四川省西昌市天立教育集团等2023-2024学年高二下学期开学联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1四川省西昌市天立教育集团等2023-2024学年高二下学期开学联考英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASummerArtClassesAfro-AtlanticHistories(Ages9—12)StudentswillexplorestorytellingthroughartworksintheexhibitionAfro-AtlanticHistoriesandwillhighlightmomentsoftheirlivesthroughtheirownartisticcreations.TaughtbyartistFernandoIsaiGarcia,thisprogramwilltakeplaceindoors,June12—16.Art&Ecology—OurFriendsthePlants(Ages6—8)Explorethefantasticworldofplants!Let’slookathowartistshave“used”plants,andbeeninspiredbytheircolorsandshapes.Combineart,andsciencetolearnaboutplants.TaughtbyartistBeatrizJaramillo,thisprogramwilltakeplaceoutdoors,July10—14.MakingComics(Ages10—14)We’llview,discuss,andsketch(给……画素描)artworkstolearnaboutdifferentaspectsofvisualstorytelling,andthen,inthestudio,we’llcontinuetolearnaboutstorytellingwhilemakingourowncomics.Weknowyou’vegotastorytotell!TaughtbyartistShannonGreen,thisprogramwilltakeplaceindoors,July17—21.ArtinAction(Ages5andunder)Childrenwillmakeartwithafocusontheprocessasmuchastheresults.We’llexplorebubbleprints(泡泡印画)andblowpainting.Comereadyforanexperiencethatwillblowyourartisticmind!TaughtbyartistKatieLipsitt,thisprogramwilltakeplaceindoors,July31—August4.1.Whenwilltheoutdoorprogramtakeplace?A.June12—16. B.July17—21. C.July10—14. D.July31—August4.2.Whichclassissuitablefora13-year-oldteen?A.MakingComics. B.ArtinAction.C.Afro-AtlanticHistories. D.Art&Ecology—OurFriendsthePlants.3.WhatisKatieLipsittexpertat?A.Usingplantstocreateart. B.Visualstorytelling.C.Sketchingartworks. D.Blowpainting.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了四个暑期艺术项目。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Art&Ecology—OurFriendsthePlants中“TaughtbyartistBeatrizJaramillo,thisprogramwilltakeplaceoutdoors,July10—14.(由艺术家BeatrizJaramillo教授，该项目将于7月10日至14日在户外举行)”可知，“艺术与生态——我们的植物朋友”这个项目在户外进行，时间是7月10日至14日。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据MakingComics中“Ages10—14(10至14岁)”可知，“制作漫画”这个项目适合13岁的青少年。故选A项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据ArtinAction中“We’llexplorebubbleprints(泡泡印画)andblowpainting.(我们将探索泡泡印画和吹画)”和“TaughtbyartistKatieLipsitt,thisprogramwilltakeplaceindoors,July31—August4.(由艺术家KatieLipsitt教授，该项目将于7月31日至8月4日在室内进行)”可知，KatieLipsitt擅长的是吹画。故选D项。BDeliveryworkerswillfinallybeabletochargetheirelectricbicycles—andthemselves—atnewstationscreatedoutofrepurposednewsstandsinNewYorkCity,Senator(参议员)ChuckSchumerannouncedonMonday.Therepurposednewsstands,thefirstoftheirkindinthenation,willfeaturechargingstationssafefore-bikebatteries,bikeparking,andaplacefordeliveryworkerstorestorrideoutbadweather.“You’vebeenridingthisbikealongtime.Youneedabreak.Maybeyou’vegottomakeaphonecall.Maybeyouhavetotakecareofyourpersonalneeds,anyofthesethings,”Schumersaid.“They’reconstantlyoutonthestreet,noplacetorest,nosheltertoprotectthem—imagineit’spouringrain,orevensnowandyoustillgottodothis,”hesaid.“Andsowe’regoingtotakeunderutilized(未利用的)publicspaceonourstreetslikethisnewsstandrightbehindus.Verysimple.”Andthestations,whichwillbedesignedbyManuelMansylla,willnotcontainbathrooms—whichwereonceaflashpoint(焦点)fordeliveryworkerswhowerebannedfromusingtherestroomsatsomeoftheveryrestaurantsfromwhichtheyweredeliveringfood.Butthankstonewcitylawsthatwentintoeffectatthestartofthisyear,includingrequiringrestaurantstoallowdeliveryworkerstousetheirrestrooms,that’sthankfullynotthemainconcernanymore,saidGustavoAjche,adeliveryworker.“Thebathroomisdifferent.There’snoproblemwiththatanymorewhatweneedhereismoreparkingspaces,”hesaid.Noteveryonelovestheideaofnewsstandsbeingrepurposedfore-bikechargingstations.“Aftercarchargersonthesidewalk,thisisanotherfacilityofthecitytakingpedestrian(行人)spacetocreatechargingstations,”saidChristineBerthetofCHEKPEDS,thepedestrianadvocacygroupthathaslongcalledforthecreationofmorepublicspaceforpedestrians.4.Whatservicecandeliveryworkersexpectfromtherepurposednewsstands?A.Chargingtheirphones. B.Sellingtheme-bikebatteries.C.Repairingtheirbikes. D.Offeringthemshelter.5.WhatdoSchumer’swordsinparagraph3highlightabouttherepurposednewsstands?A.Theyareunderutilized. B.Theyarenecessary.C.Theyaresimpletoconstruct. D.Theyaregainingpopularity.6.Howdothenewcitylawsissuedthisyearaffectdeliveryworkers?A.Theygetmoreparkingspaces. B.Theycanusecarchargersonthesidewalk.C.Theycanuserestaurantbathrooms. D.Theygetextrapayforworkinginbadweather.7.WhatisBerthet’sattitudetowardtherepurposednewsstands?A.Critical. B.Unclear. C.Tolerant. D.Favorable.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了纽约市将重新改造报刊亭，为外卖员提供安全充电、停车和休息的场所，营造更好的工作环境。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Therepurposednewsstands,thefirstoftheirkindinthenation,willfeaturechargingstationssafefore-bikebatteries,bikeparking,andaplacefordeliveryworkerstorestorrideoutbadweather.(这些经过改造的报刊亭是全国首个此类报刊亭，将设有电动自行车电池安全充电站、自行车停车场，以及外卖员休息或度过恶劣天气的地方)”可知，外卖员可以期待改造后的报刊亭为他们提供庇护。故选D项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中Schumer所说的话“You’vebeenridingthisbikealongtime.Youneedabreak.Maybeyou’vegottomakeaphonecall.Maybeyouhavetotakecareofyourpersonalneeds,anyofthesethings(你骑这车很久了。你需要休息一下。也许你得打个电话。也许你需要照顾好自己的个人需求，诸如此类的事情)”和“They’reconstantlyoutonthestreet,noplacetorest,nosheltertoprotectthem—imagineit’spouringrain,orevensnowandyoustillgottodothis(他们经常在街上，没有地方休息，没有庇护所保护他们——想象一下，下着倾盆大雨，甚至下雪，你仍然要这样工作)”可知，Schumer认为外卖员的工作环境并不理想，没有可以满足个人需求的庇护空间，非常辛苦。因此，他是在强调改造报刊亭的必要性。故选B项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Butthankstonewcitylawsthatwentintoeffectatthestartofthisyear,includingrequiringrestaurantstoallowdeliveryworkerstousetheirrestrooms(但由于今年年初生效的新城市法，包括要求餐馆允许外卖员使用他们的洗手间)”可知，今年生效的新城市法使得外卖员可以使用餐馆的洗手间。故选C项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Aftercarchargersonthesidewalk,thisisanotherfacilityofthecitytakingpedestrian(行人)spacetocreatechargingstations,”saidChristineBerthetofCHEKPEDS,thepedestrianadvocacygroupthathaslongcalledforthecreationofmorepublicspaceforpedestrians.(“继人行道上的汽车充电器之后，这是这座城市利用行人空间建造充电站的又一项设施，”行人权益倡导组织CHEKPEDS的ChristineBerthet说，该组织长期以来一直呼吁为行人创造更多的公共空间)”可知，Berthet参与的是呼吁为行人创造更多的公共空间的组织，他认为改造后的报刊亭夺走了城市中行人的空间。由此可知，他对此持批评的态度。故选A项。CEveryyear,thousandsofK-12studentsvisittheUniversityofGeorgia(UGA)throughtheExperienceUGAprogram.HostingthesestudentsismadepossiblebytheExperienceUGAambassadors(大使),ateamofUGAstudentstrainedtosupporttheprogram.Theyhelpcreateandsupportthefieldtripsandintroduceschoolchildrentocollegewithinteractiveandeducationalvisitsthataregrade-levelspecific.Forexample,everysecondgradegrouptourstheRamseyStudentCentertolearnabouthealth-relatedtopics,andallseventhgradersexploreUGArdentolearnaboutnutritionandagriculture.“EachyearIrealizetheimpactI’mmakingonstudents,”saidLeslieOroyemi,whoisbeginningherthirdyearasanExperienceUGAambassador.“Ilovereachingyoungerpopulationsandengagingwiththem.It’snicetoseethemgrowanddiscoverdifferentinterests.”ThiswasthefirstyearthatOroyemihasbeenanambassadorforsecondgradetrips,andshesaidithasbecomeherfavorite.Herfavoritepartofthedayisteachingsecondgradershoweasilygerms(病菌)spreadthroughagameoftag(捉人游戏)—thosewith“germs”havechalkontheirhandsandgoaroundtryingtotouchand“infect”others.Thekidsthenlearnhowimportanthandwashingistopreventthespreadofgerms.CamilleHolcombisbeginninghersecondyearasanambassador.Shesaidworkingwithdifferentagesmeansconnectingwiththemdifferently.Thesecondgradersareexcitedabouteverything,whiletheseventhgradersaremorereserved(保守的).Holcomblearnedthatconnectingwiththeolderstudentsworksbestinbetweentheactivities—beingpersonableandaskingquestionswhilewalkingaroundcampus.Holcombalsolearnedthatsomefriendlycompetitionhelpsengagethemorereservedstudents.“Eachambassadorisveryferventaboutgivingbacktothecommunityandholdsaspecialskillthatcontributestocreatingawonderfulexperienceforstudentsduringeachgradeleveltrip,”saidAiyanaEgins,coordinatorofExperienceUGA.“Ilookforwardtoseeingtheimpacttheywillhaveonstudentsthisyear.”8.WhatdotheambassadorsdoforK-12students?A.ConvincethemtojointheUGAprogram. B.Organizeeducationalvisitsforthem.C.Showthemaroundfamouscolleges. D.EncouragethemtoapplytoUGA.9.WhatimpressedOroyemimostasanambassadorforsecondgraders?A.Thekids’interestinhealth-relatedtopics. B.Thewidevarietyoffieldtrips.C.Thekids’richknowledgeaboutgerms. D.Theinteractivegameoftag.10.WhatdoesHolcombemphasizeaboutherwork?A.Nopains,nogains. B.Everylittlehelps.C.Differentmethodsmatter. D.Easiersaidthandone.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fervent”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Enthusiastic. B.Sensitive. C.Curious. D.Concerned.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了佐治亚大学体验项目的学生大使的工作，他们负责创建和支持实地考察，并通过针对年级的互动和教育访问向学生介绍大学。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Theyhelpcreateandsupportthefieldtripsandintroduceschoolchildrentocollegewithinteractiveandeducationalvisitsthataregrade-levelspecific.(他们帮助创建和支持实地考察，并通过针对年级的互动和教育访问向学生介绍大学)”可知，这些项目大使为K-12学生组织教育访问。故选B项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Herfavoritepartofthedayisteachingsecondgradershoweasilygerms(病菌)spreadthroughagameoftag(捉人游戏)—thosewith“germs”havechalkontheirhandsandgoaroundtryingtotouchand“infect”others.(她一天中最喜欢的部分是通过一个捉人游戏教二年级的学生细菌如何容易传播——那些手上有“细菌”的人手上有粉笔，四处走动，试图触摸和“感染”别人)”可知，作为二年级学生大使，Oroyemi印象最深的是互动性的“捉人游戏”。故选D项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Shesaidworkingwithdifferentagesmeansconnectingwiththemdifferently.Thesecondgradersareexcitedabouteverything,whiletheseventhgradersaremorereserved(保守的).Holcomblearnedthatconnectingwiththeolderstudentsworksbestinbetweentheactivities—beingpersonableandaskingquestionswhilewalkingaroundcampus.Holcombalsolearnedthatsomefriendlycompetitionhelpsengagethemorereservedstudents.(她说，与不同年龄的人一起工作意味着以不同的方式与他们交流。二年级的学生对一切都很兴奋，而七年级的学生则比较内向。Holcomb发现，在活动间隙与年长的学生交流效果最好——在校园里走动时表现得风度翩翩，多提问。Holcomb还了解到，一些友好的竞争有助于吸引更内向的学生)”可知，Holcomb认为在这份工作中需采用不同的方式与不同年龄的人交流，对七年级相对内向的学生来说，在活动间隙交流、开展友好的竞争效果更好。由此可知，不同的方法很重要。故选C项。【11题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“givingbacktothecommunityandholdsaspecialskillthatcontributestocreatingawonderfulexperienceforstudentsduringeachgradeleveltrip(回馈社会，并拥有一项特殊技能，有助于在每个年级的旅行中为学生创造美好的体验)”可知，AiyanaEgins是在评价这些项目大使的工作情况，再结合第二段中LeslieOroyemi所说的话“Ilovereachingyoungerpopulationsandengagingwiththem.It’snicetoseethemgrowanddiscoverdifferentinterests.(我喜欢接触年轻人群并与他们互动。很高兴看到他们成长并发现不同的兴趣)”可推知，这些大使是“热衷于”回馈社会的，画线词意思应该是“热情的，热心的”，与Enthusiastic意思一致。故选A项。DThecottonharvestisabouttogetunderwayintheTexasHighPlains,thewindsweptregionthatgrowsmostofthecropinthenation’stopcotton-producingstate.ButBarryEvans,athird-generationcottongrower,hasalreadywalkedawayfrommorethan2,000acres(英亩)ofhisbone-dryfields.“Itjustdidn’tcomeup.Wehardlyhadanything,”saidEvans.Extremeheatandalackofrainfallhaveseverelydamagedmuchofthisyear’scottonharvestintheU.S.,whichproducesabout35%oftheworld’scrop.TheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture(USDA)forecastthatmorethan40%ofwhatU.S.farmersplantedinthespringwouldbeabandonedbecauseofdrought.Nowhereisthismoreapparentthantheflat,drystretchofTexas.TheUSDAsaysTexascottonfarmersarelikelytoabandonnearly70%oftheirspringplanting.Thathasbeentheworstharvestsince2009.Theregionnormallyreceivesaround18to20inchesofrainperyear,butsawlessthanthreeinchesofrainfromAugustthroughthesummer,asnearlyallofTexasbakedunderdrought.Muchofthecottongrownintheregionneedsrain.Eventhosewithirrigated(灌溉的)fieldsareexpectinglowyields(产量)thisyear.ThelossesincottoncouldcosttheTexasHighPlains$1.2billionafterfarmersreceivefederal(联邦的)cropinsurancepayments,estimatesDarrenHudson,directoroftheInternationalCenterforAgriculturalCompetitivenessatTexasTechUniversity.Thatleavesoutotherswhodependonthecrop,suchascottongins(轧棉机)andstorehouses.“Anytimeyouhaveabadyearincotton,ithasaroletoplayintheoveralleconomy,”Hudsonsaid.Fortunately,mostcottonfarmersinthispartofTexasplantousecottonseedvarietiesthatcanresistdrought.Varietiesarecontinuouslydevelopedandwillbeadjustedtogeneratehighyieldsifdryconditionscontinue.“Eventhoughit’sdroughtresistant,”Hudsonadded,“westillhavetohavealittlebitofhelpfromMotherNature.”12.Whatarethestatisticsinparagraph2mainlyabout?A.TheimpactofextremeweatheronU.S.farmers.B.Theworld’scottondistribution.C.USDA’smeasurestoaddressdrought.D.TheamountofU.S.cottonharvestin2009.13.WhatdoesHudsonstressinparagraph4?A.Texasisunfriendlytocottonfarmers. B.CottonisvitaltotheAmericaneconomy.C.FarmersdependmuchonMotherNature. D.Cottonginsareunaffectedbycottonlosses.14.Whatwillcottonfarmersmostlikelydonext?A.Buildeffectiveirrigationsystems. B.Applyforfederalcropinsurance.C.Switchtogrowingadifferentcrop. D.Usefurtherimprovedcottonseeds.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Droughtpushescottonpricestoanewhigh. B.Theworld’scottonsupplykeepsfalling.C.Texascottontakesahitduringdrought. D.Droughtimpactsthequalityofcotton.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了德克萨斯州高平原地区的棉花收成受到了极端高温和降雨不足的严重影响，干旱导致大部分棉农面临低产甚至放弃农作物的困境，这是自2009年以来最差的收成，造成了巨大的经济损失。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“TheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture(USDA)forecastthatmorethan40%ofwhatU.S.farmersplantedinthespringwouldbeabandonedbecauseofdrought.Nowhereisthismoreapparentthantheflat,drystretchofTexas.TheUSDAsaysTexascottonfarmersarelikelytoabandonnearly70%oftheirspringplanting.(美国农业部USDA预测，由于干旱，美国农民在春季种植的作物中有40%以上将被放弃。这一点在德克萨斯州平坦干燥的地区表现得最为明显。美国农业部表示，德克萨斯州棉农可能会放弃近70%的春季种植。)”可知，本段的数据反映了干旱造成大量作物被放弃，尤其是德克萨斯州的棉花。由此可知，这些数据展示了极端天气对美国农民的影响。故选A项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“ThelossesincottoncouldcosttheTexasHighPlains$1.2billionafterfarmersreceivefederal(联邦的)cropinsurancepayments(在农民获得联邦农作物保险赔付后，棉花的损失可能使德克萨斯高平原地区损失12亿美元)”和“Thatleavesoutotherswhodependonthecrop,suchascottongins(轧棉机)andstorehouses.“Anytimeyouhaveabadyearincotton,ithasaroletoplayintheoveralleconomy,”Hudsonsaid.(这不包括其他依赖棉花生产的企业，比如轧棉机和棉花仓库。Hudson说：“任何时候棉花收成不好，都会对整体经济产生影响。”)”可知，Hudson表示仅棉花本身造成的经济损失就非常大，而且这会影响其他相关产业，以及整体经济。由此可知，他在强调棉花对美国经济至关重要。故选B项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Fortunately,mostcottonfarmersinthispartofTexasplantousecottonseedvarietiesthatcanresistdrought.Varietiesarecontinuouslydevelopedandwillbeadjustedtogeneratehighyieldsifdryconditionscontinue.(幸运的是，德克萨斯州这一地区的大多数棉农计划使用抗旱的棉花种子品种。品种不断发展，如果干旱情况继续，还将调整，以生产高产量)”可知，棉农接下来很可能使用进一步改良的棉花籽。故选D项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“Extremeheatandalackofrainfallhaveseverelydamagedmuchofthisyear’scottonharvestintheU.S.(极端高温和降雨不足严重破坏了美国今年的大部分棉花收成)”可知，文章报道了德克萨斯州高平原地区的棉花收成受到了极端高温和降雨不足的严重影响，干旱导致大部分棉农面临低产甚至放弃农作物的困境，这是自2009年以来最差的收成，造成了巨大的经济损失。因此，C项“德克萨斯州的棉花在干旱期间受到打击”契合文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Despitedemonstratingaloveofthewrittenword,manyreaderstendtodevotemostoftheirtimetoconsumingbooksinoneortwospecificgenres(体裁).Ofcourse,youwanttoreadbooksthatbringyoujoy,butit’swellworthaddingsomevarietytoyourreadinglist.____16____Youcanimproveyourvocabulary.Whenyoureadawidevarietyofbooks,it’snotuncommontocomeacrossunfamiliarwordsandphrases.Sometimesyoucangetenoughcontextfromthesentencetounderstandthemeaning;othertimesyou’llneedtoconsultadictionaryforclarification.____17____Youcandiscoveranewfavoritegenre.Youundoubtedlyhaveafavoritegenreortwonow,butwhatifyou’remissingoutonothersbecauseyou’renotaddinganyvarietytoyourreadinglist?____18____However,byvaryingyourreadingmaterial,youcouldendupenjoyingaparticulartypeofbookjustasmuchasothersyoureadonaregularbasis.____19____Whenyouaddawideselectionoftitlestoyourreadinglist,youcanstarttoseepeople,places,andhistoricaleventsinanewperspective.Forexample,readinganonfictionbookaboutagroupofpeopleinanothercountrycanhaveagreaterunderstandingofculturesunlikeyourown.Youcangetinspirationfromsurprisingplaces.It’samazinghowexpandingyourreadinglistcanprovideyouwithinspirationwhenyouneeditmost.Ofcourse,somegenresaremeanttoprovideencouragement,motivation,andsupport,suchasself-helpbooksandMemoirs(回忆录).____20____They’reabletodosonevertheless.Bypickingupabookfromagenreyouwouldn’tnormallyread,youmaybemotivatedtofinallywriteyourownnovel,traveltoafarawayplace,orevenjusttakeupanewhobby.A.Youcanknowmanynewpeople.B.Youcandevelopabroaderoutlook.C.Therearemanybenefitsofreadingdifferentgenres.D.Havingacomprehensivevocabularyservesyouwell.E.Others,however,aren’tdesignedspecificallytoinspirereaders.F.Eitherway,you’reabletostorethedefinitioninyourmindforlateruse.G.Sure,you’lllikelyfindthatnoteverygenreisyourcupoftea-andthat’sokay.【答案】16.C17.F18.G19.B20.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了读不同体裁的书的好处。【16题详析】根据空前内容“Ofcourse,youwanttoreadbooksthatbringyoujoy,butit’swellworthaddingsomevarietytoyourreadinglist.(当然，你想读能给你带来快乐的书，但在你的阅读清单上增加一些种类是很值得的。)”可知，作者建议我们多读一些种类的书籍。选项C“Therearemanybenefitsofreadingdifferentgenres.(读不同体裁的书有很多好处。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是读许多体裁的书会有很多好处。故选C。【17题详析】根据上文内容“Whenyoureadawidevarietyofbooks,it’snotuncommontocomeacrossunfamiliarwordsandphrases.Sometimesyoucangetenoughcontextfromthesentencetounderstandthemeaning;othertimesyou’llneedtoconsultadictionaryforclarification.(当你阅读各种各样的书籍时，遇到不熟悉的单词和短语并不罕见。有时你可以从句子中获得足够的上下文来理解意思；有时你需要查字典来解释。)”可知，我们在阅读的时候会遇到不熟悉的词句，此时我们要么就通过上下文理解意思，要么通过查字典来了解不熟悉的词句。选项F“Eitherway,you’reabletostorethedefinitioninyourmindforlateruse.(无论哪种方式，你都可以将定义存储在你的脑海中，以备以后使用。)”延续上文内容，指的是不管是通过上下文理解词句还是通过查字典了解词句，都可以让我们扩大词汇量。故选F。【18题详析】根据上文“Youundoubtedlyhaveafavoritegenreortwonow,butwhatifyou’remissingoutonothersbecauseyou’renotaddinganyvarietytoyourreadinglist?(毫无疑问，你现在有一两个最喜欢的类型，但如果因为你没有在你的阅读清单上增加任何种类，你错过了其他类型呢？)”可知，上文鼓励我们在阅读清单上增加一些种类。选项G“Sure,you’lllikelyfindthatnoteverygenreisyourcupoftea-andthat’sokay.(当然，你可能会发现并不是每一种类型的书籍都是你的菜——这没关系。)”延续上文内容，指的是我们可以在阅读清单上增加一些类型，哪怕发现不是每种类型的书籍都是我们所喜欢的也没关系。故选G。【19题详析】空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Whenyouaddawideselectionoftitlestoyourreadinglist,youcanstarttoseepeople,places,andhistoricaleventsinanewperspective.Forexample,readinganonfictionbookaboutagroupofpeopleinanothercountrycanhaveagreaterunderstandingofculturesunlikeyourown.(当你在你的阅读清单中添加了广泛的选择时，你可以开始以新的视角看待人物、地点和历史事件。例如，阅读一本关于另一个国家的一群人的非小说类书籍，可以更好地了解与你自己不同的文化。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是在自己的阅读清单中增加一些选择的话会让我们从全新的角度看待世界。选项B“Youcandevelopabroaderoutlook.(你可以开拓更广阔的视野。)”正是本段主要内容，指的是通过阅读各种体裁的书籍，我们可以拥有更广阔的视野。故选B。【20题详析】根据空前的“Ofcourse,somegenresaremeanttoprovideencouragement,motivation,andsupport,suchasself-helpbooksandMemoirs(回忆录).(当然，有些类型是为了提供鼓励、激励和支持，比如自助书籍和回忆录。)”可知，有些书籍是为了激励读者而写的。选项E“Others,however,aren’tdesignedspecificallytoinspirereaders.(然而，有些书并不是专门为激励读者而设计的。)”中的“others”与上文的“some”保持一致，讲述的是还有些书并不是为了激励读者而写的，同时与空后内容“They’reabletodosonevertheless.(尽管如此，它们还是能够这样做。)”保持一致，指的是尽管这些书不是为了激励读者而写，但是还是可以达到这样的效果。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LastDecemberIwasinvitedtoaninterviewforStructuralRepairEngineeratAirbus.Iwantedtomakethebestofthis____21____.Itwastimetotakemyfirstroundofinterviews.They____22____toaskingquestions.Surprisingly,noquestionswerefromanyofthoseconceptsI’dprepared.Theyaskedme____23____questionsbasedonmyexperience.Theinterviewwasso____24____.Inadditiontothis,oneoftheinterviewerswasstayinginthebuildingrightnexttotheoneinwhichIwaslivingandhe____25____me.EverythingwentsowellthatIfeltthejobwouldbemine.Asexpected,theycalledmeandaskedformy____26____expectationsandIsaid$50,000ayear.Theyalsoaskedmeto____27____mypastthreemonths’payslips(工资单)beforeattendingthenextinterview.I____28____andaftertendaysIreceivedthosedocuments.Thatwaswhenthecallformysecondroundofinterviews____29____.ThisroundalsowentwellandIwasexpectinga(n)____30____reply.Theysaidwithinthreedaysthey’dletmeknowtheresult.Tendayspassed;Ifeltsadand____31____.IwasthinkingifIdidn’tgetthisjob,Iwouldn’thaveanymorestrengthto____32____againwhenmycellphonerangsuddenly.A(n)____33____awaitedmiracle(奇迹)happened;thecallwasfromAirbusHR.Themanagersaid,“____34____!You’vegotthejob.We’vedecidedtogiveyou$80,000…”Hurray!Allthewaitwas____35____!21.A.choice B.repair C.opportunity D.mission22.A.setoff B.gotdown C.setout D.goton23.A.practical B.tricky C.reliable D.strange24.A.tiresome B.popular C.useful D.easy25.A.mentioned B.recognized C.followed D.satisfied26.A.salary B.accommodation C.welfare D.career27.A.write B.submit C.finish D.reserve28.A.continued B.appealed C.applied D.refused29.A.failed B.changed C.slipped D.came30.A.positive B.interesting C.correct D.amusing31.A.ashamed B.annoyed C.lost D.shocked32.A.escape B.ask C.relax D.try33.A.occasionally B.highly C.poorly D.instantly34.A.Congratulations B.Help C.Cheers D.Sorry35.A.similar B.worthwhile C.fortunate D.long【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.B26.A27.B28.C29.D30.A31.C32.D33.B34.A35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者两轮面试并最终得到这份工作的经历。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想充分利用这次机会。A.choice选择；B.repair修理；C.opportunity机会；D.mission任务。根据上文“LastDecemberIwasinvitedtoaninterviewforStructuralRepairEngineeratAirbus.(去年12月，我被邀请参加空客公司结构维修工程师的面试)”可知，作者被邀请参加面试，想充分利用这次机会，故选C。【22题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们开始问问题。A.setoff动身，出发；B.gotdown开始，着手；C.setout动身，启程；D.goton和睦相处。根据下文“Surprisingly,noquestionswerefromanyofthoseconceptsI’dprepared.(令人惊讶的是，没有一个问题来自我准备的那些概念)”可知，此处指他们开始问问题，getdowntodoingsth“开始做某事”，故选B。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们根据我的经历问了我一些实际的问题。A.practical实际的；B.tricky难对付的；C.reliable可靠的；D.strange奇怪的。根据“basedonmyexperience”可知，此处指问的是基于自身经历的实际问题，故选A。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：面试如此简单。A.tiresome讨厌的；B.popular流行的；C.useful有用的；D.easy简单的。根据上文“Theyaskedme________questionsbasedonmyexperience.”和下文“Everythingwentsowell”可知，作者认为面试很简单，故选D。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：除此之外，有一个面试官就住在我住的隔壁，他认出了我。A.mentioned提到；B.recognized辨认出；C.followed跟随；D.satisfied使满意。根据“oneoftheinterviewerswasstayinginthebuildingrightnexttotheoneinwhichIwasliving”可知，此处指面试官认出了作者，故选B。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不出所料，他们给我打电话，问我对薪水的期望，我说每年5万美元。A.salary薪水；B.accommodation住宿；C.welfare福利；D.career事业。根据“andIsaid$50,000ayear”可知，面试官问作者对薪水的期望，故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们还要求我在参加下次面试前提交过去三个月的工资单。A.write写；B.submit提交；C.finish完成；D.reserve保留。结合上文“askedformy________expectations”以及下文“beforeattendingthenextinterview”可知，面试官询问作者对薪水的期望，并让作者在下次面试前提交过去三个月的工资单，故选B。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我申请了，十天后我收到了那些文件。A.continued继续；B.appealed上诉，呼吁；C.applied申请，应用；D.refused拒绝。根据“aftertendaysIreceivedthosedocuments”可知，作者申请过去三个月的工资单，十天后拿到了相关文件，故选C。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我接到了第二轮面试的电话。A.failed失败；B.changed改变；C.slipped滑倒；D.came来。根据下文“Thisroundalsowentwell”可知，第二轮面试的电话到来了，故选D。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一轮也很顺利，我期待着一个积极的答复。A.positive积极的；B.interesting有趣的；C.correct正确的；D.amusing有趣的，好笑的。根据“Thisroundalsowentwell”可知，两轮面试都很顺利，故作者期待着一个积极的答复，故选A。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：十天过去了；我感到悲伤和失落。A.ashamed惭愧的；B.annoyed恼怒的；C.lost迷失的，不知所措的；D.shocked震惊的。空处和“sad”并列，结合下文“IwasthinkingifIdidn’tgetthisjob(我在想如果我得不到这份工作)”可知，约定的时间到了，但是作者没有得到答复，故应是感到悲伤、失落，故选C。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正在想如果我没有得到这份工作，我就没有力气再试一次了，这时我的手机突然响了。A.escape逃跑；B.ask询问；C.relax使放松；D.try尝试。根据前文“ifIdidn’tgetthisjob”以及空后的“again”可知，此处指如果得不到这份工作，没有力气再去尝试找另一份，故选D。【33题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一个很期待的奇迹发生了；电话是Airbus人力资源部打来的。A.occasionally偶尔；B.highly很，非常；C.poorly糟糕地；D.instantly立即。根据上文“Iwasexpectinga(n)________reply”以及提到作者感到伤心、失落等可知，作者很期待面试结果的电话，故选B。【34题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：经理说：“恭喜你！你得到这份工作了。我们决定给你8万美元……”A.Congratulations祝贺；B.Help救命；C.Cheers干杯；D.Sorry对不起。根据“You’vegotthejob.”可知，经理恭喜作者得到这份工作，故选A。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所有的等待都是值得的。A.similar相似的；B.worthwhile值得的；C.fortunate幸运的；D.long长的。根据上文“You’vegotthejob.We’vedecidedtogiveyou$80,000”可知，作者最终得到了这份工作，故所有的等待都是值得的，故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。PlacedamongthebusystreetsofWashington,D.C.isalargepublicgardenthatmanyAmericanshaveneverheardof.TheU.S.NationalArboretum(植物园)includes___36___collectionoffloweringplantscalledazaleas,afieldofnativeplantsnamedferns,andfloweringtreesinthedogwoodtreearea.Thegarden___37___(establish)byCongressin1927.Itplaysaleadingpartinresearchinganddevelopingplantsliketrees,shrubs,flowers,andgrasses.Governmentscientistsareinchargeofthe180-hectarearea.Theirmaingoalis___38___(strengthen)theU.S.economybymakingsureanimportantkindofagriculture,___39___(call)thenurseryindustry,continuestoperformwell.ThemostrecentnumbersfromtheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture(USDA)showthattheornamentalandlandscapeplantindustrycreatesbillionsoffoundsinsaleseachyear.Thearboretumishometooneofthe___40___(large)collectionsofpreservedseedsintheworld.TheNationalArboretumHerbarium(植物标本)___41___(house)around700,000ex-ampleseeds.TheyincludeseedsfromplantsthattheUSDAconsidersas___42___(economical)important.Scientistscollectmanygeneticallydifferentseedswithinakindofplantfrombothnativeandnon-nativeplants.Thereason___43___collectingthatdatai