上海市建青实验学校2024-2025学年高三上学期期中教学质量检测英语试卷（含答案）

2024-2025学年第一学期上海市建青实验学校高三年级英语期中教学质量检测卷(考试时间105分钟；满分115分)I.GrammarandVocabulary(20’)SectionA(10’)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.WhatIfYou'reNotGoodatEnglish?ResearcherswhosefirstlanguageisnotEnglishcanspendaroundtwiceaslongreadinganEnglishscientificjournalarticleasnativespeakers.ForaPhDstudent,thatcanmean(1)_______(spend)upto19additionalworkingdaysperyearjustreadingpapers.Thesestatistics.(2)_______(publish)todayinPLOSBiology,mightnotbeshocking,researcherssay,butit'simportanttomeasuretheeffectsoflanguagebarriersonthecareersofacademics(3)_______arenotfluentinEnglish."Itisthefirststepforthescientificcommunity(4)_______(make)moreeffortstosolvethisproblem",saysTatsuyaAmano,abiodiversityresearcherattheUniversityofQueenslandinBrisbane,Australia,andaco-authorofthestudy.TheteamfoundthatamongscientistswhohadpublishedonlyonepaperinEnglish,scientistsfrom8countries(5)_______Englishisgenerallypoorspent29.8percentmoretimewritingpapersthannativeEnglishspeakers;(6)_______fromcountrieswithmoderateEnglishproficiency(能力)spent50.6%moretime.Similarly,theresearchersfoundthatpeoplefromcountrieswithlowEnglishproficiencyspentanaverageof90.8percentmoretimereadingscientificarticles(7)_______nativeEnglishspeakers.Atconferences,eventhosewhoovercomeobstaclesfacedifficultiesinpresentingtheirworkinEnglish.GermanaBarata,aresearcherwho(8)_______(specialize)insciencecommunicationattheStateUniversityofCampinasinBrazil,saysthatdespitebeingfluentinEnglish,shestillfeelsuncomfortableattimes."We(9)_______(give)thesameamountoftimetopresent,butallthatwecansayin10minutesisdifferentfrom(10)_______anativespeakercansay,"shepointsout.SectionB(10’)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonemorewordthanyouneed.A.accidentallyB.challengeC.controlledD.crucialE.currentlyF.evolvedG.extinctionH.minimizeI.preservedJ.tourismKwarningTheAntarctic:KeytoPlanetEarthThefirstpeopletoreachtheSouthPole-inmoderntimes,anyway-wereRonaldAmundsenandtheNorwegianAntarcticexpedition(探险队),inDecember1911.ExplorershadbeentryingtoreachtheAntarcticforoverahundredyearsbecauseitrepresentedtheserious11:thecoldestandwindiestcontinentintheworld.Nowadays,scientistsfromover27countriesworkintheAntarcticallyearroundandthereisevenasmallamountof12inthesummermonths.Sincethe1960s,peoplehavecometorealizethattheAntarcticholdsthekeytothehistoryofourplanet:past,presentandfuture.Antarcticahas13valuableevidenceofthenaturalhistoryofourplanet.Evidencefromfossils(化石)showshowlife14duringgeologicaltime.TheAntarctichasa15roletoplayinhelpingusunderstandglobalchange.TheAntarcticprovidesvaluableinformationaboutwhatis16happeningtotheozonelayer(臭氧层)andaboutglobalwarming.Scientistsarealsodiscoveringthattheicesheetmaycontributetochangesinsealevel.WhathappensinAntarcticaaffectstheworld'sclimateandtheworld'soceans.ThisiswhytheAntarcticisnowoneofthemost17regionsoftheworld,intermsofregulationsconcerningpollution.Upuntilthe1960s,somespeciesofwhaleandseal(海豹)weredrivenalmostto18byhumanactivitiesinAntarctica.However,duetogreaterenvironmentalawareness,allplantsandanimalsinAntarcticaarenowprotectedbyregulation.Commercialfishingisstrictlylimitedandseveremeasuresaimto19illegalfishing.Therearealsostrictmeasurestocontrolmarinepollution.Antarcticaprovidesinformationonthepast,presentandfutureofourplanet,andcontrolsmajorissuesintherestoftheworld.Inthissense,itisa20becauseittellsuswhatwehavedonewrong.Itisalsoalessonbecausetheregulationsinforcethereshowuswhatcanbedoneandwhatmustbedonefortheenvironment.Itisuptoustolistenandact,beforeitistoolate.II.ReadingComprehension(45’)SectionA(15’)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Fordecades,peoplehaveguessedthatartificialintelligence(AI)willeventuallyreplacehumanworkers.Butdevelopmentsinthepastfewyearshave21theseconcernsascompanieshavereleasedAIthatcananswerquestions,writearticlesandcreateimages.Now,evenpeopleincreativefieldsmustconsiderthe22ofAIreplacingthem.ButmanyexpertsstillinsistthattheseAlprogramsarenosubstituteforhumanability.AIprogramshavethe23toperformsometaskscurrentlyperformedbyhumanworkers.Theseincludemediajobs,suchaswritingadvertisementsandarticles,alongwithmanyjobsinthefinancialfieldsandeventech-relatedjobssuchascomputerprogramming.Alisgoodat24data,sofinancialanalystsandmarketresearchanalystsmayfindtheirjobs25.UsingAIforcertaintasksmaybeagoodthing.PerhapsAIwill26lessinterestingwork,allowingpeopletodomoresatisfyingjobs,justasearliertechnologieshave.Usingamachinetodolaundrysavestime27towashingclothesbyhand,andmanypeopleusethatextratimeproductively.28,Almaybeabletotakeoverdulltasks,liberatingpeopletobetrulycreative,sincethinkingupnewideasissomethingAIcannotdo.AnotherbigchallengeforAIishuman29.Mostpeopleprefertocommunicatewithhumansratherthanmachines.Hence,AIis30toreplacehumansforjobsthatrequirepersonalconnection,suchascounselingorteaching.Arobotcanperformtasks,butitcannot31careaboutothers,andsometimescareiswhatpeopleneed.AIcanprocessdataquickly,butitcanonlyusedatathatitisgiven.Soitcannotadapttosituationsthat32significantlyfromthoseinitsdata.Thus,althoughsomeAlprogramscancreatecontent,noneofthemcanbetrulycreativeasthecontentAIcreateswill33consistofsomecombinationofitssources.Finally,iftheAlreceivesfalseinformation,ithasnowayofrecognizingthatasfalse.Humanscanalsobefooled,butlifeexperiencecantellthemwhetheraclaimisreasonable,anabilitythatAldoesnothave.34,AImustcontinuallybefact-checkedtomakesureitsdata,andthereforeitsconclusions,areaccurate.Thus,althoughAImayreplacesomejobs,othersrequireahuman35.AtbestAImayeliminatecertainboringpartsoftaskssothathumanscanfocusonthingsthatonlytheycando.21.A.deniedB.preventedC.transferredD.intensified22.A.functionB.possibilityC.capabilityD.character23.A.potentialB.scheduleC.objectiveD.ambition24.A.searchingB.providingC.analyzingD.storing25.A.atriskB.atworkC.atlastD.atleast26.A.bringoverB.getoverC.turnoverD.takeover27.A.wastedB.comparedC.consumedD.spared28.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.SimilarlyD.Meanwhile29.A.interactionB.resourceC.resistanceD.creativity30.A.unwillingB.unlikelyC.unfairD.unfortunate31.A.deeplyB.accuratelyC.directlyD.genuinely32.A.evolveB.rangeC.differD.result33.A.inevitablyB.immediatelyC.insignificantlyD.improbably34.A.FrequentlyB.GenerallyC.InstantlyD.Consequently35.A.natureB.needC.touchD.permissionSectionB(22’)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)AllIhadtodoforthetwodollarswascleanHerhouseforafewhoursafterschool.Itwasabeautifulhouse,too,withaplastic-coveredsofaandchairs,wall-to-wallblue-and-whitecarpeting,awhitestove,awashingmachineandadryer-thingsthatwerecommoninHerneighborhood,absentinmine.InthemiddleoftheSecondWorldWar,Shehadbutter,sugarandsteaks.PartofmyprideinworkingforHerwasearningmoneyIcouldspendfreely:onmovies,candy,icecream..ButalargerpartofmypridewasbasedonthefactthatIgavehalfmywagestomymother,whichmeantthatsomeofmyearningswereusedforrealthings--aninsurance-policypaymentorwhatwasowedtothemilkmanortheiceman.Thepleasureofbeingnecessarytomyparentswasgreat.Ihadastatusthatdoinghouseworkathomedidnotprovide--anditearnedmeaslowsmile,anapprovingnodfromanadult.ConfirmationsthatIwasadult-like,notchildlike.Littlebylittle,IgotbetteratcleaningHerhouse--goodenoughtobegivenmoretodo,muchmoreforalittlegirl.Iwasorderedtocarrybookcasesupstairsand,once,tomoveapianofromonesideofaroomtotheother.Iwantedtorefuse,oratleasttocomplain,butIwasafraidShewouldfireme,andIwouldlosethefreedomthedollargaveme,aswellasthestatusIhadathome.Thenoneday,aloneinthekitchenwithmyfather,Iletdropafewcomplaintsaboutthejob.Althoughhelistenedcarefully,Isawnosympathyinhiseyes.PerhapsheunderstoodthatwhatIwantedwasasolutiontothejob,notanescapefromit.Inanycase,heputdownhiscupofcoffeeandsaid,"Listen.Youdon'tlivethere.Youlivehere.Youmakethejob.Itdoesn'tmakeyou."Ihaveworkedforallsortsofpeoplesinethen,quick-wittedanddull,big-heartedandnarrow.I'vehadmanykindsofjobs,butsincethatconversationwithmyfatherIhaveneverconsideredtheleveloflabortothethemeasureofmyself,andIhaveneverplacedthevalueofajobabovethevalueofhome.36.Inparagraph1,theauthormentionedwhatwasinHerhouseinorderto___A.illustrateacommonlifestyleatthetimeB.stressHerlifewasnotsimilartohersC.demonstrateherprideinworkingforHerD.revealthecleaningjobwasnoteasyforher37.Whatwastheauthormostproudofwiththecleaningjob?A.Beingabletobuythingswithoutaskingherparents.B.Helpinghermotheroutbydoinghousework.C.Makingcontributionstothefamilyincome.D.GettingsmilesandapprovingnodsfromHer.38.Theauthorcomplainedtoherfatherbecause___A.shehopedthathecouldnegotiatewithHerB.shedidn'tknowhowtoescapefromthejobC.shehopedthathecouldhelpsolveherproblemD.shedidn'tknowhowtokeepherstatusathome39.Fromhischildhoodexperience,theauthorhaslearnedthat___A.sheshouldtryvariousjobstowidenherhorizonsB.sheshouldneverignorethefreedomherearningsgiveherC.sheshouldconsiderwhoshe'llworkforwhilehuntingforajobD.sheshouldneverjudgeherselfbytheworkshedoes(B)WEFOUNDAFIX1.GetFreeSupportJustwantsomeonetotalkto?At7,youcanconnectwithatrained“activelistener"forfree,completelyconfidentialadvice.Choosealistenerbasedonlocationandlifeexperience,orletthesiteassignsomeonetoyouforaninstantconversation.2.ClipVirtualCouponsLookforcouponcodesonretailerandcash-backwebsites.JustGooglethebrandnameand"promocode"tofindthelatestofferings.Andwhosaysthatwhenyousnooze(打盹),youlose?Sometimesleavingitemsinyourshoppingcartcanadduptosavings.Youmightgetapop-upwithacouponcodetotemptyoutopurchasewhat'sthereorane-mailinyourinboxwithadiscountoffer.3.CutYourTaxBillDoesanyonewanttohearabouttaxes?Maybenot.Butinthisunusualyear(thefirsttimeinhistorythatthefederaltaxdeadlinehasbeenextendedtoJuly15),itpaystostayontopofthings.Thewebsiteissurprisinglyeasytonavigate,andthere'salinkonthehomepagetotheIRS'scoronavirustax-reliefprograms.4.RemoveStubbornFoodStainsGotunattractivecoffeeandteastainsonapot,ormug?Pickupsomedenture(假牙)cleaner.Dissolveonetabletpertwocupsofhotwater,pouritintothestainedvessel,andletitsiteforseveralhours.Thenuseascrubbrushtocleanoffthestainsandanyloosenedbits.Pourthesolutionoutandrinsethoroughly.5.SaveTextingTimeOnelesser-knownsecrettotypingonyourphone:Double-tapthespacebaronthekeyboardwhenyoufinishasentence.Doingsoaddsaperiodandaspace-andautomaticallycapitalizesthenextletteryoutypetostartyournextsentence.6.PreserveYourFragrancesIfyouwishthescentofyourEaudetoilette(香水)orcolognelastedlonger,storeitinthefridge."Growingup,I'dalwaysseemygrandmother'sinthefridge,andshetoldmeitkeptthefragrancelongerandfeltrefreshingontheskin,"saysTVstyleexpertHilaryKennedy."Ilovekeepingminecool,especiallyduringthesummerandfallmonths."Takenote:Verycoldtemperaturescanupsetthebalanceofsomedelicateperfumes.40.Michael,whovaluesefficiencymost,can_____A.turntoatrainedlistenerat7forfreeadviceB.lookforcouponcodesonlinetofindthelatestofferingsC.applyfortax-cutonthegovernment'swebsitethisyearD.double-tapthespacebaronthephonewhentexting41.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Ifperfumeispreservedinthefridgeatverycoldtemperature,itsfragrancewilllastlonger.B.Brushingthestainsoonafterapplyingthedenturecleanercanremovethestubbornone.C.Duetothecoronaviruspandemic,thegovernmenthasprolongedthetaxdeadlineandcuttaxes.D.Leavingitemsinshoppingcartshelpsyousaveasyoucanre-consideriftheyareworthbuying.42.Thepurposeofthispassageisto___A.teachpeoplehowtodealwithemergencyB.arousepeople'sinterestinfixingproblemsC.offertrickstohelpimprovepeople'slifeD.informpeopleofthelatestscientificfindings(C)InaroboticslabontheeasternbankoftheHudsonRiver,NewYork,threesmallrobotshaveaproblemtosolve.Theyaretoldthattwoofthemhavebeengivena“dumbingpill"thatstopsthemtalking.Inrealitythepushofabuttonhassilencedthem,butnoneofthemknowswhichoneisstillabletospeak.That'swhattheyhavetoworkout.Unabletosolvetheproblem,therobotsallattempttosay"Idon'tknow".Butonlyoneofthemmakesanynoise.Hearingitsownroboticvoice,itunderstandsthatitcannothavebeensilenced."Sorry,Iknownow!IwasabletoprovethatIwasnotgivenadumbingpill."itsays.Itthenwritesaformalmathematicalproofandsavesittoitsmemorytoproveithasunderstood.Thisisthefirsttimearobothaspassedaclassictestcalledthewise-manpuzzle.Itsoundslikeasimpletestanditis,onlyskirtingthefoothillsofconsciousness,Butshowingthatrobotscanworkoutthelogicalpuzzlesrequiringanelementofself-awarenessisanimportantsteptowardsbuildingmachinesthatunderstandtheirplaceintheworld.SelmerBringsjordofRensselaerPolytechnicInstituteinNewYork,whoranthetest,saysthatbypassingmanytestsofthiskind--howevernarrow--robotswillbuilduparepertoire(计算机指令表)ofabilitiesthatstarttobecomeuseful.Insteadofthinkingoverwhethermachinescaneverbeconsciouslikehumans,heaimstodemonstratespecific,limitedexamplesofconsciousness.Theytrytofindsomeinterestingphilosophicalproblem,andthenengineerarobotthatcansolvethatproblem,"saysJohnSullins,aphilosopheroftechnologyatSonomaStateUniversity."They'rebarkinguptherighttree."Therobotsmustbeabletolistentoandunderstandthequestion“whichpilldidyoureceive?",asaskedbyahuman.Theymustthenheartheirownvoicesaying"Idon'tknow"andunderstandthatitwastheythatsaidit,connectingthatwiththeideathattheydidnotreceiveasilencingpill.Bringsjord'srobotsmayappearconsciousinthisspecificcase,assessingtheirownstateandcomingtoaconclusion.Butthebroader,deeperintelligencethathumanshaveiscompletelymissing.Therobotscanpassthewise-mantestbutwouldn'thaveahopeofrecognizingtheirownfeet.Bringsjordsaysonereasonrobotscan'thavebroaderconsciousnessisthattheyjustcan'tdealwithenoughdata.Eventhoughcamerascancapturemoredataaboutascenethanthehumaneye,robotsareatalossastohowtoputallthatinformationtogethertobuildawholepictureoftheworld.43.Whatproblemdothethreerobotshavetosolve?A.Whathassilencedthem.B.Whichofthemcanstilltalk.C.Whythedumbingpillfails.D.Whatprooftheyneed.44.WhatdoesJohnSullinsmeanby"They'rebarkinguptherighttree."(inParagraph6)？A.Thethreerobotsaresuretobeabletothinklikehumansinthefuture.B.Thethreerobotsoriginatedfromsomeintelligentanimals.C.Thescientistsareinspiredbythephilosophyoftechnology.D.Thescientistshavetargetedanachievablegoal.45.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Humanbeingsarecapableoflinkingtogetherwhattheysee.B.Questionsareofparticularimportanceinthewise-mantest.C.Moredataisneededforscientiststoknowrobotswell.D.Robotscaneasilylearntoreasonlikehumans.46.Thepassageisintendedto___A.highlightanewwaytostudyrobotsB.introduceaground-breakingexperimentC.illustrateawell-establishedscientificprincipleD.explainaproblemthathaspuzzledscientistsforlongSectionC(8’)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesinthebox.Eachsentencecanonlybeusedonce.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.A.Awealthofsuchdataalreadyexistsforcommonbirds.B.Theyaltogetherwillgeneratenearlyamillionhoursofaudio.C.Thesemachine-learningAlsystemsstillhaveroomforimprovement.D.Suchrecordingscancreatevaluablesnapshots(简介)ofanimalcommunities.E.Thisisatrickyproblembecauseittakeshumansalongtimetodecoderecordings.F.Suchsystemsstartbyanalyzinghundredsofrecordedbirdcalls,each"labeled"withitscorrespondingspecies.ArtificialIntelligenceDevelopsanEarforBirdsongWecanlearnalotfromnatureifwelistentoitmore-andscientistsaroundtheworldaretryingtodojustthat.Frommountainpeakstooceandepths,biologistsareplantingaudiorecorderstoeavesdrop(窃听)onthewhistlesandsongsofwhales,elephants,batsandespeciallybirds.Thissummer,forexample,over2,000electronicearswillrecordthesoundscapeofCalifornia'sSierraNevadamountainrange.47"Audiodataisarealtreasurebecauseitcontainsvastamountsofinformation,"saysecologistConnorWood,aCornellUniversitypostdoctoralresearcher,whoisleadingtheSierraNevadaproject."Wejustneedtothinkcreativelyabouthowtoshareandaccessthatinformation."48Fortunatelythelatestgenerationofmachine-learningAIsystemscanprocessthousandsofhoursofdatainlessthanaday.StefanKahl,amachine-learningexpertatCornell'sCenterforConservationBioacousticsandChemnitzUniversityofTechnologyinGermany,builtBirdNET,oneofthemostpopularavian-sound-recognitionsystemsusedtoday.Wood'steamwillrelyonBirdNETtoanalyzetheSierraNevadarecordings.49Theneuralnetworkthenteachesitselfwhichfeaturescanbeusedtoassociateaninput(inthiscase,abird'scall)withalabel(thebird'sidentity).50Althoughtheyanalyzeaudiomuchmorequicklythanhumans,theystilllagbehindinfilteringoutoverlappingsoundstohomeinonasignalofinterest.SomeresearchersseethisasthenextproblemforAItotackle.Eventhecurrentimperfectversions,however,enablesweepingprojectsthatwouldbefartootime-consumingforhumanstotacklealone."Asecologists,"Woodsays,"toolslikeBirdNETallowustodreambig."III.SummaryWriting(10’)51.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.ShynessIfyousufferfromshyness,youarenotalone,forshynessisauniversalphenomenon.Itisnotsurprisingthatsocialscientistsareexploringitsenvironmentalcauses.Thefirstenvironmentalcauseofshynessmaybeachild'shomeandfamilylife.Today'schildrenaregrowingupinsmallerandsmallerfamilies,withfewerandfewerrelativeslivingnearby.Growingupinhomesinwhichbothparentsworkfulltime,childrenmaynothavethesocializingexperienceoffrequentvisitsbyneighborsandfriends.Becauseoftheirlackofsocialskills,theymaybegintofeelshywhentheystartschool.Asecondenvironmentalcauseofshynessinanindividualmaybeone'sculture.InalargestudyconductedinJapan,55percentparticipantsratedthemselvesasshy.ResearchersLynneHendersonandPhilipZimbardosay,"OneexpectationisthatinJapan,anindividual'sperformancesuccessiscreditedexternallytoparents,grandparents,teachers,coachesandotherswhilefailureisentirelyblamedontheperson."Therefore,Japaneselearnnottotakerisksinpublicandrelyinsteadongroup-shareddecisions.Technologymayplayaroleaswell.IntheUnitedStates,thenumberofyoungpeople