2024-2025学年天津市四校联考高二上期末考试英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1天津市四校联考2024-2025学年高二上期末考试英语试卷第一部分：听力(略)第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.—IwillgiveTonyagoodlessonwhenhecomesback.—______!You’dbetterfindoutwhathappenedtohimfirst.A.Lookout B.Goodidea C.Keepcool D.Whatapity【答案】C【详析】考查交际用语。句意：——当托尼回来时，我要好好教训他一顿。——保持冷静！你最好先弄清楚他发生了什么事。A.Lookout小心，留神；B.Goodidea好主意；C.Keepcool保持冷静；D.Whatapity真可惜。根据“You’dbetterfindoutwhathappenedtohimfirst.”可知，劝对方要冷静，不要冲动行事。故选C。2.Hehasastrong_________forwearingrunningshoeswhetherit'sfordailyrunsorsimplyrelaxing.A.dislike B.ambition C.concern D.preference【答案】D【详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他非常喜欢穿跑鞋，无论是日常跑步还是单纯的放松。A.dislike厌恶：B.ambition雄心：C.concern担忧：D.preference偏爱。根据whetherit'sfordailyrunsorsimplyrelaxing.可知，此处表示“偏爱”。故选D。3.Hemadegreatefforttostriveforhisdream,whichproved______whenhefinallygraduatedwithhonors.A.secure B.convincing C.rewarding D.humble【答案】C【详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他为梦想付出了巨大努力，当他最终以优异的成绩毕业时，证明这是值得的。A.secure安全的；可靠的；B.convincing令人信服的；C.rewarding值得的；有报酬的；有益的；D.humble谦逊的；卑微的。根据“Hemadegreatefforttostriveforhisdream,”可知，他为梦想付出了巨大努力证明是值得的。故选C。4.Hewas______chosenbecauseofhisqualifications,andnotbecauseofhiscelebrity.A.gradually B.apparently C.slightly D.enormously【答案】B【详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他显然是因为自身资质被选中，而不是因为他的名气。A.gradually逐渐地；B.apparently显然，明显地；C.slightly轻微地；D.enormously极大地。根据“andnotbecauseofhiscelebrity.”可知，他被选中，明显地是因为他自身的资质。故选B。5.TheislandishometotheCharlesDarwinResearchStation,wherescientificstudiesare______.A.carriedout B.comeout C.burstout D.broughtout【答案】A【详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：该岛是查尔斯·达尔文研究站的所在地，在那里进行科学研究。A.carriedout实施；执行；进行；B.comeout出版；出现；结果是；C.burstout突然爆发；D.broughtout出版；生产；使显示。根据“TheislandishometotheCharlesDarwinResearchStation,”可知，查尔斯·达尔文在那里进行科学研究。故选A。6.Richardstickstoprinciplesandatthesametimehasflexibility,soheistonegotiatewiththecompetitors________thecommunity.A.onbehalfof B.onaccountofC.infavorof D.intermsof【答案】A【详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：Richard坚持原则的同时也有灵活变通，因此他要与代表社区的对手协商。A.onbehalfof代表，为了……的利益；B.onaccountof因为；C.infavorof有助于，有利于；D.intermsof在…方面。根据后文的thecommunity可知，是Richard代表了整个社区。故选A。7.______youdisturbmenow?I’mbusypreparingareport.A.Need B.Should C.Might D.Must【答案】D【详析】考查情态动词。句意：你现在一定要打扰我吗？我正忙着准备报告。A.Need需要；B.Should应该；C.Might可能；D.Must必须。根据“I’mbusypreparingareport.”可知，must在疑问句中表示“非要，偏要”，带有不满、不耐烦的语气。故选D。8.Idislike______whenIamleftalonetostartaconversationwithastranger.A.that B.it C.this D.one【答案】B【详析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不喜欢独自一人去和陌生人攀谈。句中用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为whenIamleftalonetostartaconversationwithastranger。故选B。9.—Whynotgoouttoplaywiththem?—Sorry.Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomeworkyet,I______mymotherinthekitchenalldayyesterday.A.havebeenhelping B.hadhelpedC.washelping D.hadbeenhelping【答案】C【详析】考查动词时态。句意：——为什么不跟他们出去玩了？——对不起，我作业还没做完。我昨天一天都在厨房帮妈妈。结合句意和时间状语alldayyesterday可知，句子描述的是过去某一时间正在进行的动作，用过去进行时态；空白处做句子的谓语，主语是I，故选C。10.Whileyouaregifted,youwon’tattainyourgoalinlife______youworkhard.A.as B.unless C.when D.while【答案】B【详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然你有天赋，但如果你不努力工作，你不会实现人生目标。A.as因为；随着；当……时候；B.unless除非，如果不；C.when当……时候；D.while当……时候；然而。根据“youwon’tattainyourgoalinlife”可知，如果不努力工作，就不会实现人生目标。故选B。11.Wearetalkingaboutthefamouswriterandhisnewnovel______attractsomanystudents.A.whose B.who C.that D.which【答案】C【详析】考查定语从句。句意：我们正在谈论那位著名的作家和他吸引了众多学生的新小说。句中先行词为thefamouswriterandhisnewnovel，既有人又有物，在定语从句中作主语，此时关系词只能用that。故选C。12.Beforegoingshopping,Ialwaysmakealistof________myfamilyneedsothatIwon’tleaveanythingout.A.which B.whether C.where D.what【答案】D【详析】考查宾语从句。句意：在去购物之前，我总是把家人需要的东西列一个清单，这样我就不会遗漏任何东西。分析句子可知，这里考查宾语从句，从句中缺宾语，表示“什么”，所以应用连接代词what。故选D项。13.Allthepeoplepaidmoreattentiontothereconstructionofthehospitalseriously______intheterriblefire.A.todamage B.damaging C.havingdamaged D.damaged【答案】D【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有人都更加关注在那场可怕的火灾中严重受损的医院的重建工作。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词hospital与damage之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故选D。14.Jack,togetherwithhisparents,______toattendhisbrother’sgraduationceremonytheotherday.A.wereinvited B.wasinvited C.havebeeninvited D.hasbeeninvited【答案】B【详析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：前几天，杰克和他的父母一起被邀请去参加他哥哥的毕业典礼。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语theotherday可知应用一般过去时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，谓语和togetherwith前的主语Jack保持一致，应用wasinvited，故选B。15.—Bob,______,butyourMP4istooloud.—Oh,I’mreallysorry.I’llturnitdownrightnow.A.Ihatetosay B.it’shardtosay C.youarewelcome D.Ihaveaproblem【答案】A【详析】考查情景交际。句意：——鲍勃，我不想这么说，但你的MP4声音实在太大了。——噢，真的很抱歉。我现在就把它关掉。A.Ihatetosay我不想这么说；B.it’shardtosay很难说；C.youarewelcome没有关系；D.Ihaveaproblem我有个问题。由下文“butyourMP4istooloud”可知，此处表示“不想这么说、不得不说”，故选A。第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31～50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Peopleliketoclimboverrocks,frozenwaterfallsandhugesnowymountains.Myfavorite____16____ofclimbingisalpine(高山的)mountaineering,whereIcan____17____myselfonthemostinspiringpeaksintheAlps.Atage25,Idecidedmynext____18____wastoclimbMontBlanc.MyfriendCharleyjoinedmeforthis____19____.Aftertrainingforsixmonths,we____20____ourweek-longtripintheAlps.Thewaythatwefeltaboutbreakingthroughallkindsof____21____madeushungryformore.Itwasahuge____22____game;althougheverythinginsidewasscreamingatusto____23____,wehadtokeepgoing.Sincethen,I’veclimbedinthedepthsofallfourseasons.I’veappreciated____24____shininginwinter’ssunlight;itisasifalayerofdiamonds____25____everythingyousetyoureyeson.I’veseensunrisethattakesmybreathawayandmakesme____26____everymomentofmyclimbing.Once,whenIwasclimbingasnowymountain,IfeltsocoldthatIcouldn’ttalkandfeared____27____ofmyfingers.Suddenly,Ifelloffthecliffwhilehangingontothesideofthemountain,which____28____me.TearsrolleddownmyfaceandIdidn’t____29____howIwouldfindawayto____30____.Atthattime,IwishedthatIhadchosenaless____31____sport.However,Iknewitwaswalkingthistightrope(钢丝)betweenenduranceandimprovementsinproblem-solvingskillsthatkeptme____32____.Climbing____33____ustoseewhowecanbecomeandhelpsustobuildconfidenceanddevelopskills.____34____,wecanliveourlivesinthe____35____waywecanimagine.ThisiswhyIloveclimbing.16.A.brand B.time C.record D.type17.A.hide B.persuade C.challenge D.protect18.A.measure B.goal C.promise D.belief19.A.adventure B.vacation C.performance D.experiment20.A.ruined B.started C.cancelled D.extended21.A.assumptions B.expectations C.doubts D.limits22.A.fair B.close C.mental D.silent23.A.fight B.help C.succeed D.stop24.A.water B.snow C.dust D.fire25.A.covers B.clears C.adds D.equips26.A.recall B.imagine C.value D.employ27.A.holding B.taking C.movement D.loss28.A.defined B.scared C.thrilled D.ashamed29.A.know B.believe C.realize D.predict30.A.quit B.exist C.continue D.complain31.A.personal B.risky C.impressive D.popular32.A.movingon B.standingout C.breakingdown D.turningup33.A.convinces B.requires C.forces D.inspires34.A.Thus B.Instead C.Otherwise D.However35.A.fastest B.easiest C.best D.rarest【答案】16.D17.C18.B19.A20.B21.D22.C23.D24.B25.A26.C27.D28.B29.A30.C31.B32.A33.D34.A35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者通过攀登阿尔卑斯山的感悟，即攀岩激励我们看到自己能成为什么样的人，并帮助我们建立信心和发展技能。【16题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最喜欢的登山类型是高山登山，在那里我可以在阿尔卑斯山最鼓舞人心的山峰上挑战自己。A.brand品牌；B.time时间；C.record记录；D.type种类，类型。由上文“Peopleliketoclimboverrocks,frozenwaterfallsandhugesnowymountains.”提出了几种不同类型的攀登可知，此处指作者最喜欢的攀登类型是高山登山。故选D。【17题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最喜欢的登山类型是高山登山，在那里我可以在阿尔卑斯山最鼓舞人心的山峰上挑战自己。A.hide隐藏；B.persuade劝说；C.challenge挑战；D.protect保护。由上文“alpine(高山的)mountaineering”可知，高山登山可以让作者挑战自己，故选C。【18题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：25岁时，我决定下一个目标是攀登勃朗峰。A.measure方法；B.goal目标；C.promise承诺；D.belief信念。由下文“wastoclimbMontBlanc.”可知，作者下一个目标是攀登勃朗峰，故选B。【19题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友查理和我一起参加了这次冒险。A.adventure冒险；B.vacation假期；C.performance表演；D.experiment实验。由上文“Atage25,Idecidedmynext

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wastoclimbMontBlanc.”可知，攀登勃朗峰是一次冒险活动，故选A。【20题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过六个月的训练后，我们开始了为期一周的阿尔卑斯山之旅。A.ruined破坏；B.started开始；C.cancelled取消；D.extended延伸。由上文“Aftertrainingforsixmonths”和下文“ourweek-longtripintheAlps.”可知，在训练后作者和朋友开始攀登阿尔卑斯山，故选B。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们对突破各种限制的感觉让我们渴望更多。A.assumptions假设；B.expectations期望；C.doubts怀疑；D.limits限制。由上文“Thewaythatwefeltaboutbreakingthroughallkindsof

”可知，突破各种限制的感觉激发人们想要探索更多的欲望，故选D。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一场巨大的心理游戏。尽管内心的一切都在尖叫着让我们停下来，但我们必须继续前进。A.fair公平的；B.close亲密的；C.mental心理上的；D.silent沉默的。由上文“Thewaythatwefeltaboutbreakingthroughallkindsof

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madeushungryformore.”和下文“althougheverythinginside”可知，突破各种限制的感觉激发人们想要探索更多的欲望，这是心理上的想法，故选C。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一场巨大的心理游戏。尽管内心的一切都在尖叫着让我们停下来，但我们必须继续前进。A.fight斗争；B.help帮助；C.succeed成功；D.stop阻止。由although可知，前后是转折关系，此处指内心的一切都在尖叫着让作者停下来，故选D。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我欣赏过冬日阳光下闪耀的雪花；就像一层钻石覆盖了你所看到的一切。A.water水；B.snow雪；C.dust灰尘；D.fire火。由下文“shininginwinter’ssunlight”和“Once,whenIwasclimbingasnowymountain”可知，此处指冬日的雪花，故选B。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我欣赏过冬日阳光下闪耀的雪花；就像一层钻石覆盖了你所看到的一切。A.covers覆盖；B.clears清除；C.adds加入；D.equips配备。由下文“everythingyousetyoureyeson”可知，此处指雪就像是钻石一样覆盖在你所看到的东西上，故选A。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我见过让我屏住呼吸的日出，让我珍惜攀登的每一刻。A.recall回想；B.imagine想象；C.value重视，珍惜；D.employ雇佣。由下文“everymomentofmyclimbing.”可知，美丽的日出让作者很珍惜攀登的每一刻，故选C。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我爬雪山时，感觉冷得说不出话来，还害怕失去手指。A.holding股份；B.taking取得，捕获，营业收入；C.movement移动；D.loss损失，失去。由上文“IfeltsocoldthatIcouldn’ttalkandfeared”可知，作者爬雪山时很冷，所以怕冻掉自己的手指，即怕失去自己的手指，故选D。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我从悬崖上掉了下来，挂在山腰上了，这把我吓坏了。A.defined下定义；B.scared使害怕；C.thrilled使激动；D.ashamed使羞愧。由上文“Suddenly,Ifelloffthecliffwhilehangingontothesideofthemountain”可知，作者突然从悬崖上掉了下来，挂在山腰上，这吓坏作者了，故选B。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：泪水从我的脸上滚落，我不知道如何才能继续下去。A.know知道；B.believe相信；C.realize意识到；D.predict预测。由下文“howIwouldfindaway”可知，作者从悬崖上掉了下来，挂在山腰上后，不知道怎么办，故选A。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：泪水从我的脸上滚落，我不知道如何才能继续下去。A.quit停止；B.exist存在；C.continue继续；D.complain抱怨。上文提到作者从悬崖上掉了下来，挂在山腰上后，不知道该如何继续攀登山峰，故选C。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时，我希望自己选择了一项风险较小的运动。A.personal个人的；B.risky冒险的；C.impressive印象深刻的；D.popular流行的。作者在攀登喜马拉雅山，由此可知，这是一项有风险的运动，故选B。【32题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，我知道正是这种在忍耐和提高解决问题能力之间的平衡让我不断前进。A.movingon继续进行；B.standingout突出；C.breakingdown坏掉；D.turningup出现。由上文“However,Iknewitwaswalkingthistightrope(钢丝)betweenenduranceandimprovementsinproblem-solvingskillsthatkeptme”可知，这种在忍耐和提高解决问题能力之间的平衡让作者不断前进。故选A。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：攀岩激励我们看到自己能成为什么样的人，并帮助我们建立信心和发展技能。A.convinces使信服；B.requires要求；C.forces强迫；D.inspires鼓励，激励。由下文“ustoseewhowecanbecomeandhelpsustobuildconfidenceanddevelopskills.”可知，攀岩激励我们看到自己能成为什么样的人。故选D。【34题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们可以按照我们能想象的最好的方式生活。A.Thus因此；B.Instead相反；C.Otherwise否则；D.However然而。此处和上文是因果关系，即攀岩激励我们看到自己能成为什么样的人，并帮助我们建立信心和发展技能，所以我们可以按照我们能想象的最好的方式生活。故选A。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们可以按照我们能想象的最好的方式生活。A.fastest最快的；easiest最简单的；C.best最好的；D.rarest最稀少的。由下文“waywecanimagine”可知，我们能想象的当然是做好的生活方式，故选C。第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhetheryourteenagerisapartofanunhealthycommunityordoesn’thaveanycommunitytiesatall,helpingthemdevelopqualityrelationshipscanbetough.Hereareafewthingsyoucandotohelpyourteen:BuildTheirConfidenceTheteenageyearscanbethehardest.Whiletheymaynotopenlytalkaboutitwithyou,yourchildisdealingwithhormones(荷尔蒙),changingpeergroups,andbiglifeevents,whilesometimesstrugglingwithlowself-esteem.Unfortunately,thiscancausethemtoisolatethemselvesandignoretheadviceoftheiradultpeersorrolemodels.Themorethatyoucanempoweryourteentodeveloppositivebehavioralandlifeskills,themoreconfidenttheywillbewhentheyareapartofacommunityontheirown.ModelConflict(冲突)ResolutionAccordingtoprominenttherapymodelsandpractitioners,eventhebestoffriendsaregoingtohavefights,butnoteveryargumentmeanstheendofafriendshiporcommunity.Conflictisanaturalpartofrelationships.Helpthemworkon“fightingfair”andrecognizingwhentotakeabreakfromanargumenttocooloff.Particularlywhenitcomestosocialmedia,wheremisunderstandingsarecommonandconflictcanquicklygetoutofcontrol,teachyourteenthevalueofsaying“Ithinkwe’rebothreallyupset.Let’stalkaboutthisinpersontomorrow.”Thebestwaytodothisistomodelhealthyconflictresolutionyourself.HelpConnectThemSometimes,yourchildneedsguidance(指导)whenmakingpositiverelationshipsintheirschoolorsocialgroup.Encouragingthemtogetinvolvedinasport,hobby,after-schoolclub,oryouthgroupcanhelptremendously(巨大地)whenit’stimeforthemtobuildacommunitywithlike-mindedpeople.Engageincommunityserviceasafamily.Whentheyserveothersintheircommunity,theywillfeelmoreinvestedinthegroup’swell-beingandbemoreopentomakingconnectionswithothers.Overall,helpingyourchildbuildconnectionswithinasupportivecommunityhastremendousbenefits.Theneedforloveandbelongingispartofourbasicneedsashumanbeings.Itprovidesbeneficiallifeskillsforteens.36.Howcanparentsdotohelpteenagerstobuildtheirconfidence?A.Byignoringtheadviceofothers. B.Bymakingthemisolatethemselves.C.Byhelpingthemdeveloppositiveattitude. D.Byopenlyhavingatalkwiththem.37.Toresolvetheconflict,theteensshould______.A.turntotherapymodelsandpractitioners B.haveafightwiththeirbestfriendC.coolwhentheyarehavinganargument D.findrightwaytodealwithitthemselves38.Whatshouldteensdotoconnectthemselves?A.Theyshouldbeengagedinactivitiesinschoolorcommunity.B.Theyshouldbewithlike-mindedpeoplewhenincommunity.C.Theyshouldinvestinthecommunity’shappiness.D.Theyshouldbeopentoallthepeopleintheworld.39.Whatcanthecommunityactivitiesallowteenagerstodo?A.Playbasketwithothersintheafter-schoolactivities.B.Dosomecleaningwithpeersfortheneeded.C.Raisemoneywithvolunteersforthecharity.D.Improveindividualwell-beingbyhimself.40.Wherecanyoufindthepassagepossibly?A.Abookreview B.AscientificmagazineC.Acommunityleaflet. D.Anadvertisement.【答案】36.C37.D38.A39.B40.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讨论了如何帮助青少年建立健康的人际关系，包括建立自信、解决冲突、提供社交指导等方面的建议。【36题详析】细节理解题。根据文章BuildTheirConfidence部分中“Themorethatyoucanempoweryourteentodeveloppositivebehavioralandlifeskills,themoreconfidenttheywillbewhentheyareapartofacommunityontheirown.(你越是能够帮助孩子培养积极的行为和生活技能，当他们独自融入某个社交圈子时，就会越自信)”可知，父母可以通过帮助他们培养积极的态度来帮助青少年建立自信。故选C。【37题详析】细节理解题。根据文章ModelConflict(冲突)Resolution部分中“Helpthemworkon“fightingfair”andrecognizingwhentotakeabreakfromanargumenttocooloff.(帮助他们学会“公平争吵”，并明白何时该从争论中抽身冷静一下)”可知，青少年应该找到正确的方法来处理冲突，包括公平地争吵、在争吵时适时休战冷静下来，因此，青少年应该自己找到正确的方法来解决冲突。故选D。【38题详析】细节理解题。根据文章HelpConnectThem部分中“Encouragingthemtogetinvolvedinasport,hobby,after-schoolclub,oryouthgroupcanhelptremendously(巨大地)whenit’stimeforthemtobuildacommunitywithlike-mindedpeople.Engageincommunityserviceasafamily.(鼓励他们参与一项运动、培养一种爱好、加入课外俱乐部或青年团体，这在他们与志同道合的人建立社交圈子时会有极大的帮助。全家人一起参与社区服务)”可知，鼓励青少年参与体育活动、爱好、课外俱乐部或青年团体，当他们需要与志同道合的人建立社区时，这将极大地帮助他们。因此，青少年应该参与学校或社区的活动来建立联系。故选A。【39题详析】推理判断题。根据文章HelpConnectThem部分中“Whentheyserveothersintheircommunity,theywillfeelmoreinvestedinthegroup’swell-beingandbemoreopentomakingconnectionswithothers.(当他们为所在社区的其他人服务时，会对这个群体的福祉更有归属感，也会更乐于与他人建立联系)”可知，当青少年为所在社区的其他人服务时，会对这个群体的福祉更有归属感，也会更乐于与他人建立联系。选项B“Dosomecleaningwithpeersfortheneeded(和同龄人一起为有需要的人进行清洁工作)”既体现了青少年参与社区活动，通过为有需要的人提供帮助，增强了他们对社区的责任感和归属感，又能在与同龄人合作的过程中提升人际交往等能力，符合文章中所描述的社区活动对青少年的积极作用。故选B。【40题详析】推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章围绕帮助青少年在社区建立优质人际关系展开，与社区相关。社区传单往往会提供与社区居民相关的信息，如社区活动建议、如何促进社区成员发展等内容。由此可知，本文很有可能出现在社区传单上。故选C。B“Areyouallright?”thestudent,whowas4yearsbehindmeinthesamePh.D.program,askedasshepassedmeinthehallway.“Iseeyouspendsomuchtimeworking,evenatnight.”Thehallwayencounterservedasareminder.Herconcernformywell-beingandunspokenquestionabouttheexpectationsplaceduponher,mademerealizeIshouldhaveadifferentapproach.WhenIwasherage,Ifeltthepressuretobecomeaperfectstudent.Andthelackoffirmdeadlinesandclearexpectationsinmyprogramaddedtomyanxietiesandleftmewithoutaclearpathforward.SoIinsteadlookedaroundtogetanideaofhowIcouldfitinandimpressmycolleagues.Inoticedthatmostofthepeoplearoundmeseemedtobeworkingallthetime.Ibegantospendmanyweekdaynightsandweekendsinthelab.However,attheendofthefirstyear,mystrategyfailedandIcrashedfromburnout,whichtookatollonmyproductivityandmotivation.DuringoneofmanymindlessSundaysintheoffice,IrealizedI’dfallenintomyself-imposed(自己强加的)trap.Fromthenon,IstoppedcountingmyworkhoursandsparedtimeforexerciseandactivitiesIenjoyed.Thisshifthadasignificantimpact.IfoundmyselfmoreenergeticandmotivatedwhenIreturnedtowork.Andmynewfoundpositiveapproachallowedmetorecognizemyuniquecontributionstomyresearch,leadingtoaboostinconfidence.Icontinuedquietlyalongthispathforyearsuntilthathallwayconversation.ThestudentwasmakingthesamemistakeIdidatherstage.SowhenIranintoheragainweekslater,IsharedthatdespitethepressureofmyfinalPh.D.year,Iprioritizedmymentalandphysicalhealthandavoidedworkingovertime.Itfeltdeeplyrewardingtosetapositiveexampleformycolleaguesandactivelychallengethewidespreadworkaholic(工作狂)culturearoundme.41.Whatmightbethestudent’sunspokenquestionaccordingtothetext?A.Iftheauthorwasingoodhealth.B.Ifsheshouldworkasmuchasothers.C.Howshesetfirmdeadlinesforherwork.D.WhatshecouldexpectfromthePh.D.program.42.Whatstrategydidtheauthorinitiallyadopttofitin?A.Creatingaflexiblestudyschedule. B.Seekingguidancefromprofessors.C.Copyingtheworkhabitsofcolleagues. D.Focusingonpersonalinterestsoutsideofwork.43.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tookatollon”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Hadabadeffecton. B.Tookadvantageof.C.Maderoomfor. D.Ranoutof.44.Whatadvicemighttheauthorgivetothefemalestudent?A.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway. B.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.C.AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy. D.Whenlifegivesyoulemons,makelemonade.45.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.FindingtherightcareerpathinlifeB.ThehiddencostsofoverwhelmingpressureC.BreakingfreefromtheworkaholictrapinacademiaD.TipsforimprovingproductivityasaPh.D.student【答案】41.B42.C43.A44.C45.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述作者个人在攻读博士学位过程中的经历，引出了关于工作压力、健康平衡以及积极生活态度的重要性等议题。【41题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段““Areyouallright?”thestudent,whowas4yearsbehindmeinthesamePh.D.program,askedasshepassedmeinthehallway.“Iseeyouspendsomuchtimeworking,evenatnight.”Thehallwayencounterservedasareminder.Herconcernformywell-beingandunspokenquestionabouttheexpectationsplaceduponher,mademerealizeIshouldhaveadifferentapproach.(“你还好吗？”同读博士项目，但比我低四届的一位同学在走廊上与我擦肩而过时问道，“我看你花这么多时间工作，甚至晚上还在忙。”这次走廊上的偶遇给我提了个醒。她对我健康状况的关心，以及她未说出口却关乎自身所面临期望的疑问，让我意识到我应该换一种方式)”以及第二段“SoIinsteadlookedaroundtogetanideaofhowIcouldfitinandimpressmycolleagues.Inoticedthatmostofthepeoplearoundmeseemedtobeworkingallthetime.Ibegantospendmanyweekdaynightsandweekendsinthelab.(于是，我转而观察周围，想知道怎样才能融入其中并给同事们留下好印象。我注意到身边大多数人似乎一直在工作。于是，我开始在工作日的许多夜晚以及周末泡在实验室里)”可推测，作者回忆自己在学生这个年纪时，看到周围人一直工作，就觉得自己也应该如此，而现在这个学生看到作者一直工作，同样会有是否也该像作者（其他人）一样花大量时间工作的疑问，故学生未说出口的问题可能是她是否应该像其他人一样努力地工作。故选B。【42题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“SoIinsteadlookedaroundtogetanideaofhowIcouldfitinandimpressmycolleagues.Inoticedthatmostofthepeoplearoundmeseemedtobeworkingallthetime.Ibegantospendmanyweekdaynightsandweekendsinthelab.(于是，我转而观察周围，想知道怎样才能融入其中并给同事们留下好印象。我注意到身边大多数人似乎一直在工作。于是，我开始在工作日的许多夜晚以及周末泡在实验室里)”可知，作者看到周围的同事似乎一直都在工作，随后自己也开始在工作日的晚上及周末泡在实验室，这清晰地表明作者最初采取的融入策略是模仿同事的工作习惯。故选C。【43题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线短语上文“However,attheendofthefirstyear,mystrategyfailedandIcrashedfromburnout(我的策略失败了，我因过度劳累而崩溃)”可推测，这种过度工作的情况对作者的“productivityandmotivation(生产力和积极性)”产生了不好的影响。选项A“Hadabadeffecton”意为“对……有不良影响”，符合语境。故选A。【44题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“SowhenIranintoheragainweekslater,IsharedthatdespitethepressureofmyfinalPh.D.year,Iprioritizedmymentalandphysicalhealthandavoidedworkingovertime.Itfeltdeeplyrewardingtosetapositiveexampleformycolleaguesandactivelychallengethewidespreadworkaholic(工作狂)culturearoundme.(所以，几周后我再次遇到她时，我告诉她，尽管我在博士最后一年压力很大，但我依然优先考虑自己的身心健康，避免加班。能为同事们树立一个积极的榜样，并积极挑战身边普遍存在的工作狂文化，这让我深感欣慰)”可知，作者起初过度工作，导致崩溃，后来改变方式，注重身心健康，工作状态反而更好。所以作者很可能会告诫这位女同学不要只知道工作，要注意劳逸结合。选项C“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy(只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻)”即要劳逸结合，不能只知道工作，很好地体现了作者自身的经历教训。故选C。【45题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者在博士项目中，因受周围环境影响，起初陷入工作狂状态，后来意识到问题并做出改变，成功摆脱这种状态，同时还想帮助那位女同学避免同样错误。选项C“Breakingfreefromtheworkaholictrapinacademia(摆脱学术界的工作狂陷阱)”准确概括了文章内容，是文章的最佳标题。故选C。CSoy(大豆)isfoundinalmosteverythingweeat—fromthevegetableoilinstore-boughtfoodtothecoatingontheoutsideofapples,andsoon.Whileitmayseemlikehumanschosethesoybean,itwasarguablythesoybeanthatchosepeople.Soybeanshaveauniqueinbornquality.Thegreenplantgrowsanywherefromthreetofivefeettallandproducesaround100beansperplant.SoycansurviveeverywherefromtheextremelytoughfourseasonsofManitoba,Canada,tothegrasslandofMpumalanga,SouthAfrica.Soywaslikelydomesticated(驯化)inChinaabout6,000to9,000yearsagofromitswildrelative.AncientChinesemedicalherbalistsdescribedusingallpartsoftheplantasmedicine.SoybeansfirstarrivedintheUnitedStatesinthe18thcentury.Atthattime,theywereinitiallyplantedtobesenttoEnglandtomeetrisingdemandsforsoysauce,whichwasbecomingatrendinBritishcuisine.Itwouldnotbelong,though,beforeAmericansfoundanotheruseforthebean.DuringtheCivilWar,roastedsoybeanswereusedascoffeereplacements.Soon,soybeanswouldbecomeaprimarycomponentinthedietsofnon-humancreatures,too.IntheU.S.,forexample,chickenseatthemostsoy,followedbypigs,cows,andfish.Theseanimalseatover70percentofallsoybeansgrownintheU.S.Soybeansalsodemonstratedtransformativepowerelsewhere.HenryFord,theinfluentialinventoroftheModelTcar,firmlyclaimedthecommonlyseensoybeanwasnotcommonatall.Heevenmadehousepaintandsoapforcarsfromsoybeanoil.Heturnedthebeanitselfintocarpartsandlightswitches.Nowadays,almostallsoybeansgrownintheU.S.aregeneticallymodified(GM).Suchplantsareresistanttoweedkillersandcangrowwellintoughconditions.However,geneticmodificationalsomeansthatmassivequantitiesofsoybeanscanbeplantedinregionsoftheworld,liketheAmazonrainforest,wheretheyarereplacingthetreesthatoncestoodthere.In2023,policiesintroducedinSouthAmericabeganslowingratesofdeforestation(毁林)intheAmazon.Still,Brazilisbyfarthelargestexporterofsoybeans.46.Whichfeatureofsoybeansdoestheauthormainlyhighlightatthebeginningofthetext?A.TheirhistoricalsignificanceinagricultureB.TheirgreatadaptabilitytotheenvironmentC.TheirnutritionalbenefitsforhumanhealthD.Theiruseinvariousfoodproductsandcuisines47.ForwhatpurposeweresoybeansgrowninAmericaatfirst?A.Export. B.Animalfeed.C.Medicaltreatment. D.Primaryfoodsources.48.WhatbeliefrelatedtosoybeansdidHenryFordhold?A.Theyshouldbeemployedintraditionalrecipes.B.Theywereprimarilyafoodsourceforhumans.C.Theyimprovedpeople’ssenseofwell-being.D.Theyhadgreatpotentialinindustrialfields.49.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheimpactoftheplantingofGMsoybeans?A.Ithasreducedthequalityofsoybeans.B.Ithasledtotherandomuseofweedkillers.C.Ithasdisturbedtheglobaldemandforsoybeans.D.Ithascausedseriousenvironmentalconsequences.50.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ThedevelopmentofGMsoybeansB.HowGMsoybeanscameintothemarketC.HowthesoybeantookovertheworldD.ThejourneyofsoybeansfromChinatotheUS【答案】46.B47.A48.D49.D50.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大豆的起源以及传播。【46题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“SoycansurviveeverywherefromtheextremelytoughfourseasonsofManitoba,Canada,tothegrasslandofMpumalanga,SouthAfrica.(从加拿大马尼托巴省极其艰难的四个季节到南非普马兰加省的草原，大豆可以在任何地方生存。)”可知，作者在文首主要强调了大豆的对环境的巨大适应性这一特点，故选B。【47题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“SoybeansfirstarrivedintheUnitedStatesinthe18thcentury.Atthattime,theywereinitiallyplantedtobesenttoEnglandtomeetrisingdemandsforsoysauce,whichwasbecomingatrendinBritishcuisine.

(大豆于18世纪首次抵达美国。当时，它们最初被种植到英国，以满足日益增长的酱油需求，酱油正在成为英国美食的一种趋势。)”可知，美国最初种植大豆的目的是为了出口。故选A。【48题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“HenryFord,theinfluentialinventoroftheModelTcar,firmlyclaimedthecommonlyseensoybeanwasnotcommonatall.Heevenmadehousepaintandsoapforcarsfromsoybeanoil.Heturnedthebeanitselfintocarpartsandlightswitches.(T型汽车的颇具影响力的发明者亨利·福特坚定地声称，常见的大豆根本不同寻常。他甚至用大豆油制作房屋油漆和汽车肥皂。他将豆子本身变成了汽车零件和电灯开关)”可推知，HenryFord认为大豆在工业领域具有巨大的潜力。故选D。【49题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“However,geneticmodificationalsomeansthatmassivequantitiesofsoybeanscanbeplantedinregionsoftheworld,liketheAmazonrainforest,wheretheyarereplacingthetreesthatoncestoodthere.(然而，基因改造也意味着世界各地可以种植大量大豆，例如亚马逊雨林，它们正在取代那里曾经矗立的树木)”和最后一段中“In2023,policiesintroducedinSouthAmericabeganslowingratesofdeforestation(毁林)intheAmazon.(2023年，南美洲出台的政策开始减缓亚马逊地区的毁林速度)”可推知，种植转基因大豆引起了严重的环境问题——毁坏森林，故选D。【50题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Soy(大豆)isfoundinalmosteverythingweeat—fromthevegetableoilinstore-boughtfoodtothecoatingontheoutsideofapples,andsoon.(我们吃的几乎所有食物中都含有大豆——从商店购买的食物中的植物油到苹果外面的涂层等等)”可知，文章主要介绍了大豆的起源以及传播，C项“大豆如何占领世界”适合作文章标题，故选C。DIncreaseyourproductivity.ThisishowChatGPT,anartificialintelligence(AI)toolfromOpenAI,attractsitsusers.However,althoughthetechnologywillimproveefficiency(效率)atwork,noteveryoneembracesit.AccordingtoareportbytheWorldEconomicForu