广东省佛山市2024-2025学年高三上学期教学质量检测（一）英语 含解析

2024~2025学年佛山市普通高中教学质量检测(一)高三英语本试卷共8页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号填写在答题卡上，将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALookingforatasteoftrueAthenianlife?Koukaki,asoutheastneighborhoodofAthens,offersaperfectmixofhistoricbakeries,cafes,andbars.Tofullyappreciateit,afewfriendsandIrecentlywentonaneveningtourofKoukaki,undertheexpertguidanceofTheodore.OuradventurestartedwithPandora,oneoftheoldestbakeriesinKoukaki,hiddenonanarrowstreetclosetotheAcropolis.Famousforitsheavenlypies,anessentialpartoftheGreekdiet,Pandorausesspecialhomemadepastryandpreparesthemon-sitedaily.Wetriedthespinachandcheeseandchickenpies,bothdeliciousandaperfectstarttoourtour.Next,wevisitedPantopolion,apopularlocalshopthatfeaturesgenuineGreekfoodspecialtiesandawidevarietyofGreekdrinks.WewereservedsomeGraveiracheese,coldcutsofsmokedmeat,olives,andthefamousalcoholMastihaOurthirdstopwasTavernThomas,jrestaurantthataimstobringbacktheflavorsofAthensfromthe1950s.LedbypassionateheadchefDimitrisPanayiotou,weweretreatedtosomeoliveoiltastingwithhome-bakedbreadandtraditionaldisheslikefavabeanpureeandzucchiniballs.Wewasheditalldownwithanexcellentlocalwhitewine,Malagousia.Itwasapleasantexperience.Ourtourendedwithasit-downdinneratDyoDekaresOka,oneofthemostcomfortablerestaurantsinAthens.Runbythreebrothers,itfeelsmorelikeagatheringoffriendsandfamily.Wetastedahomemademoussaka,roastedeggplant,andspecially-cookedchickpeas.TheodorethentookusonawalkthroughTsamiKaratasou,oneofthemostbeautifulstreetsinAthens,toadmireitsclassicalarchitecture.IfyouwanttodigintoGreekfoodculture,thistourisperfect.Remembertocomehungryandskiplunch!1.Wheredidtheeveningtourbegin?A.Atacafé.B.Atabakery.C.Atashop.D.Atabar.2.WhatisTavernThomastryingtorecreate?A.Winesofhighquality.B.Flavorsfromthepast.C.Cuisinesofmodernstyle.D.Disheswithahomelytaste.3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.ToshareafoodtourinGreece.B.TopromotetourismofGreece.C.TodescribeaGreekhistoricalsite.D.TointroducetraditionalGreekfood.【答案】1.B2.B3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己和朋友在专家西奥多的带领下，在雅典东南部的库卡基社区进行的一次美食之旅，介绍了所参观的几个地方的特色美食和体验，最后推荐读者也来参加这样的美食之旅。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“OuradventurestartedwithPandora,oneoftheoldestbakeriesinKoukaki,hiddenonanarrowstreetclosetotheAcropolis.(我们的冒险之旅从潘多拉开始，这是库卡基最古老的面包店之一，隐藏在雅典卫城附近的一条狭窄街道上。)”可知，这次夜间之旅开始于一家面包店。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“OurthirdstopwasTavernThomas,arestaurantthataimstobringbacktheflavorsofAthensfromthe1950s.(我们的第三站是托马斯酒馆，这是一家旨在重现20世纪50年代雅典风味的餐厅。)”可知，托马斯酒馆试图重现过去的味道。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Tofullyappreciateit,afewfriendsandIrecentlywentonaneveningtourofKoukaki,undertheexpertguidanceofTheodore.(为了充分领略它的魅力，最近我和几个朋友在西奥多的专业指导下，对库卡基进行了一次夜间游览。)”可知作者在西奥多的专业指导下，对库卡基进行了一次夜间游览。再根据最后一段“IfyouwanttodigintoGreekfoodculture,thistourisperfect.Remembertocomehungryandskiplunch!(如果你想深入了解希腊美食文化，这次旅行非常完美。记得饿着肚子来，别吃午饭。)”可知作者建议想深入了解希腊美食文化的游客饿着肚子来，别吃午饭，可推理出作者写这篇文章的主要目的是分享在希腊的一次美食之旅。故选A项。BWhenisashed(小屋)morethanjustabuilding?Whenit’sapotentiallylife-savingshelterformenwhoarestruggling.That’stheconcept)aroundwhichtheMen’sShedsmovement-ledbytheUKMen’sShedsAssociation(UKMSA)isdesigned.Whilegardenshedsaretypicallyusedbyindividualsforpersonalprojectsandtheactivitiesthereareoftendonealone,Men’sShedsareallaboutsocialconnectionsandfriendshipbuilding,aswellassharingskillsandknowledge.“Weknowhowwellthemovementhelpswithloneliness,socialisolation(孤立)andbothphysicalandmentalhealth,”saidRobLloyd,theUKMSAspokesperson.Recently,thenationalfinalistsinthe2024ShedoftheYearawardswereannounced,recognizingthegroupsandindividualsthathavehelpedfightlonelinessthatyear.AmongthegroupsistheShrewsburyMen’sShed.SimonRouse,itschairman,talkedabouttheirapproach:“We’vebeentryingtomarrytwothings:capablemenwhohavehealthproblemswithchallengesthatmakethemrealizetheyarestillaliveandhavealottooffer.”Heexplainedthatlocalcharitiesandcommunitygroupshavelonglistsofjobstheywouldlovetodobutcan’tafford.“OurMen’sShedhaswell-equippedworkshopsandskilledmenwithtimeontheirhandsandworriestheymightwanttoparkforawhile,”saidRouse.“Ifweputthetwotogether,it’sawinforthemen,theirfamilies,thelocalcharitiesandcommunitygroups.Ourmembershaveenjoyedsupportingourlocalcommunitythroughavarietyofthings,includingrepairingelectricalequipment,andbuildingahollowreadingtreeaswellasplayequipmentforlocalschools.”Rousesaidthatwinningtheawardwouldbearichrewardforyearsofintenseeffortbymenwhomighthavethoughtthebestwasoverforthem.“Nowwe’llreallyseewhatwe’recapableof,”heenthused.“TheawardwouldgiveourmembersanotherfantasticencouragementforthemtocontinuetospreadthewordaboutthevalueofMen’sSheds.”4.WhatisthemaingoaloftheMen’sShedsmovement?A.Toreachthecompletionofpersonalprojects.B.Tohelpmenwithsocialandhealthchallenges.C.Tohelpimprovemen’sproblem-solvingskills.D.Toexpandtheinfluenceofcharityorganizations.5.HowdoestheShrewsburyMen’sShedhelpstrugglingmen?A.Byinvestinginlocalcharities.B.Byupgradingtheirworkshops.C.Byprovidingmedicalassistance.D.Byengagingtheminvoluntarytasks.6.WhyiswinningtheawardsignificantfortheshedmembersaccordingtoRouse?A.Itguaranteedthemmoreworkchances.B.Itimprovedtheirfinancialconditions.C.Itchangedtheirperceptionofthemselves.D.Itenhancedtheirwell-beingandreputation.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheRiseofGardenShedsforHealth.B.KnowledgeGrowthThroughMen’sSheds.C.FromIsolationtoInspiration:TheShedsStory.D.Men’sSheds:BridgesofHopeandConnection.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国的Men'sSheds运动，该运动旨在帮助面临社交和健康挑战的男性，以ShrewsburyMen'sShed为例讲述了其如何帮助男性，以及获得奖项对成员的重要意义。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Weknowhowwellthemovementhelpswithloneliness,socialisolation(孤立)andbothphysicalandmentalhealth(我们知道这个运动对孤独、社交孤立以及身心健康有很大的帮助)”可知，Men'sSheds运动的主要目标是帮助面临社交和健康挑战的男性。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Ourmembershaveenjoyedsupportingourlocalcommunitythroughavarietyofthings,includingrepairingelectricalequipment,andbuildingahollowreadingtreeaswellasplayequipmentforlocalschools.(我们的成员乐于通过各种事情支持当地社区，包括修理电器设备、建造空心阅读树以及为当地学校建造游乐设备)”可知，ShrewsburyMen'sShed通过让男性参与志愿任务来帮助他们。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Rousesaidthatwinningtheawardwouldbearichrewardforyearsofintenseeffortbymenwhomighthavethoughtthebestwasoverforthem.“Nowwe’llreallyseewhatwe’recapableof,”heenthused.“TheawardwouldgiveourmembersanotherfantasticencouragementforthemtocontinuetospreadthewordaboutthevalueofMen’sSheds.”(Rouse说，获奖将是对那些可能认为自己最好的时光已经过去的男性多年努力的丰厚回报。他热情地说：“现在我们将真正看到我们的能力，这个奖项将给我们的成员另一个极好的鼓励，让他们继续宣传Men'sSheds的价值。”)”可知，根据Rouse的说法，获奖对棚屋成员意义重大是因为它改变了他们对自己的看法，故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Whenisashed(小屋)morethanjustabuilding?Whenit’sapotentiallylife-savingshelterformenwhoarestruggling.That’stheconcept)aroundwhichtheMen’sShedsmovement-ledbytheUKMen’sShedsAssociation(UKMSA)isdesigned.(当一个小屋不仅仅是一座建筑的时候，它什么时候会成为一个潜在的救命庇护所，为那些处于困境中的男性提供帮助。这就是英国男性小屋协会（UKMSA）领导的男性小屋运动的设计概念)”、第二段“Weknowhowwellthemovementhelpswithloneliness,socialisolation(孤立)andbothphysicalandmentalhealth(我们知道这个运动对孤独、社交孤立以及身心健康有很大的帮助)”、第四段“Ourmembershaveenjoyedsupportingourlocalcommunitythroughavarietyofthings,includingrepairingelectricalequipment,andbuildingahollowreadingtreeaswellasplayequipmentforlocalschools.(我们的成员乐于通过各种事情支持当地社区，包括修理电器设备、建造空心阅读树以及为当地学校建造游乐设备)”以及最后一段“Rousesaidthatwinningtheawardwouldbearichrewardforyearsofintenseeffortbymenwhomighthavethoughtthebestwasoverforthem.“Nowwe’llreallyseewhatwe’recapableof,”heenthused.“TheawardwouldgiveourmembersanotherfantasticencouragementforthemtocontinuetospreadthewordaboutthevalueofMen’sSheds.”(Rouse说，获奖将是对那些可能认为自己最好的时光已经过去的男性多年努力的丰厚回报。他热情地说：“现在我们将真正看到我们的能力，这个奖项将给我们的成员另一个极好的鼓励，让他们继续宣传Men'sSheds的价值。”)”可知，文章主要介绍了Men'sSheds运动，该运动通过社交联系等方式帮助男性，是希望和联系的桥梁。由此可知，D项“Men'sSheds:BridgesofHopeandConnection(男性小屋：希望与连接的桥梁)”适合作本文标题。故选D项。CNoninstrumentalinformationseeking,drivenbycuriosity,iscommonindailylife.Previousstudiessuggestthatagingmayreduceoverallinformation-seekingbehaviorandcuriosity.However,fewstudieshaveexaminedwhetherthetypeofinformationsoughtchangeswithage.GretaFastrichinvestigateswhetheradultsexhibitdifferentinformation-seekingbehaviors—specifically,diverse(exploringnewtopics)orspecific(deepeningknowledgeonfamiliartopics)—astheyage.Thestudyinvolved498participantsaged12to79,whoselectedoneoftheprovidedtopics.Participantswerethenpresentedwithshortfactualstatements,followedbyoptionstoeitherlearnmoreaboutthesametopic(specificinformationseeking)orswitchtoanewtopic(diverseinformationseeking).Theycouldreadupto10factsforeachtopicandupto80factsintotalacrossmultipletopics,wishedreadingeachfactandmakingtheirchoices.Datawerecollectedonhowmanyfactseach.Thefactswerepresentedinarandomorder,andtheparticipantscouldspendasmuchtimeastheyparticipantread,whethertheychosetocontinuereadingwithinatopicorswitch,andtheirself-reportedcuriosityinthematerial.Theresultsrevealedsignificantage-relateddifferencesininformation-seekingstrategies.Olderparticipantsreadmorefactspertopic,showingaclearpreferencefordeepeningtheirknowledgeratherthanbroadeningit.Incontrast,youngerparticipantsexhibitedmorediverseinformationseeking,frequentlyswitchingbetweentopicstoexploreawiderrangeofmaterial.Foreachadditionalyearinage,participantswereslightlymorelikelytostaywithinatopicandlesslikelytoexploreanewone.Additionally,theresearchersfoundthatparticipants’self-reportedcuriositywererelatedtotheirinformation-seekingchoices.Participantswhoratedthemselvesasmoreinterestedinafactweremorelikelytocontinuewithinthesametopic.Thishasimplicationsforhownewinformationshouldbecommunicatedtodifferentagegroupsinordertobestsupportmotivatedlearning.Thisconsiderationhasavastrangeofpotentialapplications,fromeducationalcoursedesigntomuseumexhibitarrangementstotheprovisionofhealthinformation.8.Greta’sresearchfocusesonage’simpacton.A.informationprocessing B.informationdistributionC.information-seekingtendency D.information-seekingtechniques9.Whatwereparticipantsrequiredtodointhestudy?A.Providedetaileddataonatopic. B.MaintaintheirinterestinreadingC.Raisetopicstheywanttoexplore D.Readinformationoncertaintopics.10.Whichbestdescribestheage-relatedshiftininformation-seekingbehavior?AGradualandsteady. B.Randomandfrequent.C.Substantialbuttemporary. D.Unpredictablebutmeasurable.11.Whatinsightdoesthisstudyprovide?A.Olderpeopleneedslowerinformationdelivery.B.Informationshouldbetailoredfordifferentages.C.Youngeradultsbenefitfromin-depthinformation.D.Informationshouldbeaccessibletopeopleofallages.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项年龄和寻找信息之间联系的研究，解释了研究开展的经过以及发现。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“GretaFastrichinvestigateswhetheradultsexhibitdifferentinformation-seekingbehaviors—specifically,diverse(exploringnewtopics)orspecific(deepeningknowledgeonfamiliartopics)—astheyage.(格里塔·法斯特里奇调查了成年人是否会随着年龄的增长表现出不同的信息寻求行为——具体来说，是多样化（探索新话题）还是专一化（加深对熟悉话题的了解）)”可知，Greta的研究重点是年龄对信息寻求倾向的影响。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thestudyinvolved498participantsaged12to79,whoselectedoneoftheprovidedtopics.Participantswerethenpresentedwithshortfactualstatements,followedbyoptionstoeitherlearnmoreaboutthesametopic(specificinformationseeking)orswitchtoanewtopic(diverseinformationseeking).Theycouldreadupto10factsforeachtopicandupto80factsintotalacrossmultipletopics,wishedreadingeachfactandmakingtheirchoices.(这项研究涉及498名年龄在12岁到79岁之间的参与者，他们从提供的主题中选择一个。然后向参与者展示简短的事实陈述，然后选择了解更多关于同一主题（特定信息搜索）或切换到一个新主题（多样化信息搜索）。他们可以为每个主题阅读多达10个事实，并在多个主题中阅读多达80个事实，希望阅读每个事实并做出选择)”可知，参与者在研究中被要求阅读特定话题的信息。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Olderparticipantsreadmorefactspertopic,showingaclearpreferencefordeepeningtheirknowledgeratherthanbroadeningit.Incontrast,youngerparticipantsexhibitedmorediverseinformationseeking,frequentlyswitchingbetweentopicstoexploreawiderrangeofmaterial.Foreachadditionalyearinage,participantswereslightlymorelikelytostaywithinatopicandlesslikelytoexploreanewone.(年龄较大的参与者在每个主题上阅读的事实更多，他们明显倾向于加深知识而不是拓宽知识相比之下，年轻的参与者表现出更多样化的信息寻求，经常在主题之间切换，以探索更广泛的材料。年龄每增加一岁，参与者就更有可能停留在一个话题上，而不太可能探索一个新的话题)”可知，随着年龄增长，参与者在信息寻求行为上的转变是随着年龄逐年逐渐发生的，即这种转变是“循序渐进”的。故选A。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thishasimplicationsforhownewinformationshouldbecommunicatedtodifferentagegroupsinordertobestsupportmotivatedlearning.Thisconsiderationhasavastrangeofpotentialapplications,fromeducationalcoursedesigntomuseumexhibitarrangementstotheprovisionofhealthinformation.(这意味着新的信息应该如何传达给不同的年龄组，以最好地支持动机学习。这种考虑具有广泛的潜在应用，从教育课程设计到博物馆展览安排，再到提供健康信息)”可知，这项研究表明信息应该根据不同年龄进行定制，以更好地支持有动机的学习，故选B。DInmosttheoreticalmodelsexamininghowreputationsimpactpeople’sdesiretocooperatewithoneanother,reputationsaredefinedaseithergoodorbad,basedonlimitedinformation.Thesemodelshavetypicallyassumedthatasingleactiondeterminessomeone’sreputation.Thereisalotofinformationavailableaboutpeople’sbehaviorintoday’sworld,especiallywithsocialmedia.AresearchbybiologyprofessorJeshuaPlotkin’steamshowedthatlookingatmultipleactionsandforgivingsomebadactionsisamethodofjudgingbehaviorthatissufficienttosustaincooperation,amethodtheycall“looktwice,forgiveonce.”Thebasicideainthisstudyisthatifyouobservetwointeractionsofsomebodyandatleastoneofthemisanactionthatyouwouldconsidergood,thenyoucooperatewiththatperson,butotherwiseyourejectthem.Theresearchpointsoutthatevenifdifferentpeopleinasocietysubscribetodifferentstandardsofjudgment“looktwice,forgiveonce”stillgeneratessufficientconsensustopromotecooperation.PlotkinsaysthatthismethodmaintainscooperationwithoutreferringtoreputationsreleasedbypublicinstitutionsItoffersanimportantalternativewhenpublicinstitutionsexistbutdecreaseoftrustinthempreventscooperation.Plotkinsaysallresearchersweresurprisedthatthe“looktwice,forgiveonce”strategycouldn’tbedisplacedbyotherstrategies,suchasalwayscooperatingoralwaysrejecting,lookingatmorethantwoactionsfromaperson,orforgivingadifferentproportionof“badactions”.Perhapsmostsurprisinglylookingmorethantwicedidn’tgenerateanadditionalbenefit.“Informationturnedouttobeadoublesedgedsword,sothateven,wheninformationwasfreelyaccessible,individualsweretypicallyunabletouseallofit,”headds.Plotkinnotesthattheoverallsimplicityandreliabilityoftheirfindingsindicatethatthisbehavioralstrategymightbeoldinhumansocieties.Theresearchersseepotentialforanthropologists(人类学家)andbehavioralscientiststobuildontheirwork.12.HowdoesPlotkin’smethodofjudgingbehavior-A(differfrompriormodels?A.Itreliesmainlyonsocialmedia.B.Itemphasizespublicreputation.C.Itrequireslesspersonalinformation.D.Ittakesintoaccountmorebehaviors.13.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthe“looktwice”method?A.Itbroadensthedefinitionofreputation.B.Itdevelopsalternativewaystocooperate.C.Itencouragesconcentrationongoodbehaviors.D.Itaimstoprovideasolutiontosocialproblems.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“consensus”inparagraph4mean?A.Agreement.B.Resources.C.Motivation.D.Benefits.15.Whatisparagraph5mainlyaboutconcerningthe“looktwice”strategy?A.Itseffectiveness.B.Itsapplication.C.Itsdisadvantages.D.Itsinfluence.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了生物学教授JeshuaPlotkin团队的研究成果。该研究提出了一种新的行为判断方法——“看两次，原谅一次”，即通过观察一个人的多个行为，并原谅其部分不良行为，来决定是否与其合作。研究表明，这种方法在促进合作方面具有显著效果，即使在信息自由获取的情况下，个体通常无法使用所有信息。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“lookingatmultipleactionsandforgivingsomebadactionsisamethodofjudgingbehaviorthatissufficienttosustaincooperation,amethodtheycall“looktwice,forgiveonce.”(观察多个行为并原谅一些不良行为是一种足以维持合作的行为判断方法，他们称之为“看两次，原谅一次。”)”可知，Plotkin的方法与之前的模型不同之处在于它考虑了更多的行为。故选D项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Thebasicideainthisstudyisthatifyouobservetwointeractionsofsomebodyandatleastoneofthemisanactionthatyouwouldconsidergood,thenyoucooperatewiththatperson,butotherwiseyourejectthem.(这项研究的基本观点是，如果你观察到两个人的互动，并且至少有一个是你认为是好的行为，那么你就和那个人合作，否则就拒绝他们。)”可知如果你观察到两个人的互动中至少有一个是你认为是好的行为，那么你就和那个人合作，否则就拒绝他们，可推理出这种方法鼓励人们关注好的行为。故选C项。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“Theresearchpointsoutthatevenifdifferentpeopleinasocietysubscribetodifferentstandardsofjudgment,“looktwice,forgiveonce”stillgeneratessufficient…topromotecooperation.(研究指出，即使社会中不同的人有不同的判断标准，“看两次，原谅一次”仍然能够产生足够的……来促进合作。)”可知划线词上文提到了社会中不同的人有不同的判断标准，划线词下文提到了促进合作，可推理出划线单词“consensus”的意思是“共识”，与A项“Agreement(一致)”含义接近。故选A项。15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Plotkinsaysallresearchersweresurprisedthatthe“looktwice,forgiveonce”strategycouldn’tbedisplacedbyotherstrategies,suchasalwayscooperatingoralwaysrejecting,lookingatmorethantwoactionsfromaperson,orforgivingadifferentproportionof“badactions”.Perhapsmostsurprisinglylookingmorethantwicedidn’tgenerateanadditionalbenefit.(Plotkin表示，所有研究人员都感到惊讶的是，“看两次，原谅一次”的策略无法被其他策略所取代，例如总是合作或总是拒绝，观察一个人的两个以上的行为，或者原谅不同比例的“不良行为”。也许最令人惊讶的是，观察超过两次并没有带来额外的好处。)”可知本段提到了所有研究人员都感到惊讶的是，“看两次，原谅一次”的策略无法被其他策略所取代。也许最令人惊讶的是，观察超过两次并没有带来额外的好处，可推理出第五段主要讲述了“看两次”策略的有效性。故选A项。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouhaveeverfeltliketheoddoneout,themisunderstoodartist,ortherebel(叛逆者)withoutacauseinyourfamily,youhavelikelywornthe“blacksheep”title.___16___Thisroleistypicallyassignedtosomeonewho,intentionallyornot,goesagainstthefamily’ssocial,cultural,ormoralexpectations.___17___Onemayfeelleftout,misunderstoodandevenrejected.Luckily,therearewaystoheal(治愈)fromachildhoodspentastheblacksheep.Yourfirststepistoacceptyourindividuality.Youneedtorecognizethatyourdifferencesarenotweaknessesbutstrengths.Youruniqueviewpointsandchoicesmakeyouwhoyouare.Andthereisenormousvalueinthat.___18___Settinghealthyboundariesiscrucialtoyourrelationship.Itisokaytosayno,todistanceyourselffromnegativeenergy,andtochooseyourownwell-being.Thishelpsprotectyourmentalhealthandstrengthenyoursenseofself-worth.Plus:you’dbetterfindacommunityoflike-mindedindividuals,whichcanprovidegreatsupport.___19___Remember,youarenotalone.Therearemanyfolksouttherewhocanrelatetoyourjourney.Sometimes,theimpactofgrowingupastheblacksheepcanbeintense,affectingone’smentalhealthandrelationships.___20___Therapyprovidesasafespacetoexploreyourfeelings,understandthedynamicsthatshapedyourrolewithinthefamily,anddevelopstrategiestomoveforwardinahealthyway.A.Itisamisunderstandingofbadly-behavedteens.B.Acceptancewithinthefamilyisessentialforahealthyrelationship.C.Thetermisnotjustacatchyphrasebutalivedexperienceformany.D.So,celebrateyourdistinctpathandallthequalitiesthatsetyouapart.E.Beingtheblacksheepcancomewithitsshareofpsychologicalchallenges.F.Insuchcases,seekingtheguidanceofahealthprofessionalcanbeinvaluable.G.Sharingexperiencesinanunderstandingenvironmentcanberemarkablyhealing.【答案】16.C17.E18.D19.G20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“害群之马”（家庭中不被理解或叛逆的成员）现象及其应对策略。【16题详解】根据上文“Ifyouhaveeverfeltliketheoddoneout,themisunderstoodartist,ortherebel(叛逆者)withoutacauseinyourfamily,youhavelikelywornthe“blacksheep”title.(如果你曾经觉得自己是个怪人、被人误解的艺术家，或者是家里无缘无故的叛逆者，那么你很可能已经被贴上了“害群之马”的标签)”以及后文“Thisroleistypicallyassignedtosomeonewho,intentionallyornot,goesagainstthefamily’ssocial,cultural,ormoralexpectations.(这个角色通常被指派给那些有意无意地违背家庭社会、文化或道德期望的人)”可知，本句为过渡句，回应上文的“标签”，又引出了下文对“害群之马”角色的详细描述。故C选项“这个词不仅是一个吸引人的短语，而且是许多人的生活经历”符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】根据后文“Onemayfeelleftout,misunderstoodandevenrejected.(你可能会感到被冷落、被误解甚至被拒绝)”可知，后文描述了“害群之马”可能带来的心理感受，本句需要填入的内容应该与这种心理挑战有关。故E选项“成为害群之马会带来一些心理上的挑战”符合语境，故选E。【18题详解】根据上文“Yourfirststepistoacceptyourindividuality.Youneedtorecognizethatyourdifferencesarenotweaknessesbutstrengths.Youruniqueviewpointsandchoicesmakeyouwhoyouare.Andthereisenormousvalueinthat.(你的第一步是接受你的个性。你需要认识到你们之间的差异不是弱点，而是优势。你独特的观点和选择造就了你。这其中蕴含着巨大的价值。)”可知，上文强调了个人独特性的价值，因此第三空应该继续这一主题，鼓励人们庆祝自己的独特性。故D选项“所以，庆祝你独特的道路和所有让你与众不同的品质”符合语境，故选D。【19题详解】根据上文“Plus:you’dbetterfindacommunityoflike-mindedindividuals,whichcanprovidegreatsupport.(另外，你最好找一个志同道合的人组成的社区，这可以提供很大的支持。)”以及后文“Remember,youarenotalone.(记住，你并不孤单。有很多人可以理解你的经历。)”可知，上文建议人们找到可以提供支持的群体，由此可以推断出第四空应该描述在这样的群体中人们可以获得的好处。故G选项“在一个相互理解的环境中分享经验可以显著地治愈”符合语境，故选G。【20题详解】根据上文“Remember,youarenotalone.Therearemanyfolksouttherewhocanrelatetoyourjourney.Sometimes,theimpactofgrowingupastheblacksheepcanbeintense,affectingone’smentalhealthandrelationships.(记住，你并不孤单。有很多人可以理解你的经历。有时候，成长为害群之马的影响可能会很强烈，影响到一个人的心理健康和人际关系。)”以及后文“Therapyprovidesasafespacetoexploreyourfeelings,understandthedynamicsthatshapedyourrolewithinthefamily,anddevelopstrategiestomoveforwardinahealthyway.(治疗提供了一个安全的空间来探索你的感受，理解塑造你在家庭中的角色的动力，并制定策略以健康的方式前进。)”可知，上文提到了影响到了心理健康和人际关系，后文提到了治疗，推测本句是在说明寻求治疗。故F选项“在这种情况下，寻求保健专业人员的指导可能是非常宝贵的”符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myaddictiontobeingrighthadbeenamainstayinmylifeandhadoftencausedtroubleinmyfamily.Thereweremomentswhenmymarriagebecamedifficult,andmykidsgrew___21___.WheneverItriedtokeepcalm,Iwouldlosemyresolveintheheatofthemoment—myhabitseemed___22___.Untilanafternoonwithmygranddaughteropenedmyeyestotheimpactmy___23___washavingonthepeoplearoundme.Wewereplayingaboardgamewhenshemadeamovethat___24___therules.Icorrectedher,butshe___25___makingthesamemistakeagain.Ireadtherulesoutloud.Shesmiledatmeand___26___herhead.“Grandpa,whyareyouso___27___?”sheasked.“It’sjustagame.”Somethingaboutherwordsreallyhithome.Weweren’ttheretobe___28___;weweretheretoenjoyourselves.It’sthe___29___betweenusandthemomentswesharedthattrulymattered.Afewdayslater,mysoncameoverfordinnerandsharedaviewpointthatIthoughtwasnonsense.Butinsteadof____30____,Iquietlyenjoyedmypie.Mygranddaughter’swordsremindedmethatitwasn’tworth____31____thedayjusttoprovemypoint.My____32____surprisedme.ButwhatreallytookmybreathawayasIlistenedtohimwasanewfounddesireto____33____him.Thisexperiencebroughtmea____34____thatfarsurpassedthebriefsatisfactionofwinninganargument.By____35____,IgainedwaymorethanIeverdidbypushingback.21.A.independent B.mature C.distant D.curious22.A.everlasting B.rewarding C.strange D.irresponsible23.A.behavior B.decision C.rules D.challenges24.A.interpreted B.broke C.applied D.changed25.A.gotusedto B.tookpridein C.endedup D.putforward26.A.shook B.dropped C.patted D.turned27.A.rude B.emotional C.prejudiced D.serious28.A.considerate B.careful C.ambitious D.right29.A.trust B.bond C.cooperation D.commitment30.A.listening B.arguing C.pretending D.complaining31.A.celebrating B.missing C.ruining D.ending32.A.discovery B.hesitation C.self-control D.self-protection33.A.doubt B.defeat C.encourage D.understand34.A.chance B.joy C.reminder D.desire35.A.lettinggo B.standingby C.gettingengaged D.givingback【答案】21.C22.A23.A24.B25.C26.A27.D28.D29.B30.B31.C32.C33.D34.B35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过孙女的话学会了放手和自控。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时候，我的婚姻变得困难，我的孩子们变得疏远。A.independent独立的；B.mature成熟的；C.distant疏远的；D.curious好奇的。根据上文“Myaddictiontobeingrighthadbeenamainstayinmylifeandhadoftencausedtroubleinmyfamily.Thereweremomentswhenmymarriagebecamedifficult,andmykidsgrew”可知，因为“我”总是想证明自己是对的，导致家庭关系紧张，这里表示孩子们在成长过程中变得与“我”疏远。故选C。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每当我试图保持冷静时，我就会在最激动的时刻失去决心——我的习惯似乎是永恒的。A.everlasting永恒的；B.rewarding有益的；C.strange奇怪的；D.irresponsible不负责任的。根据上文“WheneverItriedtokeepcalm,Iwouldlosemyresolveintheheatofthemoment—myhabitseemed”可知，这个习惯难以改变，且对他人造成负面影响，似乎是永恒的。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到一个下午，我和孙女在一起，我才意识到我的行为对周围的人产生的影响。A.behavior行为；B.decision决定；C.rules规则；D.challenges挑战。根据上文“Thereweremomentswhenmymarriagebecamedifficult,andmykidsgrew1.WheneverItriedtokeepcalm,Iwouldlosemyresolveintheheatofthemoment”和下文“washavingonthepeoplearoundme”可知，这里表示“我”的行为对周围的人产生的影响。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在玩棋盘游戏时，她做了一个违反规则的举动。A.interpreted解释；B.broke打破；C.applied应用；D.changed改变。根据下文“Icorrectedher”可知，这里表示孙女在玩游戏时违反了规则，所以下文才描述“我”纠正她。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我纠正了她，但她最终又犯了同样的错误。A.gotusedto习惯于；B.tookpridein以……为傲；C.endedup最终；D.putforward提出。根据下文“makingthesamemistakeagain”可知，这里表示尽管“我”纠正了孙女，但她最终还是犯了同样的错误。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她对我笑了笑，摇了摇头。A.shook摇晃；B.dropped掉落；C.patted轻拍；D.turned转动。根据下文““Grandpa,whyareyouso7?”sheasked.“It’sjustagame.””可知，这里表示孙女对“我”笑了笑，然后摇了摇头，表示不赞同“我”的纠正。故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爷爷，你为什么这么严肃？A.rude粗鲁的；B.emotional情绪化的；C.prejudiced有偏见的；D.serious严肃的。根据下文“It’sjustagame.”可知，这里表示孙女觉得“我”在游戏中过于严肃和认真。故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们不是为了正确而来的；我们是来享受自己的。A.considerate体贴的；B.careful小心的；C.ambitious有雄心的；D.right正确的。根据上文“Icor