【期末高二下】江西省南昌市二中2018-2019学年高二下学期期末英语试题（解析版）

2/2南昌二中2018—2019学年度下学期期末考试高二英语试卷命题人：熊琪审题人：龚志强第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下—小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhatdoweknowaboutJohn?A.Hewon’twaitforthewoman.B.Hewon’tcomehometoday.C.Hewon’tbeontimefordinner.2.Whatdoestheboystillneedtodo?A.Hanguphisclothes.B.Putawayhistoys.C.Sweepthefloor.3.Whyisthewomansad?A.Shelostherhomework.B.Themandeletedheressay.C.Sheforgottosendsomeemails.4.Howmuchdidthewomansave?A.$9.B.$44.C.$53.5.Whatdidthewomanstudyincollege?A.Business.B.Art.C.Spanish.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatcolorofflowerarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Red.B.Pink.C.Purple.7.Whenshouldthemanputtheflowerinthegarden?A.InAugust.B.InSeptember.C.InOctober.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shefeltsad.B.Shehadnofriend.C.Shequarreledwiththeman.9.Whatisthemantryingtodo?A.Helptomakeup.B.Apologizetoeachother.C.Makefriendswiththewoman.10.Howdoesthewomanfeelat1ast?A.ShestillhatesLucy.B.SheagreestoapologizetoLucyrightaway.C.Sheissatisfiedwiththeman’ssuggestion.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhatshouldthewomanhandinnextMonday?A.Asummary.B.Ashortpassage.C.Afilmreview.12.Howmanywordsdothewomanneedtowritefortheassignment?A.About100．B.About120．C.About150．13.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Rememberthenewwords.B.Recitethetexttotheclass.C.Copytheidiomsthreetimes.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoprepareforhermother?A.Acleanhouse.B.Somenicefood.C.Acomfortablechair.15.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Feedthemousewithpeanuts.B.Prepareatrapwithglueonit.C.Gotoafieldtofindamouse.16.Whatkindofmousedoesthewomanthinkisinherhouse?A.Afatmouse.B.Asmallmouse.C.Afriendlymouse.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.HowtallistheBurjKhalifa?A828meterstall.B.304meterstall.C．162meterstall.18.WhenwastheBurjKhalifaofficiallyopened?A.In2004.B.In2009.C.In2010.19.WhodesignedtheBurjKhalifa?A.BillBaker.B.AdrianSmith.C.Armani.20.Whatwillthespeakerdonext?A.Takeabreak.B.Gotoanotherscenicspot.C.VisittheinsideoftheBurjKhalifa.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。APoliceForcepresentsCommunityRoadshow2019Wanttofindoutmoreaboutpolicework?ComeandvisitusatthevariouslocationsacrossSingapore.EnjoytheperformancesbythefriendlydogsfromthePoliceK9UnitandthePoliceBand.Comewithyourfamilyandtakepartinthefunactivities.DetailsofRoadshowDate:16-17June2019Time:10am-7pmVenues:PunggolArcadeSerangoonCentreTampinesHubShuttlebusserviceswillbeavailabletoandfromthenearestMRTstations.Eachcanbepromisedafunpackwhichconsistsof:·miniaturepolicecar·keychain·notepad·penPerformances·K9Showat11amand3pm·PoliceBandat6pmActivities·RockClimbing·BouncyCastle(forchildrenbelowtheageof12years)·ArtCompetitionTotakepartintheArtCompetition,participantsmustregisteronlineatby12June2019.Thiseventissponsoredby:·ArtforUs·DallyMinlMart·RockClimbCompanyLuckyDrawTimings:1pmand5pm(daily)1stprize:$300voucher(购物券)2ndprize:$150voucher3rdprize:$100voucher10consolationprizesof$20eachWinnerswhoarenotpresentduringthedrawwillbenotifiedviaemailby19June2019.OrganizedbytheSingaporePoliceForce1.WhatshalleachparticipantgetinCommunityRoadshow2019?A.Afunpack. B.Someprize.C.SomeVoucher. D.BouncyCastle.2.HowshouldapersonsignupforArtCompetition?A.Onsite. B.Byemail.C.Byphone. D.ThroughtheInternet.3.Whichofthefollowingorganizedtheactivity?A.SerangoonCentre. B.RockClimbCompany.C.SingaporePoliceForce. D.PoliceortCompany.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一则广告，这则广告的目的是推销警察社区的循环演出。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据表格Eachcanbepromisedafunpackwhichconsistsof:·miniaturepolicecar，·keychain，·notepad，·pen可知，每个参赛者可以获得一个有趣的包裹，里面包含警车模型，钥匙串，笔记本以及笔，故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TotakepartintheArtCompetition,participantsmustregisteronlineatby12June2019.可知，要参加ArtCompetition活动，必须网上报名，故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后OrganizedbytheSingaporePoliceForce可知，这些活动的主办方是新加坡警方，故选C。BAttheageof14,JamesHarrisonhadamajorchestoperationandherequired13units(3.4gallons)ofbloodafterwards.Theblooddonations（捐赠）savedhislife,andhedecidedthatonceheturned18,hewouldbegindonatingbloodasregularlyashecould.Morethan60yearsandalmost1,200donationslater,Harrison,whosebloodcontainsanantibody(抗体)thathassavedthelivesof2.4millionbabiesfrommiscarriages(流产),retiredasablooddonoronMay11.Harrison’sbloodisvaluablebecausehenaturallyproducesRh-negativeblood,whichcontainsRh-positiveantibodies.Hisbloodhasbeenusedtocreateanti-DinAustraliasince1967.“EverybottleofAnti-DevermadeinAustraliahasJamesinit,”RobynBarlow,theRhprogramdirectortoldtheSydneyMorningHerald.“It’sanamazingthing.Hehassavedmillionsofbabies.Icryjustthinkingaboutit.”Sincethen,Harrisonhasdonatedbetween500and800millilitersofbloodalmosteveryweek.He’smade1,162donationsfromhisrightarmand10fromhisleft.“I’dkeepgoingiftheyletme,”HarrisontoldtheHerald.Hisdoctorssaiditwastimetostopthedonations—andtheycertainlydon’ttakethemlightly.Theyhadalreadyenlargedtheagelimitforblooddonationsforhim,andthey’recuttinghimoffnowtoprotecthishealth.Hemadehisfinaldonation,withsomeofthemothersandbabiesstandingaroundwhohisbloodhelpedsave.Harrison’sretirementisablowtotheRhtreatmentprograminAustralia.Only160donorssupporttheprogram,andfindingnewdonorshasproventobedifficult.ButHarrison’sretirementfromgivingblooddoesn’tmeanhe’scompletelyoutofthegame.Scientistsarecollectingandcataloging（列入目录）hisDNAtocreatealibraryofantibodiesandwhitebloodcellsthatcouldbethefutureoftheanti-DprograminAustralia.4.WhatdoweknowaboutJamesHarrison?A.Hesaved2.4millionpoorpeople.B.Heistoretireasablooddonor.C.Heisaverygratefulblooddonor.D.Hedonatesbloodnearlyeveryday.5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingParagraph4?A.TostateHarrison’sdecisiontocontinuedonatingblood.B.TodescribehowHarrison’sdonationscometoanend.C.TointroducesomebabiessavedbyHarrison’sblood.D.TopraiseHarrisonforhiscooperationwiththedoctors.6.WhatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutHarrison?A.Afterhisretirement,theRhprogramwillfail.B.Newdonorsareeasytofindinashorttime.C.HecontinuestocontributetotheRhprogram.D.HisDNAiskeptinalibraryforfuturestudy.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ASpecialManwithaRareBloodTypeB.TheBloodSavingMillionsofBabiesC.ASpecialBloodTypeDonortoRetireD.TheManwiththeGoldenArms【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述的是Harrison因别人的献血挽救了自己的生命，因此决定18岁以后自己也参与献血，接下来的60年里，他献血近1200次。哈里森自然产生RH阴性血，其中含有RH阳性抗体。拯救了数百万婴儿。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Attheageof14,JamesHarrisonhadamajorchestoperationandherequired13units(3.4gallons)ofbloodafterwards.Theblooddonations（捐赠）savedhislife,andhedecidedthatonceheturned18,hewouldbegindonatingbloodasregularlyashecould.”（JamesHarrison在14岁时做了一次胸部大手术，手术需要血液，献血挽救了他的生命，他决定一旦年满18岁，就开始尽可能定期献血）由此可以推知JamesHarrison是个非常感恩的献血者。选项C与文意相符，故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Theyhadalreadyenlargedtheagelimitforblooddonationsforhim,andthey’recuttinghimoffnowtoprotecthishealth.Hemadehisfinaldonation,withsomeofthemothersandbabiesstandingaroundwhohisbloodhelpedsave.”（他们已经放宽了他献血的年龄限制，现在为了保护他的健康，他们决定停止他的献血。他做了最后一次捐献，帮助挽救了一些母亲和婴儿）可知，为了保护Harrison的健康，他们停止了他的献血，他最后一次捐赠的血液帮助挽救了一些母亲和婴儿，由此可以推知，作者写第四段的目的是去描写Harrison的捐赠生涯是如何结束的，选项B与文意相符，故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“ButHarrison’sretirementfromgivingblooddoesn’tmeanhe’scompletelyoutofthegame.”（但是Harrison的退役并不意味着他完全退出了这场“比赛”）可以推知，Harrison继续为RH项目做出贡献，选项C与文意相符，故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段的主要内容和第三段中的“Sincethen,Harrisonhasdonatedbetween500and800millilitersofbloodalmosteveryweek.He’smade1,162donationsfromhisrightarmand10fromhisleft.”（从那以后Harrison几乎每周都要捐献500到800毫升的血液。他的右臂捐献了1162次，左臂捐献了10次。）可知，本文主要讲述的是Harrison因别人献血挽救了自己的生命，18岁以后的60年里，他献血近1200次，他的右臂捐献了1162次，左臂捐献了10次，挽救了数百万婴儿，故“那个拥有金色手臂的人”能作为本文的标题，选项D与文意相符，故选D。CAnexperimentalcleanupdevicecalledRemoveDEBRIShassuccessfullycastanetaroundadummy(仿真的)satellite,imitatingatechniquethatcouldonedaycollectspacebornegarbage.Thetest,whichwascarriedoutthisweek,iswidelybelievedtobethefirstsuccessfuldemonstrationofspacecleanuptechnology,expertstoldCNN.Anditsymbolizesanearlysteptowardsolvingwhathasalreadybeenacriticalissue:junkinspace.Millionsofpiecesofjunkareturningaroundinorbit,theresultof50yearsofspacetravelandfewregulationstokeepspaceclean.Atorbitalspeeds,evenasmallbitofpaintcrashingwithasatellitecancausecriticaldamage.Variouscompanieshaveplanstosendthousandsofnewsatellitesintolow-Earthorbit,alreadythemostcrowdedarea.TheRemoveDEBRISexperimentisrunbyacompanyandresearchersledbytheU.K.’sSurreySpaceCenterandincludesAirbus,Airbus-ownedSurreySatelliteTechnologyLtd.andFrance’sArianeGroup.GuglielmoAglietti,thedirectorofSurreySpaceCenter,saidthatanoperationalversionoftheRemoveDEBRlStechnologywouldcastanetthatremainsfastenedtothemainsatellitesothedebriscanbedraggedoutoforbit.Itcouldtargetlargepiecesofjunk,includingdeadsatellitesupto10meterslong.TheRemoveDEBRISsatellitewillconductafewmoreexperimentsinthecomingmonths,includingtestingnavigationfeaturesthatcouldhelpguidethesatellitetoaspecificpieceofdebris.Therearestillenormousbarrierstoclearbeforeoperationalcleanuptasksareunderway,hesaid,andthemostdiscouragingisfiguringouthowtofundsuchprojects.Aglietti,theSurreyprofessorwhohelpedleadtheRemoveDEBRISproject,said“Thechallengewilllieinpersuadingtherelevantauthoritiestosponsorthesetasks.”AgliettisaidhehopesRemoveDEBRISwillconductafewcleanuptasksperyear,targetingthelargestpiecesofjunkinthemostcrowdedorbits.8.WhatistheuseoftheRemoveDEBRISsatellite?A.Disposingofspacewastes.B.Demonstratingspacetechnology.C.Imitatingadevelopingtechnique.D.Solvingseriousjunkproblemsinspace.9.HowdoestheRemoveDEBRlSsatellitework?A.Bythrowinganettotakethejunkfromorbit.B.Byfasteningittothemainsatellitetightly.C.Bydraggingsatellitesupto10meterslong.D.Bytargetinglargepiecesofjunkcarefully.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sponsor”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Accomplish.B.Support.C.Oppose.D.Provide.11.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.ACriticalIssue:JunkinSpaceB.HowRemoveDEBRISIsDevelopedC.WhytheRemoveDEBRISSatelliteIsInventedD.SatelliteCollectsSpaceJunkfortheFirstTime【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一个名为RemoveDEBRIS的实验清理设备成功地在一颗虚拟卫星周围撒网，模仿一种有朝一日可能收集太空垃圾的技术。被广泛认为是太空清洁技术的首次成功演示。它象征着解决太空垃圾这一关键问题的第一步。同时介绍了RemoveDEBRIS卫星的工作原理，以及面临的问题。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段AnexperimentalcleanupdevicecalledRemoveDEBRIShassuccessfullycastanetaroundadummysatellite,imitatingatechniquethatcouldonedaycollectspacebornegarbage.（一种名为RemoveDEBRIS的实验清理设备成功地在一颗虚拟卫星周围撒网，模仿一种有朝一日可能收集太空垃圾的技术。）可知RemoveDEBRIS卫星的用途是处理太空垃圾。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。第六段第一句GuglielmoAglietti,thedirectorofSurreySpaceCenter,saidthatanoperationalversionoftheRemoveDEBRlStechnologywouldcastanetthatremainsfastenedtothemainsatellitesothedebriscanbedraggedoutoforbit.可知RemoveDEBRIS卫星是通过在主卫星上留下一个安全网，这样碎片就可以被拖出轨道来运作的。故选A。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文Therearestillenormousbarrierstoclearbeforeoperationalcleanuptasksareunderway,hesaid,andthemostdiscouragingisfiguringouthowtofundsuchprojects.（他说，在开展作业清理任务之前，仍有巨大的障碍需要清除，最令人沮丧的是弄清楚如何为这些项目提供资金。）可知困难是说服相关部门资助这些任务，为这些项目提供资金支持。故可推测划线部分单词意思为“支持；帮助”。A.Accomplish.完成；实现；B.Support.支持；C.Oppose.反对；D.Provide.提供。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段Thetest,whichwascarriedoutthisweek,iswidelybelievedtobethefirstsuccessfuldemonstrationofspacecleanuptechnology,expertstoldCNN.Anditsymbolizesanearlysteptowardsolvingwhathasalreadybeenacriticalissue:junkinspace.（专家告诉CNN，本周进行的这次测试被广泛认为是太空清洁技术的首次成功演示。它象征着解决太空垃圾这一关键问题的第一步。）结合文章主要内容为讲述RemoveDEBRIS卫星如何清除太空垃圾，象征着卫星首次收集太空垃圾。故D选项最符合题意。DAlargebodyofresearchhasbeendevelopedinrecentyearstoexplainmanyaspectsofwillpower.Mostoftheresearchersexploringself-controldosowithanobviousgoalinmind:Howcanwillpowerbestrengthened?Ifwillpoweristrulyalimitedresource,astheresearchsuggests,whatcanbedonetomakeitstaystrong?Avoidingtemptation(诱惑)isaneffectivemethodformaintainingself-control,whichiscalledthe“outofsight,outofmind”principle.Onerecentstudy,forinstance,foundofficeworkerslessattractedtocandyinthedeskdrawerthanthatontopoftheirdesks,inplainsight.Theresearchsuggestingthatwepossessalimitedreservoirofself-controlraisesatroublingquestion.Whenwefacetoomanytemptations,arewetofail?Notnecessarily.Researchersdon’tbelievethatone’swillpowerisevercompletelyexhausted.Rather,peopleappeartoholdsomewillpowerinreserve,savedforfuturedemands.Therightmotivationallowsustotapintothosereserves,allowingustocarryonevenwhenourself-controlstrengthhasbeenrundown.Highmotivationmighthelpovercomeweakenedwillpower-atleasttoapoint.Willpowermayalsobemadelessvulnerable（脆弱）tobeingexhaustedinthefirstplace.Researcherswhostudyself-controloftendescribeitasbeinglikeamusclethatgetstiredwithheavyuse.Butthereisanotheraspecttothemusclecomparison,theysay.Whilemusclesbecomeexhaustedbyexerciseintheshortterm,theyarestrengthenedbyregularexerciseinthelongterm.Similarly,regularpracticesofself-controlmayimprovewillpowerstrength.Theevidencefromwillpower-exhaustionstudiesalsosuggeststhatmakingalistofresolutionsonNewYear’sEveistheworstpossibleapproach.Beingexhaustedinoneareacanreducewillpowerinotherareas,soitmakesmoresensetofocusonasinglegoalatatime.Inotherwords,don’ttrytoquitsmoking,adoptahealthydietandstartanewexerciseplanatthesametime.Takinggoalsonebyoneisabetterapproach.Onceagoodhabitisinplace,Baumeistersays,you’llnolongerneedtodrawonyourwillpowertomaintainthebehavior.Eventuallyhealthyhabitswillbecomeroutine,andwon’trequiremakingdecisionsatall.12.Fromthestudiesinthepassagewelearnthat.A.peoplehaveunlimitedself-controlB.highmotivationensuresone’ssuccessC.willpowerishardlycompletelyexhaustedD.toomanytemptationsoftenleadtofailure13.Theunderlinedphrase“tapinto”inParagraph3mostprobablymeans.A.makeuseof B.runoutofC.build D.increase14.Theauthorcomparesself–controltomuscles.A.toprovethelong-termeffectofwillpowerB.toshowthesignificanceofregularexerciseC.toarguethatself-controlcanheeasilyusedupD.toexplainthebenefitsofpracticingself-control15.Todevelopagoodhabit,whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorprefer?A.“Iwillgiveupdessertanddoexercise.”B.“Iwillsetthreegoalsthisnewsemester.”C.“IwillreadanEnglishnoveleverymonth.”D.“Iwillkeepmyselffromanytemptation.”【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。短文列举了关于意志力的几种研究和观点，作者认为有了明确的目标，良好的自我监督和练习，就可以在面对诱惑时使意志力保持坚强。【12题详解】细节推理题。根据第三段Researchersdon’tbelievethatone’swillpowerisevercompletelyexhausted.Rather,peopleappeartoholdsomewillpowerinreserve,savedforfuturedemands.可知，研究人员不相信人的意志力会完全耗尽，他们还有备用的和为将来需求节省的意志力。所以从文章中的研究我们了解到意志力几乎没有完全丧失。故C选项正确。【13题详解】猜测词义题。由第三段“Therightmotivationallowsustotapintothosereserves,allowingustocarryonevenwhenourself-controlstrengthhasbeenrundown.”可知，正确的动机使我们能够利用这些储备，即使我们的自我控制能力已经被消耗殆尽，我们仍然可以继续前进。所以通过上下文的语境，判断出“tapinto”指利用，与makeuseof同义。故A选项正确。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段Whilemusclesbecomeexhaustedbyexerciseintheshortterm,theyarestrengthenedbyregularexerciseinthelongterm.Similarly,regularpracticesofself-controlmayimprovewillpowerstrength.可知，虽然肌肉在短期内会因运动而疲惫不堪，但长期而言，它们会通过经常锻炼而增强。同样规律的自我控制可以提高意志力。两者相比是为了说明同一个道理：长期的锻炼和自我控制的好处。所以作者把自我控制比作肌肉是为了解释自我控制的好处。故D选项正确。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Takinggoalsonebyoneisabetterapproach.Onceagoodhabitisinplace,you’llnolongerneedtodrawonyourwillpowertomaintainthebehavior.Eventuallyhealthyhabitswillbecomeroutine,andwon’trequiremakingdecisionsatall.可知，作者认为一个接一个的制定目标是一个更好的方法。一旦养成好习惯，你就不再需要依靠意志力来维持自己的行为。最终健康的习惯将成为惯例，而且不需要做任何决定。所以C项“IwillreadanEnglishnoveleverymonth.”是先设立目标，然后成为好习惯，作者更喜欢这种目标。故C选项正确。【点睛】根据事物的定义或者对事物总体的概括，从而判断出哪些具体事物或者具体的实践应该属于定义的范围或者是概括的范围是我们经常见到的推理判断题的题型。要解决这样的判断题，首先要讲对事物的定义或者对事物的总体概括要读清楚，然后根据对比4个选项，哪个选项在定义或者概括范围内的。哪个就是正确的答案。由倒数第二段Takinggoalsonebyoneisabetterapproach.Onceagoodhabitisinplace,you’llnolongerneedtodrawonyourwillpowertomaintainthebehavior.Eventuallyhealthyhabitswillbecomeroutine,andwon’trequiremakingdecisionsatall.可知，作者认为一个接一个的制定目标是一个更好的方法。一旦养成好习惯，你就不再需要依靠意志力来维持自己的行为。最终健康的习惯将成为惯例，而且不需要做任何决定。C项“IwillreadanEnglishnoveleverymonth.”是先设立目标，然后成为好习惯，作者更喜欢这种目标。故小题4的正确选项为C选项。第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Switchingfromchildhoodtoadulthoodcanbechallenging.____16____Workonnotactinglikeachildbymanagingyouremotions.Withalittlebitofpractice,youwillbegintoseeyourselfactingmorelikeanadultthanachild.●Acceptresponsibilityforyouractions.Youshouldtakeresponsibilityforyouractions,whethertheyareintentional(故意的)orunintentional.____17____Failingtoacceptresponsibilitymayseemlikeagoodideaatthetime,butinthelongtermitwillnotbenefityou.Forexample,ifyouaccidentallybackintoyourneighbor’scar,letthemknowbywritingthemanoteorknockingontheirdoor.Then,correctyourmistakebypayingforthedamage.●Showpeoplerespect.Respectyourpartner,familymembers,friends,andstrangers.____18____Asyougrowupandmature,youshouldunderstandtheconceptofrespectandwhyitisimportant.Givingrespectwillalsogiveyoumorerespectinreturn.●Developawaytohandleconflictmaturely.Whenyouarefacedwithaconflict,itisimportanttokeepyouremotionsincheck.Controlyourangerandavoidbecomingaggressive.____19____Giveyourselftimetocooldownifyouarereallyangry.Thiswillpreventyoufromsayinganddoingthingsthatyoushouldn’tdointheheatofthemoment.●Receivefeedback(反馈)positively.Peoplelearnandgrowbyreceivingfeedbackandcriticismfromothers.Youshouldacceptthatyoudon’tknoweverythingandthatfeedbackfromanexpertisnotmeanttohurtyou.Itismeanttohelpyou.Forexample,thoroughlyreadthroughyoureditsonyourresearchpaper.____20____A.Takeonadultresponsibilities.B.Oftentimes,youmaystillfeellikeachild.C.Childrenareoftenselfishanddisrespectful.D.Itisasignofmaturityandrespectforothers.E.Theseeditswillhelpimproveyourwritinginthefuture.F.Thiscanhelpyougethighermarksinmanyofyoursubjects.G.Takeadeepbreath,listen,andworkthroughtheconflictwiththeotherindividual.【答案】16.B17.D18.C19.G20.E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇选句填空。文章讲述的是从童年到成年如何转变的建议。【16题详解】根据上文Switchingfromchildhoodtoadulthoodcanbechallenging.(从童年到成年的转变是很有挑战性的。)，再根据下文Workonnotactinglikeachildbymanagingyouremotions.(学会控制自己的情绪，不要表现得像个孩子。)，B项：Oftentimes,youmaystillfeellikeachild.(通常，你可能仍然觉得自己像个孩子。)承上启下。故选B。【17题详解】根据上文Youshouldtakeresponsibilityforyouractions,whethertheyareintentional(故意的)orunintentional.(无论你的行为是有意的还是无意的，你都应该对自己的行为负责。)，D项：Itisasignofmaturityandrespectforothers(这是成熟和尊重他人的标志)是对上文内容的进一步说明。故选D。【18题详解】根据上文Respectyourpartner,familymembers,friends,andstrangers.(尊重你的伴侣、家人、朋友和陌生人。)，再根据下文Asyougrowupandmature,youshouldunderstandtheconceptofrespectandwhyitisimportant.(随着你的成长和成熟，你应该理解尊重的概念和它为什么重要)，故C项：Childrenareoftenselfishanddisrespectful.(孩子们常常自私无礼，不尊重别人。)承上启下。故选C。【19题详解】根据上文Whenyouarefacedwithaconflict,itisimportanttokeepyouremotionsincheck.Controlyourangerandavoidbecomingaggressive.(当你面临冲突时，控制自己的情绪是很重要的。控制你的愤怒，避免变得咄咄逼人。)，再根据后文的cooldown可知，是让自己平静的方法，故G项：Takeadeepbreath,listen,andworkthroughtheconflictwiththeotherindividual(深呼吸、倾听、解决与他人的冲突)承上启下，故选G。【20题详解】根据上文Forexample,thoroughlyreadthroughyoureditsonyourresearchpaper.(例如，通读你对研究论文的修改。)，故E项：Theseeditswillhelpimproveyourwritinginthefuture.(这些编辑将有助于你今后的写作。)是对上文的进一步说明。故选E。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Wildlifehasbeengreatlythreatenedinthemodernage.Therearespecies(物种)thatare___21___everyday.Thewhite-napedcraneisatypicalexample.Soscientistsaretryingtheirbestto___22___thespeciesfromgoingoutofexistence.ChrisandTimworkatazoo,helpingendangeredcraneswiththeir___23___.Emma,afemalecrane,hasbeenintheir___24___sinceshearrivedin2004.Bornataninternationalcranefoundation,Emmawas___25___byhumancaretakers.Thisledtoanunexpected___26___,thoughshehadawonderfultimethere.Emmahad___27___takenherselfasacraneandbecomedeeplyattachedtohumans.She___28___tolivewithmalecranes,andevenhada___29___forkillingsomeofthem,whichmadeit____30____forhertobecomeamother.____31____,thetwozookeepersdidn’twanttoseetheextinction(灭绝)ofthispreciousspecies.Withtheirpatienceandefforts,theysuccessfullydevelopeda____32____ofartificialbreeding(人工繁殖)andnaturalreproduction.This____33____Emmatogivebirthtofivebabycranes.Thetwokeepersareproudoftheirproductivework.Butbeforetheycanbe____34____,moreeffortsmustbemade,becausethepopulationofthecraneinthewildisonthe____35____,andmanyotherspeciesappearheadedtowardextinction.____36____,noteveryonehasrealizedthatwildlifehasthoughts,feelings,andmostimportantly,equalrightstosurvive.Howcanwe____37____theever-wideninggapthatseparatesusfromotheranimals?ChrisandTimofferedusthe____38____:humanbeingstookitforgrantedthattheir____39____heldallthesolutions,butmaybetheirheartscanbeabetter____40____.21.A.growing B.migrating C.competing D.disappearing22.A.ban B.save C.split D.remove23.A.abortion B.recreation C.reproduction D.administration24.A.care B.eye C.mind D.story25.A.found B.chosen C.raised D.seized26.A.bonus B.consequence C.victory D.sacrifice27.A.never B.always C.unluckily D.cheerfully28.A.liked B.refused C.decided D.hesitated29.A.gift B.skill C.concern D.reputation30.A.illegal B.inspiring C.important D.impossible31.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.However D.Instead32.A.combination B.collection C.strategy D.system33.A.forced B.forbade C.taught D.enabled34.A.defeated B.grateful C.assured D.tolerant35.A.list B.rise C.agenda D.decline36.A.Incontrast B.Afterall C.Bytheway D.Onthecontrary37.A.leave B.bridge C.open D.identify38.A.course B.excuse C.answer D.reward39.A.brains B.behaviors C.services D.projects40.A.guide B.treat C.example D.companion【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.A25.C26.B27.A28.B29.D30.D31.C32.A33.D34.C35.D36.B37.B38.C39.A40.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。在现代，野生动物正在遭受巨大威胁，每天都有一些物种灭绝。白鹤就是其中之一。但是，有很多人正在竭尽全力保护这些物种免于灭绝。如Chris和Tim通过努力，帮助一只名叫Emma的雌鹤繁殖了五只幼鹤。【21题详解】考查动词辨析。A.growing生长；B.migrating迁移；C.competing竞争；D.disappearing消失。根据第一句“Wildlifehasbeengreatlythreatenedinthemodernage”和最后一句提到的“…thespeciesfromgoingoutofexistence”可以推知，野生动物正在遭受巨大威胁，每天都有一些物种灭绝，即：“消失”。D选项正确。【22题详解】考查动词辨析。A.ban禁止；B.save挽救，保护；C.split分裂；D.remove移除。前文提到每天都有物种消失，那么该句应指科学家们正在竭尽全力保护这些物种，使它们免于灭绝。故B选项正确。【23题详解】考查名词辨析。A.abortion堕胎；B.recreation娱乐；C.reproduction繁殖；D.administration管理。上文最后一句提到科学家们竭尽全力保护濒临灭绝的物种，由此推知，该处应指Chris和Tim帮助濒危物种繁殖，增加它们的数量，这样它们才不至于灭绝。故该空应指“繁殖”，C选项正确。【24题详解】考查名词辨析。A.care照顾；B.eye眼睛；C.mind思想；D.story故事。自从2004年，Emma一直由Chris和Tim照顾。该空和下一句中的“humancaretaker”呼应。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词辨析。A.found发现；B.chosen选择；C.raised抚养；D.seized抓住。根据空后的“humancaretakers”可知，caretaker当然是照看Emma的。故该句应指：出生在一个国际鹤基地，Emma由人类抚养照看。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词辨析。A.bonus奖金；B.consequence结果；C.victory胜利；D.sacrifice牺牲。根据空后的though（尽管）可知，though前后的两个句子之间是转折关系。后面提到，她过得很开心。根据转折关系，那么前文应该表示“但是这导致了出乎意料的结果”。B选项正确。【27题详解】考查副词辨析。A.never从未；B.always总是；C.unluckily不幸运地；D.cheerfully愉快地。根据下文中的“becomedeeplyattachedtohumans...even...killingsomeofthem”等内容可知，因为Emma一直由人类照看，所以它没有将自己看作是一只鹤，而是深深的依恋上了人类。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词辨析。A.liked喜欢；B.refused拒绝；C.decided拒绝；D.hesitated犹豫。根据上文，Emma不把自己当作鹤，所以它“拒绝”和雄鹤生活在一起。B选项正确。【29题详解】考查名词辨析。A.gift礼物；B.skill技巧；C.concern涉及；D.reputation名声。根据even（甚至）这个递进关系可知，Emma不仅拒绝和雄鹤生活在一起，而且因为弄死了几只雄鹤而“臭名昭著”。故D选项正确。【30题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.illegal非法的；B.inspiring鼓舞人心的；C.important重要的；D.impossible不可能的。Emma拒绝和雄鹤生活，这当然使得她“不可能”生育小鹤，成为妈妈。D选项正确。【31题详解】考查连接副词。A.Therefore因此；B.Moreover而且；C.However然而；D.Instead反而。上文提到Emma拒绝和雄鹤生活，使得她不可能生育小鹤。下文提到两位动物园管理员不想看到这一物种的灭绝。由此推知，上下文之间是转折关系。C选项正确。【32题详解】考查名词辨析。A.combination结合；B.collection收集；C.strategy策略；D.system体系。经过努力，Chris和Tim成功的将“人工繁殖”和“自然繁殖”结合在一起。A选项正确。【33题详解】考查动词辨析。A.forced强迫；B.forbade禁止；C.taught教；D.enabled使能够。Chris和Tim成功的将“人工繁殖”和“自然繁殖”结合在一起，这使得Emma诞育了五只幼鹤。enablesb.todosth.意为“使……能够做某事”，D选项正确。【34题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.defeated被打败的；B.grateful感激的；C.assured使确信；D.tolerant忍耐的。根据后文的moreeffortsmustbemade可以推知，尽管两个人为自己的成就感到骄傲，但是他们还需要付出更多努力，因为野生鹤的数量在减少。所以他们还不能完全放心（白鹤不会灭绝）。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词辨析。A.list清单；B.rise上升；