2024-2025学年新教材高中英语WELCOMEUNITSectionⅢDiscoveringUsefulStructures教案新人教版必修第一册

PAGE1-SectionⅢDiscoveringUsefulStructureslookforwardto盼望；期盼(教材P6)Tomislookingforwardtomeetingthenewexchangestudent．汤姆盼望着见到新来的交换生。lookinto 往……里看；调查lookon．．．as．．． 把……看作……lookout 当心；当心lookdownon/upon 轻视，看不起①Idobelievethatmysuggestionswillbeofgreathelptoyou．I’mlookingforwardtohearingfromyouassoonaspossible．我坚信我的建议对你会有很大的帮助。盼望着早日收到你的来信。②Ihavebeenlookingforwardtohaving(have)achancetopayavisittoHuangshan．我始终盼望能有机会去黄山观光。③Theyarelookingintothecauseoftheaccident．他们正在调查事故的缘由。④Weshouldn’tlookdownuponthedisabled;weshouldhelpthem．我们不应当轻视残疾人；我们应当帮助他们。句子成分及八种基本句型写出下列各句的基本句式结构1．(教材P2)MynameisAmy．主语＋系动词＋表语2．(教材P3)Aboymeetsagirlduringabreak．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语3．(教材P6)Wemustact．主语＋谓语4．(教材P6)Theteacherfoundtheclassroomempty．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补5．(教材P6)Mymumboughtmeanewdictionary．主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋干脆宾语句子成分句子表达一个完整的意思，是由单词按肯定的语法规则组合而成的。句子一般可以分成几个部分，每个部分在句中具有肯定的功能，称为句子成分。不同的句子成分由肯定的词类或词组充当。1．主语(subject)主语是一句话的主体，表明句子说的是谁或是什么。它一般放在谓语之前，通常由名词(名词短语)、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词以及名词性从句等担当。◆TVnewsoftengivesuslotsofinformation．电视新闻经常给我们很多信息。(名词)◆Somethingiswrongwithmycomputer．我的电脑坏了。(代词)◆Seven­tenthsoftheearthsurfaceiscoveredwithwater．特别之七的地球表面被水覆盖。(数词)◆Toseeistobelieve．眼见为实。(动词不定式)◆Cyclingandboatingaremyfavoritefreetimeinterests．骑车和划船是我业余最大的爱好爱好。(动名词)◆Thatshewasadmittedintoakeyuniversitygreatlycomfortedherparents．她被重点高校录用这件事给了她父母极大的劝慰。(主语从句)2．谓语(predicate)谓语是对主语的有关问题加以说明的部分。谓语说明主语做什么，是什么或者怎么样。谓语位于主语之后，由动词担当。凡是由一个动词或动词词组构成的谓语，无论处在什么时态、语态、语气下，都被称之为谓语。谓语分为简洁谓语和复合谓语。◆Hepractisesrunningeverymorning．(简洁谓语)他每天早晨熬炼跑步。◆GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinShanghai．(复合谓语)上海发生了巨大的变更。由系动词加表语也构成复合谓语。如：Wearestudents．3．表语(predicative)表语是说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的句子成分。它由名词、代词、数词、形容词、动词不定式及短语、副词、介词短语等充当。◆MyfavoriteattractionistheGreatWall．我最喜爱的旅游景点是长城。(名词)◆—Whoisthere？——谁在那儿？—It’sme．——是我。(代词)◆Englishisbothusefulandimportant．英语有用且很重要。(形容词)◆TheForbiddenCityisatthecentreofBeijing．紫禁城位于北京市中心。(介词短语)◆Thegreatesthappinessistoworkforthehappinessofall．最大的欢乐就是为大家的欢乐而工作。(动词不定式短语)◆Myhobbyiscollectingstamps．我的爱好是集邮。(动名词短语)◆Mybeliefisthatourcountrywillbecomestrongerandstronger．我信任，我们的国家将变得越来越强大。(表语从句)4．宾语(object)宾语是及物动词所表示的动作的对象，或是介词所表示的某种联系的对象。宾语放在及物动词的后面。宾语一般由名词、代词、数词、非谓语动词及短语或名词性从句等充当。◆Thechildrenareflyingkites．孩子们正在放风筝。(名词)◆Callmeanytime．请随时打电话给我。(代词)◆Idecidetopickupanewforeignlanguage．我确定学一门新的外语。(动词不定式短语)◆Doyoumindpassingmethedictionary?请把字典递给我，好吗？(动名词短语)◆Yoursuccesswilllargelydependuponwhatyoudoandhowyoudoit．你是否胜利将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。(宾语从句)5．宾补(objectcomplement)有些及物动词带了宾语后意义仍不够完整，还须要加上宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的行为、状态、身份或特征等。宾语补足语通常放在宾语之后，一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词及短语等充当。◆Hehasprovedhimselfanexperiencedteacher．他证明自己是一名阅历丰富的老师。(名词)◆Wehavedecidedtopainttheroompink．我们确定把房间漆成粉红色。(形容词)◆Mymotheralwayskeepseverythingingoodorder．我妈妈总是把一切支配得井然有序。(介词短语)◆Theteacheraskedusnottomakesomuchnoise．老师叫我们不要制造那么多的噪音。(动词不定式短语)◆Iheardthetelephoneringing．我听见电话铃正在响。(现在分词)◆Hewasveryhappytoseethehomelesschildrentakengoodcareofattheorphanage．他很兴奋望见流浪儿童在孤儿院得到很好的照看。(过去分词)6．定语(attributive)定语是用来修饰、限制名词或代词的。一般由形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语和从句等充当。◆Theseareappletrees．这些是苹果树。(名词)◆Themenherearealwaysbusyworkingonthefarm．这里的男人总是忙于在田间干活。(副词)◆Thereisnothingtodotoday．今日没有事要做。(不定式)◆Thesmilingboyneedsapenboughtbyhismother．那个微笑的男孩须要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。(现在分词、过去分词短语)7．状语(adverbial)状语用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。一般由副词、名词、数词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、独立主格和从句等充当。◆I’mverypleasedtoseeyou．见到你我特别兴奋。(副词)◆I’llbebackinawhile．我一会儿就回来。(介词短语)◆Whenshewas12yearsold,shebegantoliveinDalian．她12岁的那一年起先居住于大连。(状语从句)◆Havinghadaquarrelwithhiswife,helefthomeinabadtemper．由于和妻子吵了一架，他生气地离开了家。(分词作状语)8．同位语(appositive)若两个语法单位指同一个人或事物，并且句法功能也一样，那么，后一项称为前一项的同位语。◆Westudentsshouldstudyhard．我们学生应当努力学习。◆ProfessorWang,afamousscientist,willgiveusatalktomorrow．王教授，一位闻名的科学家，明天将给我们做报告。[即时演练1]——写出画线部分所作的成分①Themanagermadethemwork_day_and_night． 宾语补足语②Alotofgreenlandshave_been_openedtothepublic． 谓语③Thebestmethodofkeepingslimisto_do_exercise_regularly． 表语④Theylivedintheroomabove． 定语⑤Hegavemeabasketfull_of_eggs． 定语八种基本句型英语中简洁句只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语动词(或并列谓语动词)。简洁句是由主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语等组成的，依其组合方式可分为八种基本句型。1．主语＋谓语(S＋V)Thesunis_rising．主语谓语太阳正在升起。Thelittleboyis_crying．主语谓语小男孩正在哭泣。2．主语＋谓语＋宾语(S＋V＋O)Heis_watchingTV．主语谓语宾语他正在看电视。3．主语＋系动词＋表语(S＋L＋P)Everythinglooksdifferent．主语系动词表语一切看来都不同了。Computersareuseful[inpeople’slife]．主语系动词表语状语电脑在人们的生活中很有用。常见的由行为动词转化成的系动词(1)表感官的动词：feel,smell,taste,sound,look,appear等。(2)表转变、变更的动词：become,get,grow,turn,go等。(3)表持续的动词：remain,keep,hold,stay,rest等。(4)表瞬间的动词：come,fall等。Theproblemremainstobesettled．主语系动词表语问题依旧须要解决。4．主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋干脆宾语(S＋V＋IO＋DO)这种句型中间接宾语经常指“人”，干脆宾语经常指“物”。Heboughtmeabirthdaypresent．主语谓语(及物动词)间接宾语干脆宾语他给我买了一份生日礼物。Ishowedhimmypictures．主语谓语(及物动词)间接宾语干脆宾语我给他看我的照片。常见的能跟双宾语的及物动词(1)give,tell,teach,write,bring,lend,hand,show,offer,send,pay,pass,allow,return等后的间接宾语可转换为介词to的宾语。◆Pleasehandhimabook!＝Pleasehandabooktohim!请递给他一本书。(2)buy,do,get,fetch,save,make,sing,choose等后的间接宾语可转换为介词for的宾语来表示。◆Herfatherboughtherabike．＝Herfatherboughtabikeforher．她的父亲给她买了一辆自行车。(3)ask,answer,take,cost等无法变更结构形式。◆Thecarcostme2，000yuanfortherepair．这次修车花了我两千元。5．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(S＋V＋O＋OC)这种句型中的“宾语＋宾语补足语”可统称为“复合宾语”。Miketoldme〈nottogonow〉．主语谓语(及物动词)宾语宾语补足语迈克告知我不要现在走。Theypaintedthedoor〈green〉．主语谓语宾语宾语补足语他们把门漆成绿色。6．主语＋谓语＋状语(S＋V＋Ad)Theytalked[forhalfanhour]．主语谓语状语他们谈了半个小时。Thetimepassed[quickly]．主语谓语(不及物动词)状语时间飞逝。7．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(S＋V＋O＋Ad)Ihadmyfirstmathsclass[inseniorhigh]．主语谓语宾语状语在中学我上了第一堂数学课。Iwaited_forhim[attheschoolgate]．主语谓语宾语状语我在校门口等他。8．Therebe句型◆Thereisapianoinmystudy．在我的书房里有一架钢琴。◆Thereare56studentsinmyclass．我的班里有56名学生。[即时演练2]——写出下列句子属于哪类句型①Thiskindoffoodtastesterrible． S＋L＋P②Hestudieshard． S＋V＋Ad③Thereareseveralbooksonthedesks． There_be句型④Hemademeveryangry． S＋V＋O＋OCeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)写出下列句子中的画线部分充当什么成分1．Thequestionisthat_no_one_knows_the_location_of_the_new_hospital． 表语2．To_be_or_not_to_beisaquestion． 主语3．Hisconfidenceenabledhimto_finish_the_task_successfully． 宾语补足语4．Theclassteacherhadusclean_the_classroomyesterday． 宾语补足语5．Ishethemanwho_wants_to_see_you？ 定语6．Thisbookgivesmesomeideaonhow_to_make_friends． 宾语7．Ifeelitourdutyto_serve_the_people_heart_and_soul． 宾语8．What_you_explained_just_nowdidn’tsatisfyme． 主语9．Wemustgettogetheragainsome_day． 状语10．If_I_am_not_busy_tomorrow,_Iwillplayfootballwithyou． 状语eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)写出下列句子属于哪类句型1．Ifoundtheproblemeasy． S＋V＋O＋OC2．Ihavenevercookedathome． S＋V＋Ad3．Therearetenboysunderthebigtree． There_be句型4．Herfatherboughtheradictionaryasabirthdaypresent． S＋V＋IO＋DO5．Thebossmadehimdotheworkallday． S＋V＋O＋OC6．Thetreehasgrownmuchtallerthanbefore． S＋L＋Peq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)语法与写作用给出的句型翻译下列句子。1．事故是昨天下午发生的。(S＋V＋Ad)The_accident_happened_yesterday_afternoon．2．他们发觉那座房子无人居住(deserted)。(S＋V＋O＋OC)They_found_the_house_deserted．3．他拒绝帮助他们。(S＋V＋O)He_has_refused_to_help_them．4．他长得又高又壮。(S＋L＋P)He_is_growing_tall_and_strong．5．我告知他汽车晚点了。(S＋V＋IO＋DO)I_told_him_that_the_bus_was_late．6．我们将让他们华蜜。(S＋V＋O＋OC)We_will_make_them_happy．7．我信任他。(S＋V＋O)I_believe_him．8．我们班有24位女生和30位男生。(Therebe句型)There_are_24_girls_and_30_boys_in_our_class．eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)阅读理解AHaveyoueverthoughtofgettingawayfromthepresentlifeanddoingsomethingcompletelydifferent?Well,herearesomepeoplewhohavedonejustthat．BacktothelandInhisearlyforties,PeterVanDerGrootwasasuccessfulsalesman．Hehadalargebeautifulhome．ButPeterworkedlonghours,andhesawlittleofhishomeandfamily．Heenjoyedhisjob,buthewasnevertheretoseehischildrengrowingup．Thenlastyear,thefirm(公司)heworkedforcloseddown,and,unexpectedly,Peterhadthechancetodosomethingdifferent．SoPeterandhisfamilysoldtheirhouseinLondonandmovedtothecountryside．Theyboughtasmallerhousewithsomeland．Today,Peterismorerelaxed．Hespendstimewithhischildren,andhehasseenthemchangeintohealthy,happykids．He’sstartedworkingonhisland,growingfruitandvegetables．Nowheandhisfamilyhaveacommon,butcomfortablelife．LifeinthesunHusbandandwifeRobandMandaBrentusedtobeteachers,buttheyhavebothgivenuptheirjobs,andneitherofthemplanstoreturntotheschoolwheretheyworkedinBirmingham’scitycentre．NowtheyliveinItaly,wherethey’veboughtafarmhouseinTuscanHills．“We’regoingtoofferbedandbreakfast，”saidRob．“We’veneverhadourownbusinessbefore,soit’llbequiteachallenge(挑战)．Andwe’veborrowedalotofmoneyfromthebanktogetstarted．”“Inthisfirstthree­monthperiod,we’resettlinginandrepairingthefarmhouse，”saidManda．“Thenwe’llopenourdoorstoguests．”Bedandbreakfastwillnotbetheonlywayforthemtogetmoney,though．“Thefarmhasgotolive(橄榄)treesandtheequipment(设备)forproducingoliveoil．”【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Peter和Brent夫妇为何要变更以前的生活方式。1．WhatcausedPetertochangehislife?A．Helosthisjob．B．Heledahardlife．C．Hehadtocareforhiskids．D．Hewasn’tsatisfiedwithhisjob．A解析：推理推断题。由其次段中的thefirm(公司)heworkedforcloseddown．．．Peterhadthechancetodosomethingdifferent可知，由于公司倒闭，失业的Peter有了变更生活的契机。2．WhatchangehastakenplacesincePetermovedtothecountryside?A．Helivesabusierlife．B．Hehassetuphisownfirm．C．Hehasbuiltalargebeautifulhouse．D．Hespendsmoretimewithhisfamily．D解析：细微环节理解题。对比Peter前后的生活workedlonghours．．．wasnevertheretoseehischildrengrowingup和Today,Peterismorerelaxed．Hespendstimewithhischildren可知，搬到乡下生活的Peter有更多的时间陪伴家人。3．WhatexperiencehaveRobandMandahad?A．Sellingfarmproduce．B．RunningaschoolinItaly．C．Servingbreakfastformonths．D．TeachinginaBirminghamschool．D解析：细微环节理解题。由第四段中的HusbandandwifeRobandMandaBrentusedtobeteachers．．．workedinBirmingham’scitycentre．和neverhadourownbusinessbefore可知，Rob和Manda有当老师的阅历。4．WhatwillRobandManda’sfarmhousebemainlyusedas?A．Afarm． B．Ahotel．C．Aschool． D．Arestaurant．B解析：推理推断题。由第四段中的offerbedandbreakfast和最终一段中的we’llopenourdoorstoguests可知，Rob和Manda的农舍主要是用作旅馆。BOneyearagoIreceivedafullscholarship(奖学金)totheUniversityofSanFrancisco．Allofmyhardworkhadpaidoff．Myhighschoolcostalotofmoney,soItriedmybesttopushmyself．IwassohappyandhopefulaboutstartinganewlifethatIwascompletelypackedtwoweeksbeforeitwastimetoleave．Soonenough,thebigdaycame,butitwasn’tlikewhatIhadthought．Thefirsttwoweekswerethemostdifficultdaysofmyentirelife．EverynightIwouldcrymyselftosleep．Iwassohomesick(想家的)andIdidn’tknowhowtodealwithmybrokenheart．Totakemyattentionawayfromit,Ithrewmyselfintomystudiesanddidmanyjobs．Inmyfreetime,Istartedforcingmyselftothegym．IwantedtokeepmyselfbusysoIwouldn’tthinkabouthowlonelyIfelt．Isoonbegantoeatlessandless．Finally,Iwenttoseeadoctor．Whenthedoctorweighedme,Iwasshockedbythenumberofmyweight．HesuggestedthatIshouldcurbthatnumber．IknewIwasgettingworse,butIstillwasn’tthinkingclearly．WhenIvisitedthedoctoragain,hetoldmeIhadnochoicebuttotaketimeawayfromschooltemporarily(短暂地)．Istartedtofear．HowcouldIgetawayfromschool!Ithendecidedtobreakawayfrommyhomesicknessandtookexerciseactively．MyfirstyearofcollegehadpassedbyandIcouldseethesunshineagain．Iamlearningtolovemyselfandacceptmybody．Thisisnoteasy!ButIamlearning．【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者进入高校后，特别想家，后来又患上厌食症，消瘦得厉害。当医生告知她不得不休学时，她才自我反省，克服了想家的心情，并主动地熬炼身体，最终一切起先好转。5．Howdidtheauthorfeelbeforeleavingforcollege?A．Nervous． B．Excited．C．Sadtoleavehome． D．Upsetbyhernewlife．B解析：细微环节理解题。依据第一段的最终一句IwassohappyandhopefulaboutstartinganewlifethatIwascompletelypackedtwoweeksbeforeitwastimetoleave．可知，作者很快乐，对新生活充溢希望，所以在动身前两周就已经将自己的行李打包好了。由此可知，作者在上高校前很兴奋。6．Whatwastheauthor’sfirstproblemtobedealtwith?A．Hersleeplessness． B．Herhomesickness．C．Herworseningstudies． D．Hertoolightweight．B解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段及第三段的内容可知，作者是因为想家才得了厌食症，所以首先要解决的问题是“想家”。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“curb”inParagraph3mean?A．Control． B．Watch．C．Record． D．Ignore．A解析：词义揣测题。依据该词前后的内容可知，医生建议作者至少要维持这个体重，不能再瘦下去。因此，最接近该意思的词应当是“control”。8．Whatdidthedoctoradvisetheauthortodo?A．Totakesomemedicine．B．Totakeexerciseactively．C．Toeatmorehealthyfood．D．Toleavecollegeforawhile．D解析：细微环节理解题。依据第四段中的hetoldmeIhadnochoicebuttotaketimeawayfromschooltemporarily(短暂地)可知，医生劝作者离开学校一段时间。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)七选五AdviceforHighSchoolStudentsAsapersonwhoisgraduatingfromhighschoolverysoon,Ihavesomesuggestionsforstudentsinhighschoolorstudentswhoaresoongoingtobehighschoolstudents．1．________Iamsureotherscanbenefitfromreadingthemandwillnotmakesimilarmistakeslikeme．2．________Donotvaluefirstimpressionshighly．Don’tdismissapersonoranideatooearlyjustbecauseyouimmediatelygetabadimpression．Youwillmissmanyopportunitiesbecauseofthat．Althoughsomethingseemsbadatthefirstimpression,itdoesnotmeanitisbadallthetime．Trytogiveeverythingafairchance．Don’ttrytopleaseeverybody．Thereisnowayyoucanpleaseeverybodyorgeteverybodytoagreewithyou．3．________Itisahugewasteoftime．Haverespectforauthority．Nomatterhowmuchyoumaydislikethem,justrememberthatteachersandparentscareaboutyouandtheyareonlydoingtheirjobs．4．________Don’targuewiththemanddon’tjustobeythem．Realizehighschoolisnottherealworld．Therealworldisn’taclosedenvironment．5．________Whatisrewardedinhighschoolsuchaspopularityandagreementisdifferentfromwhatisrewardedintherealworld．Ifhighschoolisn’tworkingoutforyou,youmayfindyourselfbetterathandlingtherealworld．A．Donotbetooquicktojudge．B．Sojustlearntosaytheword“No”alot．C．Listentotheiradviceandconsideritcarefully．D．ManyofthesearebasedonregretsthatIhave．E．Badhabitsarehardtobreakandremainwithyouforalongtime．F．Don’tspendanyefforttryingtopleaseotherswhowillneverlikeyou．G．Itisafreesocietywherepeopleacceptresponsibilityfortheiractions．【解题导语】作者结合自身的阅历给正在读中学和即将进入中学的学生提出了四条建议。1．D解析：依据横线前句可知作者要给正在读中学和即将进入中学的同学一些建议，再依据横线后句“Iamsureotherscanbenefitfromreadingthemandwillnotmakesimilarmistakeslikeme．”可知这些建议是作者由中学的教训总结而来的。故D项符合上下文语境。2．A解析：依据本段倒数其次句“Althoughsomethingseemsbadatthefirstimpression,itdoesnotmeanitisbadallthetime．”可知很多事物乍一看很不好，但并不意味着它总不好。也就是说我们不要过于快速地做出推断。故A项正确。3．F解析：本段第一句“Don’ttrytopleaseeverybody．”告知我们不要取悦全部人，因为不是全部人都喜爱你。F项“Don’tspendanyefforttryingtopleaseotherswhowillneverlikeyou．”与本段中心思想一样，且和后句“Itisahugewasteoftime．”一样。4．C解析：依据横线后句“Don’targuewiththemanddon’tjustobeythem．”可知作者建议我们不要和老师以及父母争吵，也不要盲目地听从他们。也就是说要有我们自己的思索和推断。故C项正确。5．G解析：依据横线前边两句“Realizehighschoolisnottherealworld．Therealworldisn’taclosedenvironment．”可知学校并不是真正的世界，真正的世界不是一个封闭的环境。真正的世界是一个我们要为自己的行为负责任的自由的社会。故G项符合上下文语境。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)语法填空The