福建省漳州市2025届高三毕业班上学期第二次教学质量检测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1福建省漳州市2025届高三毕业班上学期第二次教学质量检测英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inawaitingroom. B.Inasupermarket. C.Inafruitstore.【答案】B【原文】W:Goodmorning,sir!Wouldyouliketotryourfreshorganicmilk?It’sperfectforahealthystarttoyourday.M:I’llgiveitago.I’malwayslookingforqualityproductsformyfamily.2.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Haveatasteofthefish.B.Changetoanotherdish.C.Apologizeforthebadtaste.【答案】B【原文】M:Hey,Ithinktheremightbesomethingabitoffwiththefish.It’snottastingasfreshasI’vehoped.W:Oh,Iapologizeforthat.Let’sgetyousomethingmoretoyourliking.3.Whatisthemandoing?A.Talkingaboutacheck-up.B.Havingasugar-freebreakfast.C.Waitingforadailymedicalroutine.【答案】C【原文】M:Morning,MissNurse.I’mallsetforthefastingbloodsugarcheckbeforebreakfast.Youknow,I’mgettingusedtothisroutine.W:Goodmorning,Mr.Robinson.Haha,nosweat.It’snotabigdeal.Relaxandherewego.4.Whydoesthemanmakethephonecall?A.Toaskforanewphone. B.Tomakeanappointment. C.Togethisphonerepaired.【答案】C【原文】W:Post-salesService.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Myphone,usedoverayear,hasissues.Itactsup,freezes,andshutsdownsometimes.W:That’sannoying.Pleasebringittoourservicecenterwhenconvenient.We’llfigureoutwhattheproblemisandgetitfixed.5.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthesharedmountainvillages?A.Puzzled. B.Grateful. C.Surprised.【答案】C【原文】M:Alice,haveyouheardofsharedmountainvillages?Inthesevillages,resourcessuchasaccommodations,farmingtools,andevenlocalfacilitieslikekitchensandrecreationalareasaresharedamongdifferentusers.W:Oh,that’sincredible!Youmeansharingeverythingwithoutextrapay?第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatsuitstheman’stastebest?A.Thestyle. B.Thecolor. C.Thesize.7.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?A.Sunny. B.Windy. C.Snowy.【答案】6.B7.C【原文】W:Dad,Igotyousomenewclothesandshoesfromthestoreyoulike.Ihopetheyfityouwell.M:Oh,that’sniceofyou.Let’sseehowtheylook.W:How’sthefit?Warmenough?Anddoyoulikethestyleandcolor?M:They’rejustaperfectfit.Thestyleisnice,anddarkblueisexactlymytaste.Thankyou,mysweetheart.W:Noproblem,Dad.Justmakesuretodresswarmly.Theweatherforecastiscallingforsnowtomorrow,thoughtodayissunnyandwarm.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.WhydoesTararefusetotraveltogether?A.Shehasatightbudget. B.Sheplanstosavemoney. C.Shehasbeenbusyrecently.9.WhatdoesthemanadviseTaratodo?A.Makeendsmeet. B.Cutbackonexpenses. C.Investfinancialproducts.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Schoolmates.C.Financialadvisorandcustomer.【答案】8.A9.B10.A【原文】M:Hi,Tara.I’mplanningtogoonatripthisweekend.Doyouwanttocomewithme?W:Oh,IreallywishIcould,butI’mabitshortoncashrightnow.Ihavetopass.M:Howcome?Weearnthesamesalary.W:IseemtobespendingmorethanIearneachmonth,andIdon’tknowhowtomanagemymoneywell.IthinkI’msupposedtolearnaboutsomemoneymanagementtips.M:Maybeyoucanlistallyourincomeandexpenses,andseewhereyoucancutback.Sometimesunexpectedexpensespopup.Soyoushouldalsosetasidesomeemergencyfunds.Evenasmallamountsavedregularlycanhelpalotincaseofemergencies.W:Ihaveacreditcarddebt.I’llworkonpayingitofffaster.Thanksfortheadvice.M:Noproblem.Ihopeyoucangetyourfinancesinordersoon.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Howarethosepenguinsnow?A.Inneedofhelp. B.Insearchofsweaters. C.Inthecareoftheteacher.12.Whatarethepenguinsweaterslike?A.Useful. B.Thick.C.Beautiful.13.Howdoesthewomanplantohelp?A.Toraiseaninjuredpenguin.B.Tocallforanimalprotection.C.Tojointheuniversityteacher.【答案】11.A12.A13.B【原文】M:Hi,haveyouheardaboutthatuniversityteacherwhoquittomakesweatersforpenguins?W:Yeah.Itsoundsreallystrange.Whywouldshedothat?M:Ithinkshewantstodosomethingmeaningful.Youknow,thosepenguinsareintroubleandneedhelp.Whenthere’sanoilspill,thepenguins’feathersgetcoveredwithoil.Thismakesthemcoldandtheymightswallowthepoisonousoilwhilecleaningthemselves.W:Butmakingsweaters?Thick…orbeautiful?M:No,no.Thesweatersserveasaprotectivecovering.Theycankeepthepenguinswarmandstopthemfromeatingthebadoilontheirfeathers.It’sasimplebuteffectivewaytogivethemabetterchanceofsurvival.W:Oh,Igetit.Soit’stoprotectthem.It’sreallyakindact.Butisn’titabigchangeforhertoleaveherteachingjob?M:Maybeshebelievesthatsavingthosepenguinsismoreimportant.Itshowsthateveryonecandosomethingforanimals,nomatterhowsmallorbig.W:True.Ithinkweshouldspreadawarenessabouttheirprotection.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Wordsandworksofanovelist.B.Favoritequotesonpostcards.C.ClassicworksintheVictorianperiod.15.Whatisthewomanlike?A.Emotional. B.Optimistic. C.Enthusiastic.16.Whereistheman’sfavouritequotefrom?A.AChristmasCarol. B.GreatExpectations. C.NicholasNickleby.17.Whoranksfirstinthewoman’smind?A.Hemingway. B.Shakespeare. C.CharlesDickens.【答案】14.A15.A16.C17.B【原文】M:Rememberwhenwewenttothe200thbirthdaycelebrationofCharlesDickensinLondon?W:Yes,thatwasquiteanevent.Istillhavethepostcardswepickeduptherethathadsomeofhisquotationsonit.M:Oh,yes,Ihavemine,too.Whichquotationisyourfavourite?W:Mm…It’s“Weneedneverbeashamedofourtears.”M:Icanseewhythat’syourfavourite.Youmayexplodewithfeelingsattheslightesttouch!IsthatfromATaleofTwoCities?W:No,butgoodguess.It’sfromGreatExpectations.Andwhatisyourfavourite?M:Mineis“Thepainofpartingisnothingtothejoyofmeetingagain.”Seeifyoucanguesswhichbookit’sfrom.W:Hmm…Idon’thaveaclue.AChristmasCarol?M:No,I’lljusttellyou:NicholasNickleby.W:Thatisagoodone.Actually,heisoneofthegreatestnovelistsoftheVictorianperiod.Hewasquiteaproductivewriter.M:Sohowdoesherateinyourlistoffavouritewriters?W:He’srightupthere,heandHemingway,thoughShakespearehastobeatthetopofmylist.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Whydoesthespeakergivethespeech?A.Tointroducethekeytosuccess.B.Toexpressgratitudeforanaward.C.Toshareaneducationalexperience.19.Howdothespeaker’sfriendshelphim?A.Byencouragingandpushinghim.B.Byofferingfreeeducation.C.Bysharingresources.20.Whatdoesthespeakerappealtotheaudiencetodo?A.Supporteachother.B.Gainthesameaward.C.Worktowardsexcellence.【答案】18.B19.A20.C【原文】Ladiesandgentlemen,today,standingbeforeyou,IambothhonoredandhumbledtoreceivetheawardforOutstandingStudentoftheYear.Thisrecognitionisnotjustaproofofmyhardwork,butalsoareflectionoftheincrediblesupportandguidanceIhavereceivedfrommyteachers,friendsandfamily.Iwanttoexpressmysinceregratitudetomyprofessors,whohavenotonlytaughtmeknowledgebutalsoinspiredmetopursueexcellenceinallaspectsoflife.Tomyfriends,thankyouforyourconstantencouragementandforpushingmetobethebestversionofmyself.Beingastudentisnotjustaboutexcellinginacademics;it’saboutgrowingasaperson,embracingchallenges,andmakingapositiveimpactonthosearoundus.Ibelievethateducationisajourney,andthisawardisamilestonethatmotivatesmetocontinueonthispathoflearningandself-improvement.Inclosing,Iwanttosaythatthisawardisnotjustmine;itbelongstoeveryonewhohasbelievedinmeandsupportedme.Thankyou,andlet’scontinuetoaimforperfectiontogether.Thankyou.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAbsoluteheavenforloversofchocolateandicecreameverywhere.Ourstore,theChocolateGardenofIreland,isaworkingchocolateandicecreamfactoryofferingchocolate-makingsessions,family-sizedworkshopswithonlinebookingandgroup(15+)bookingsbyphone.Afreeaccessareaforchildrenwillkeeptheyoungeroneshappy,makingitanexcellentdestinationforparentstorelax.SetinbeautifulnortheastCarlow,it’samust-visitifyouareinthearea,whateveryourage—you’lldelightinitsaward-winninghandmadechocolatetreatsandyoucanhaveatourbyyourselfaroundthewholearea.Afternoonteaisavailablewithbooking,perfectforthoselookingforaspecialexperience.Itscaféoffersitsownhandmadeicecream,delicioussundaes(圣代冰激凌),andawidevarietyofchocolatesandtreats,forinstance,notallourchocolatesaresugar-containing,andsomechocolatesaregluten-free(无麸质的),makingthemaccessibleforawiderrangeofdietaryneeds.HowtoFindUs:OntheR725betweenTullowandShillelagh,5kmfromTullow,nexttoRathwood.OpeningTimes:Seasonalopeningsmayapply,socheckthewebsiteorsocialmediatoensureweareopenbeforevisiting.Thereisnoadmissionchargetothecafé.Pleasepre-bookchocolate-makingsessions.Admission:Chocolatemould(模具)making€13.50perperson.ServiceDetailsPricingChocolate-makingsessionsHands-onexperiencecreatingyourownchocolates€15perpersonHandmadechocolateDifferentflavors€5eachArtisanIceCreamAvarietyofflavorsmadeon-site€3.5perscoop(勺)SundaesDeliciousSundaeswithachoiceoftoppings€5eachAfternoonTeaSelectionofteasservedwithavarietyofsweettreats€25perperson(20%discountforgroupsoffourormore)21.Whatmakesthestoreafamily-friendlyplace?A.Thatitoffersguidedtours.B.Thatchildren’sadmissionisfree.C.Thatitfeaturesachildren’sspace.D.Thatfamily-sizedmealsareavailable.22.What’sthecostforfourpeople’safternoonteasandtwochocolates?A.€80. B.€90.C.€95. D.€100.23.Whymightthestoreofferawidevarietyofchocolates?A.Tomeetspecificrequirements. B.Tosavesomerawmaterialslikesugar.C.Tooffercustomersauniqueexperience. D.Todividecustomersintomorecategories.【答案】21.C22.B23.A【语篇导读】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了一个巧克力商店的相关情况。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Afreeaccessareaforchildrenwillkeeptheyoungeroneshappy,makingitanexcellentdestinationforparentstorelax.(儿童免费进入区将让年幼的孩子保持快乐，使其成为父母放松的绝佳目的地。)”可知，商店设有的一个供儿童自由出入的区域能让孩子们开心，这使得它成为家长可以放松的一个好去处，这也是使商店成为家庭友好型场所的因素。故选C项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据表格内容“HandmadechocolateDifferentflavors€5each(手工巧克力不同口味5欧元)”和“€25perperson(20%discountforgroupsoffourormore)(每人25欧元（四人或四人以上团体可享受20%的折扣）)”可知，一个人的下午茶费用为25欧元，四人或四人以上团体有20%的折扣，所以四个人的下午茶费用为25×4×（1-20%）=80欧元；手工巧克力每块5欧元，所以两块巧克力的费用为5×2=10欧元。因此，四个人共需花费80+10=90欧元。故选B项。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Itscaféoffersitsownhandmadeicecream,delicioussundaes(圣代冰激凌),andawidevarietyofchocolatesandtreats,forinstance,notallourchocolatesaresugar-containing,andsomechocolatesaregluten-free(无麸质的),makingthemaccessibleforawiderrangeofdietaryneeds.(它的咖啡馆提供自己的手工冰淇淋、美味的圣代和各种各样的巧克力和零食，例如，并非所有的巧克力都含糖，有些巧克力不含麸质，这使得它们可以满足更广泛的饮食需求。)”可知，商店提供各种各样的巧克力是为了满足不同顾客不同的饮食需求。故选A项。BMyteenagedaughtersigneduptoruna5KthatSaturdaymorning,andIplannedtoreturntobedafterdroppingheroff.Iquicklygrabbedsomeclothesandrushedoutofthedoorwithher.WhenwearrivedandIsawthecrowd,athoughtcrossedmymind—Imightmissherfirstevent.Andpastexperiencesimpliedthatthislikelihoodwasfairlyhigh.Therewasastrangepulltojoinhersomehow,eventhoughIknewitwasunlikely.Ihadn’tbeenphysicallyactiverecentlyandwasnotdressedforarace.Anyhow,Ipretendedtherehadbeenfriends’encouragement.Ifoundmyselfregisteringfortherace,tellingmyselfIwouldjustwalkit.Itiedmysweatshirtaroundmywaistandstuffedmykeysinmypocket.Whenthegunwentoff,Iranalongwitheveryoneelse.Iquicklydroppedback,andsoonbecamedeadlast,whichmademeupset.Thecrowdvanished(消失)overahill,andIlostsightofmydaughter.Onlyoneotherwomanremained,wholookedabout20yearsolderthanme.Webeganaseriesofrunningandwalking.Whensheranagain,Icouldn’tletherpassme,soIrantoo.Imanagedtopassher,givingmearayofdelight,andlaterIpassedagroupofwomen.IcontinuedtoswitchbetweenrunningandwalkinguntilIpassedoneofmydaughter’sclassmates,andthenanother.ThecoursewoundthroughAmishcountryandAmishchildrenlinedtheroute,watchingus.IdoubtedwhetherIcouldmakeitupthelasthill,butIkeptpickinggoals,suchasatelephonepoleoramailbox,torunorwalkto.IevenfiguredoutthatifImademystepdistancelongwhenIwalked,Iwouldcovermoreground.Ifinallycrossedthefinishlinetofindmydaughterwaitingforme.Myfaceburnedred,andmylegshurt,butIwasproudofbothofusasweposedforaselfie(自拍)wearingournumbers.24.Whydidtheauthorjointherace?A.Tocompeteintheracewithherdaughter.B.Toprovidehergirlwithcompanionship.C.Toenrichherexperiencesinrunning.D.Towinaprizeintheraceatleast.25.Howdidtheauthorfeelasshefellbehindintherace?A.Defeatedandhopeless. B.Anxiousanddisappointed.C.Discouragedbutmotivated. D.Embarrassedbutdelighted.26.Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorfinishthelastrun?A.Switchingamongdifferentbreathingmodes.B.Greatcommitmenttowintheracehappily.C.Constantencouragementfromon-lookers.D.Settingprogressivegoalsalongtheroute.27.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.FacingChallenges:AMother’s5KJourneyB.AnUnexpectedWin:MyDaughter’sRaceC.OvercomingObstacles:AFamilyEventD.TheJoyofRunning:ARaceAdventure【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.A【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者陪伴女儿参加跑步比赛并最终完成比赛的经历。【24题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“WhenwearrivedandIsawthecrowd,athoughtcrossedmymind—Imightmissherfirstevent.Andpastexperiencesimpliedthatthislikelihoodwasfairlyhigh.Therewasastrangepulltojoinhersomehow,eventhoughIknewitwasunlikely.(当我们到达现场，看到人群时，我脑海中闪过一个念头——我可能会错过她的第一次比赛。而过去的经历表明，这种可能性相当高。尽管我知道自己不太可能参加，但心中却有一种莫名的冲动想要加入她)”可知，作者参加比赛是想给女儿提供一些陪伴。故选B。【25题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Iquicklydroppedback,andsoonbecamedeadlast,whichmademeupset.Thecrowdvanished(消失)overahill,andIlostsightofmydaughter.Onlyoneotherwomanremained,wholookedabout20yearsolderthanme.Webeganaseriesofrunningandwalking.Whensheranagain,Icouldn’tletherpassme,soIrantoo.Imanagedtopassher,givingmearayofdelight,andlaterIpassedagroupofwomen.(我很快就落在了后面，很快就成了最后一名，这让我很沮丧。人群翻过一座小山后消失了，我也看不见我的女儿了。只剩下另一个女人，她看起来比我大约老20岁。我们开始交替跑步和走路。当她再次跑步时，我不想让她超过我，所以我也跑了起来。我成功地超过了她，这让我有一丝喜悦，后来我又超过了一群女性)”可知，作者在比赛中落后时虽有过气馁但后来也有了动力。故选C。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“IdoubtedwhetherIcouldmakeitupthelasthill,butIkeptpickinggoals,suchasatelephonepoleoramailbox,torunorwalkto.(我怀疑自己是否能爬上最后那座小山，但我不断设定目标，比如一根电线杆或一个信箱，作为我跑步或走路的目的地)”可知，作者沿途设定渐进的目标，这帮助作者在比赛中坚持到最后。故选D。【27题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“WhenwearrivedandIsawthecrowd,athoughtcrossedmymind—Imightmissherfirstevent.Andpastexperiencesimpliedthatthislikelihoodwasfairlyhigh.Therewasastrangepulltojoinhersomehow,eventhoughIknewitwasunlikely.(当我们到达现场，看到人群时，我脑海中闪过一个念头——我可能会错过她的第一次比赛。而过去的经历表明，这种可能性相当高。尽管我知道自己不太可能参加，但心中却有一种莫名的冲动想要加入她)”可知，作者原本打算送女儿参加跑步比赛后就回家睡觉，结果却因不想错过女儿的第一场比赛而临时决定参加比赛，整个比赛对作者来说是一次自我挑战，作者直面挑战，最终跑完了全程。所以A项“FacingChallenges:AMother’s5KJourney(面对挑战：一位母亲的5公里之旅)”概括了文章内容，是文章的最佳标题。故选A。CDoctorsmeasurebloodpressuretotrackheartdisease.Butwhenitcomestodepressionwithcomplexcauses,clinicians(临床医生)mustrelyonpeople’sself-reportedsymptoms,makingitdifficulttoobjectivelymeasureatreatment’seffectsonpatientsespeciallythoserefusingtreatment.Consequently,itcostsalotforclinicianstomaketherapy(疗法)adjustments.Now,researchershaveusedartificialintelligence(AI)toidentifyabrainsignallinkedtorecoveryfromdepressioninpeopletreatedwithdeep-brainstimulation(DBS),atechniquethatuseselectrodes(电极)implantedintothebraintodeliverelectricpulsesthatchangenervousactivity.Theteamreporteditsresultsontenpeoplewithseveredepression,inNatureon20September.Ifappliedinalargersample,thesefindingscouldrepresenta“game-changerinhowwewouldbeabletotreatdepression”,saysPaulHoltzheimer,aneuroscientistattheGeiselSchoolofMedicineatDartmouth.Tofindamoreobjectivemeasureofdepressionrecovery,MaybergandhercolleaguesdevelopedaDBSdevicethatincludessensorstomeasurebrainactivity.Theyimplantedthisdeviceintothesubcallosalcingulatecortex(胼胝体下扣带皮层)—anareaofthebrainthathasaroleinrevisingemotionalbehaviour—intenpeoplewithdepressionthatresistedallformsoftreatment.After24weeksofstimulation,nineofthetenparticipantsshowedanoticeableimprovementintheirsymptoms,andsevenmetthecriteriafordiseaserelief.MaybergandhercolleaguesusedanAImodeltoidentifythebrainpatternsassociatedwithseveredepressionatthestartofthestudy.Theyalsotrainedthemodeltoidentifythebrainpatternsassociatedwithsuccessfultreatmentattheendofthestudy.Itisimportantnotonlytotestthisapproachinmorepeoplebutalsotodigintothebiologyofwhatthebrainpatternforrecoveryrepresents.ThesefindingscouldhaveimplicationsbeyondDBS.Peoplewithseveredepressionmightnotwantanelectrodeintheirbrain.Butifthere’sacorrespondingbrainsignalthatcouldbemeasuredbylessinvasivemethods,thefindingsmightbemorebroadlyuseful.28.Whatchallengedoestheassessmentofdepressiontreatmentface?A.Obtainingpatients’approval. B.Relatingtopatients’emotions.C.Lackofnecessarydata. D.Highassessmentcosts.29.WhatisPaulHoltzheimer’sattitudetowardthenewmeasurementmethod?A.Doubtful. B.Cautious.C.Critical. D.Appreciative.30.WhatisthemainfocusofMayberg’sresearch?A.Todevelopnewtreatmentstrategiesfordepression.B.Toinvestigatethebrain’sroleinemotionalregulation.C.Toevaluatetheeffectivenessofdifferenttherapies.D.Todetectbrainsignalsofimprovementindepression.31.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.Perfectedassessingmethodsmayleadtowiderapplication.B.Invasivetreatmentsarealmostineffectivefordepression.C.Recoverysignalsareinvisiblewithoutasurgery.D.Itisofimportancetostudybiologydeeply.【答案】28.C29.D30.D31.A【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员利用人工智能识别与抑郁症康复相关的大脑信号，Mayberg团队进行相关研究，最后指出完善评估方法可能带来更广泛应用。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Butwhenitcomestodepressionwithcomplexcauses,clinicians(临床医生)mustrelyonpeople’sselfreportedsymptoms,makingitdifficulttoobjectivelymeasureatreatment’seffectsonpatientsespeciallythoserefusingtreatment.Consequently,itcostsalotforclinicianstomaketherapy(疗法)adjustments.(但当涉及病因复杂的抑郁症时，临床医生必须依靠患者自我报告的症状，这使得客观衡量治疗对患者的效果变得困难，尤其是那些拒绝治疗的患者。因此，临床医生进行治疗调整的成本很高)”可知，因为要依靠患者自我报告症状，所以抑郁症治疗评估面临的问题是缺乏必要的客观数据来评估抑郁症治疗效果。故选C项。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Ifappliedinalargersample,thesefindingscouldrepresenta‘gamechangerinhowwewouldbeabletotreatdepression’,saysPaulHoltzheimer,aneuroscientistattheGeiselSchoolofMedicineatDartmouth.(达特茅斯学院盖泽尔医学院的神经科学家保罗·霍尔茨海默表示，如果在更大的样本中应用，这些发现可能代表着‘我们治疗抑郁症方式的一个重大改变’)”可知，保罗·霍尔茨海默认为这一发现可能会带来治疗抑郁症方式的重大改变，由此可推断他对这种新的测量方法持赞赏态度。故选D项。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Tofindamoreobjectivemeasureofdepressionrecovery,MaybergandhercolleaguesdevelopedaDBSdevicethatincludessensorstomeasurebrainactivity.(为了找到一种更客观的衡量抑郁症康复的方法，梅伯格和她的同事开发了一种包含传感器的脑深部电刺激(DBS)设备，用于测量大脑活动)”可知，Mayberg研究的主要重点是检测抑郁症改善的大脑信号。故选D项。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Itisimportantnotonlytotestthisapproachinmorepeoplebutalsotodigintothebiologyofwhatthebrainpatternforrecoveryrepresents.ThesefindingscouldhaveimplicationsbeyondDBS.Peoplewithseveredepressionmightnotwantanelectrodeintheirbrain.Butifthere’sacorrespondingbrainsignalthatcouldbemeasuredbylessinvasivemethods,thefindingsmightbemorebroadlyuseful.(不仅要在更多人身上测试这种方法，还要深入研究康复大脑模式所代表的生物学意义。这些发现可能会产生超出脑深部电刺激(DBS)的影响。重度抑郁症患者可能不想在大脑中植入电极。但如果有一种相应的大脑信号可以通过侵入性较小的方法测量，这些发现可能会有更广泛的用途)”可知，完善评估方法，例如采用侵入性较小的测量方法，可能会使这些发现得到更广泛的应用。故选A项。DEveryJuly,thewesternsandpiper,asmallmigratorybird,travelsfromAlaskatothecoastofPerualongthePacificFlyway.Alongtheway,thewetlandsofCalifornia’sCentralValleyprovidecrucialrestingandfeedingwetlands.Traditionally,ricefarmersintheregionfloodtheirfieldsafterharvesttodecompose(分解)remainingvegetation.ThroughtheBirdReturnsprogram,farmersarerewardedforfloodingtheirfieldsearlierinfallandlaterinspring,creatingtemporarywetlandsformigratorybirdsduringtheirsouthwardandnorthwardjourneys.Tofigureoutwherethesealternativehabitatsaremostneeded,BirdReturnsusesdatafromeBird—acommunityscienceprojectcomposedofbirders’recordedsightings—toassesswhereandwhenmigratorybirdstypicallylandintheCentralValley.Researcherscombinethatinformationwithsatellitedatashowingwhenandwheresurfacewaterismostavailable,andwhereit’sneeded.BirdReturnsisnotliketraditionalconservationstrategiesinwhichorganizationsbuylandandprotectitinperpetuity.Instead,it’samarket-basedprogramthatpaysfarmerstofloodtheirfieldsforacertainamountoftime,ratherlikerentingbirdhabitat,explainsJuliaBarfield,aprogrammanagerfortheNatureConservancyandpartofBirdReturns.Theamountofmoneythatfarmersreceiveisdeterminedbyareverseauction(反向拍卖):Thefarmersbid(出价)forcontracts,andthelowestbidderwins.Thoughthewaysoundseffective,butitisstilltoughtosettleallproblems.“Althoughmarket-basedsolutionsshouldn’tbetheonlyanswer,theyare‘apieceofthepuzzle’”,saysNatalia,aconservationecologistatUCSantaCruzwhoisnotinvolvedwithBirdReturns.DanielKarp,aresearcheratDavis,seestheprogramasarareconservationwin.Mostofthetime,smallfarmsthatgrowmanydifferentcropsandplantpollinator-friendly(有利于传粉者的)flowersarethebestwaytoconservebiodiversityinhuman-dominatedlandscapes.Butalthoughricefarmersgrowonlyonecrop,theirlargefieldsareanexception.TheBirdReturnsprogramisfarfromacompletesolution,but“it’sthisweirdcircumstancewhereyouhavealarge,industrial-scaleintensiveagriculturalsystemthatcanmeanwhilesupportwildlife,”Karpsays.32.Whydofarmersfloodtheirfieldsoriginally?A.Tomakethemwetlands. B.Tofeedmigratorybirds.C.Toprotectthehousefromtheflood. D.Tobreakdownleftoverplantmatter.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“perpetuity”probablymean?A.Control. B.Practice.C.Permanence. D.Development.34.WhyistheBirdReturnsprogramunique?A.Farmersarepaidtoadjustfarmingschedules.B.Itpartiallyreliesonlong-termlandprotection.C.Farmers’fieldsarerentedforbirdreproduction.D.Itisverytime-savingandenergy-efficient.35.HowdobothNataliaandKarpviewtheprogram?A.Abitterlesson. B.Abeneficialtrial.C.Aspecialsuccess. D.Adetailedstudy.【答案】32.D33.C34.A35.B【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个保护鸟类的组织通过支付农民费用让其调整灌溉农田的时间来为候鸟创造栖息地。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Traditionally,ricefarmersintheregionfloodtheirfieldsafterharvesttodecompose(分解)remainingvegetation.(传统上，该地区的稻农在收获后淹没农田，以分解剩余的植被)”可知，该地区的农民在收获后灌溉他们的田地是为了分解剩余的植被。故选D。【33题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段“BirdReturnsisnotliketraditionalconservationstrategiesinwhichorganizationsbuylandandprotectitinperpetuity.Instead,it’samarket-basedprogramthatpaysfarmerstofloodtheirfieldsforacertainamountoftime,ratherlikerentingbirdhabitat,explainsJuliaBarfield,aprogrammanagerfortheNatureConservancyandpartofBirdReturns.(BirdReturns不像传统的保护策略，即组织购买土地并……保护它。相反，这是一个基于市场的项目，向农民支付一定时间的洪水，而不是租用鸟类栖息地，大自然保护协会的项目经理JuliaBarfield解释说，她是BirdReturns的一部分)”可知，BirdReturns不像传统的保护策略那样，即组织购买土地并永久保护土地。相反，BirdReturns是基于市场的项目，支付农民在特定时间段灌溉田地的费用。所以perpetuity在这里应是与foracertainamountoftime相对的意思，意为“永久”，与C项意思相近。故选C。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“BirdReturnsisnotliketraditionalconservationstrategiesinwhichorganizationsbuylandandprotectitinperpetuity.Instead,it’samarket-basedprogramthatpaysfarmerstofloodtheirfieldsforacertainamountoftime,ratherlikerentingbirdhabitat,explainsJuliaBarfield,aprogrammanagerfortheNatureConservancyandpartofBirdReturns.(BirdReturns不像传统的保护策略，即组织购买土地并……保护它。相反，这是一个基于市场的项目，向农民支付一定时间的洪水，而不是租用鸟类栖息地，大自然保护协会的项目经理JuliaBarfield解释说，她是BirdReturns的一部分)”可知，BirdReturns项目独特的原因在于它是一个基于市场的项目，支付农民费用让他们调整灌溉田地的时间来为候鸟创造栖息地。故选A。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段第一、二句““Althoughmarket-basedsolutionsshouldn’tbetheonlyanswer,theyare‘apieceofthepuzzle’”,saysNatalia,aconservationecologistatUCSantaCruzwhoisnotinvolvedwithBirdReturns.DanielKarp,aresearcheratDavis,seestheprogramasarareconservationwin.(“尽管基于市场的解决方案不应该是唯一的答案，但它们是‘拼图的一部分’，”加州大学圣克鲁斯分校的保护生态学家Natalia说，她没有参与鸟类回归计划。戴维斯大学的研究人员DanielKarp认为，该项目是一次罕见的保护胜利)”可知，Natalia认为基于市场的解决方案不应是唯一答案，但它们是拼图的一部分；Karp则认为该项目取得了难得的保护成果。由此可推知，Natalia和Karp都认为这个项目是一个有益的尝试。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ican’trecallexactlyhowtheconceptof“Attic(阁楼)notebooks”cametome,butitpaidoff.Ikeepusingthismethodbecauseitalwayssurprisesmeandhasprovenitsworthtimeandagain.____36____Youwriteinitregularlyinshortsessions.Theruleisthatyoudon’tlookbackatwhatyou’vewrittenuntilthenotebookisfull.Youjustkeepmovingforwardandneverlookback.Itisverysuitabletofinishwritinganotebookinaboutamonth.Onceit’sfull,youcloseit,writethedateonit,andputitasideforalongperiodofnolessthanamonth.Whenyoufinallyreadit,it’slikestumbling(蹒跚)uponastrangenotebookinanattic,filledwithallkindsofstories,poems,andideas.Fun,non-goal-directedwritingexercisescanhelpyougetintoastateofflow.Itisreallygoodforyourcreativityandyourwork.____37____Evenjustafewminutesofwritingeachdaycanhaveasignificantimpact.Mynovelisverydiffer