2022年辽宁省葫芦岛市协作校高二下学期第一次联考英语试题

2021-2022学年辽宁省葫芦岛市协作校高二下学期第一次联考英语试题第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourInterestingActivitiesAPowerStationR&.BbandTowerofPowercomestoMeadowEventParkaspartoftheAfterHoursconcertseriesthisweek.TheyhavemadetheirmarkoveralongcareerbyworkingwithmusicianssuchasAaronNeville,EltonJohnandStevieNicks,andbysingingsongsoftheirownsuchasWhatIsHip?andYou’reStillaYoungMan.ThebandperformsonAugust17.Ticketsare$21to$59.WhistleStopTheworld-famousHarlemGlobetrottersbringtheiramazingperformancetoVirginiaStateUniversityonAugust18.Theteampopularizedthejumpshot,slamdunkandinventedthehalf-courthookshot.Theirstyleandathleticismhaveamazedfansforover95years.Achancetoseethisteamissomethingyouwon’twanttomiss.UndeadorAliveFirehouseTheatrepresentsTheZombieLifeonAugust16-20.Theproductionlookslikeaself-helpseminar(研讨会),whereanexpertoffersasolutiontolife’stroublesbyturningpeopleintozombies.TheplayisanoriginalworkwrittenbyChrisGavaler,anassociateprofessorofEnglishfromWashington&.LeeUniversity.Theshowrunsforeightperformances,andticketsare$33.BackatTheByrdTheByrdTheatrescreensthe1952comedySingin’intheRainonThursday,August19.ThefilmstarsGeneKelly,DonaldO’Connor,andDebbieReynolds,withrealsinginganddancing.OnAugust21,anothercomedy,Pee-wee’sBigAdventure(1985),directedbyTimBurton,willbeshown.Youarewelcome!1.Whichofthefollowingappealstomusicloversmost?A.APowerStation. B.WhistleStop. C.UndeadorAlive. D.BackatTheByrd.2.Wherearepeopleabletowatchasportsshow?A.AtMeadowEventPark. B.AttheByrdTheatre.C.AtFirehouseTheatre. D.AtVirginiaStateUniversity.3.WhatisTimBurton?A.Adirector. B.Awriter. C.Asinger. D.Anengineer.【答案】1.A2.D3.A【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四个精彩的活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据APowerStation部分“TheyhavemadetheirmarkoveralongcareerbyworkingwithmusicianssuchasAaronNeville,EltonJohnandStevieNicks,andbysingingsongsoftheirown”（他们通过与Neville，EltonJohn和StevieNicks等音乐家合作，并通过演唱自己的歌曲，在漫长的职业生涯中留下了自己的印记）可知，该乐队与一些音乐家合作，且TowerofPower乐队将在活动中献唱，所以该活动最吸引音乐爱好者。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据WhistleStop部分“Theworld-famousHarlemGlobetrottersbringtheiramazingperformancetoVirginiaStateUniversityonAugust18.Theteampopularizedthejumpshot,slamdunkandinventedthehalf-courthookshot.”（8月18日，世界著名的哈莱姆环球旅行者队将他们精彩的表演带到了弗吉尼亚州立大学。该队推广了跳投、扣篮和半场钩射。）可知，该活动与篮球表演有关，人们可以在弗吉尼亚州立大学看到该表演。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二句“OnAugust21,anothercomedy,Pee-wee’sBigAdventure(1985),directedbyTimBurton,willbeshown.”（8月21日，另一部由TimBurton执导的喜剧Pee-wee’sBigAdventure(1985)将上映。）可知，TimBurton执导影片Pee-wee’sBigAdventure。故选A项。BIfahumancangetanartificiallimb,whynotananimal?Easiersaidthandonehowever,aswhilethereisatremendousamountofongoingresearchforhumanartificiallimbs,thereishardlyanyforanimals.ButDrTapeshMathur,avetlivinginJaipur,didnotwanttowaitaroundanymore.Heiscreditedwithmakingthe“KrishnaLimb”,India’sfirstartificiallimbforanimals.Tapeshhasbeendesigningartificiallimbsforanimalssince2015andtodate,hashelped90animalsadapttousinganartificiallimb.Fromdesigntoproduction,Tapeshdoesalltheworkbyhimselfathishome-workshop.Heprovidestheartificiallimbsforfree.Tapeshsaid,“Icouldnotbeartoseetheir(thecattle’s)paininshelters.Theseanimalscouldnotvoicetheiranxietyashumanscan,buttheyfeltthepainallthesame.Theywaitedhelplesslyforfoodorforsomeonetocleanthem.AndIkeptthinkingifwecanhelphumanswalkagain,whycan’tsomethingsimilarbedonefortheseanimals?ThusIbeganmyresearch.”Tapeshdesignedhisfirstartificiallimbforatwo-year-oldcownamedKrishna,wholearnttowalkusingthelimb.Producingtheseartificiallimbswasn’taneasytaskinitially,andTapeshrequiredrawmaterial,whichwasexpensive.Polypropylene,whichisusedformanufacturingartificiallimbs,isonlysuppliedinlargequantitiesbysuppliers,andTapeshhadtosourceitfromMumbaiusinghisownsavings.Now,Tapeshdesignscustomisableartificiallimbsfordifferentanimals.“Wegenerallyworkwithcows,horses,anddogs,buthavestartedreceivingapplicationsforotheranimalsaswell.Recently,wegotarequestforalimbforapetparrot.Wearestillworkingonthedesign.”Therearecertainstepsinvolvedindesigning.First,Tapeshtakesthenecessarymeasurements,basedonwhichtheartificiallimbisshaped.TherealchallengecomeswhenTapeshhastovisitanimalslivinginremoteareasashispatientsoftencannotbebroughttohim.Oncetheartificiallimbisready,Tapeshhastovisittheanimalandattachitforfree.4.Whydoestheauthoraskaquestionatthebeginningofthetext?A.Tostresstheimportanceofanimals. B.Toshowthevalueofanartificiallimb.C.Tocarryoutresearchonhumanartificiallimbs. D.Toarousereaders’interestinthefollowingtopic.5.WhatdoweknowaboutDrTapeshMathurfromthetext?A.Hehasraisedabout90animals.B.Heworkswithafamousdesigner.C.Hehasstarteddesigningartificiallimbsrecently.D.HeisthefirstIndiantomakeartificiallimbsforanimals.6.HowdidTapeshgetrawmaterialsforartificiallimbs?A.Byturningtothegovernmentforhelp. B.Bybuyingthemwithhisownmoney.C.Byborrowingthemfromcompanies. D.Byaskinghisfriendsforhelp.7.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A.AnimalsTapeshwantstohelp. B.Thecostofmakinganartificiallimbs.C.Necessarythingsaboutmakingartificiallimbs. D.TherealchallengeTapeshfacesinremoteareas.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.C【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。介绍了斋普尔的兽医塔佩什·马瑟博士被誉为“克里希纳假肢”的创造者，这是印度第一个为动物设计的假肢。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Ifahumancangetaprostheticlimb,whynotananimal?(如果人类都能装假肢，为什么动物不能？)”可知，本文主要讲述的是设计动物假肢，所以作者在文章开头提出了一个问题目的是为了引起读者对以下话题的兴趣。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“ButDrTapeshMathur,avetlivinginJaipur,didnotwanttowaitaroundanymore.Heiscreditedwithmakingthe“KrishnaLimb”,India’sfirstartificiallimbforanimals.(但是生活在斋浦尔的兽医塔佩什·马瑟博士不想再等下去了。他被认为制作了“克里希纳假肢”，这是印度第一个为动物制作的假肢)”可知，他是第一个为动物制作义肢的印度人。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Polypropylene,whichisusedformanufacturingartificiallimbs,isonlysuppliedinlargequantitiesbysuppliers,andTapeshhadtosourceitfromMumbaiusinghisownsavings.(用于制造假肢的聚丙烯只由供应商大量供应，塔佩什不得不用自己的积蓄从孟买采购)”可知，塔佩什·马瑟博士用自己的钱购买制作假肢的原材料。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Therearecertainstepsinvolvedindesigning.First,Tapeshtakesthenecessarymeasurements,basedonwhichtheartificiallimbisshaped.TherealchallengecomeswhenTapeshhastovisitanimalslivinginremoteareasashispatientsoftencannotbebroughttohim.Oncetheartificiallimbisready,Tapeshhastovisittheanimalandattachitforfree.(在设计中有一些特定的步骤。首先，塔佩什进行必要的测量，在此基础上形成假肢。真正的挑战是，塔佩什不得不去探访生活在偏远地区的动物，因为他的病人经常无法被带到他身边。一旦假肢准备好，塔佩什就必须去看望它，并免费为它安装假肢)”可知，最后一段主要告诉我们制作义肢的必备物品。故选C。C“Ifyoulookupinthesky,youprobablysee,atsomepoint,aplane.Andbehindthatplanearewhitelines.Andthat’swhatwecallcontrails(航迹云),”saidMareStettler,anImperialCollegeLondonengineer.It’sbelievedthatplanesaccountforabout3percentoftheclimate-changingcarbondioxidereleaseweaddtotheatmosphereandarewarmingtheplanetinanotherway.Contrailsaremadeupoficecrystals(冰晶)thatformwhenplaneenginesreleaseexhaustthathitsthecoldair.Theicecrystalsreflectincominglightfromthesunbackintospace,whichhasacoolingeffectontheatmosphere.Butcontrailsalsostopheatcomingupfromthegroundfromescapingintospace.It’sreflectedbackdowntowardtheground.Andsothat’sawarmingeffect.Stettlersaid,“Onbalance,contrailswarmtheatmospheremorethantheycoolit.Andthat’sprimarilybecausethecoolingeffectduetoreflectingofsunlightcanonlyhappenduringthedaywhenthesun’sshining,whilethewarmingeffectduetotrappingofoutgoingheathappensallofthetime.Somecontrailscanformcloudsthatlastforupto18hours.Duringthattime,theyspreadout,trappingevenmoreheat.Thisprocessallowscontrailstowarmtheearthaboutasmuchasthecarbondioxidereleasefromplanes.”“Bychangingthealtitudeonlybyacoupleofthousandfeet,eitherupordown,itwouldnolongerformacontrail.Andsowhatwefoundinthestudywasthatbychangingthealtitudeoflessthan2percentofflights,wecouldactuallyeliminatejustunder60percentofthewarmingeffectduetocontrails,”addedStettler.Thisimprovedunderstandingofhowtomanagecontrailspresentsanopportunityfortheairlineindustrytoreduceitsglobalenvironmentalimpact.8.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A.Byaskingquestions. B.Byquotingsomeone’swords.C.Bypresentingexamples. D.Bylistingcomparativestatistics.9.Whatdoweknowaboutcontrails?A.Theycanwarmandcooltheatmosphere.B.Theyareformedbythereflectionofsunlight.C.Theydomoregoodthanharmtotheatmosphere.D.Theyhardlycausethecoolingeffectduringtheday.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminate”inthelastparagraphmean?ABreakawayfrom. B.Runoutof. C.Getridof. D.Putupwith.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Thereleaseofcarbondioxideisincreasing.B.Contrailsareaffectingtheclimateoftheplanet.C.Thealtitudeofplanesislinkedtoglobalwarming.D.Cloudsfromplaneexhaustarecausedbyglobalwarming.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了飞机在空中飞行时会在身后留下航迹云，航迹云会导致地球变暖，对大气环境的影响是弊大于利的，而适当调整飞机的飞行高度可以很大程度降低航迹云的影响。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中““Ifyoulookupinthesky,youprobablysee,atsomepoint,aplane.Andbehindthatplanearewhitelines.Andthat’swhatwecallcontrails(航迹云),”saidMareStettler,anImperialCollegeLondonengineer.(“如果你抬头望向天空，你可能在某个时间看到一架飞机飞过。飞机后面有白色的线。我们称之为航迹云。”MareStettler说道，他是帝国理工学院的一名工程师)”可知，文章开头引述了工程师MareStettler的话，给出了航迹云的概念，也引出了文章主题。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Contrailsaremadeupoficecrystals(冰晶)thatformwhenplaneenginesreleaseexhaustthathitsthecoldair.Theicecrystalsreflectincominglightfromthesunbackintospace,whichhasacoolingeffectontheatmosphere.Butcontrailsalsostopheatcomingupfromthegroundfromescapingintospace.It’sreflectedbackdowntowardtheground.Andsothat’sawarmingeffect.(航迹云是由冰晶组成的，当飞机引擎排出的尾气与冷空气相遇时就产生了冰晶。这些冰晶将太阳射来的光反射回太空里，对于大气有着冷却效果。但航迹云也会阻地球上的热量扩散到太空中去。这些热量被反射回地面。这样又成了加热效果)”可知，航迹云对于大气同时存在降温和加热效果，与A选项描述相符。故选A项。【10题详解】词义猜测题。由划线词所在句前一句“Bychangingthealtitudeonlybyacoupleofthousandfeet,eitherupordown,itwouldnolongerformacontrail.(通过仅改变飞行高度几千英尺，不论是向上还是向下，都不会再产生航迹云。)”可知，研究发现改变飞机的飞行高度可以减少航迹云的形成，则在划线词所在句中，通过调整航班的飞行高度，应当会消除、减少航迹云带来的负面效果，eliminate应表示“消除、排除”，与C选项“摆脱、甩掉”含义最接近。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。浏览全文可知，文章首段引出航迹云这一概念，然后介绍了其对大气环境的正面和负面影响，指出使大气变暖的弊端更大，并在最后一段提出了解决方法，B选项“航迹云正在影响地球气候”符合文章主要内容。故选B项。DHowlikelyyou’retotrustaself-drivingcarofadvicefromartificialintelligence(AI)?Aninterdisciplinary(多学科的)teamfromtheUniversityofKansasledbyrelationshippsychologistOmriGillathhaspublishedanewpaperinthejournalComputersinHumanBehaviorshowingpeople’strustinAIistiedtotheirrelationshiporattachmentstyle.ThenewresearchindicatesthatpeoplewhoareanxiousandunsureabouttheirrelationshipswithhumanstendtohavelesstrustinAIaswell.Importantly,theresearchalsosuggeststrustinAIcanbeincreasedbyremindingpeopleoftheirsecurerelationshipswithotherhumans.GrandViewResearchestimatedtheglobalAImarketat$39.9billionin2019,projectedtoexpandatanannualgrowthrateof42.2%from2020to2027.However,lackoftrustremainsakeyobstacletoadoptingnewAItechnologies.TheresearchbyGillathandcolleaguessuggestsnewwaystoincreasetrustinAI.Inthreestudies,attachmentstyle,thoughttoplayacentralroleinromanticandparent-childrelationships,wasshownalsotoaffectpeople’strustinAI.“MostresearchontrustinAIfocusesoncognitive(认知的)waystoincreasetrust.Herewetookadifferentapproachbyfocusingona‘relationalaffective’routetoincreasetrust,seeingAIasapartnerorateammemberratherthanadevice,”saidGillath,professorofpsychologyatKU.“Findingassociationsbetweenhumans’attachmentstyle—anindividualdifferencerepresentingthewaypeoplefeel,thinkandbehaveincloserelationships—andtheirtrustinAIpavesthewaytonewunderstandingsandpotentiallynewinterventions(干预)tocausetrust.”Theresearchteamincludesinvestigatorsfromawidevarietyofsubjects,includingpsychology,engineering,businessandmedicine.ThisinterdisciplinaryapproachprovidesanewviewonAI,trustandassociationswithrelationalandaffectivefactors.Gillathsaid,“Thefindingsshowyoucanpredictandincreasepeople’strustlevelsinnon-humansbasedontheirearlyrelationshipswithhumans.ThishasthepotentialtoimproveadoptionofnewtechnologiesandtheintegrationofAIintheworkplace.”12.Whatdopeoplemoreconfidentabouthumanrelationshipstendtohave?A.Moreanxietyabouttheirrelations. B.MoretrustinAI.C.Lesstrustinhumans. D.Fewerfriends.13.Whatdoesthenewresearchfocuson?A.Psychology. B.Relationship. C.Cognitiveways. D.Fewerfriends.14.WhatdidGillathtalkaboutinthelastparagraph?A.Thesubjectsthefindingscover. B.Thecurrentstateoftheworkplace.C.Theprospectiveuseofthefindings. D.Theaffectivefactorsoftheresearch.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TrustinAdvicefromAIB.ANewApproachtoIncreasingTrustinAIC.RelationshipsExistingBetweenDifferentDisciplinesD.TrustLevelsinAIPredictedbyHumans’AttachmentStyle【答案】12.B13.B14.C15.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个由堪萨斯大学的关系心理学家OmriGillath领导的跨学科团队进行的研究，表明人们对人工智能的信任与他们的关系或依恋类型有关，这个研究可能促进新技术的采用和人工智能在工作场所的整合。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“ThenewresearchindicatesthatpeoplewhoareanxiousandunsureabouttheirrelationshipswithhumanstendtohavelesstrustinAIaswell.(这项新研究表明，那些对与人类的关系感到焦虑和不确定的人往往对人工智能也不那么信任。)”可知，对人际关系更有信心的人倾向于更多地信任人工智能。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Herewetookadifferentapproachbyfocusingona‘relationalaffective’routetoincreasetrust,seeingAIasapartnerorateammemberratherthanadevice,”saidGillath,professorofpsychologyatKU.(在这里，我们采用了一种不同的方法，专注于‘关系情感’路线来增加信任，将人工智能视为伙伴或团队成员，而不是设备，)”可知，这项新研究重点研究关系情感的路线来增加人们对人工智能的信任。故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“ThisinterdisciplinaryapproachprovidesanewviewonAI,trustandassociationswithrelationalandaffectivefactors.Gillathsaid,‘Thefindingsshowyoucanpredictandincreasepeople’strustlevelsinnon-humansbasedontheirearlyrelationshipswithhumans.ThishasthepotentialtoimproveadoptionofnewtechnologiesandtheintegrationofAIintheworkplace.’(这种跨学科的方法为人工智能、信任以及与关系和情感因素的关联提供了一个新的视角。吉拉斯说：‘研究结果表明，你可以根据人们与人类的早期关系来预测和提高人们对非人类的信任水平。这有可能促进新技术的采用，以及人工智能在工作场所的整合。’)”可知，吉拉斯谈到了这个研究在新视角下，能促进新技术的采用，这属于研究结果的前瞻性的应用。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Aninterdisciplinary(多学科的)teamfromtheUniversityofKansasledbyrelationshippsychologistOmriGillathhaspublishedanewpaperinthejournalComputersinHumanBehaviorshowingpeople’strustinAIistiedtotheirrelationshiporattachmentstyle.(由关系心理学家OmriGillath领导的来自堪萨斯大学的跨学科团队在《计算机与人类行为》杂志上发表了一篇新论文，表明人们对人工智能的信任与他们的关系或依恋类型有关。)”可知，本文介绍了人类的关系或依恋类型与人们对人工智能的信任程度之间的关系，D项“TrustLevelsinAIPredictedbyHumans’AttachmentStyle(根据人类依恋类型预测的人工智能中的信任级别)”，符合题意，适合作标题。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asthecostoflivingrises,manypeoplearedoingeverythingtheycantokeeptheiroutgoingstoanabsoluteminimumwhereverpossible.Fillingupyourcarhasneverbeensounpleasant.____16____.KeepyourpetrolcapclosedOnegoodplacetostartiswiththepetrolcap.Ensuringyourpetrolcapisclosedreallytightcanhelpyourcargainsomeextramileageandgothatlittlebitfurther.Petrolisakindofliquid,andwhentheliquidgetstoohot,it’llevaporate(蒸发)intotheair.____17____,thenthepetrolwillhavenowheretogo.Thisensuresthatyourfuelstaysinthecarratherthanrunningthroughthecapandintotheair.MakeyourcarlighterThisonemightseemobvious,butthelighteryourcaris,thelessworktheenginehasttodo.____18____.Thisisnotsuggestingthateveryoneswaptheirbiggercarsforsomethingsmaller,buttakingoutanyjunkinyourcarthatisn'tneededforthatspecifictripisawisechoice.CheckyourtyrepressuresarejustrightTomakeyourtankworkefficiently,youneedtherestofyourmotortobetoo.Agreatplacetostartiswithyourtyres.Tyrerollingresistance,whichistheeffortrequiredtokeepatyrerollingasyou’redriving,countsforaround15%ofallfuelconsumption.____19____.Notonlydoesitmeanyou’llbedrivingsafely,butyou’llalsobesavingfuel.____20____Cuttingouttheenginealtogetherwheneveryoucanisagoodwaytogo.Ifyou’restuckintraffic,oryou’vebeenstationaryforlongerthanaminuteorso,thenturnyourengineoff.Leavingyourcarrunningevenwhilenotmovingwillburnthroughfuelquitequickly.Notonlythat,butit’salsobadfortheenvironment.A.TurnofftheengineB.BesmoothonthegasC.IfyourcapisextremelytightD.HowevermuchfuelyourcarconsumesE.Theheavierthevehicleis,themorefuelitusesF.HerearesometipsonhowtokeeppetrolcostsdownwhileyoudriveG.Thisconsumptioniswhyit’simportanttokeepyourtyrepressurenormal【答案】16.F17.C18.E19.G20.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述如何在开车时降低汽油成本。【16题详解】根据前文“Fillingupyourcarhasneverbeensounpleasant.（给车加油从来没有这么不愉快过）”以及各个小标题“Keepyourpetrolcapclosed（把油盖盖上）”，“Makeyourcarlighter（让你的车更轻）”，“Checkyourtyrepressuresarejustright（检查一下你的轮胎压力是否合适）”可知本文在讲述如何降低汽油成本。故F项“这里有一些关于如何在开车时降低汽油成本的建议”总起下文。故选F项。【17题详解】根据本段小标题“Keepyourpetrolcapclosed（把油盖盖上）”以及后文“thenthepetrolwillhavenowheretogo.（那么汽油就无处可去了）”可知空处应是油盖盖紧，C项符合。故选C项。【18题详解】根据前文“Thisonemightseemobvious,butthelighteryourcaris,thelessworktheenginehasttodo（这一点似乎是显而易见的，但你的车越轻，发动机需要做的工作就越少）”以及后文“Thisisnotsuggestingthateveryoneswaptheirbiggercarsforsomethingsmaller,buttakingoutanyjunkinyourcarthatisn'tneededforthatspecifictripisawisechoice.（这并不是说每个人都把自己的大车换成小车，但把你车里那些不需要的垃圾拿出来是一个明智的选择）”可知，空处是一个过渡句，在说明与上文相反的一种情况，E项“Theheavierthevehicleis,themorefuelituses（车辆越重，消耗的燃料就越多）”符合文意。故选E项。【19题详解】根据前文“Tyrerollingresistance,whichistheeffortrequiredtokeepatyrerollingasyou’redriving,countsforaround15%ofallfuelconsumption.（轮胎滚动阻力，也就是你开车时保持轮胎滚动所需要的动力，约占所有燃料消耗的15%。）”可知G项“Thisconsumptioniswhyit’simportanttokeepyourtyrepressurenormal（这就是为什么保持轮胎气压正常很重要）”承接上文，说明轮胎气压的重要性，其中consumption为同词复现。故选G项。【20题详解】分析空处，可知是小标题，本文其他小标题都是祈使句型，以及根据后文“Cuttingouttheenginealtogetherwheneveryoucanisagoodwaytogo.（无论何时，只要你能关掉引擎是一个好方法。）”可知A项“关掉引擎”为本段的标题。故选A项第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenWendyMcDowellwas8yearsold,shefoundherselfall____21____inoneofthebusiestinternationalairportsintheUnitedStates.Itwas1979,andMcDowellneededto____22____fromBismarck,N.D.,toBurlington,VT.____23____inherfamilycouldgowithher,soherparentsdecideditwouldbesafefora19-year-oldfamilyfriendto____24____her.Whentheyarrivedfortheirlayover(中转停留)atChicago’sO’HareInternationalAirport,they____25____theirconnectingflightwas____26____.WhatthefamilyfrienddidnextstillfrightensMcDowelltothisday.“SheleftmeintheChicagoO’HareAirportasan8-year-oldwithnoflight,noplan,noadult____27____me—justliterallywalkedaway,”shesays.“Irememberjustfeelingso____28____.”Andshefeltallalone,untilawomanwalkedovertoher.“Iremembershewaswearingwhite,andshecameandsatnexttome,”McDowell____29____.“AndIjustrememberimmediatelyfeelingasenseof____30____becausesomeonewaswithme.”“AndshejustreallygentlyspoketomeandaskedmewhereIwasgoingandwheremymotherwas,”McDowellsays.AfterreassuringMcDowell,thewomanconvincedhertosharehermother’s____31____number.Aftergettingthrough,she____32____McDowell’smotherthatherdaughterwouldbesafewithher.McDowellherselflethermomknowshefeltsafe.ThewomaninwhitewasflyingtoPittsburgh,butshemadeadetour(绕道)toBurlingtontodropoffMcDowell.The____33____ofthestrangerhasleftalifelongimpactonMcDowell.Shehasusedthatexperiencetoteachhersonaboutkindness.“Iwanthimtoknowthatpeoplecanchoosetobebeautifuland____34____andprovidesecurityandthatpeoplelikethisareoutthere,”shesays.“SoIjust____35____itmorethanwordscanreallyexpress.”21.A.confused B.calm C.lost D.alone22.A.walk B.drive C.fly D.bicycle23.A.Nobody B.Someone C.Anybody D.Everyone24.A.leave B.teach C.guide D.accompany25.A.inspected B.found C.predicted D.considered26.A.repaired B.abandoned C.canceled D.delayed27.A.inplaceof B.inchargeof C.inhonorof D.incaseof28.A.desperate B.ashamed C.guilty D.bored29.A.complains B.recalls C.explains D.promises30.A.belonging B.justice C.freedom D.safety31.A.phone B.ID C.house D.job32.A.informed B.warned C.convinced D.suggested33.A.kindness B.determination C.courage D.awareness34.A.resourceful B.helpful C.thankful D.careful35.A.realize B.recognize C.appreciate D.present【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.D25.B26.C27.B28.A29.B30.D31.A32.C33.A34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了温迪·麦克道尔8岁的时候独自在美国国际机场，这时一个善良的陌生女士，陪同她，给她家里打电话告知温迪·麦克道尔平安。陌生人的善良给麦克道尔留下了终生的影响。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当温迪·麦克道尔8岁的时候，她发现自己一个人在美国最繁忙的国际机场之一。A.confused困惑的；B.calm平静的；C.lost迷路的；D.alone独自一人。根据“SheleftmeintheChicagoO’HareAirportasan8-year-oldwithnoflight,noplan,noadult____me—justliterallywalkedaway,”可知，她发现自己一个人在美国最繁忙的国际机场之一。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是1979年，麦克道尔需要从北达科他州俾斯麦飞往佛蒙特州的伯灵顿。A.walk散步；B.drive开车；C.fly飞行；D.bicycle骑自行车。根据“inoneofthebusiestinternationalairportsintheUnitedStates.”可知，麦克道尔需要从北达科他州的俾斯麦飞往佛蒙特州的伯灵顿。故选C。【23题详解】考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：她的家人都不能和她一起去，所以她的父母认为让一个19岁的家庭朋友陪她去比较安全。A.Nobody没有人；B.Someone某个人；C.Anybody任何人；D.Everyone每一个人。根据“soherparentsdecideditwouldbesafefora19-year-oldfamilyfriendto4her.”可知，没有家人能陪同她坐飞机。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的家人都不能和她一起去，所以她的父母认为让一个19岁的家庭朋友陪她去比较安全。A.leave离开；B.teach教学；C.guide引导；D.accompany陪伴。根据“3inherfamilycouldgowithher,soherparentsdecideditwouldbesafefora19-year-oldfamilyfriend”可知，家人不能陪同她坐飞机，家里的朋友陪她更安全。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们抵达芝加哥奥黑尔国际机场转机时，他们发现转机航班被取消了。A.inspected视察；B.found发现；C.predicted预测；D.considered考虑。根据“theirconnectingflightwas____.”可知，他们到机场后发现转机航班被取消。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们抵达芝加哥奥黑尔国际机场转机时，他们发现转机航班被取消了。A.repaired修理；B.abandoned抛弃；C.canceled取消；D.delayed耽误。根据“SheleftmeintheChicagoO’HareAirportasan8-year-oldwithnoflight”可知，转机航班被取消了。故选C。【27题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：她说:“她把我留在芝加哥奥黑尔机场，那时我还是个8岁的孩子，没有航班，没有计划，没有大人管我——她就这么一走了之。”A.inplaceof替代；B.inchargeof负责；C.inhonorof为了纪念；D.incaseof以防。根据“SheleftmeintheChicagoO’HareAirportsan8-year-oldwithnoflight,noplan”可知，家里的朋友留下8岁的麦克道尔独自在机场，没有大人陪同。故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我记得当时我感到非常绝望。A.desperate绝望的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.guilty有罪的；D.bored无聊的。根据“SheleftmeintheChicagoO’HareAirportasan8-year-oldwithnoflight,noplan,noadult8me—justliterallywalkedaway,”可知，麦克道尔很绝望。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得她穿着白色的衣服，她走过来坐在我旁边，麦克道尔回忆道。A.complains抱怨；B.recalls回忆；C.explains解释；D.promises答应。根据“Iremembershewaswearingwhite,andshecameandsatnexttome,”可知，这是她在回忆。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我记得当时我l立即有一种安全感，因为有人和我在一起。”A.belonging财产；B.justice公平；C.freedom自由；D.safety安全。根据“becausesomeonewaswithme.”可知，她感觉安全。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在让麦克道尔放心之后，这名女子说服她分享了母亲的电话号码。A.phone电话；B.ID身份证；C.house房子；D.job工作。根据“Aftergettingthrough,”可知，这名女子要了电话号码，打电话，故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：打通电话后，她让麦克道尔的母亲相信，女儿和她在一起会很安全。A.informed通知；B.warned警告；C.convinced确信；D.suggested建议。根据“thatherdaughterwouldbesafewithher.”可知，打电话是为了让麦克道尔妈妈放心。故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：陌生人的善良给麦克道尔留下了终生的影响。A.kindness善良；B.determination决心；C.courage勇气；D.awareness意识。根据“AndshejustreallygentlyspoketomeandaskedmewhereIwasgoingandwheremymotherwas,”以及“Shehasusedthatexperiencetoteachhersonaboutkindness.”可知，那个女子陪伴8岁的麦克道尔，她的善良给麦克道尔留下了终生的影响。故选A。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说:“我想让他知道，人们可以选择美丽、乐于助人、提供安全感，像这样的人就在那里。”A.resourceful机敏的；B.helpful有帮助的；C.thankful感激的；D.careful小心的。根据“providesecurityandthatpeoplelikethisareoutthere,”可知，这种行为是有帮助的。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“所以我的感激之情无法用语言来表达。”。A.realize意识；B.recognize认出；C.appreciate感激；D.present呈现。根据“AndIjustrememberimmediatelyfeelingasenseof10becausesomeonewaswithme.”可知，麦克道尔对女子的善良行为表示感激。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ataheightof556.36meters,HeavenlyJinrestaurantinShanghaiwascertifiedbytheGuinnessWorldRecordsasthe____36____(high)restaurantinabuildingonTuesday.____37____previousrecordholderwasAT.MOSPHERErestaurantinBurjKhalifa,Dubai.____38____(locate)onthe120thfloorofShanghaiTower,thetallestbuildinginChina,HeavenlyJinispartofJHotel,a____39____(lead)high-endhotelbrandintravelandhospitality(服务).LastTuesday,GuinnessWorldRecordsjudicatorMaggieLuo____40____(confirm)theresultbeforeissuingacertificateanduncoveringaplaque(匾额)ataceremonyonTuesday.“Thisrecordis____41____greatsignificancetous.TheheightoftherestaurantisproofofthededicationoftheHeavenlyJinmanagementandoperationalteams,”saidJennyZhang,generalmanagerofJHotelShanghaiTower.“Wewelcome____42____(guest)fromallovertheworldwithahigherlevelexperienceabovetheclouds.ApartfromthefantasticviewsoftheShanghaiskyline,therestaurantalsooffersEuropean,JapaneseandChinesecuisinesforlunchanddinner,aswellasafternoontea.____43____youseeandfeelherewillleaveanunforgettable____44____(impress)onyou.Allofyouwillfinditagoodchancetorelaxaswellasentertain____45____(you).”【答案】36.highest37.The38.Located39.leading40.confirmed41.of42.guests43.What44.impression45.yourselves【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了上海天锦餐厅被吉尼斯世界纪录认证为楼内最高餐厅。【36题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：周二，上海天锦餐厅以556.36米的高度被吉尼斯世界纪录认证为大楼内最高的餐厅。结合句意和空格前定