湖北省楚天协作体2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题 含解析

学年上学期高二期末考试高二英语试卷考试时间：年1月日上午试卷满分：分注意事项：题卡上的指定位置。选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题号的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分分）题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.How’stheweatherthisweek?A.Snowy.B.Foggy.C.Sunny.2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inashop.C.Inabookstore.3.Howmuchmoneydoesthemanhave?A.$24.B.$225.C.$249.4.Whatdoesthewomanadvicethemantodo?A.Putanicecardontheflowers.B.Buysomeflowersforhisfriends.C.Attendhisfriend’sbirthdayparty.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Adrug.B.Anexperiment.C.Afilm.第1页/共24页第二节（共小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.What’sthemandoing?A.areport.B.Enjoyingthemusic.C.Dancingtothemusic.7.Whatdoesthewomanfinallyaskthemantodo?A.themusic.B.Haveatalkwithher.C.Putonhisearphones.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatdoesthemanthinkthelandwouldbecome?A.Farmland.B.Desert.C.Grassland.9.Whatwillhelptheenvironmentmostaccordingtotheman?A.Moreresistingevents.B.Moretreeplanting.C.Bettereducation.听第8段材料，回答第至题。10.Whereistheman?A.Atagrocerystore.B.Inarestaurant.C.Onafarm.Whatdidthemanputonhisbiscuits?A.Cheese.B.Honey.C.Peanutbutter.12.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthebiscuits?A.Theyarebreakable.B.Theyaretoobig.C.Theytasteterrible.听第9段材料，回答第至题。13.Whatisthemandoing?A.Planningaproject.B.HostingaTVprogram.C.Introducinganactivity.14.Whatisamustfortheparents?A.Signingaform.B.Givingpocketmoney.C.Providingsomefood.15.Whereshouldtheremainingstudentsstay?A.Intheclassroom.B.Inthegym.C.Athome.16.WhichbusshouldstudentsinGradeSixtake?A.Thefirstbus.B.Thesecondbus.C.Thethirdbus.第2页/共24页听第段材料，回答第至题。17.WhendidManfredSteinergainhismedicaldegree?A.In1951.B.In1955.C.In2000.18.WhatdidhedoinBrownUniversity?A.Hetookundergraduateclasses.B.Hedirectedaresearchprogram.C.Hefoundhisinterestinphysics.19.WhatdidSteiner’sprofessorthinkofhim?A.Stubborn.B.Determined.C.Generous.20.WhatisSteiner’splanforhisfuture?A.adviceonsuccess.B.sharehisstorywithothers.C.helptheresearchinBrownUniversity.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分分）第一节（共小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（、、C和）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AinEuropeancountriesarefullofvibrantcitiesburstingwithcultureandsceniclandscapes.abundantmust-seesights,itcomesasnosurprisethatdecidingwhichspotstovisitcanbedifficult.UsethislisttostartplanningyourEuropeangetaway.willappreciateattractivecanalsandhistoricalarchitecture.Keepinmind,though,thatthisextremelypopulardestinationseesmassivecrowds,especiallyduringthewarmermonths.controlovertourism,chargestouristsasmallfeetoenteronselectdates.Plus,gondolaridesandhotelsarepricey,soyou’llwanttobudgetaccordingly.Exploringtheworld-famousBritishMuseum,seeingamusicalintheEndtheaterdistrict,watchingtheChangingoftheGuardatBuckinghamPalaceandsteppingbackintimeattheofLondonareallpartsofthe第3页/共24页Londonexperience.However,London’shighhotelpricescanmaketravelerswithtightbudgetsbacksavemoney,bookyouraccommodationsfarinadvance.SpendthedaycyclingthroughAmsterdam’sstylishstreetsbeforeexploringnoteworthymuseumsliketheGoghMuseum.Planapicnicinparkforlunchorchooseaboattouralongthecity’smanycanalswhenit’stimetorestyourfeet.Whileyou’rehere,considerplanningadaytriptooneofAmsterdam’snearbyscenicplaces—UtrechtandLeidenarebothworthvisiting.AvacationinPraguewillleaveyoufeelingasifyou’vesteppedintoafairytale.intheGothicarchitectureandbesuretotourPragueCastle.Plus,Prague’saffordablefoodanddrinks,accommodationsandexcellentpublictransportationmakeitagreatplacefortravelerswhowishtovisitEuropeonabudget.1.WhatshouldbenotedintermsoftravelingA.Bookingyourhotelroominadvance.B.Selectingspecialdatestoreduceyourexpense.C.yourbudgetintoaccountwhenplanning.D.Choosingtoappreciatecanalsandarchitectureinsummer.2.WhatdoLondonandAmsterdamhaveincommon?A.Thereareeconomicalactivitiesfortravelerstochoose.B.Bothawonderfulmuseumexperiencefortravelers.C.Therearestylishtouristattractionsfortravelerstoappreciate.D.Bothareidealdestinationsforpeoplelovingoutdooractivities.3.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebestchoiceforatravelerwithalimitedbudget?A.Prague.B.Amsterdam.C.D.London.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了可以作为2025年欧洲最佳旅游胜地的四个地方：威尼斯，伦敦，阿姆斯特丹，布拉格。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章部分内容“Plus,gondolaridesandhotelsarepricey,soyou’llwanttobudgetaccordingly.()搭乘缆车和住第4页/共24页酒店都很贵，游客在作旅行计划时需要制定预算。故选C项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据文章London部分内容“Exploringtheworld-famousBritishMuseum,seeingamusicalintheEndtheater)”可知，在伦敦可以探索大英博物馆；而文章Amsterdam部分内容“SpendthedaycyclingthroughAmsterdam’sstylishstreetsbeforeexploringnoteworthymuseumsliketheGoghMuseum.(在游览梵高博物馆等著名博物馆之前，花一天时间骑自行车穿过阿姆斯特丹时尚的街道。)”则提到了可以参观梵高博物馆。由此推知，二者的共同点在于两者都为游客提供了美妙的博物馆体验。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Prague部分内容“Plus,Prague’saffordablefoodanddrinks,accommodationsandexcellentpublictransportationmakeitagreatplacefortravelerswhowishtovisitEuropeonabudget.(格价格实惠的食品和饮料、住宿和优质的公共交通使其成为希望在预算范围内访问欧洲的旅客的好地方。)”可知，在布拉格，有实惠的食品和饮料、住宿和优质的公共交通，即这里的旅游花费会比较低。因此，对于预算有限的旅行者来说，可以选择布拉格。故选A项。BBeauchmin,amotheroffivechildren,wasapproachedbyherneighbor,Audrey,asinglemotherwiththreechildren.Shewasgoingtothehospitaltogettested,andtherewasnooneshecouldfindtolookafterherkidsotherthanWhenAudreyreturnedhome,shetoldshehadstomachcancer.Audreywasoverwhelmedbythenewsshereceived,anddespitenotknowingeachotherforlong,thewomanaskedifshewouldaccepttobetheguardianofherkidsincaseAudreydied.knewinherhearttherightthingtodo.Audrey’ssicknessprogressedquickly.Shesadlypassedawayafewmonthsafterherdiagnosis(诊断),leavingwithherthreekids.TheBeauchminsmightnotbewellbuttheirheartswererichwithkindness.Theirhomewasnotdesignedforeightkids,buttheyweretryingtomakeithappen.Theywerealsostrugglingtomakeendsmeet.ElizabethThames,aneighborofbothandAudrey,knewabouttheirstoryandwantedtohelp.ShesentalettertotheFox5SurpriseSquadandrecommendedtobetheirnextrecipientofalife-changingsurprise.Thestorymovedtheprogram.Theyvisitedandtookatourofherhome.Theytoldhertostayinatemporaryplacewithherfamilyastheymadethechangessheneeded.Theentirecrewhelpedoutalongwithvariousothergroupsinthecommunity.Carpetswereplaced,thewalls第5页/共24页wererepainted,andtheroomswerefixedsothekidswouldhaveprivacyandcomfortastheyAfterafewdaysoutofthehouse,andherfamily,includingAudrey’schildren,returned.Theirreactionswerefilledwithtears,andhowmanypeopleworkedtogethertomakeithappenwasincredible.Apartfromtheincrediblehome,thefamilywasalsogivenfreegroceriesforayearand$1,500fortheireldestsontofindasuitableapartment.4.Whatdiddoafterherneighbourpassedaway?A.Sheredesignedherhouse.B.Shewenttothehospitaltobeexamined.C.Sheaskedpeopleinherneighborhoodforhelp.D.Shetookoverthecareofherneighbor’schildren.5.WhatwasElizabeth’sreactiontotheBeauchmins’situation?A.Sheaskedaprogramtohelpthisfamily.B.Sherecommendedtowritealetter.C.Shevisitedandalargehouse.D.Sheprovidedanapartmentfortheireldestson.6.WhichbestdescribesA.Braveandambitious.B.Determinedandenergetic.C.Kind-heartedandcaring.D.Confidentandenthusiastic.7.Whatmessagedoesthepassageconvey?A.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.B.Goodthingshappentogoodpeople.C.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingmind.D.Therosesinherhand,theflavorinmine.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了蒂莎·博彻明和家人帮助邻居的善举引起了社会关注和感动，大家齐心协力一起做出种种努力为他们解决生活困难的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Audreywasoverwhelmedbythenewsshereceived,anddespitenotknowingeachotherforlong,thewomanaskedifshewouldaccepttobetheguardianofherkidsincaseAudreydied.knewinherhearttherightthingtodo.(奥黛丽被她收到的消息震惊了，尽管她们认识的时间不长，但这个女人问蒂莎，如果奥黛丽死了，她是否愿意成为她孩子们的监护人。蒂莎心里知道该怎么做。)”和第四段“Theirhomewasnotdesignedforeightkids,buttheyweretryingtomakeithappen.Theywerealsostruggling第6页/共24页tomakeendsmeet.(他们的家不是为八个孩子设计的，但他们正在努力实现这一目标。他们也在努力维持收支平衡。)”可知，蒂莎在她的邻居去世后接手照顾邻居的孩子们。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“ElizabethThames,aneighborofbothandAudrey,knewabouttheirstoryandwantedtohelp.ShesentalettertotheFox5SurpriseSquadandrecommendedtobetheirnextrecipientofalife-changingsurprise.(她给福克斯惊喜小组写了一封信，推荐蒂莎成为他们下一个接受改变人生惊喜的人。)”可知，伊丽莎白对波彻明夫妇的处境的反应是她申请了一个项目来帮助这个家庭。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Theirhomewasnotdesignedforeightkids,buttheyweretryingtomakeithappen.Theywerealsostrugglingtomakeendsmeet.(他们的家不是为八个孩子设计的，但他们正在努力实现这一目标。他们也在努力维持收支平衡。)”可知，蒂莎虽然家庭困难但仍旧接手照顾邻居的孩子们，说明她“心地善良，有爱心”。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了蒂莎·博彻明和家人帮助邻居的善举引起了社会关注和感动，大家齐心协力一起做出种种努力为他们解决生活困难的故事，所以文章要传达的信息是“好人有好报”。故选B项。CDolphinsandparrotsareknowntoaddresseachotherbyimitatingthesoundstheyhearothermembersoftheirspeciesmake,butonlyhumansareknowntoaddresseachotherusingnamestheymakeup.However,thismightnotbethecase.elephantsrespondtoindividualnamesinthesamewayashumans,accordingtonewresearchpublishedinthejournalNatureEcology&Evolution.Intendingtofindoutwhetherelephantsmightbeusingmade-upnames,too,MichaelPardo,abehavioralecologistatColoradoStateUniversity,andhiscolleaguesfirstidentified469callsor“rumbles”madebywildAfricanelephantslivinginAmboseliNationalParkandSamburuandSpringsNationalReservesinKenya.Eachofthevocalizations(发声)hadaknowncallerandaknownreceiver,andanalgorithm(算法)wasusedtopredictwhichofthesesoundswerepotentialnamesandwhichelephanttheywerelikelytodescribe.Next,theresearchersplayedrecordingsofthese“names”todifferentelephantsandfoundthatelephantsrespondedmoreenthusiasticallytotheirownnamethantheydidtothenamesofothers.Whentheyheardtheirnames,theyapproachedthespeakermorequicklyandrespondedmorevocally.Thefindingssuggestthatelephants第7页/共24页havespecificvocalizationsornamesforeachother,andthattheycanrecognizethesenames,evenwhentheyoccuroutofcontext.Name-callingwasmorecommonwhenanimalswerecommunicatingoverlongdistances,theauthorsfound,andalsowhenadultsweretalkingtotheirbabies.Theyoungwerelesslikelythanadultstousenames,suggestingthattheabilitytodesignandusenamesisaskillthattakesyearstolearn.Elephantsareintelligentcreaturesthatliveincomplexsocialgroups.Theyusesound,sight,scentandtouchtocommunicatewitheachother,andtheircallsareknowntocommunicatearichstreamofinformation,includingdetailsaboutage,sex,emotionandbehavioralintention.Theabilitytodesignandlinkasoundwiththeidentityofanotheranimalsuggeststhatelephantshaveapreviouslyunappreciateddepthofcognitiveability—theymaybecapableofabstractthought.8.Whyarehumansmentionedinparagraph1?A.bringupthetopic.B.tellreaderstheabilityofhumans.C.providethebackgroundinformation.D.provehumansaredistinctfromsomeanimals.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheelephants’responsetothese“names”?A.Elephantsareactiveandenthusiasticanimals.B.Elephantsreactdifferentlywhenbeingcalled.C.Elephantsaregoodatmakinguptheirownnames.D.Elephantscanrecognizeothers’callingtheirnames.10.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestinparagraph4?A.elephantsdislikeusingnames.B.Longdistancemakesitamusttousename-calling.C.Elephants’abilitytousenamescanbeenhancedastheyD.Peopletendtocalltheirchildren’snameswhentalkingtothem.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.reportaresearchonelephants’behavior.B.analyseswhyelephantsdesignandusenames.C.callonpeopletopayattentiontoelephants’cognitiveability.D.showthesimilaritybetweenelephantsandhumansinbehavior.第8页/共24页【答案】8.A9.D10.CA【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新研究发现野生大象能像人类一样使用“名字”交流，这表明大象可能具有抽象思维的能力。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Dolphinsandparrotsareknowntoaddresseachotherbyimitatingthesoundstheyhearothermembersoftheirspeciesmake,butonlyhumansareknowntoaddresseachotherusingnamestheymakeup.However,thismightnotbethecase.elephantsrespondtoindividualnamesinthesamewayashumans,accordingtonewresearchpublishedinthejournalNatureEcology&Evolution.(众所周知，海豚和鹦鹉会通过模仿同类发出的声音来称呼对方，但只有人类会用自己编造的名字来称呼对方。然而，情况可能并非如此。根据发表在《自然生态与进化》杂志上的一项新研究，野生大象对个人名字的反应与人类相同)”可知，这里先提到人在名字的使用上有别于一些动物，然后指出大象也对名字有反应，下文都是围绕大象的这一反应展开。由此推知，提到人类是为了引出关于大象有类似用名字交流行为的话题。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Next,theresearchersplayedrecordingsofthese“names”todifferentelephantsandfoundthatelephantsrespondedmoreenthusiasticallytotheirownnamethantheydidtothenamesofothers.Whentheyheardtheirnames,theyapproachedthespeakermorequicklyandrespondedmorevocally.(给不同的大象播放这些“名字”的录音，发现大象对自己的名字的反应比对其他大象的名字的反应更热情。当他们听到自己的名字时，他们会更快地接近说话者，并做出更大声的回应)”可知，大象对自己的名字的反应更强烈，回应更积极。由此推知，大象能够识别出是在叫它们自己的名字。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Theyoungwerelesslikelythanadultstousenames,suggestingthattheabilitytodesignandusenamesisaskillthattakesyearstolearn.(设计和使用名字的能力是一项需要多年学习的技能)”可知，大象设计和使用名字的能力是需要慢慢习得的。由此推知，随着成长，它们使用名字的能力会增强。故选C项。【题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“elephantsrespondtoindividualnamesinthesamewayashumans,accordingtonewresearchpublishedinthejournalNatureEcology&Evolution.(根据发表在《自然生态与进化》杂志上的一项新研究，野生大象对个人名字的反应与人类相同)”可知，文章围绕研究人员对大象是否使用名字进行交流的研究展开，介绍了研究过程、发现等内容。由此推知，文章的主要目的是报告关第9页/共24页于大象行为的一项研究。故选A项。Dfreshwaterlobsters(龙虾)nativetoAustralia,cantoleratehightemperaturesanddrought,andhardlyneedanyoxygenintheirwater.evenforthem,theDarlingRiver,whichsnakesthroughwesternNewSouthisprovinguninhabitable.Crowdsofyabbieswererecentlyseengettingoutofwater.OnMarch17ththeriverwasblanketedbymillionsofdeadfreshwaterfish.GraemeMeCrabb,alocal,estimatesthe“lineofdeadfish”stretchesover100km.ThemassfishdeathisthelatestillustrationofhowclimatechangeiscombiningwithmismanagementtoharmAustralia’sfragileenvironment.TheDarlingformsonearmoftheMurray-Darlingbasin,avastriversystemthatcoversmuchofQueenslandandSouthAustralia.Thesystemsupports40%ofAustralia’sagriculturalproduction.Butitisinadesperatestate.Climatechangeisbringingmoreextremeheatanddrought,whichcausedtheprevious“massmortality”intheDarlingRiversystemin2018and2019.Droughtbroughttherivertoastop,exhaustingitsoxygen.Butthewarmingclimateisalsobringingmoreextremerainfallandflooding.whichisbehindthelatestdie-off.EasternAustraliahashadthreeyearsofheavyrainfall.ThissummertheDarlingburstitsbanks,floodingtownsandwashingtonsofchemicalsandorganicmatterintothewater.Thathascausedbacteriatoflourish,consumingoxygenfromit,saysRichardKingsford,anecologistattheUniversityofNewSouthAheatwavemayhaveworsenedthis“blackwaterevent”,sincewarmwaterholdslessoxygen.ThemanydamsthatlinetheDarlingthenmadeithardorimpossibleforfishtoescapetohealthierwater.Somillionsdiedandtheirdecomposition(腐烂)inturndrewmoreoxygenfromtheriver,worseningthecycle.Over-exploitation(过度开采)oftheMurray-Darling’swatershasmadethesystemespeciallydefenselesstosuchshocks.Awater-sharinginitiativelaunchedin2012wassupposedtohelpconservation,yetthereislittleevidencethatithasimprovedthebasin’shealth.ForRobertMcBride,whoownsavastsheepstationnearMenindee,theDarlingispaying“thesupremesacrificefortotalmismanagementoftheriversystem”.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“uninhabitable”inparagraphImean?A.Abnormal.B.Uncomfortable.C.Unlivable.D.Fundamental.13.Howmanyfactorsarerelevanttothedecreaseofoxygenlevelintheriver?A.1.B.2.C.3.D.4.14.Howisparagraph4mainlydeveloped?A.Bymakingacomparison.B.Byanalyzingcauseand第10页/共24页C.Bylistingdifferentpossibilities.D.Bygivingexamplesoffishdeath.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Australia—frequentdroughtandfloodB.Darling—animportantriverinAustraliaC.Australia—worseandworseclimateandenvironmentD.Darling—massfishdeathfromclimatechangeandmismanagement【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了澳大利亚达令河的淡水鱼大量死亡事件，阐述了气候变化和管理不善共同作用导致这一现象的原因，揭示了澳大利亚脆弱的环境状况。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段“freshwaterlobsters(龙虾)nativetoAustralia,cantoleratehightemperaturesanddrought,andhardlyneedanyoxygenintheirwater.evenforthem,theDarlingRiver,whichsnakesthroughwesternNewSouthisprovingCrowdsofyabbieswererecentlyseengettingoutofwater.(原产于澳大利亚的淡水龙虾亚比虾能忍受高温和干旱，且水中几乎不需要氧气。然而，即使对它们来说，蜿蜒穿过新南威尔士州西部的达令河也被证明是uninhabitable。最近可以看到成群的亚比虾从水里出来)”可知，亚比虾生存能力很强，但都从达令河出来了，说明达令河的状况很糟糕，不适合居住了。由此可知，划线词uninhabitable意思是“不适合居住的”，与“Unlivable”意思相近。故选C项。【13题详解】Droughtbroughttherivertoastop,exhaustingitsoxygen.(氧气)”、第四段“ThissummertheDarlingburstitsbanks,floodingtownsandwashingtonsofchemicalsandorganicmatterintothewater.Thathascausedbacteriatoflourish,consumingoxygenfromit,saysRichardKingsford,anecologistattheUniversityofNewSouthAheatwavemayhaveworsenedthis“blackwaterevent”,sincewarmwaterholdslessoxygen.(今年夏天，达令河决堤，淹没了城镇，将大量化学物质和有机物冲入水中。新南威尔士大学的生态学家理查德·金斯福德说，这导致细菌大量繁殖，消耗水中的氧气。热浪可能使这种“黑水事件”更加严重，因为温水含氧量较低)”以及第四段“ThemanydamsthatlinetheDarlingthenmadeithardorimpossibleforfishtoescapetohealthierwater.Somillionsdiedandtheirdecomposition(腐烂)inturndrewmoreoxygenfromtheriver,worseningthecycle(达令河沿岸的许多水坝使鱼类很难或不可能逃到更健康的水域。因此，数百万条鱼死亡，它们的腐烂反过来从河流中吸取更多氧气，使这个循环更加恶化)”可知，干旱、细菌繁殖、热浪、鱼的腐烂这四个因素与河水中氧气水平的下降有关。第11页/共24页故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。第四段先提到“EasternAustraliahashadthreeyearsofheavyrainfall.ThissummertheDarlingburstitsbanks,floodingtownsandwashingtonsofchemicalsandorganicmatterintothewater.(东澳大利亚已经有三年的强降雨。今年夏天，达令河决堤，淹没了城镇，将大量化学物质和有机物冲入水中)”这是事件的Thathascausedbacteriatoflourish,consumingoxygenfromit,saysRichardKingsford,anecologistattheUniversityofNewSouthAheatwavemayhaveworsenedthis“blackwaterevent”,sincewarmwaterholdslessoxygen.ThemanydamsthatlinetheDarlingthenmadeithardorimpossibleforfishtoescapetohealthierwater.Somillionsdiedandtheirdecomposition(腐烂)inturndrewmoreoxygenfromtheriver,worseningthecycle(RichardKingsford致细菌滋生，消耗了河水中的氧气。热浪可能使这种“黑水事件”恶化，因为温水含有更少的氧气。接着，达令河沿岸众多的大坝使得鱼类难以或无法逃到更健康的水域。因此，数百万条鱼死亡，它们的腐烂反过来又从河流中消耗了更多的氧气，使这个恶性循环进一步恶化)”可知，本段先陈述原因，再引出结果。由此推知，这一段是通过分析因果关系来展开的。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Crowdsofyabbieswererecentlyseengettingoutofwater.OnMarch17ththeriverwasblanketedbymillionsofdeadfreshwaterfish.GraemeMeCrabb,alocal,estimatesthe“lineofdeadfish”stretchesover100km.(3月17“死鱼带”绵延超过100公里)量死亡；根据第二段“ThemassfishdeathisthelatestillustrationofhowclimatechangeiscombiningwithmismanagementtoharmAustralia’sfragileenvironment.(这次大规模的鱼类死亡是气候变化与管理不善共同损害澳大利亚脆弱环境的最新例证)”以及最后一段“Over-exploitation(过度开采)oftheMurray-Darling’swatershasmadethesystemespeciallydefenselesstosuchshocks.Awater-sharinginitiativelaunchedin2012wassupposedtohelpconservation,yetthereislittleevidencethatithasimprovedthebasin’shealth.ForRobertMcBride,whoownsavastsheepstationnearMenindee,theDarlingispaying“thesupremesacrificefortotalmismanagementoftheriversystem”(对默累-达令河水的过度开采使得该系统对此类冲击尤其缺乏抵抗力。2012年启动的一项水资源共享计划本应有助于保护资源，但几乎没有证据表明它改善了该流域的健康状况。对在门宁迪附近拥有大片牧场的罗伯特·RobertMcBride管理不善付出“终极牺牲”)”可知，本文主要讲的是对达令河管理不善导致大规模鱼类死亡。由此可知，D项“Darling—massfishdeathfromclimatechangeandmismanagement(达令河——气候变化和管理不善导第12页/共24页致的大规模鱼类死亡)”适合用作本文标题。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。mayhavehearditbefore:Lifebeginsattheendofyourcomfortzone,andnothinggrowsinyourcomfortzone.Butthatiseasierunderstoodthandone.Ofcourse,livinglifeinyourcomfortzonehasobviousbenefits:lowstress,reducedanxietyandgeneralfeelingsofwell-being.____16____Beloware4hugebenefitsofsteppingoutsideyourcomfortzone.____17____Somanypeoplewakeupeverydaywiththatachingfeelingofunderachievementandtherealizationthatthey’renotentirelylivingtheirlifetothefull.Growth,forwardmotivationandrhythmandanew-foundlevelofproductivityallleadyoutoafeelingoffindingyourbeststateinlifeasyouachieveyourfullpotential.Indoingso,you’llcreateanewsourceofextremesatisfaction.Pushingyourboundaries.Steppingoutsideyourcomfortzonecanmakeyoutrainyourbraintodealwithnewsituationsandcreatenewneural(神经的)pathways.____18____Thatmakeyouabetterproblem-solver,decision-makerandleader.Enhancingyouradaptabilitytowhatevercomesyourway.Thingscanhappenthatwilldragyourightoutofyourcomfortablelife.Lifetransitionsareallaboutchange.____19____Boostingyourself-confidence.____20____Andthatwillboostyourself-confidence,whichinturncanpushyoutoachievemore,especiallyifyouworkedhard,challengedyourself,andsawitthrough.A.Achievinggreaterself-fulfillment.B.Feelinglessstressedandfrustrated.C.Thusyoubecomemoreproductiveandmorecreative.D.Eventually,itcontributestogreatersuccessinyourlife.E.Achievementsoutsidecomfortzoneexhibityourimprovementofability.F.However,itcanalsomakeyoufeellikeyourlifeischangelesseveryday.G.Themoreopenyouaretonewpossibilities,themoreadaptableyouwillbe.【答案】16.F17.A18.C19.G20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了走出舒适区可以带来自我实现、提高创造力、增强适应性和提升自信等四大好处。【16题详解】第13页/共24页由上文“Ofcourse,livinglifeinyourcomfortzonehasobviousbenefits:lowstress,reducedanxietyandgeneralfeelingsofwell-being.(当然，生活在你的舒适区有明显的好处：压力低、焦虑减少和整体幸福感。)”和下文“Beloware4hugebenefitsofsteppingoutsideyourcomfortzone.(以下是走出舒适区的4大好处。)”可知，上文讲述了生活在舒适区的好处，下文讲述走出舒适区的好处，本空应强调生活在舒适区的弊端。F选项“However,itcanalsomakeyoufeellikeyourlifeischangelesseveryday.(然而，它也可能让你觉得你的生活每天都一成不变。)”是一个转折句，指出了生活在舒适区的另一个可能的问题，为下文讲述走出舒适区的好处做了铺垫，符合题意。故选F。【17题详解】由下文“Somanypeoplewakeupeverydaywiththatachingfeelingofunderachievementandtherealizationthatthey’renotentirelylivingtheirlifetothefull.Growth,forwardmotivationandrhythmandanew-foundlevelofproductivityallleadyoutoafeelingoffindingyourbeststateinlifeasyouachieveyourfullpotential.Indoingso,you’llcreateanewsourceofextremesatisfaction.(他们并没有完全过上充实的生活。成长、前进的动力和节奏，以及新发现的生产力水平，都会让你在充分发挥潜力的同时，找到生活中最好的状态。这样做，你会创造一个新的极端满足感来源。)”可知，下文讲述了走出舒适区能让自己由满足感。因此，本空应强调走出舒适区能实现自我满足。A选项“Achievinggreaterself-fulfillment.(实现更大的自我满足。)”能概括下文内容，符合题意。故选A。【18题详解】由上文“Pushingyourboundaries.Steppingoutsideyourcomfortzonecanmakeyoutrainyourbraintodealwithnewsituationsandcreatenewneural(神经的)pathways.(新情况并创造新的神经通路。)”可知，上文讲述了走出舒适区对大脑的好处，本空应承接上文，并解释大脑训练带来的具体好处。C选项“Thusyoubecomemoreproductiveandmorecreative.(因此，你变得更有生产力和更有创造力。)”解释了大脑训练带来的具体好处，能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。【19题详解】由上文“Enhancingyouradaptabilitytowhatevercomesyourway.Thingscanhappenthatwilldragyourightoutofyourcomfortablelife.Lifetransitionsareallaboutchange.(提高你对任何事物的适应能力。可能会发生一些事情，把你从舒适的生活中拖出来。生活的转变都是关于变化的。)”可知，这里讲述了提高适应能力的重G选项“Themoreopenyouaretonewpossibilities,themoreadaptableyouwillbe.(你对新的可能性越开放，你的适应能力就越强。)”进一步解释了适应能力与对新可能性的开放程度的关系，符合题意。故选G。【20题详解】第14页/共24页由上文“Boostingyourself-confidence.(增强你的自信心。)”可知，上文讲述了走出舒适区能增强自信心，本空应进一步解释为什么走出舒适区能增强自信心。E选项“Achievementsoutsidecomfortzoneexhibityourimprovementofability.(在舒适区之外的成就展示了你的能力提升。)”引出了在舒适区之外取得成就对自信心的提升作用，能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分分）第一节完形填空（共小题，每小题1分，满分分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Atjust18yearsold,Jordanhasalready____21____forhimselfasahighschoolseniorwitharemarkablygoodheart.Hisrecentactof____22____hasnotonlywarmedheartsbutalsogainedwidespreadattention.atagrocerystore,hasbeenbagginggroceriesforhoursonend.____23____hisbusylife,hemanagedtomakeasignificant____24____onsomeoneelse’slife,showingthatsometimes,thepeoplewithlesscangivealotmore.storytookaturntowardstheextraordinarywhenhe____25____anelderlycustomeratthegrocerystore.Thiscustomer,facinga(n)____26____offunds,wasunabletopayforallhisgroceries.____27____this,feltastrongsenseofjustice.Hedecidedthathecouldn’t____28____andwatchsomeoneinneedgowithoutbasic___29___.Inaheartfeltgesture,reachedintohisownpocketand____30____theelderlyman$35,makingsurehecouldpayforhisgroceries.Thisactwasespecially____31____consideringhadnevermetthemanbefore.Itwasn’tabout____32____orobligation.When____33____abouthisnobledeed,sharedhisguidingprinciple:treatingpeoplethewayhewantstobetreatedandhelpingthoseinneed.actofgenerositydidnotgo____34____.Inspiredbyhisselflessness,peopletosupporthim,leadingtothecreationofaGoFundMecampaign.Theessenceofstoryliesinthepowerful____35____thatthere’sstillalotofroomforkindnessintheworld,evenonascaleassmallas21.A.madeitB.madesenseC.madeanameD.madeadifference22.A.kindnessB.ambitionC.protectionD.participation23.A.AmongB.AboutC.DespiteD.Throughout24.A.interventionB.impactC.adaptationD.transformation25.A.contactedB.motivatedC.encounteredD.accompanied26.A.realityB.stressC.absenceD.shortage第15页/共24页27.A.B.EvaluatingC.RecallingD.Shifting28.A.subscribetoB.standbyC.giveinD.setout29.A.reliabilityB.consumptionC.comfortsD.necessities30.A.handedB.borrowedC.exposedD.produced31.A.elegantB.meaningfulC.unreasonableD.strange32.A.competenceB.expectationC.ambitionD.familiarity33.A.suspectedB.highlightedC.interviewedD.revealed34.A.unfinishedB.unnoticedC.unbelieva