2021北京门头沟高三二模英语(教师版)

1/12021北京门头沟高三二模英语2021．4考生须知1．本试卷共12页，共100分，考试时长90分钟。2．请将条形码粘贴在答题卡相应位置处。3．试卷所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。请使用2B铅笔填涂，用黑色字迹签字笔或钢笔作答。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。“Wow,Mubeenisyourbrother?Heissuchawonderfulkid.”Mynewteacherwentonandonabouthow1Mubeenwas.Iamproudofmybrother,butIwastiredofpeopleexpectingmetobeasperfectasheis.Iwasangry,forallthe2gottome.IwantedtobeknownasShameera,notasMubeen’ssister,orworseafemalecopyofhim.Thisyear,Mubeenwas3toCornellUniversity.Actually,thatwasabigprideforourschool.Isaidtomybrother,“Everyoneis4me.Butthatreallymakes5becauseevenwhenyouleave,your6willliveon.I’mafraidyou’regoingtohaunt（使苦恼）me.”Mubeenlaughedandsaid,“Don't7.Iwon’thauntyou.AndI’m8thatyou’regoingtobethesecondtogotoanIvyLeagueuniversity.”Recently,IspoketomyhistoryteacherabouthowIdidn'tlikebeingcomparedwithactivitiesmoreandyou’remoreunderstanding.”WheneverIrememberthesewords,theymakemehappy.Thisschoolyearismyfirstyearofschoolwithoutmybrother.Ifinallyhavethechancetoestablishmyown10.IfeellessstressedandIammoreappreciatedasmyselfnow.1.A.excellent B.energetic C.easygoing D.enthusiastic2.A.comments B.confusion C.consultation D.resolution3.A.attached B.devoted C.admitted D.entitled4.A.questioning B.congratulating C.criticizing D.disturbing5.A.puzzled B.excited C.annoyed D.amused6.A.influence B.attempt C.choice D.memory7.A.imagine B.bother C.quit D.worry8.A.honored B.determined C.convinced D.satisfied9.A.takechargeof B.takepartin C.takeover D.takeup10.A.preference B.passion C.motivation D.identity第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ABlindboxesarepopularwiththeyoungpeoplenowadays.Archaeologicalblindboxes11(make)byseveralmuseumsinChinaaretrendingonamajoronlineshoppingplatform.Theidea12(receive)wildlybymanyfanseversinceitwasreleased.Mostoftheblindboxesaresoldoutassoonastheyarerestockedeveryday.“Youdon'tknowhowdifficultarchaeologyisuntilyou’vedoneityourself,”abuyersaid,expressingheradmiration13archaeologistsandrecommendingthateveryonetryit.BAfteratwo-week-longtriptoChina,DarbecameaskillfuluserofWeChat,anapplicationthatalmosteveryChinesewoulduseintheirdailylife.DuringhisstayinBeijing,Dar14(recommend)hisfamilyandfriendstodownloadWeChatsothattheycouldcontactthroughfreeWeChatvideocalls.Andviathefunctionoftranslation,Darfounditeasyandefficient15(understand)whathisfriendsweresaying.AsoneofthemanyChineseinnovationsnowadays,WeChatisonlyaglimpseoftheenergyand16(create)intoday’sChina.CSmartphonesarebecomingmoreandmoreofanecessityforhighschoolstudents.Therefore,adiscussionwasheldabout17theseniorschoolstudentsshoulduseoursmartphonesatschool.People18(support)theideaconsideritconvenienttocontactthestudents’parentswhennecessary.However,peoplewhoareagainstitfindsomestudentsareaddictedtoplayingthesmartphoneseasily,19effectontheirstudiesisquiteworrying.Itiseven20(bad)thatsmartphonescanalsodiscouragestudents’will.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIfyoutrulywanttolive,youneedtogetoutandseetheworld.Travelingandlivingdifferentadventuresmaybecomeyourfavoritelifestyle.Hereisabriefintroductionaboutthetopthreedestinationstovisitintheworld.ParisFirstonthelistisParis,France.Forsomepeople,thisshouldn’tbeasurprise.Forothers,theymightconsiderParisoverratedasithasareputationforbeingdirty.Anymajorcityintheworldmightbethoughttobedirtybyanyonenotlivinginacity.Itcomeswiththeterritory.ThereasonParisisatthetopofthislistisnotbecauseofitsfamousattractionsbut

becauseofitscharm.Youcanspendthedaywalkingaroundcobblestonestreetsandenjoyelegantcafesandhigh-endshopping.Whenyoufinishsatisfyingyourappetite,youcanrelaxonthebanksoftheSeineRiver.GlacierNationalParkGlacierNationalParkcomesinsecondonthelist.ItislocatedinMontana,America.Itwillbewellworththeeffortthankstosnow-cappedmountains,crystalbluelakes,seventymilesofhikingtrails,andthirteencampingareas.Ifyouvisitduringthesummer,youcangoswimmingorwhite-waterrafting.Ifyouvisitduringthewinter,youcangoskiingorsnowshoeing.Buttherealallure(诱惑力)andwhatyouwillalwaysrememberisthe

breathtakingscenery

andfreshmountainair.BoraBoraThereasonBoraBoraisthethirdonthislististhatit’sexpensive,whichcouldlimityourothertravelplans.Ifyoudomakeittothissmallislandparadise,youwillfindpeacefulbeaches,jungles,luxuryaccommodations,turquoisewater,andsomeofthefriendliestpeopleyouhaveevermet.Othervacationdestinationsthatshouldbeonyourlistifyou’relivingtheadventurouslifestyleincludeLondon,theSouthIslandofNewZealand,Maui,Tahiti,Tokyo,BarcelonaandNewYorkCity.21.Touristscan______toappreciatethecharmofParis.A.enjoyelegantcafesB.visititsfamousattractionsC.walkaroundcrystalbluelakesD.meetthefriendliestpeopleyouhaveevermet22.WhichofthefollowingpointsinGlacierNationalParkwillreallyattracttourists?A.Peacefulbeaches.B.White-waterrafting.C.The

breathtakingscenery.D.Snow-cappedmountains.23.What’sthepurposeofthispassage?A.Tocomparethetopthreedestinations.B.Tointroducethetopthreedestinations.C.Toencouragepeopletoliveanadventurouslifestyle.D.Toanalyzethegoodandbadpointsofthethreedestinations.BWhilemanypeopleprefertobuyanewdogfromabreeder,anotheroptionistoadoptarescuedog.AstheSvilicicsalreadyhadahealthydaughterCharlotte,theyfeltfortunateenoughtosaveanotherlife.Thus,CatherineadoptedadogandnameditKhan.Catherinewashopefulthiswouldprovidevaluablelessonsforherbaby,suchassharing,learningtoloveandresponsibilitytocareforanimals.TheytrainedKhanduringthefirstfewdaysandeverythingbegansmoothly.Charlotteandthenewdogmadeahabitofplayingoutinthebackyard.However,thingsweredifferentthisday.Theybeganrunningthroughthebackyardgrasstogether.ThatwasuntilKhan’stemperamentseemedtochangedramatically.Khanbeganactingwildlyaggressively(富于攻击性的),grabbingthebaby.Thiswasnotthenormalplaybetweenthetwo.Mouthopen,Catherinewatchedincompleteanduttershock.ShewatchedasKhantossed(抛)Charlotteacrosstheirlawn.WhathappenednextalarmedCatherineandeveryonepresent.Hetightlyclenchedhisjawsintoherdiapertotossherbackandforth.Therefore,withurgency,sherantoCharlotteandcarriedhertosafety.Miraculously,herchildwasunharmed.WhileCatherinebroughtherbabytoshelter,Khanbarkedmadlyandthencollapsed.Thedogbegancrying.Nooneunderstoodwhatwasgoingon!Khanwasobviouslynotdoingwell.Thedogcontinuedcryingandthenfelllifeless.Catherinefocusedonthedog,watchinghisdyingeyesandrealizedhehadbeenprotectingherchild.ItturnedoutthatKhanwasprotectingCharlottefromapoisonous,dangeroussnake.Sheusedallherstrengthtobringthedogtohercarandspedforthevet,hearinghisbreathslow.Whenthevettookover,Catherinecriedandfelttotallyhelpless,sosheprayedforhisrecovery.Thevethadtoremoveallthesnakepoisonfromthebody.Quiteafewdayslater,Khanwasslowlygettingstrongerthroughthevet’seffort.Eventually,hemadeprogressandthesnake’svenomwasremoved.Actually,Khanimpressedeventhevetwithhisrapidrecoveryandprogress.Thewholefamilycouldbereunitedonceagainwiththisamazingandheroicanimal.Catherinewasdeterminedtoprotectthisamazinganimalasifitwereherownchild.24.WhatcausedCatherinetocarryherchildawayfromKhan?A.ThatKhantossedherchildbackandforth.B.ThatKhangrabbedherchildaggressively.C.ThatKhantossedherchildacrosstheirlawn.D.ThatherchildplayedwithKhanforsuchalongtime.25.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.CatherineadoptedKhantoprotectherchild.B.Khan’ssicknesswastooserioustobecured.C.Thechildwashurtbecauseshewastreatedbadly.D.Khanwasattackedbyasnakeinordertoprotectthechild.26.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordcanbestdescribeCatherine?A.Outgoing. B.Caring. C.Faithful. D.Honest.CImaginesomeonehadaknifeandtoldyou,“Thisisagreatknife.Theonlyproblemisthatitcan’tcutanything.”You’dthinkit’snotagreatknife.“Telos

istheGreekwordthatAristotleandothersusetodefinetheendorpurposeofsomething,”

JonathanHaidt,professoratNewYorkUniversitySternSchoolofBusiness,saysinarecordedlecture

attheUniversityofColoradoSprings.The

telos

ofaknifeistocut.What,Haidtasks,isthe

telos

ofauniversity?​Truth—that’sthepurposeofhighereducation,Haidtsays.Theacademyaimstobeastagewheretruthissought,discovered,andexplored.Whentheuniversityisfunctioningatitsbest,studentslearntopresentargumentsandreceivedebateinfollowingtruth.Aretoday’suniversitiesachievingtheirpurpose?Inhislecture,Haidtsuggeststhatchangesincampuscultureoverthepastdecadehavererouteduniversityresourcesawayfromthepursuitoftruthandtowardscreatinganemotionallyandintellectuallycomfortableenvironmentforstudents.“Fromoutofnowhere,studentsin2014beganaskingfortriggerwarnings,”Haidtsays.Agrowinggroupamongstudentbodiesandadministratorsseemedtobelievestudentswerefragileandneededtobeaggressivelyprotectedfrom“bad”ideas,offensive(攻击性的)imagery,andannoyingarguments.Studentsbeganprotestingspeakers,andpubliclyshamingpeerswhosewordsmadethemuncomfortable.Therearemanyplacesandinstitutionswhosepurpose,or

telos,iscomfort.Butauniversityisnotoneofthoseplaces.Tomakethatpoint,HaidtquotesCNNcontributorVanJones:Idon’twantyoutobesafeideologically.Idon’twantyoutobesafeemotionally.Iwantyoutobestrong—that’sdifferent.I’mnotgoingtosettlethejungleforyou.Putonsomebootsandlearnhowtodealwithadversity(困境).I’mnotgoingtotakealltheweightsoutofthegym.That’sthewholepointofthegym.

This

isthegym.Puttingcomfortoverthepursuitoftruth,universitiesareignoringtheirpurpose.Highereducationshouldbeastageofopenexplorationandfreeexpression,whereideasareexchanged,tested,andinspected.Acommoneducationshouldbe“aninvitationtobeconcernednotwiththeemploymentofwhatisfamiliarbutwithunderstandingwhatisnotyetunderstood,”

according

tophilosopherMichaelOakeshott.Whatisthesocialinfluenceifuniversitiesfailtoachievetheirpurpose?Newgenerationscouldlosemorethanacademicpower;theycouldlosetheabilityandinteresttopursueandprioritizetruthfirst.Theycouldbecomesodependentonemotionalcomfortthattheyrefusetoobservedeepinthought“whatisnotyetunderstood”.Anyhow,thisishappeninginreality.It’stimeforuniversitiestorealizetheir

telos,orthey’llrisklosingtheiressentialroleinsociety.27.Whatdoestheauthorimplybysaying“Thisisagreatknife.Theonlyproblemisitcan’tcutanything”?A.Suchaknifeisnotagoodknife.B.Theroleofaknifeistocutsomething.C.Theproblemsintheuniversitiescanbeignored.D.Universitiesaredivertingfromtheiroriginalpurposes.28.What’sHaidt’spurposetoquoteCNNcontributorVanJones’swordsinParagraph7?A.Totelluswhatagymshouldbelike.B.TotelluswhatHaidtwantstodoinagym.C.Totelluswhatauniversitystudentshouldbelike.D.TotelluswhatVanJoneswantstodoinauniversity.29.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichcouldbetheexampleof“thisishappeninginreality”?A.Studentsareeagertostudynewknowledge.B.Students’abilitytopursuetruthisimproving.C.Studentspreferemotionalcomforttothepursuitoftruth.D.Studentshaverealizedtheirlackofacademicpowerandinterest.30.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Thepurposeofhighereducation.B.Themethodtochooseagreatknife.C.Thecurrentsituationofuniversities.D.Theprocessofrealizinguniversities’purpose.DThebiomedicalworldisfloodedindata.Wehavealotofgenomicinformationfrommousetohuman,precioushealthmeasurementsfromclinicaltests,andalargeamountofso-calledreal-worlddatafrominsurancecompaniesanddrugstores.Usingpowerfulcomputers,scientistshavecarefullyresearcheditwithsomefineresults,butithasbecomeclearthatwecanlearnmuchmorewithanassistfromartificialintelligence.Overthenextdecadedeep-learningneuralnetworkswilllikelytransformhowwelookforpatternsindataandhowresearchisconductedandappliedtohumanhealth.Thisspecialreportexploresthefutureofthisnewtransformation.Rightnowthebiggestassumptionsarebeingplacedinthefieldofdrugdiscovery,andforgoodreason.Theaveragecostofbringinganewdrugtomarketnearlydoubledbetween2003and2013to$2.6billion,andbecausenineoutoftenfailinthefinaltwoperiodsofclinicaltests,mostofthemoneygoestowaste.EverylargedrugcompanyisworkingwithatleastoneAI-focusedstart-uptoseeifitcanraisethereturnoninvestment.Machine-learningalgorithms(算法)cangetthroughmillionsofchemicalcompounds,narrowingthechoicesforaparticulardrugtarget.Perhapsmoreexciting,AIsystems—freebyleadingtheoriesandbiases—canidentifyentirelynewtargetsbyspottingtinydifferencesatthelevelofcells,genesorproteinsbetweenahealthybrainandonemarkedbyParkinson’s—differencesthatmightavoidorevenpuzzleahumanscientist.Thatsamesharp-eyedabilityisalsobeingusedtoexplainmedicalscans.Somesystemscanalreadydiscoverearlysignsofcancerthatmightbemissedbyaradiologistorseethingsthataresimplybeyondhumancapacity—suchasevaluatingcardiovascular(心血管)riskfromaretinalscan.TheFoodandDrugAdministrationisapprovingimagingalgorithmsatarapidclick.OtherAIapplicationslieabitfurtherdowntheroad.Willtheinefficienciesoftoday’selectronichealthrecords(EHRs)besolvedbysmartsystemsthatpreventprescribingmistakesandprovideearlywarningsofdisease?Someoftheworld’sbiggesttechgiantsareworkingonit.Despitefearsthatmachineswillreplacehumans,mostexpertsbelieveartificialandhumanintelligencewillworkcooperatively.Thebiggerconcernisashortageofpeoplewithbothbiomedicalknowledgeandalgorithmproficiency.Ifthishumanproblemcanbesolved,thekeytocreatingsuccessfulAIapplicationsmaydependonthequalityandquantityofwhatweprovidethemwith.“Werelyonthreethings,”saystheCEOofonedeep-learningstart-up.“Data,dataandmoredata.”31.WhydolargedrugcompaniesworkwithAI-focusedstart-up?A.Becauseitisrequiredbythegovernmenttodoso.B.Becauseithelpstoexplorenewmedicinewithothers.C.BecauseitsavescostsfordrugcompaniestoexploreAI.D.Becauseit’susedtocheckifthereturnoninvestmentcanbeincreased.32.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthechangesthatAIhasbroughttothefieldofmedicine?A.Positive. B.Negative. C.Neutral. D.Unclear.33.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.WhyNewTechnologyWillChangeOurLifeB.HowArtificialIntelligenceWillAnalyzeDataC.HowArtificialIntelligenceWillReplaceHumansD.HowArtificialIntelligenceWillChangeMedicine34.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?A.B.C.D.CP:CentralPointP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要点)C:Conclusion第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mobiletechnologyimpactsallareasofourlivestoday.Theearlymobilephones,oftenreferredtoas0Gmobilephones,ledtothephonesusednowwhichrelyon4Gor5Gmobiletechnology.Themobilerevolutionhasenabledglobalcommunitiestoform,butthereareconcernstoo,theimpactofwhichwelookathere.Themobilerevolutionhasseenallofusspendmoretimeonlinethaneverbefore.Whethercatchingupwithfamily,shopping,doingresearch,watchingmoviesorgaming,allofthesearenowallpossibleatanytime,whereverweare.Nowadays,almostallbusinessesoffermobile-accessiblesitesforsmartphonesandtablets.Whetheryouareplacinganorderforanewpairofjeans,researchingthebestfinancialadvisororwantingtoplayacasinogameonthemovelike

blackjackmobile,itisreallyeasytodoallofthese.35Sincethelaunchofsocialmediain1997withSixDegrees,whichalloweduserstouploadaprofileandmakefriendswithotherusers,therearenowmanyothersocialmediaplatformslikeFacebook(2004).36TheseofferglobalcommunicationonascaleneverseenbeforewhichhaveledtotheriseofsocialmovementssuchasBlackLivesMatter.37TheCambridgeAnalyticascandal(丑闻)concerningFacebookinvolvedtheharvestingofFacebookdataof87millionpeoplethatwasusedforadvertisingduringelections.Also,foryoungpeopleinparticular,socialmediacanharmtheirself-worth.Mobiletechnologymeansthatwehaveaccesstoinformationatourfingertips,whereverweare.“Googleisyourfriend”isnowlistedinurbandictionaries,showinghowmanyofussearchforinstantanswerswithoutdoingmorethanpulloutourphonesoraskAlexa.38Themobilerevolutionhasalsoseenariseinfitnessdeviceswornonthewrist.Notonlyrecordinglaptimes,fitnessdevicescanalsomonitorpulserates,bloodpressureandsleepingpatterns.39A.Theimpactisnotallpositive.B.Theyhaveanumberoffunctions.C.What’smore,itisverypopularwithyoungpeople.D.Besides,apptechnologymakesthesearchingsimple.E.Youcanbeginagameathomeandcontinueitonthebusortrain.F.Theycanevenofferinstanthealthfeedbackandrecommendations.G.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）（12分）阅读表达（共4小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分）。阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。Judgementisaqualitythatishardtodefinebutimportanttopossess.SirAndrewLikiermanoftheLondonBusinessSchoolsuggeststhatjudgmentis“thecombinationofpersonalqualitieswithrelevantknowledgeandexperiencetoformopinionsandtakedecisions”.Andhearguesthat,thusdefined,judgmentinvolvesaprocess—takingininformation,decidingwhomandwhattotrust,summarizingone’spersonalknowledge,checkinganypriorbeliefsorfeelings,summarizingtheavailablechoicesandthenmakingthedecision.Expertknowledgecanbeusefulinmakingjudgments.Butitisnotthesamething.“Academicshaveexpertknowledge,”SirAndrewobserves.“Theydon’tnecessarilyhavejudgment.”Peoplewithjudgmentknowwhentheyareoutoftheirdepthinmakingadecisionandtypicallythenseektheadviceofsomeonewhohastherightbackgroundandknowledge.“Whilegoodjudgmentisimportanttosuccess,”SirAndrewcautions,“successisnotasignalthattherehasbeengoodjudgment.”Thedegreeofjudgmentrequiredtendstoincreaseaspeopletakeonmoreresponsibility.Thosewithroutinetasksgenerallyhavelimitedscopeforjudgment.Linesupervisorshavesomediscretion(自行决定权).Forachiefexecutive,theproportionofdecisionsinvolvingjudgmentishigh.Decidingnottotakeactionisalsoajudgmentwithpotentiallyseriousconsequences(forexample,“Iwon’tgetvaccinated”or“Iwon’tpaymybills”).Theworldisfullofpeoplewhoselackofjudgmentbroughttheircareersorpersonallifecrashingdown.Manymadethecommonmistakeofassumingeverythingwasfine.Asartificialintelligencegetsusedformoreandmoreroutinetasksintheservicesector,exercisingjudgmentmaybeoneareawherehumansretainanedgeovermachines.Thisisfarfromcertain,however.Withenoughpractice,machinesmaybeabletorecognizetheseimplicitcuesandthusdisplaytheequivalentofgoodjudgment.Butthen,perhapshumanscanbetaught,too.Inthelongrun,oneofthetrickiestaspectsofhumanjudgmentmaybeknowingpreciselywhentoletmachinestakedecisionsandwhentoleaveittopeople.What’sSirAndrew’sdefinitionofjudgement?

41.WhydoesAndrewsaythatexpertknowledgeisnotthesameasmakingjudgements?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartofthefollowingstatementisfalse,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Goodjudgementisimportanttosuccessandasuccessfulpersondefinitelyhasgoodjudgement.43.Pleaselistafactorexcept“judgement”thatcanleadtosuccessandexplainwhy.(about40words)（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）（20分）假如你是红星中学高三学生李华，你们学校下个月即将举办庆祝建党100周年系列活动，请你给学校的英国交换生Jim写一封信，内容包括：1.此次系列活动的内容；2.邀请他参加。注意：1．词数100左右；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：建党100周年the100thanniversaryofthefoundingoftheCommunistPartyofChinaDearJim,Yours,LiHua（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）

2021北京门头沟高三二模英语参考