitive
sensitive
sensible
sensible
sensitive教材原句p.18She’susuallyveryshy,butshe’sgenerousandneverhesitatestohelp.她通常很害羞,但她很慷慨,帮助别人从不犹豫。5generousadj.慷慨的,大方的;宽宏大量的,仁慈的搭配:begeneroustosb.对某人慷慨 begenerouswithsth.在某方面大方;不吝啬某物It’sgenerousofsb.todosth.某人做某事真是慷慨。Ihopeallofuscanbeasgenerousashimandelecttodonateblood.我希望我们大家都能像他一样慷慨献血。[词汇复现]Althoughhewasnotrich,hewasverygeneroustohisneedyfriends.他虽然不富有,但对贫困的朋友却很慷慨。Jimisverygenerouswithhistime.吉姆很不吝惜他的时间。ItwasgenerousofthemtoaskAnnaalong.他们邀请安娜一起去,真是大方。agenerousmind宽阔的胸怀【单词积累】generouslyadv.慷慨地,大方地
generosityn.慷慨,大方
meanadj.吝啬的,小气的单句语法填空(1)Thesevolunteersareverygenerous
theoldmen.(2)Thegraduateisverygenerous
histimeinhelpingothers.(3)Itisgenerousofyou
(lend)yourportablecomputertome.(4)[词汇复现]Thankyouforcontributing
(generous)tothescholarshipfund.(5)[词汇复现]Sheacceptedhisapologywithgreat
(generous).完成句子(6)[词汇复现]
(你真慷慨)todonatesomuchmoneytotheProjectHope.
to
with
tolend
generously
generosity
It’sgenerousofyou6hesitatev.迟疑,犹豫搭配:hesitateabout/over对……犹豫 hesitatetodosth.(因有顾虑而)不愿意做某事don’thesitatetodosth.尽管做某事Shehesitatedslightlybeforeansweringthedetective’squestion.在回答警探的问题之前,她稍稍犹豫了一下。MymotherneverhesitatestotellmewhenIlookbad.如果我气色不好,我母亲总是毫不犹豫地告诉我。Whenyoucomeacrossanydifficulty,don’thesitatetoturntomeforhelp.当你遇到困难时,尽管找我帮忙。【单词积累】(1)hesitationn.犹豫,迟疑 withouthesitation毫不犹豫地havenohesitationindoingsth.非常愿意做某事IhavenohesitationinrecommendingMsShapurforthejob.我非常乐意推荐沙普尔女士做这项工作。(2)hesitantadj.犹豫的,踌躇的Youseemedabithesitantaboutrecommendingthatrestaurant—issomethingwrongwithit?你似乎不是很愿意推荐那家餐厅——它有什么问题吗?单句语法填空(1)Wehopethatyouwillnothesitate
(make)usawareofanyshortcomingswhichyoumayfindinthisplan.(2)Whenseeingthedrowninggirlstrugglingintheriver,hejumpedintoittosaveherwithout
(hesitate).(3)Shegavemea
(hesitate)smile.完成句子(4)[词汇复现]
(尽管求助于)AgonyAuntifyouhaveanydifficulty.(5)Ididn’t
foramoment
(毫不犹豫)takingthejob.tomake
hesitation
hesitant
Don’thesitatetoturnto
hesitateabout教材原句p.19InChina,volunteersarealsoplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinenvironmentalprotection,disabilityassistanceandmanyotherfields.在中国,志愿者在环境保护、残疾人救助及许多其他领域也正发挥着越来越重要的作用。7assistancen.帮助,援助搭配:cometoone’sassistance来帮助某人 withtheassistanceof在……的帮助下;借助于……CanIbeofanyassistance,madam?这位女士,我可以帮上什么忙吗?Duringmysecretary’sabsence,shecametomyassistance.我的秘书不在时,她来帮助了我。Withtheassistanceofmyfriend,Igraduallyadjustedtothenewschool.在朋友的帮助下,我逐渐适应了新学校。[词汇复现]【单词积累】assistv.帮助,协助
assistantn.助手assistsb.in/withsth.=assistsb.indoingsth.帮助某人做某事Youwillbeexpectedtoassisttheeditorwiththeselectionofillustrationsforthebook.希望你能帮助编辑为本书挑选插图。单句语法填空(1)Withthe
(assist)ofthesocialmedia,wecangettheinformationweneedmorequickly.(2)Artificialintelligencehasbecomeabrilliant
(assist)inourdailywork.(3)Heoftenassistshismother
house-workwhenheisathome. (4)Whenhewasincollege,heoftenassistedhisprofessorin
(collect)thedataoftheexperiment.完成句子(5)Whenayoungmannoticedthatagirlcouldn’tgethercatoffthetree,he_____________________
(来帮她).(6)[词汇复现]
(在……的帮助下)hisfriends,theproblemwasresolvedeventually.
assistance
assistant
with
collecting
cametoherassistance
Withtheassistanceof
教材原句p.19Areferencefromsomeonewhoknowsyouforconfirmation一份认识你的人的推荐信以作证实8
confirmation
n.证实,证明;确认函Therehasstillbeennoofficialconfirmationofthereport.这则报道仍未得到官方证实。Thereisnoformalconfirmationsofarthatheisatliberty.目前还没有正式确认他已经获得人身自由。Wewillsendyouwrittenconfirmationofouroffershortly.我们很快会给您寄去我们的书面报价确认函。【单词积累】confirmv.证明,证实;确认 confirmthat...确认……;证实…… 单句语法填空(1)I’mstillwaitingfor
(confirm)ofthetestresults.(2)Iamcalling
(confirm)myflighttoHangzhouat8o’clocktomorrow.(3)Flightsshould
(confirm)48hoursbeforedeparture.confirmation
toconfirm
beconfirmed重点句式教材原句p.17AsinthewordswhichwerespokenbyRyan,weneedtonotonlydonatemoneybutalsogetnewideas.正如瑞安所说,我们不仅需要捐款,而且需要获得新的想法。notonly...butalso...不但……而且……notonly...butalso...是并列连词,连接两个对等的成分,如主语、谓语、宾语、表语、状语等,还可连接两个分句。Notonlysomestudentsbutalsotheteacherlikesthispainting.不仅是一些学生,老师也喜欢这幅画。Onlythendidheknowthatsmokingwasnotonlyharmfultohimselfbutalsotoothers.直到那时他才知道,吸烟于人于己都有害。【学法点拨】(1)notonly...butalso...连接两个主语时,强调的是后面的主语,谓语动词应和后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致,即遵循“就近原则”。谓语动词遵循“就近原则”的结构还有neither...nor...(既不……也不……),either...or...(要么……要么……),not...but...(不是……而是……)。(2)notonly...butalso...连接两个分句且notonly位于句首时,notonly后的分句要用部分倒装语序,但butalso后的分句不倒装,即“前倒后不倒”。Notonlydidheturnuplate,buthealsoforgothisbooks.他不但迟到了,还忘了带书。单句语法填空(1)Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacher
(compete)inthesportseventatthemoment.(2)Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents
(be)toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.(3)[词汇复现]NotonlyyouandIbutalsoPeter,thetopstudentinourschool,_______
(be)unabletoresolvetheproblem.(4)Notonlymysisterbutalsomyparents
(like)thisTVplay.(5)Notonly
(do)thesungiveuslight,butitalsogivesusheat.同义句转换(6)MarynotonlyspeaksFrenchbutalsoknowshowtotype.→
,butshealsoknowshowtotype.iscompeting
is
is
likedoes
NotonlydoesMaryspeakFrench
单元语法过去分词作定语1过去分词作定语的概念及位置过去分词作定语,相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词或代词,它所修饰的名词、代词与之构成被动关系。单个的过去分词作定语时,常放在被修饰词之前;过去分词短语作定语时,常放在被修饰词之后。Herjobwastotakecareofthewoundedsoldier.她的工作就是照料这个受伤的士兵。Thecarstolenlastweekwaslaterfoundneartheriver.上周被盗的那辆汽车后来在河附近找到了。【学法点拨】(1)个别单个的过去分词,如shown,adopted,left,given,involved,wanted,gained,concerned,provided等作定语时习惯后置。Aftercompletingandsigningit,pleasereturntheformtousintheenvelopeprovided.填完表格并且签名之后,请把表格放入我们提供的信封内送回。(2)过去分词修饰something,everything,anything,nothing,nobody等不定代词或指示代词those时必须后置。Jimsoldmostofhisthings.Hehashardlyanythingleftinthehouse.吉姆卖了他的大部分东西。他没剩什么在房子里了。单句语法填空(1)Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution,I’dlikeyoutolookatastudy____________
(conduct)inAustraliain2012.(2)Theymightjusthaveaplace
(leave)onthewritingcourse.(3)Theproducercomesregularlytocollectthecameras
(return)toourshopforqualityproblems.(4)Isthereanything
(plan)fortonight?完成句子(5)The
(尴尬的父亲)stoodtheresayingnothing.(6)Theproblem
(会议上被提及的)needsconsidering.conducted
left
returned
planned
embarrassedfather
mentionedatthemeeting 2过去分词作定语表示的意义及物动词的过去分词作定语,表示被动和完成。不及物动词的过去分词作定语没有被动意义,只表示完成。Thereisanotepinnedtothedoorsayingwhentheshopwillopenagain.在门上钉着的那个便条的内容是这家商店何时再开张。(表示被动、完成)Anoticewasputupinordertoremindthestudentsofthechangedlecturetime.张贴了一张通告,以提醒学生们讲座时间的变化。(表示完成)boiledwater=waterthathasboiled开(过的)水thefallenleaves=theleavesthathavefallen落叶
【误区警示】(1)某些表示人的情绪变化的动词,如interest,bore,worry,frighten,surprise等,通常用系表结构表示状态,其过去分词大多已转化为形容词,因此,作定语时表示的是状态而不是被动含义,意为“感到……的”。Thefrightenedbabykeptcrying.受到惊吓的婴儿不停地哭泣。Fromhisdisappointedlook,Iknowhedidn’tpasstheexamination.从他的失望表情看,我知道他没有通过考试。(2)这类动词有两种形容词形式:-ing形式和-ed形式,要注意它们的区别。asurprisingresult一个令人吃惊的结果thesurprisedboy那个感到惊讶的男孩thedisappointingnews令人失望的消息
单句语法填空(1)They’dliketorenta
(furnish)house.(2)Thewashingmachines
(make)inourfactoryareofhighquality.(3)
(improve)railwaytransportisessentialforbusiness.(4)Hismotherisa
(retire)teacherandsheisverypatientwithchildren.(5)Thegardenerbegantopileup
(fall)leaves.(6)Therewasa
(satisfy)expressiononherface.Clearly,theemployeeleftagoodimpression
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