广东省三校2024-2025学年高三下学期一轮备考阶段检测（开学）英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省三校2024-2025学年高三下学期一轮备考阶段检测（开学）英语试题第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从给每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThatyourparentsarefootingthebillrightnowdoesn’tmeanyou’relivingfreeofexpense.Asateenager,youmayneedcashfordailyactivities,nottomentionprovidingfuturefundsforcollegeinyourownright.Thechallengeliesinfindingajobthatfitsyourholidayschedule.Here’salistoftoppicksthatmaytickallyourrightboxes.HyreCarOwnerEstimatedpay:$35/dayIfyouliketheideaofAirbnb,HyreCarissimilar,butforcars.HyreCarisanonlineplatformwhereyoucanlistyourcarandrentitouttobackground-checkeddeliveryserviceandridesharedrivers.HyreCarcoversyourvehiclewithupto$1millioncoverageintheeventoftheftorphysicaldamage.ProofreaderEstimatedpay:$38/dayIfyoufeelawkwardwhensomeoneusestheincorrectverbtenseorconfuses“their”and“there”,proofreadingmightbeidealforyou.Proofreaderspolishwrittencontentforbloggers,websiteowners,andmore.WithaccesstotheInternetandalaptop,proofreadingisanexcellentoptionforstay-at-homeparents,students,oranyoneseekingalocation-independentrole.PetSitter&DogWalkerEstimatedpay:$40/dayFindingatrustedpetsitterisessentialfortravelingpetowners.Payvariesbylocation,withhigherearningsinurbanareas.Petownersremainloyaltosittersanddogwalkerstheylike.StartbuildingyourclientbasethroughRover,anonlineplatformconnectingpetownerswithlocalsittersandwalkers.LifeguardEstimatedpay:$15/hourStudleyCastleisseekingpassionatelifeguardstojointhedynamicteam.You’llplayaroleinensuringguestsafetywithamaximumof20hoursperweek.Enjoybenefitssuchasfreegymaccess,discountedfood,andpromotionopportunities.Fulltrainingwillbeprovided.SendyourupdatedCVviaApplyNow.Qualifiedapplicantswillbecontacted.”1.HowdoesHyreCarprovideprotectionforcarowners?A.Byofferingfreemaintenance. B.Byguaranteeingrentalincome.C.Byprovidingmotorinsurance. D.Byassistingwithcardelivery.2.Whichjobcouldpossiblymakethemostmoneyweekly?A.HyreCarowner. B.Proofreader.C.Petsitter&dogwalker. D.Lifeguard.3.Whoistheintendedaudienceofthepassage?A.Teenagersseekingpart-timejobs.B.Collegestudentslookingforinternships.C.Parentsinterestedinfinancialplanningfortheirchildren.D.Adultssearchingforfull-timeemploymentopportunities.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几种工作。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“HyreCarcoversyourvehiclewithupto$1millioncoverageintheeventoftheftorphysicaldamage.(在发生盗窃或物理损坏的情况下，HyreCar为您的车辆提供高达100万美元的保险。)”可知，HyreCar为车主提供汽车保险。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文中“HyreCarOwnerEstimatedpay:35/day(预计薪资：每天35)”、“ProofreaderEstimatedpay:38/day(预计薪资：每天38)”、“PetSitter&DogWalkerEstimatedpay:40/day(预计薪资：每天40)”和“LifeguardEstimatedpay:15/hour(预计薪资：每小时15)”以及“You’llplayaroleinensuringguestsafetywithamaximumof20hoursperweek(你将负责确保客人安全，每周工作时间最多为20小时)”可知，HyreCar车主估计每天35美元，一周七天则是35×7=245美元；校对员估计每天38美元，一周七天则是38×7=266美元；宠物保姆和遛狗员估计每天40美元，一周七天则是40×7=280美元；救生员估计每小时15美元，一周最多工作20小时，则是15×20=300美元，由此可知，救生员每周可能赚最多的钱。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Asateenager,youmayneedcashfordailyactivities,nottomentionprovidingfuturefundsforcollegeinyourownright.Thechallengeliesinfindingajobthatfitsyourholidayschedule.Here’salistoftoppicksthatmaytickallyourrightboxes.(作为青少年，你可能需要现金用于日常活动，更不用说为将来的大学自己提供资金了。挑战在于找到一份适合你假期时间表的工作。以下是一份可能满足你所有要求的首选列表。)”可知，这篇文章的目标读者是寻找兼职工作的青少年。故选A。BA70-year-oldgrandfatherhassuccessfullyrowedaboatunassistedacrosstheentireAtlanticOcean—andhedidn’tdoitforhimself.FrankRothwelldedicatedtheextremefeattohisbrother-in-lawRoger,whodiedofAlzheimer’sdisease(阿尔茨海默病)duringFrank’scrossing.Requiring18monthsofhardtraining,theentiretriptookeightgrueling(艰辛的)weeksforRothwelltotravelfromLaGomeraintheCanaryIslandsonDecember12tothefinishline3000milesawayinAntiguaonFebruary6.“Ilikeachallenge!”explainsFrankonhisfundraisingsite.“In2017,IspentfiveweeksonadesertedislandfortheChannel4program,theIslandwithBearGrylls.Beforethat,Iwasonlythe10thpersonevertocircumnavigateNorthandSouthAmerica.”Inastatement,HilaryEvans,chiefexecutiveofAlzheimer’sResearchUK,said,“We’rehonoredtohavesuchamazingsupportfromFrank.Hiscourageanddeterminationhelpedhimtocompletehisepicchallengeandraise£1millionfordementia(痴呆)research.”“ThisincredibleamountwillbeahugebenefittothegroundbreakingresearchwecarryouthereatAlzheimer’sResearchUK,aswecontinueourmissiontobringaboutlife-changingtreatmentsforpeopleaffectedbydementia,”addedEvans.CrossingthefinishlinewasanemotionalmomentforRothwell.Hesaid,“Iamoncloudnine!IsetoutinDecemberwishingtoraise£1millionforAlzheimer’sResearchUKbutIneverthoughtI’dactuallyachieveit.Attimes,thechallengewasincrediblytough,withroughseas,hugewaves,andmissingmywife,Judith.Butasexhaustingasitwas,itwasalltotallyworthit.”Healsosaid,“Havingreceivedhundredsofmessagesfrompeoplewho,likeme,havewitnessedtheheartbreakofdementia,IamproudtohaveraisedsuchanincredibleamountinhonorofRogerandeveryoneelsewhohasexperiencedthedestructionitcauses.”4.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph1probablymean?A.Fame. B.Career. C.Pressure. D.Achievement.5.WhatwordsbestdescribeRothwell?A.Generousandwise. B.Humorousandpatient.C.Courageousandhelpful. D.Optimisticandcautious.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutRothwellfromhiswords?A.Hefinishedthewholevoyagesmoothly.B.Hehadmixedfeelingsafterthechallenge.C.HereceivedmanymessagesfromAlzheimer’s.D.Hewasproudtoraisethemoneyforhisbrother-in-lawRoger.7.Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthistext?A.People’sEffortstobattlewithDementia.B.OldMan’sSeaCrossingforAlzheimer’s.C.ASpecialCampaignforthePoor’ssupport.D.AGreatVoyageinHonorofMedicalSuccess.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，讲述70岁老人横渡大西洋的故事。【4题详析】词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“A70-year-oldgrandfatherhassuccessfullyrowedaboatunassistedacrosstheentireAtlanticOcean—andhedidn’tdoitforhimself.(一位70岁的老爷爷成功地在无人帮助的情况下划着小船横渡了整个大西洋——而且他并不是为自己而做的。)”可知，FrankRothwell在无人帮助的情况下成功地划船横渡了整个大西洋。结合文章最后一段中的“IamproudtohaveraisedsuchanincredibleamountinhonorofRoger(我很自豪能为罗杰筹到这么多钱)”可知，Rothwell以被阿尔茨海默病夺去生命的Roger和其他人的名义去横渡大西洋，并因此筹到了大量善款，由此推知，这里指他将这一了不起的“成就”献给了因阿尔茨海默症去世的Roger，feat意为“成就”。故选D项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Hiscourageanddeterminationhelpedhimtocompletehisepicchallengeandraise£1millionfordementia(痴呆)research.(他的勇气和决心帮助他完成了史诗般的挑战，并为痴呆症研究筹集了100万英镑。)”可知，Rothwell为了这次的成功，经过了长期的艰苦训练，并且他热爱挑战，由此可以看出他勇气过人乐于助人。故选C。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段“CrossingthefinishlinewasanemotionalmomentforRothwell.Hesaid,“Iamoncloudnine!IsetoutinDecemberwishingtoraise£1millionforAlzheimer’sResearchUKbutIneverthoughtI’dactuallyachieveit.Attimes,thechallengewasincrediblytough,withroughseas,hugewaves,andmissingmywife,Judith.Butasexhaustingasitwas,itwasalltotallyworthit.”(冲过终点线对罗斯威尔来说是一个激动的时刻。他说：“我高兴极了！去年12月，我开始希望为英国阿尔茨海默氏症研究中心筹集100万英镑，但我从未想过我真的能实现这一目标。有时，挑战是难以置信的艰难，伴随着汹涌的大海，巨大的海浪，我想念我的妻子朱迪思。尽管很累，但这一切都是值得的”)”可知，Rothwell对这次挑战有着复杂的情感。故选B。【7题详析】主旨大意题。文章介绍了70岁的弗兰克·罗斯韦尔成功划船横渡大西洋，为阿尔茨海默症的研究筹集100万英镑，体现了老人为阿尔茨海默症患者的努力。故适合的标题为“老人为了阿尔茨海默症横渡大海”。故选B。CForcenturies,Garifuna(加里富纳的)people,alsoknownasGarinaguintheirnativelanguage,havekepttheculture’soralhistoryalivethroughtheirancestors’nativelanguage.Butdecadesofmodernization,casualnative-languagetraininginGarifunaschools,intermarriagebetweencultures,andthelackofconsiderationoflanguagetransmissionbyyoungpeople,collectivelyledtoGarifunabeinglistedontheUNESCOAtlasofEndangeredLanguagesin2001.Thethreatoflanguageextinctionisn’tnew.Somelinguistsestimatealanguagedieseverytwoweeks.Buttherearewaystosaveat-risklanguagesaswell.Thekeyisthatthelanguageneedstobethoughtoflessaspreserved,butindeedpartoftheirpresentandfuture.“ModernGarifunapeopleneedtheactuallanguagetograsptheirancestors’past.Withoutlanguage,culturewillneverbewhole.Ifyou’relosingyourlanguage,you’relosingyourroots,whichwilldestroyalltheancestorshaveworkedon,”AlvinLaredo,aGarifunatourguide,says.ElementsoftheGarifunacultureincludemusic,danceandlanguage.In2001,Garifunamusiciansandculturalactivistscreatedaplan:CreateirresistiblesongssungentirelyinGarifunatocallonyoungGarinagutoacceptthecultureandlearnthelanguage.Palacio,aleaderintheculturalrenaissance,gatheredGarifunamusiciansacrossCentralAmericatoformtheGarifunaCollectivebandin2007.Multipleworldperformancesandinternationalmusicawardslater,thebandputGarifunaontheinternationalmapandlitaculturalflameforGarifunaworldwide.AnothersetofmusicianswasinspiredbyPalacio’smessage.TheyhelpedelementaryandhighschoolsinBelizeteachtheGarifunacultureandlanguagethroughmusic.TheGarifunalanguagerevivaldoeshaveanewandwelcomeboost(推动力):Belize’sGarifunaTourismTrail,whichformallylaunchedinMarch2022.Ofcourse,tourismalonewon’tsavealanguage,buttourismcanprovideoneeffectivelanguage-retention(语言保持)motivation:income.MoreeconomicopportunitiesandprideintheirculturalidentitycouldhelpmotivateyoungGarinagutocontinuelearningthelanguage.WillmusicsavetheGarifunalanguage?Timewilltell.Thiskindofrevivalisalong,multi-generationalroad.8.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph1?A.Tostresstheimportanceofconservinglanguages.B.ToexplainthereasonsforGarifunabeingendangered.C.Toencouragepeopletospeaktheirnativelanguages.D.Toprovetheinfluenceofmodernizationonlanguages.9.WhatiscrucialforthesurvivaloftheGarifunalanguage?A.Integratingitintopeople’sdailylives.B.Focusingonlyonteachingitinschools.C.Relyingontheeffortsoflinguiststosaveit.D.Consideringitassomethingtobepreserved.10.WhatdidtheGarifunaCollectivebanddo?A.Theyadaptedhistoricalstoriesforpopularsongs.B.TheytaughtlocalstudentsGarifunathroughmusic.C.TheysetupamusicalclubtopromoteGarifunamusic.D.TheyspreadGarifunaculturetotheworldbytheirperformances.11.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A.Tourismisamajorsourceoflocalincome.B.Languagecanhelppeopleshapetheculturalidentity.C.Revivaleffortsensurethelanguage’ssurvivalinyears.D.Economyplaysasupportiveroleinlanguagedevelopment.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了加里富纳语被列入联合国教科文组织濒危语言及人们是如何拯救这门语言的。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“Butdecadesofmodernization,casualnative-languagetraininginGarifunaschools,intermarriagebetweencultures,andthelackofconsiderationoflanguagetransmissionbyyoungpeople,collectivelyledtoGarifunabeinglistedontheUNESCOAtlasofEndangeredLanguagesin2001.(但几十年的现代化、加里富纳学校随意的母语培训、文化间的通婚以及年轻人对语言传播的忽视，共同导致加里富纳语于2001年被列入联合国教科文组织濒危语言之一。)”可知，第一段告诉我们加里富纳语成为濒危语言的原因，例如加里富纳学校随意的母语培训以及年轻人对语言传播的忽视等，由此可知，第一段的目的是解释加里富纳语濒危的原因。故选B项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“Buttherearewaystosaveat-risklanguagesaswell.Thekeyisthatthelanguageneedstobethoughtoflessaspreserved,butindeedpartoftheirpresentandfuture.(但也有办法拯救有风险的语言。关键在于，语言不应被视为是被保留的，而应视为是其现在和未来的一部分。)”可知，拯救有风险的语言的关键在于把其视为现在和未来的一部分，即融入到我们现在和未来的生活中，由此可知，对加里富纳语的生存至关重要的是把它融入到人们的日常生活中。故选A项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“Palacio,aleaderintheculturalrenaissance,gatheredGarifunamusiciansacrossCentralAmericatoformtheGarifunaCollectivebandin2007.Multipleworldperformancesandinternationalmusicawardslater,thebandputGarifunaontheinternationalmapandlitaculturalflameforGarifunaworldwide.(Palacio是文化复兴的领导者，于2007年召集了中美洲各地的加里富纳音乐家组成加里富纳集体乐队。在多次世界演出和国际音乐奖项之后，乐队将加里富纳语推向了国际舞台，为加里富纳在全球点燃了文化之火。)”可知，加里富纳集体乐队通过表演将加里富纳语推向了国际舞台，在全球点燃了文化之火，由此可知，加里富纳集体乐队通过表演向世界传播加里富纳文化。故选D项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“MoreeconomicopportunitiesandprideintheirculturalidentitycouldhelpmotivateyoungGarinagutocontinuelearningthelanguage.(更多的经济机会和对自己文化身份的自豪感可以帮助激励年轻的加里富纳人继续学习这门语言。)”可知，更多的经济机会可以帮助激励年轻的加里富纳人继续学习这门语言，由此可知，我们可以从第4段推断出经济在语言发展中起着支持作用。故选D项。DForthefirsttime,scientistshaveobservedthebrainthroughoutthepregnancy(怀孕)timeline.Sexhormones,likeestrogenandtestosterone,arepowerfulplayersinthebrain,affectingmood,memory,andmore.Someofthemostdramatichormonalchangesthathumansexperiencehappenduringpregnancy,andyetthoseninemonthshavebeenablackboxforhumanneuroscienceuntilnow.AnewstudypublishedthisweekinNatureNeuroscienceprovidesthemostextensivelookinsidethatblackboxyet.Researchersscannedthebrainofonewoman26timesovertheentirecourseofherpregnancy—before,duringandafter.Brainscansshowthattracksofwhitemattergetstrongerduringpregnancy.Previousbrainimagingstudiesfrombeforeandafterpregnancyhaveshownthatpregnancyshrinks(缩小)partsofthebrain,specificallyitsgraymatter.Theseouterlayersofthebrainareresponsibleformostofsensation,learningandothergreatthingsthebraindoes.Shrinkinggraymattermaysoundscary,butithappenstoallofusthroughoutdevelopmenttofine-tuneourneuralprocessingandmakeourbrainsmoreefficient.Thoughtheterm“mommybrain”isoftenusedtorefertothebrainfogandforgetfulnesssomepeoplefeelduringpregnancy,thebrainchangesarelikelyadaptive.Forexample,youmaybeforgettingwhereyourkeysare,butyouarewaymorefocusedonwhatishappeningtoyourbaby.Researchersareparticularlyinterestedinchangeswithinbrainregionsthathelpwithsocialcognitionbyallowingustotakeonothers’perspectives.Thescaleandpatternofbrainchangesduringpregnancyaresimilartowhatotherresearchershaveseeninadolescentbrainsduringpuberty(青春期),alsodrivenbyhormones.Otherresearchershavebeenabletodetectwhethersomeonehadbeenpregnantbasedonlyonneuroimagingdatafromdecadeslater.Sodespitethecommonsayingthatourbrainsstopdevelopinginourmid-20s,hormonesseemtodrivebig,long-lastingchangesthroughoutadulthood.Fromstudyingthewoman’sbrain,researchersconfirmedgraymatterdecreasedbyfourpercentoverthecourseofpregnancyandthatdecreasepersistedthroughouttheendofthestudytwoyearsaftergivingbirth.Anditwasn'tjustoneareaornetwork—80%ofbrainregionsshrunk.Whilecertainareasandnetworkschangedfasterthanothers,theteamdoesn’tyetknowwhattheimplicationsare.12.Thepassagemainlytellsus________.A.howpregnancyimpactswomen’smemory B.howbrainscansleadtoabreakthroughC.howpubertydiffersfrompregnancy D.howbrainchangesduringpregnancy13.Basedontheresearch,apregnantwomanshould________changesaccompanying“mommybrain”?A.peacefullyaccept B.consciouslyavoidC.completelyignore D.eagerlyexpect14.Wecanlearnfromthelasttwoparagraphsthat________.A.researchershavefiguredoutwhycertainareasofbrainchangefasterB.despitesimilarity,brainchangesinpubertyaren’tdrivenbyhormonesC.hormonesarelikelytocausebrainchangesbeyondadolescenceD.theshrinkageofgraymatterinbrainstopsshortlyafterchildbirth15.Whatisthestructureofthispassage?A.Presentingafinding→Explaining→RelatingwithotherfindingsB.Introducingatopic→Providingexamples→SummarizingthemainpointsC.Statingaproblem→Proposingsolutions→EvaluatingthesolutionsD.Describingaphenomenon→Analyzingthecauses→Predictingthefuturetrends【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了怀孕期间大脑的变化。【12题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Forthefirsttime,scientistshaveobservedthebrainthroughoutthepregnancy(怀孕)timeline.(科学家们首次在整个怀孕时间线上观察了大脑)”、第二段“Previousbrainimagingstudiesfrombeforeandafterpregnancyhaveshownthatpregnancyshrinks(缩小)partsofthebrain,specificallyitsgraymatter.Theseouterlayersofthebrainareresponsibleformostofsensation,learningandothergreatthingsthebraindoes.(之前对怀孕前后的脑成像研究表明，怀孕会缩小大脑的某些部位，特别是灰质。大脑的这些外层负责大脑的大部分感觉、学习和其他伟大的事情)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了怀孕期间大脑的变化。故选D。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thoughtheterm“mommybrain”isoftenusedtorefertothebrainfogandforgetfulnesssomepeoplefeelduringpregnancy,thebrainchangesarelikelyadaptive.(尽管“妈咪大脑”一词通常用来指一些人在怀孕期间感到的脑雾和健忘，但大脑的变化可能是适应性的)”可知，大脑的变化可能是适应性的。由此推知，孕妇应该平静地接受大脑的这种变化。故选A。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Thescaleandpatternofbrainchangesduringpregnancyaresimilartowhatotherresearchershaveseeninadolescentbrainsduringpuberty(青春期),alsodrivenbyhormones.

(怀孕期间大脑变化的规模和模式与其他研究人员在青春期青少年大脑中观察到的相似，也是由荷尔蒙驱动的)”可知，与怀孕期间的大脑变化相似，荷尔蒙也可能会导致青春期后的大脑变化。故选C。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Someofthemostdramatichormonalchangesthathumansexperiencehappenduringpregnancy,andyetthoseninemonthshavebeenablackboxforhumanneuroscienceuntilnow.(人类经历的一些最剧烈的荷尔蒙变化发生在怀孕期间，但到目前为止，这九个月一直是人类神经科学的黑匣子)”、第二段“AnewstudypublishedthisweekinNatureNeuroscienceprovidesthemostextensivelookinsidethatblackboxyet.Researchersscannedthebrainofonewoman26timesovertheentirecourseofherpregnancy-before,duringandafter.Brainscansshowthattracksofwhitemattergetstrongerduringpregnancy.Previousbrainimagingstudiesfrombeforeandafterpregnancyhaveshownthatpregnancyshrinkspartsofthebrain,specificallyitsgraymatter.Theseouterlayersofthebrainareresponsibleformostofsensation,learningandothergreatthingsthebraindoes.(本周发表在《自然神经科学》上的一项新研究提供了迄今为止最全面的黑盒子内部观察。研究人员在一名女性怀孕的整个过程中对其大脑进行了26次扫描，包括怀孕前、怀孕中和怀孕后。脑部扫描显示，白质的轨迹在怀孕期间会变得更强。之前对怀孕前后的脑成像研究表明，怀孕会缩小大脑的某些部位，特别是灰质。大脑的这些外层负责大脑的大部分感觉、学习和其他伟大的事情)”、倒数第二段“Thescaleandpatternofbrainchangesduringpregnancyaresimilartowhatotherresearchershaveseeninadolescentbrainsduringpuberty(青春期),alsodrivenbyhormones.

(怀孕期间大脑变化的规模和模式与其他研究人员在青春期青少年大脑中观察到的相似，也是由荷尔蒙驱动的)”可知，文章先介绍了大脑变化的研究发现，然后进行详细解释，并与其他研究发现进行相关联。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Parentswhoarealwaysshowingofftheirchildrenarecalledsharents,whosebehaviorhaslongbeenpopularonsocialmedia.Itisfoundthatvideoswithchildrenreceivethreetimesasmanyviewsasothervideos.Nine-year-oldRyanKaji,staroftheRyan’sWorldchannel,toppedForbes’2020listofhighest-paidYouTubers,makinganestimated$29.5millionfromhiscontentandproductlines.____16____.

Influencerparentsandkidsacrossahostofplatformscangainmillionsofonlinefollowersandlandprofitablesponsorships.Somefamilyinfluencersgetpaiddirectlybybrandsforendorsing(代言)theirproducts.____17____.

Andmanymoreearnincomebyreceivingadrevenues(收益).____18____.Alookatthecommentssectionofalmostanywebsiteprovestheinternetisoftenaveryuglyplace.Whilethebusinessoffamilysocialmediaisbigandgrowing,thereareasyetfewmeaningfulsafeguardsforkids’privacyandsafety,bothfrommediacompanieslikeYouTubeandfromexistinglaw.

____19____.

LeahPlunkett,assistantdeanforlearningexperienceandtechnologyatHarvardLawSchoolsaid,“Inmanycases,thekidswhowindupin‘commercialsharenting’aretooyoungtounderstandwhat’sgoingon.

____20____.

Ifthereiscontentgoingoutaboutthechildrenwhentheyarethreeyearsold,theymaybeprettyuncomfortablewithitwhentheyarethirteen.Andthatcontentisnotgoingtogoaway.”Dr.SarahDomoff,whodirectstheFamilyHealthLabatCentralMichiganUniversityalsosaysparentaloversharingmaybedamaging.A.Someselltheirownbrandedproductsdirectlytoviewers.B.Someparentshavealreadystartedtoreconsidersharenting.C.Theycan’tgiveanytypeofpermissionorknowinvolvement.D.Embarrassingachildpubliclycanmakechildrenashamedoftheparents.E.Theseproblemsmakeexpertsonchildren’srightsanddevelopmentworried.F.“Sharenting”hascurrentlybecomeanincreasinglyprofessionalizedbusiness.G.Thepursuitofinternetfameanddollarsmayposepotentialdangerstothekidsonsocialmedia.【答案】16.F17.A18.G19.E20.C【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章认为父母在社交媒体上炫耀孩子，这种“晒娃”现象，对孩子是有害的。【16题详析】根据第一段中“Parentsshowingofftheirchildrenhaslongbeenpopularonsocialmedia.(父母炫耀自己的孩子在社交媒体上一直很流行。)”等，介绍了父母在社交媒体上炫耀孩子的现象，即“晒娃”现象，选项F“‘晒娃’现在已经成为一个越来越专业化的行业。”承接上一段，进一步介绍这种“晒娃”现象越来越专业化了，引出下文“Influencerparentsandkidsacrossahostofplatformscangainmillionsofonlinefollowersandlandprofitablesponsorships.(在许多平台上有影响力的父母和孩子可以获得数百万的在线追随者和有利可图的赞助。)”具体介绍其专业化程度。语义合理。故选F项。【17题详析】上文“Somefamilyinfluencersgetpaiddirectlybybrandsforendorsing(代言)theirproducts.(一些家庭网红直接从品牌那里获得代言产品的报酬。)”说明“晒娃”通过代言产品获得报酬，选项A“一些公司直接把自有品牌的产品卖给观众。”承接上文，介绍一些公司还可以直接卖东西，下文“Andmanymoreearnincomebyreceivingadrevenues(收益).(更多的人通过广告收益获得收入)”继续说明一些人是通过广告收益获得收入的。上下文语义一致，都在说明这种现象给哪些人带来收益。故选A项。【18题详析】下文“Alookatthecommentssectionofalmostanywebsiteprovestheinternetisoftenaveryuglyplace.(看看几乎所有网站的评论部分证明互联网经常是一个非常丑陋的地方。)”说明互联网有不良社会反映，选项G“追求网络名声和金钱可能会给孩子们在社交媒体上带来严重的潜在危险。”旨在说明互联网可能给孩子们带来严重的不良影响。上下文语义一致。故选G项。【19题详析】上文“whilethebusinessoffamilysocialmediaisbigandgrowing,thereareasyetfewmeaningfulsafeguardsforkids’privacyandsafety,bothfrommediacompanieslikeYouTubeandfromexistinglaw.(虽然家庭社交媒体的业务规模很大，而且还在不断增长，但对于孩子的隐私和安全，无论是来自YouTube这样的媒体公司，还是来自现有的法律，目前都没有什么有意义的保护措施。)”说明媒体公司和现有法律对儿童没有什么保护措施，选项E“这些问题都让儿童权利和发展专家担心”承接上文，和上文存在因果关系，因为没有保护措施，所以令人担心。故选E项。【20题详析】上文“Inmanycases,thekidswhowindupin‘commercialsharenting’aretooyoungtounderstandwhat’sgoingon.(在很多情况下，被卷入‘商业晒娃’的孩子还太小，不知道发生了什么。)”说明孩子太小，不知道发生了什么，选项C“他们不能给予任何形式的许可，也不知道参与其中。”承接上文，继续说明孩子太小，不能对此事表示许可还是拒绝，也不知道自己参与其中。语义合理。故选C项。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MywifeLauraandIwereonthebeachwithourchildren,photographingshorebirdsnearourAlaskahomewhenwespottedathin,smallbear,movingaimlessly.Momentslater,Iheardmydaughter___21___,“Dad!Thebearisrightbehindus!”Unlikeatypical___22___bearthatrushesforwardtofrightenawayitsenemybeforestopping,thisonewassilent,itsearspinnedback—aclear___23___itwasgoingforthekill.ItwasacoldAprilday,andthebear’sbehaviorwas___24___,likelydrivenbyhunger.Suddenly,thebear___25___me.Iinstinctivelyheldmycameratripod(三脚架)toforma___26___.Itshugeheadreachedmychestlevelasitbitdownonthetripod,andIfoundmyself___27___itsweight.KnowingIcouldn’tholditforlong,Iunderstoodthis___28___wasunavoidable.Iwastheonlythingstandingbetweenthebearandmy___29___,whowouldn’toutrunit.Thebeastheldtightlyonthetripodand_____30_____itintomyside.Myarmcouldnotmove,andIsensedthatmyboneswouldbreak.Wavingoneofmyfists,I_____31_____thebearashardasIcould.Then,as_____32_____asithadbegun,thefight_____33_____.Thebearmovedbacktowardtheforest,leavingustowonderwhathadjusthappened.Myarmwasinjured,butthe_____34_____wasremarkablyfortunate.I’mproudthatmyfamilyandIremained_____35_____whenpaniccouldhaveledtoaverydifferentoutcome.21.A.chattering B.repeating C.shouting D.inquiring22.A.hungry B.aggressive C.silent D.fearful23.A.fact B.reason C.sense D.sign24.A.abnormal B.social C.random D.standard25.A.foughtfor B.rushedinto C.glaredat D.leanedagainst26.A.shape B.barrier C.position D.structure27.A.lifting B.balancing C.feeling D.supporting28.A.fight B.problem C.decision D.escape29.A.house B.children C.family D.group30.A.dragged B.swung C.pressed D.planted31.A.struck B.slapped C.kicked D.patted32.A.gradually B.initially C.sharply D.abruptly33.A.faded B.ended C.changed D.continued34.A.experience B.moment C.process D.outcome35.A.self-centered B.open-minded C.clear-headed D.strong-willed【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.B26.B27.D28.A29.C30.C31.A32.D33.B34.D35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一家人在阿拉斯加的海滩上遭遇一只饥饿的熊，父亲用三脚架与熊搏斗，最终保护家人安全的故事。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：片刻之后，我听到女儿大喊：“爸爸！熊就在我们后面！”。A.chattering聊天；B.repeating重复；C.shouting大喊；D.inquiring询问。根据下文“Dad!Thebearisrightbehindus!”可知，下文说的是熊就在后面，这是女儿大声呼喊的内容，所以是shouting，故选C项。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不像典型的具有攻击性的熊会先向前冲来吓跑敌人然后停下，这只熊很安静，耳朵向后贴，这是它要进行捕杀的明显迹象。A.hungry饥饿的；B.aggressive有攻击性的；C.silent安静的；D.fearful害怕的。根据下文“thisonewassilent”可知，这只熊很安静，可推理出这只熊不同于其他有攻击性的熊，故选B项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同第2题。A.fact事实；B.reason原因；C.sense感觉；D.sign迹象。根据上文“itsearspinnedback”以及下文“itwasgoingforthekill”可知，熊的耳朵向后贴，这是熊要进行捕杀的迹象，故选D项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是四月寒冷的一天，熊的行为不正常，可能是饥饿驱使的。A.abnormal不正常的；B.social社会的；C.random随机的；D.standard标准的。根据下文“likelydrivenbyhunger”可知，下文说的是可能是饥饿驱使的，可推理出此处说的是这只熊的行为不同于平常，是不正常的，故选A项。【25题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：突然，熊冲向我。A.foughtfor为……而战；B.rushedinto冲向；C.glaredat怒视；D.leanedagainst依靠。根据下文“Iinstinctivelyheldmycameratripod(三脚架)toform”可知，下文说的是作者本能地拿起了相机的三脚架，可推理出熊向作者冲过来了，才本能地拿三脚架，故选B项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我本能地拿着相机三脚架形成一个屏障。A.shape形状；B.barrier屏障；C.position位置；D.structure结构。根据下文“itbitdownonthetripod”可知，下文说的是熊在咬三脚架，可推理出作者用三脚架来形成屏障，故选B项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当它咬着三脚架时，它的大头到达了我的胸部高度，我发现自己在支撑它的重量。A.lifting举起；B.balancing平衡；C.feeling感觉；D.supporting支撑。根据下文“KnowingIcouldn’tholditforlong”可知，下文说的是作者意识到自己支撑不了多长时间，可推理出作者在承受着熊的重量，在支撑着它，故选D项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我支撑不了多久，我明白这场战斗是不可避免的。A.fight战斗；B.problem问题；C.decision决定；D.escape逃跑。根据下文“Wavingoneofmyfists”可知，下文说的是挥舞着拳头，可推理出此处说的是一场打斗不可避免，故选A项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是挡在熊和我的家人之间的唯一屏障，我的家人跑不过它。A.house房子；B.children孩子；C.family家人；D.group组。根据上文“MywifeLauraandIwereonthebeachwithourchildren”可知，作者在和家人一起在沙滩度假，可推理出此处说的是作者挡在了熊和家人之间，故选C项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：野兽紧紧咬住三脚架，把它压向我的侧身。A.dragged拖；B.swung摇摆；C.pressed压；D.planted种植。根据下文“Myarmcouldnotmove,andIsensedthatmyboneswouldbreak”可知，作者的胳膊无法动弹，感觉骨头要断裂，可推理出熊在把三脚架压向作者，故选C项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我挥舞着一只拳头，尽我所能地击打熊。A.struck击打；B.slapped掌掴；C.kicked踢；D.patted轻拍。根据上文“Wavingoneofmyfists”可知，作者挥舞着拳头，可推理出作者是用拳头击打熊，故选A项。【32题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，就像开始时一样突然，战斗结束了。A.gradually逐渐地；B.initially最初；C.sharply急剧地；D.abruptly突然地。根据下文“Thebearmovedbacktowardtheforest”可知，熊调头跑回了森林，可推理出此处说的是作者与熊之间的战斗开始和结束都很突然，故选D项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上题。A.faded褪色；B.ended结束；C.changed改变；D.continued继续。根据下文“Thebearmovedbacktowardtheforest”可知熊调头跑回了森林，可推理出此处说的是战斗结束了，故选B项。【34