2022年吉林地区普通高中友好学校联合体高二下学期期末考试英语试题

吉林地区普通高中友好学校联合体第三十四届基础年段期末联考第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AControllingyourfoodlongingsanddroppingpoundsfastiseasy:Justeatbreak-fast.TheeditorsofEatThis,NotThat!carriedoutresearchestodeterminesomebestbreakfastfoodsforweightloss.BlackBeansProtein,per1/2cup:7gBlackbeanswillnotonlyfillyouupforhoursbutalsohelpslimyoudown.WakeForestBaptistMedicalCenterresearchersfoundthatwithblackbeansconsumeddaily,studyparticipants'fatreducedby4percentovertwoyears.PeanutButterProtein,per2tbsp(汤勺):7-8gWhileprocessedpeanutbutterisfilledwithsugarandoils,therealstuffismadewithjusttwoingredients:saltandpeanuts.Thepeanutisfilledwithheart-healthymonounsaturated(单一不饱和的)fats.NutritionistandpersonaltrainerKristinReisingersuggestsusingthehealthyfatinanAMsmoothie.AlmondButterProtein,per2tbsp:7-8g“Almondbutterishighinprotein,fiberandmonounsaturatedfats,”saysMarthaMcKittrick,RDN,CDE."Studieshavealsoshownthatpeoplewhoeatnutsarelesslikelytobecomeoverweightthanthosewhoavoidthem,likelybecauseithelpsyoufeelfuller.”Togetthebenefitsatbreakfast,McKittricksuggestsspreadingsomenutbutteronthewholegraintoast.EggsProtein,pertwolargeeggs:13g“Eggsareanexcellentsourceofproteinandotherhealthynutrientsincludingfat-burningcholine(胆碱),”saysMcKittrick.Choline,alsofoundinlean(瘦的)meats,seafoodandcollardgreens,attacksthegenemechanismthatcausesyourbodytostorefataroundyourliver(肝脏),accordingtoZeroBellyCookbook.Themoreeggsyoueat,thelessegg-shapedyouget.1.Whichtwofoodscontainthesameamountofprotein?A.Blackbeansandeggs B.AlmondbutterandeggsC.Blackbeansandpeanutbutter D.Peanutbutterandalmondbutter2.HowdoesAlmondButterhelpcontrolweight?A.IthelpspeoplesleepbetterB.ItofferspeoplemoreproteinC.ItmakespeoplefeelfullerD.Itmakespeopleburnmorecalories3.Whatfoodwilladoctoradviseheartpatientstoeat?A.Peanutbutter B.AlmondbutterC.Blackbeans D.Eggs【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了通过早餐的食物来控制饮食并减肥，文章列举了黑豆、花生油等几种早餐可食用的食物，并告诉了我们它们的蛋白质含量和可用来控制饮食或减肥的原因。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据每种食物蛋白质含量的内容，易找到“PeanutButter：Protein,per2tbsp:7—8g”“AlmondButter：Protein,per2tbsp:7—8g”，可知PeanutButter和AlmondButter的蛋白质含量相同。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Almondbutter相关的内容“Studieshavealsoshownthatpeoplewhoeatnutsarelesslikelytobecomeoverweightthanthosewhoavoidthem,likelybecauseithelpsyoufeelfuller.(研究还表明，吃坚果的人比不吃坚果的人更不容易超重，可能是因为坚果能让你感觉更饱。)”可知杏仁黄油是通过使人更有饱腹感来控制体重的。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据“Thepeanutisfilledwithheart-healthymonounsaturatedfats.(花生富含对心脏有益的单不饱和脂肪。)”,可知花生含有利于心脏健康的单不饱和脂肪，所以医生们会建议心脏病人这个食物。故选A。BMyhusband,myfour-month-olddaughterandIsetoutonafive-daydrivingjourneyfromCaliforniatoWashington.Wehadtostopfrequentlybecauseourlittlechildneededtostretchfromthecarseat.Oneofourstops,oncewecrossedtheOregonborder,wasataBlackBearDiner.Walkingtowardsthefrontdoorwenoticedagentlemanstandingatoneside.Hewasclearlyuntidy,withoutshoesandwearingwornclothing.Wepassedrightbyhimandopenedtherestaurantdoor.Thensomethingtoldmetogoback.Holdingmydaughter,Iturnedaroundandsaidtothegentleman,“Sir.Areyouhungry?”Hesaid,“Yes.”Ithenasked,“Maywebuyyousomethingtoeat?”Herespondedwith,“Sure,Icanordersomethingmyself.”Myhusbandopenedthedoorandthegentlemanwentstraighttothecounter.Itoldhimtoorderwhateverhewanted.Themanageroftherestaurantcameoverquitequicklyandlookedfrightened.Ispokebeforehehadanopportunitytosayanything.“Thisgentlemanwillhavelunchwithustoday,”Isaid.“Pleaseaddhisordertoourbill.”Themanagersaidwithafrown(皱眉),“Okay.”Weturnedtoourtableandthegentlemansaid,loudlyandquickly,“Thankyou!”Wewereseatedanduponcompletingourmealwewerehandedourbill.Iaskedmyhusbandwhatthegentlemanhadordered.Onefreshorangejuice,onecoffee,onebreakfastcombinationwithasideofhashbrowns.WhenwelefttherestaurantIlookedforthegentlemanbutdidn’tseehim,butthatverysmallactjustmademyday.Ihopeinsomesmallwaywewereabletoaddsomejoytohislife,evenifonlyforafewminutes.4.Whytheyhadtostopfrequentlyduringtheirjourney?A.Theywantedtovisitasmanyplacesastheycan.B.Theystoppedtohelpthegentleman.C.Theirlittlechildwantedtoeatsomefood.D.Theirchildneededtostretchfromthecarseat.5.Fromtheappearanceofthegentleman,wecanguesshewasprobablya(n).A.waiter B.actor C.beggar D.worker6.Themanageroftherestaurantlookedfrightenedbecause.A.themanwasnotfriendly B.themanhadstolensomethingfromtherestaurantC.hehadfiredthemanbefore D.hewasafraidthemanwouldn'taffordtopaythefood7.Fromthepassage,wecaninfertheman.A.wasthankfulfortheirkindact B.feltashamedandslippedawayC.washungryandatealotoffood D.wastooproudtoaccepttheiroffer【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者一家人在旅行途中帮助了一位乞丐的故事，通过这个故事来告诉我们帮助别人才能使自己真正的快乐起来。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Wehadtostopfrequentlybecauseourlittlechildneededtostretchfromthecarseat.(我们不得不经常停下来，因为我们的小孩需要从汽车座椅上伸展开来)”可知，他们在旅途中要经常停下来是因为他们的孩子需要从安全座椅上伸伸懒腰。故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“Hewasclearlyuntidy,withoutshoesandwearingwornclothing.”(他很显然不整洁，没穿鞋，穿着破旧的衣服)可知，那个男人看上去像是一个乞丐。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据常识可知，那个男人看上去像是一个乞丐，饭馆经理肯定是怕他付不起饭钱，所以感到害怕。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第四句“Weturnedtoourtableandthegentlemansaid,loudlyandquickly,“Thankyou!””(我们转身到我们的桌子旁，这位绅士大声而迅速地说：“谢谢！”)可知，那个男人对作者一家很是感激。故选A项。CAlonglost16thcenturycivilizationhasbeenunearthedinruralKansas-allthankstoateenwhohelpedarchaeologists(考古学家)confirmtheincrediblediscovery.Thelong-lostcitycalledEtzanoa-whereupto20,000Indiansoncelived-wasdiscoveredinArkansasCity,inthesouth-centralpartofthestate,whenahighschoolboyfoundacannon(炮)ballthattippedofftheexpertsthattheirlong-heldsuspicionsabouttheexistenceofEtzanoawerecorrect.Thecity,whosenamemeans“TheGreatSettlement”,isbelievedtobethesecond-largestNativeAmericancityintheU.S.andwasthesiteofabattlebetweenSpanishexplorersandIndiansoldiersin1601.“TheSpanishwereamazedbythesizeofEtzanoa,”accordingtoDonaldBlakeslee,a73-year-oldWichitaStateUniversityarchaeologist,whoannouncedthediscovery.“Theycounted2,000housesthatcouldholdtenpeopleeach.Theysaiditwouldtaketwoorthreedaystowalkthroughitall.”Foryears,heandotherscientistshuntedforthefabledcity.Theyduguppottery,knivesandstonetoolsthatwouldlinkittorecordsfromSpanishexplorers-butcouldn’tconfirmthatitwasEtzanoa.Thenlastyear,AdamZiegler,whoattendsanearbyhighschool,discoveredahalf-inchironcannonball—linkingittothe1601battle.Duringthebattle,theSpanishfiredcannonsatIndiansoldiers,whoeventuallyfledthecity.Kansasofficialsnowwanttoturnthelong-lostcityintoascenicspot.“We’relookingatcreatingsomethingthatcouldbegreatfortheregion,andfor50yearsandmoredowntheroad,”saidJayWarren,anArkansasCityCouncilmember.“Andwethinkthesitecouldalsobeahands-onfieldtrainingfacilityforarchaeologistsfromallovertheworld.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tippedoff”inparagraph2referto?A.Gaveinformationto. B.Letdown.C.Playedtrickson. D.Knockedoff.9.WhatdowelearnaboutEtzanoafromthetext?A.Itwasoncehometoover20,000Indians.B.Itwitnessedgreatchangesinthelastfewcenturies.C.Itwasafamoustouristattractioninthe16thcentury.D.ItwasthelargestIndiansettlementintheU.S.atthetime.10.Whathappenedin1601accordingtothetext?A.TheIndianswereatwarwiththeSpanish.B.TheSpanishexplorerssettleddowninArkansasCity.C.TheIndianssetupalargesettlementinArkansasCity.D.EtzanoawasabandonedbytheSpanishandbecamealostcity.11.Whatislikelytohappentothelong-lostcityinthefollowingyears?A.Amuseumwillbesetupthere.B.Tourismwillbepromotedthere.C.ItwillbereturnedtothenativeIndians.D.Itwillberebuiltintoalargesettlement.【答案】8.A9.A10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一位美国高中生偶然发现一枚炮弹，由此找到了被考古学苦苦寻找的Etzanoa城。这座失落古城曾聚集了20000多美洲印第安人，是当时北美地区第二大印第安城市。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第二段划线短语前“Thelong-lostcitycalledEtzanoa-whereupto20,000Indiansoncelived-wasdiscoveredinArkansasCity,inthesouth-centralpartofthestate,whenahighschoolboyfoundacannon(炮)ball（在阿肯色州中南部的阿肯色市，一个名叫Etzanoa的失传已久的城市被发现了，那里曾经居住着多达2万名印第安人。当时，一名高中男孩发现了一颗炮弹）”和划线短语后“theirlong-heldsuspicionsabouttheexistenceofEtzanoawerecorrect.（他们长期以来对Etzanoa存在的怀疑是正确的）”可推知tippedoff是“提供信息，给......报信”之意，这里指向专家透露出他们的怀疑是正确的。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句中“Thelong-lostcitycalledEtzanoa-whereupto20,000Indiansoncelived-wasdiscoveredinArkansasCity,inthesouth-centralpartofthestate（在阿肯色州中南部的阿肯色市，一个名叫Etzanoa的失传已久的城市被发现了，那里曾经居住着多达2万名印第安人。）”可知，Etzanoa曾经是2万名印第安人的家园。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Thecity,whosenamemeans“TheGreatSettlement”,isbelievedtobethesecond-largestNativeAmericancityintheU.S.andwasthesiteofabattlebetweenSpanishexplorersandIndiansoldiersin1601.（这座城市，名字的意思是“大殖民地”，被认为是美国第二大印第安人城市，是1601年西班牙探险家们和印第安士兵战斗的地点。）”可知，1601年印第安人与西班牙人在这里交战。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Kansasofficialsnowwanttoturnthelong-lostcityintoascenicspot.（堪萨斯官员现在想把这座失传已久的城市变成一个景点。）”可推知，那里将发展旅游业。故选B项。DArecentstudyledbyresearchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingapore(NUS)hasfoundaclearlinkbetweenthecolorofataxianditsaccidentrate.Ananalysisof36monthsofdetailedtaxi,driverandaccidentdatafromtwofleetsofyellowandbluetaxisinSingaporesuggestedthatyellowtaxishavefeweraccidentsthanbluetaxis.Thehighervisibility(能见度)ofyellowmakesitlessdifficultfordriverstoavoidgettingintoaccidentswithyellowtaxis,leadingtoaloweraccidentrate.ThestudywasledbyProfHo.Totestwhethertherewasarelationshipbetweenthecolorofataxiandthenumberofaccidentsthetaxihad,theresearchteamanalyseddatacollectedbythelargesttaxicompanyinSingapore.Theresearchersfoundthatyellowtaxishaveabout6.1feweraccidentsper1,000taxispermonth.Theyalsostudiedtheeconomiceffectofchangingthecoloroftheentirefleetoftaxistoyellow.TheSingaporetaxicompanyinvolvedinthestudyownsabout16,700taxisinaratio(比例)ofoneyellowtothreebluetaxis.Ifacommercialdecisionismadetoswitchfrombluetoyellowtaxis,76.6feweraccidentswilloccurpermonthor917feweraccidentsperyear.Assuminganaveragerepaircostof$1,000percarandadowntimeofsixdays,thecolorofalltaxistoyellowcouldproduceanannualsavingof$2million.“Weareeagertocontinuetovalidate(证实)thefindingsofourstudybylookingattheuseofyellowinothertypesofpublictransport,suchasschoolbuses.Forexample,wehopetocomparetheaccidentratesofyellowschoolbusesagainstthoseofothercolorstofindoutifyellowisindeedasafercolorforschoolbuses.Besides,we’realsointerestedtolookatprivate-hirevehiclesanddoacomparisonoftheaccidentratesofvehiclesthatareofdifferentcolors.”ExplainedProfHo.12.Whydoyellowtaxisresultinfeweraccidents?A.Becauseyellowcanbeseenmoreeasily.B.Becauseyellowsignalsawarningofdanger.C.Becausedriverstendtobemorecarefulinyellowtaxis.D.Becausepeopleactmorequicklyinyellowsurroundings.13.What’sProfHo’sstudybasedon?A.Physicalriskstaxipassengersexperience.B.Theeconomiceffectofchangingtaxicolor.C.DatafromSingapore’slargesttaxicompany.D.Personalreportsfromtaxidriversworldwide.14.WhatdoProfHo’swordsinthelastparagraphsuggest?A.Schoolbusesshouldbepaintedyellow.B.Theirfindingsareworthpopularizing.C.Theirstudywillbefurthered.D.Yellowshouldbewidelyusedinpublictransport.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Caution:yellowtaxisahead B.SafertorideinyellowtaxisC.Whyareyellowtaxispreferred? D.Howcancolorshelppreventaccidents?【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究人员发现黄色出租车比其他颜色的出租车发生的交通事故少得多，并希望将黄色应用于其他公共交通之中。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thehighervisibilityofyellowmakesitlessdifficultfordriverstoavoidgettingintoaccidentswithyellowtaxis,leadingtoaloweraccidentrate.”（因为黄色的能见度高，所以司机在使用黄色出租车时避免发生事故的难度较小，因此事故率也较低）可知，黄色的高能见度使得司机们容易避免与黄色出租车发生事故，故A项正确。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“theresearchteamanalyseddatacollectedbythelargesttaxicompanyinSingapore.”（该研究小组分析了新加坡最大的出租车公司收集的数据）可知，研究数据是从新加坡最大的出租车公司收集而来的，是故C项正确。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Weareeagertocontinuetovalidatethefindingsofourstudybylookingattheuseofyellowinothertypesofpublictransport”（我们希望通过研究其他公共交通工具中使用黄色的情况来进一步验证我们的研究结果）及“Besides,we’realsointerestedtolookatprivate-hirevehiclesanddoacomparisonoftheaccidentratesofvehiclesthatareofdifferentcolors.”（此外，我们还对私人租赁车辆感兴趣，并对不同颜色车辆的事故率进行比较）可知，研究人员将进一步证实黄色是否能应用于其他公共交通之中，并比较不同颜色出租车的事故率，故C项正确。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了研究人员发现黄色出租车比其他颜色的出租车发生的交通事故少得多，并希望应用于其他公共交通之中，所以短文的最佳标题为“注意:前方有黄色出租车”。故A项正确。第二节七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Whoeverwrotethesong''It'stheMostWonderfulTimeoftheYear''musthaveneverexperiencedtheholidayblues.Fortunately,psychologicalresearchsuggestssomeeffectivewaysyoucanusetobeattheholidayblues.Thekeypointisthatsadnessandothertoughemotionsarenotwhatweshouldtrytoavoid.___16___.Herearefourstrategiestohelpyoumakeyourownhappinessrecipethisholidayseason.Don'tforcecheerAtfamilygatheringswithcousinsyousecretlycan’tstand,youtendtoputonahappyface.Indeed,thatmightevenseemlikethemostmatureresponse—nodrama,noconflict.Buta2011studyfolloweddozensofbusdrivers,lookingtoseewhentheygaveforcedorhonestsmilesattheirpassengers.Theresultsshowedwhenthedriverspretendedtohaveagoodmood,theiractualmoodsgotworse.____17____.LetoutsadnessTheresultsofthebus­driverstudycanbeexplainedbyresearchers,whofindthatnegativefeelingslikesadnessorangeronlyincreasewhenwetrytocontrolthem.___18___.Wedon'tlikecontradictorybehavior.RespondcautiouslyRecently,scientistshavebeenpayingspecialattentiontothebenefitsofcaution.Whenyourespondcautiouslytoanemotionaltrigger,youpauseratherthanreactatonce.___19___.Besides,itisassociatedwithlessanxiety,andmayevencarryphysiologicalbenefits.____20____Ofcourse,theholidayswillbringamixofhighsandlows,butthemostimportantlessontokeepinmindisthatthisvarietyofemotionsmightbethebestthingpossibleforyouroverallwell­being.Inotherwords,sadness,anger,andotherdifficultemotionsarenothingtofear.Justmakesureyou'rebalancingthemwithlighterexperiences.Anddon’tforgettogiveyourselfabreak.A.RelaxyourmindB.EnjoyamixofemotionsC.WetendtodenytheimportantfunctionemotionsserveD.Instead,theycanhelpcontributetoahealthyandhappylifeE.SotryingtoforcehappinessseemstohavetheoppositeeffectsF.AcautiousresponsetoanegativeeventreducessadnessweexperienceG.Wefeelbadwhenourappearancecontradictshowwetrulyfeelinside【答案】16.D17.E18.G19.F20.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了缓解假期忧郁的四种策略。【16题详解】上文Thekeypointisthatsadnessandothertoughemotionsarenotwhatweshouldtrytoavoid.(问题的关键是悲伤和其他负面情绪不是我们应该试图避免的)与D.Instead,theycanhelpcontributetoahealthyandhappylife(相反，它们有助于一个健康和快乐的生活)承接自然，选项中的they就是上文所提到的sadnessandothertoughemotions，故选D项。【17题详解】E.Sotryingtoforcehappinessseemstohavetheoppositeeffects(因此，强颜欢笑会适得其反)符合本段小标题Don'tforcecheer(不要强颜欢笑)的话题，force是关键词，故选E项。【18题详解】下文Wedon'tlikecontradictorybehavior.(我们不喜欢不一致的行为)与G.Wefeelbadwhenourappearancecontradictshowwetrulyfeelinside(当我们的外表和我们内心真正的感受不一致时，我们感觉很糟糕)承接自然，contradictory是关键词，故选G项。【19题详解】上文Whenyourespondcautiouslytoanemotionaltrigger,youpauseratherthanreactatonce.(当你对情感的触发做出谨慎的反应时，你会暂停而不是立刻做出反应)与F.Acautiousresponsetoanegativeeventreducessadnessweexperience(对消极情况的谨慎反应会减少我们经历的痛苦)承接自然，cautiousresponse是关键词，且选项符合本段小标题Respondcautiously(谨慎回应)的话题，故选F项。【20题详解】根据下文的Ofcourse,theholidayswillbringamixofhighsandlows,butthemostimportantlessontokeepinmindisthatthisvarietyofemotionsmightbethebestthingpossibleforyouroverallwell­being.(当然，假期有高潮也有低谷，但重要的是要记住，这些各种各样的情绪可能对你整体的健康是一件最好的事情)可知，本段主要讲述我们要享受各种各样的情绪，不管是好的还是坏的。B.Enjoyamixofemotions(享受混合的情绪)可以作为本段小标题，故选B项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A.B.C.D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Icouldn’tbelieveitwhenRonsaid,“Honey,Iboughtustwocamels!”I’dalwaysbeenananimal____21____.ButbeautifulwasnotawordIwouldhaveeverusedto____22____acamel.TheywerebabieswhenboughtandI____23____themNadiaandSybil.IrememberNadiaonce____24____amalecalfthatlivedforonlyashorttime.Itbrokemyhearttohearherthroatybellows(嘶哑地吼叫)asshemourned(哀悼)the____25____.Afteraweek,Nadiawentbacktoeatingandroaming(漫步),____26____.Ican’tknowherinnerfeeling,butthe____27____sheshowedleftadeepimpressiononme.Lastfall,Sybilwasbelievedtobeinadeadly____28____.Icouldseethesufferinginhereyes,butshe____29____throughthepainduringthetriptoA&M,whereweknewshe’dhavethebestchanceof_____30_____.Herstrongwill_____31_____meandeventhehospitalteam.In2016,Ronwasdiagnosedwithcancer.Wewereboth_____32_____upset.Forsixmonths,heunderwentintensiveradiationtreatmentsthatlefthimquite_____33_____.Itooksoleresponsibilityforcaringfortheanimals,keepingourhousehold_____34_____andliftingRon’sspirits.Iwas_____35_____mentallyandphysically.ButNadiaandSybil_____36_____methatthere’spowerwithinusthatcarriesusthrougheventhetoughesttimes.Yetitwasn’tuntilIwatchedNadiaandSybillivethrough_____37_____thatIrealizedthatevenduringthose_____38_____years,therehadbeenhopeforme.Now,betweenanimalfeedingandotherfarmchores,Isit_____39_____inourcottage,moreatpeacethanI’veeverbeen.IthankRonforbringingmethesecamels.They’retrulya_____40_____forme.21.A.feeder B.lover C.doubter D.guardian22.A.train B.raise C.describe D.observe23.A.returned B.showed C.brought D.named24.A.gavebirthto B.gotcloseto C.gotoutof D.gaveriseto25.A.sky B.earth C.incident D.loss26.A.asusual B.inparticular C.bycoincidence D.inpractice27.A.beauty B.strength C.ambition D.awareness28.A.behavior B.mistake C.panic D.condition29.A.madesense B.triedout C.heldon D.builtup30.A.liberty B.survival C.application D.shelter31.A.amazed B.helped C.convinced D.promoted32.A.secretly B.nearly C.temporarily D.extremely33.A.busy B.weak C.serious D.nervous34.A.independent B.existing C.running D.practical35.A.exhausted B.disabled C.treated D.balanced36.A.warned B.reminded C.surprised D.recommended37.A.absurdness B.annoyance C.adaptation D.darkness38.A.fruitless B.wonderful C.scary D.remote39.A.contently B.aimlessly C.elegantly D.anxiously40.A.figure B.possession C.blessing D.burden【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.D26.A27.B28.D29.C30.B31.A32.D33.B34.C35.A36.B37.D38.C39.A40.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者是动物爱好者，她亲自见证了动物的坚强与力量，这也使她内心充满力量，学会了坚强面对黑暗时刻。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直是个动物爱好者。A.feeder进食者；B.lover爱好者；C.doubter持怀疑态度的人；D.guardian守卫。由下文语境和下文的“Itooksoleresponsibilityforcaringfortheanimals”可知，作者带骆驼去看病，丈夫生病后独自照顾骆驼们，说明作者是个动物爱好者。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但美丽并不是我用来形容骆驼的词。A.train训练；B.raise提高；C.describe形容、描述；D.observe观察。由上文的“beautifulwasnotaword”和常识可知，骆驼并不美丽，所以作者认为不能用美丽来形容骆驼。故选C项。23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们被买来的时候还是幼崽，我给他们起名叫娜迪亚和西比尔。A.returned回来；B.showed展示；C.brought买；D.named命名。由下文的“themNadiaandSybil”可知，作者给两只骆驼分别取名为娜迪亚和西比尔。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我记得娜迪亚曾经生过一头活得很短的雄性骆驼幼崽。A.gavebirthto生育；B.gotcloseto接近；C.gotoutof出来；D.gaveriseto引起。由下文的“amalecalfthatlivedforonlyashorttime”可知，娜迪亚曾经生过一头生命短暂的雄性骆驼幼崽。故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她为失去亲人而悲伤时，听到她嘶哑地吼声，我的心都碎了。A.sky天空；B.earth地球；C.incident事故；D.loss逝世。由上文的“amalecalfthatlivedforonlyashorttime”可知，雄性骆驼幼崽生命短暂，娜迪亚为幼崽逝世而悲伤。故选D项。【26题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：一周后，娜迪亚像往常一样，又吃又逛，我不知道她的内心感受，但她表现出的力量给我留下了深刻的印象。A.asusual像往常一样；B.inparticular尤其；C.bycoincidence巧合；D.inpractice实际上。由上文的“Afteraweek,Nadiawentbacktoeatingandroaming(漫步)”可知，一周后，娜迪亚又吃又逛，恢复了往常的样子。故选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一周后，娜迪亚像往常一样，又吃又逛，我不知道她的内心感受，但她表现出的力量给我留下了深刻的印象。A.beauty美丽；B.strength力量；C.ambition志向；D.awareness意识。由上文语境可知，娜迪亚痛失幼崽，悲痛异常，一周后恢复正常，这体现出的力量给作者留下了深刻的印象。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年秋天，西比尔被认为处于致命状态。A.behavior行为；B.mistake错误；C.panic恐慌；D.condition状态。由下文的“Icouldseethesufferinginhereyes”和“thepain”可知，西比尔因病痛苦，作者把她送医，说明西比尔当时处于致命状态。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我能从她的眼睛里看到痛苦，但在去A&M的路上，她在痛苦中挺住了，我们知道她在那里会有最好的生存机会。A.madesense有意义；B.triedout尝试；C.heldon坚持、挺住；D.builtup增强。由上文的“Lastfall,Sybilwasbelievedtobeinadeadly____8____.”，“Icouldseethesufferinginhereyes,but”和下文的“thepain”可知，but表转折，西比尔当时处于致命状态，虽痛苦，但她挺住了。故选C项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我能从她的眼睛里看到痛苦，但在去A&M的路上，她在痛苦中挺住了，我们知道她在那里会有最好的生存机会。A.liberty自由；B.survival生存；C.application申请；D.shelter庇护所。由上文的“duringthetriptoA&M”和下文的“eventhehospitalteam”可知，A&M应该是动物医疗机构，西比尔在A&M会有最好的生存机会。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的坚强意志令我甚至医院团队感到惊讶。A.amazed使惊讶；B.helped帮助；C.convinced使相信；D.promoted提升。由上文语境可知，西比尔曾处于致命状态，虽痛苦，但她挺住了，她的坚强意志令作者甚至医院团队感到惊讶。故选A项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们都非常沮丧。A.secretly秘密地；B.nearly几乎；C.temporarily暂时地；D.extremely非常。由上文的“In2016,Ronwasdiagnosedwithcancer.”可知，作者丈夫罗恩被诊断患有癌症，这是一件不幸的事，二人都非常沮丧。故选D项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：六个月来，他接受了密集的放射治疗，身体非常虚弱。A.busy忙碌的；B.weak虚弱的；C.serious严重的；D.nervous紧张的。由上文的“Forsixmonths,heunderwentintensiveradiationtreatments”可知，连续6月的放射治疗让罗恩身体虚弱。故选B项。34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我独自负责照顾动物，维持我们家的运转，鼓舞罗恩的精神。A.independent独立的；B.existing现存的；C.running运转的；D.practical实际的。由上文的“Itooksoleresponsibilityforcaringfortheanimals,keepingourhousehold”可知，虽然罗恩生病了，但作者依旧像往常一样照顾动物（不过是独自进行），维持家庭运转。故选C项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我身心俱疲。A.exhausted筋疲力尽的；B.disabled残疾的；C.treated处理；D.balanced平衡的。由上文的“Itooksoleresponsibilityforcaringfortheanimals,keepingourhousehold____14____andliftingRon’sspirits.”可知，罗恩生病了，作者要独自照顾动物，维持家庭运转，还要鼓励丈夫，这让作者身心俱疲。故选A项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但娜迪亚和西比尔提醒我，即使是最艰难的时刻，我们内心也有力量。A.warned警告；B.reminded提醒；C.surprised使惊讶；D.recommended推荐。由上文语境可知，娜迪亚痛失幼崽，悲痛异常，一周后恢复正常，体现出的力量给作者留下了深刻的印象；西比尔曾处于致命状态，虽痛苦，但她挺住了，她的坚强意志令作者甚至医院团队感到惊讶；说明两只骆驼表现出来的内在精神力量提醒了作者，即使是最艰难的时刻，我们内心也有力量。故选B项。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到我看着娜迪亚和西比尔度过了黑暗，我才意识到，即使在那些可怕的岁月里，我仍然有希望。A.absurdness荒谬；B.annoyance恼怒；C.adaptation适应；D.darkness黑暗。由上文语境可知，娜迪亚痛失幼崽，悲痛异常，一周后恢复正常，西比尔曾处于致命状态，虽痛苦，但她挺住了，两只骆驼都度过了黑暗的日子。故选D项。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到我看着娜迪亚和西比尔度过了黑暗，我才意识到，即使在那些可怕的岁月里，我仍然有希望。A.fruitless徒劳的；B.wonderful精彩的；C.scary可怕的；D.remote遥远的。由上文的“there’spowerwithinusthatcarriesusthrougheventhetoughesttimes”可知，此处指可怕的岁月里，作者内心有力量、仍然有希望。故选C项。【39题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，在喂食动物和做其他农活之间，我心满意足地坐在我们的小屋里，比以往任何时候都更加平静。A.contently心满意足地；B.aimlessly无目的地；C.elegantly优雅地；D.anxiously焦虑地。由上文的“evenduringthose____18____years,therehadbeenhopeforme”和下文的“moreatpeacethanI’veeverbeen”可知，两只骆驼体现的精神力量在丈夫病后，让作者意识到在可怕的岁月里，人仍然有希望，所以现在作者心满意足、更加平静。故选A项。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们真的是我的福气。A.figure人物；B.possession占有；C.blessing祝福；D.burden负担。由上文的“IthankRonforbringingmethesecamels.”可知，作者感谢罗恩带给自己这些骆驼，而两只骆驼体现的精神力量在丈夫病后，让作者意识到在可怕的岁月里，人仍然有希望，所以骆驼是作者的福气。故选C项。第二节语法填空（共10个小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式.ChinesearchitectureisastyleofarchitecturethathastakenshapeinEastAsiaovermanycenturies.Thestructural___41___(principle)ofChinesearchitecturehaveremained___42___(large)unchanged,themainchanges___43___(be)onlythedecorativedetails.SincetheTangDynasty,Chinesearchitecture___44___(have)amajorinfluenceonthearchitecturalstylesofROK,VietnamandJapan.Chinesearchitecture,theexamplesof___45___canbefoundfrommorethan2,000yearsago,isalmostasoldasChinesecivilizationandhaslongbeenanimportanthallmarkofChineseculture.TherearecertainfeaturescommontoChinesearchitecture,regardless___46___specificregions,differentprovincesoruses.Themostimportantis___47___(it)focusonwidth,suchasthewidehallsoftheForbiddenCity.Incontrast,Westernarchitecturetendstogivespecialimportanceto___48___(high).TheChinesegardenisalandscapegardenstylewhichhasevolvedoverthreethousandyears.ItincludesboththevastgardensoftheChineseemperors,___49___(build)forpleasureandtoimpress,andthemoreintimate(私人的)gardenscreatedbyscholars,poets,governmentofficials,soldiersandmerchants.Theycreateanidealizedminiaturelandscape,whichis___50___(intend)toexpresstheharmonythatshouldexistbetweenmanandnature.【答案】41.principles42.largely43.being44.hashad45.which46.of47.its48.height49.built50.intended【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国建筑的发展史。【41题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：中国建筑的结构原理在很大程度上保持不变，主要变化只是装饰细节。分析句子可知，句中谓语动词为haveremained，因此主语使用复数形式。故填principles。42题详解】考查副词。句意：中国建筑的结构原理在很大程度上保持不变，主要变化只是装饰细节。分析句子可知，应使用副词修饰形容词unchanged。故填largely。【43题详解】考查独立主格。句意：中国建筑的结构原理在很大程度上保持不变，主要变化只是装饰细节。分析句子可知，据中存在谓语动词haveremained，因此此处使用非谓语动词形式，且此处主语与主句主语并非一致，表示正所处的状态，因此使用“名词+现在分词”形式的独立主格结构。故填being。【44题详解】考查时态。句意：自唐代以来，中国建筑对韩国，越南和日本的建筑风格产生了重大影响。分析句子可知，句中存在since引导的时间状语从句，因此主句使用现在完成时，主语是Chinesearchitecture，谓语动词用单数，故填hashad。【45题详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：在2000年前发现的中国建筑的例子几乎与中国文明一样古老，并且长期以来一直是中国文化的重要标志。分析句子可知此处为“介词+关系代词”性是的定语从句，关系词指代先行词Chinesearchitecture，并在从句中作介词of的宾语。故填which。【46题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：无论特定地区，不同省份或用途如何，中国建筑都有某些共同特征。分析句子可知，regardlessof是固定搭配意为“无论”，切合语境。故填of。【47题详解】考查物主代词。句意：最重要的是，它注重宽度，例如紫禁城的宽阔大厅。分析句子可知，此处使用形容词性物主代词修饰名词focus。故填its。【48题详解】考查名词。句意：相反，西方建筑往往特别重视高度。分析句子可知，giveimportancetosth是固定搭配意为“重视……”，切合语境。因此此处使用high的名词形式。故填height。【49题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它既包括为娱乐而留下深刻印象的中国皇帝的广阔花园，也包括由学者，诗人，政府官员，士兵和商人创建的更为私密的花园。分析句子可知，gardens与build之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，此处使用过去分词作后置定语修饰限定vastgardens。故填built。【50题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：他们创造了一个理想化的微缩景观，想表达应存在于人与自然间的和谐。分析句子可知，beintendedto是固定搭配，意为“目的是”切合语境。故填intended。【点睛】第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求