国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷14（共594题）

国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷14

（共9套）

（共594题）

国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷第

1套

一、听力填空（本题共5题，每题7.0分，共5分。）

_________国鱼包醛"勺4也9S•侬罗2/1wc.必:矍中助：学，

WhentheUnitedStateswasformed,wherewereonly13,

Thethirteenstatesdeclaredtheindependencein

In1776,the13coloniesfoughtaseven-yearWarof

Thethirty-sevenotherstateswereadmittedtothe

mationastheygainedenough

PhelasttwostatestocomeinwereAlaskaand□

WhentheUnitedStateswasformed,wherewereinly13

ThethirteenstatesdeclaredtheindependencemEH

In1776,the13coloniesIoughtaseven-yearWaxof

Thethirty-sevenotherstateswereadmittedtothe

mationastheygainedenough

ThelasttwostatestocomeinwereAlaskaand5

1、

标准答案：states

知识点解析：暂无解析

2、

标准答案：1776

知识点解析：暂无解析

3、

标准答案：Independence

知识点解析：暂无解析

4、

标准答案：Population

知识点解析：暂无解析

5、

标准答案：Hawaii

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、高级听力填空（本题共5题，每题7.0分，共5

分。）

BeforeMikebecameanactor,whatkindofschooldidhegoto?

6、BeforeMikebecameanactor,whatkindofschooldidhegoto?

标准答案：Adramaschool

知识点解析：暂无解析

7、Howoftendidthesmalltheatercompanydoanewplay?

标准答案：Everytwoweeks

知识点解析：暂无解析

8、ThetelevisiondramaMikedidlastyearwasabout

标准答案：apolicedetective

知识点解析：暂无解析

9、Whatenableshimtoearnalotofmoney?

标准答案：Doingtelevisionadvertisements

知识点解析：暂无解析

10、FromnextweekMikeplanstorun

标准答案：Adramaworkshop

知识点解析：暂无解析

三、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题7.0

分，共6分。）

Therearetwokindsofpeopleaccordingtothenarrator,onekindofpeoplecanlearn

thingsquickly,buttheotherkindofpeople.

11、Therearetwokindsofpeopleaccordingtothenarrator,onekindofpeoplecanlearn

thingsquickly,buttheotherkindofpeople.

A、canneverrememberalongpoem

B、canrememberbutittakeslongerforthem

C^canonlyremembershortpassage

D、alwaysforgetpeoplesnames

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

12、Agoodmemoryisinlearningalanguage.

A、atalent

B、agreathelp

C、abighindrance

D、askill

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

13^Aman^mindisratherlike.

A^amachine

B、acamera

C、aphoto

D^adictionary

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

What'sthepurposeofoutsourcing?

14、What'sthepurposeofoutsourcing?

A、Recruitingnewstaff.

B、Producingqualityproducts.

C、Increasingproductivity.

D、Savemoneyandlaborcost.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

15^Whatkindofjobshavebeenmovedtocountriesv/ithlowerlaborcosts?

A、Factoryproduction.

B、Computerprogramming.

C、Labor-intensivejobs.

D、Alloftheabove.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

16、Howmanyjobswerelostin2001accordingtothelaborgroups'complaints?

A、250,000jobs.

B、25,000jobs.

C^2,500,000jobs.

D、2,500jobs.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

四、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分,共4分。）

Whatarenon-readers,accordingtothefirstspeaker?

17>Whatarenon-readers,accordingtothefirstspeaker?

A、Peopleseldomreadnewspapers

B、Peoplecannotread.

C>Peoplehaveeyeproblems.

D、Alltheabove

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

18、Typicalnon-readersaredescribedasasshowedbyearlyresearches.

A、lowineducation

lowinincome

C、eitherveryyoungorveryold

D、alltheabove

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

19、Doesthemalespeakerlovethenon-readerlifestyledepictedbyearlyresearchers?

A、Yes,helovesit.

B、No,hethinksitishorrible.

C、Hedoesn'tmentionit.

D^Hedoesn'tcareaboutthelifestyleproblem.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

20、Whatisthefirstspeaker5s（thcfemaleone）opinionaboutreading?

A、Readingisagoodhabit.

Readingisgoodbutnotnecessary.

C、Readingwillmakeonefeelupset.

D、Non-readersarehopeless.

标准效案.A

知识之解析：暂无解析

五、完型填空（本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。）

Industrial[21]doesnotjusthappen.Companies[22]lowaccident

ratesplantheirsafetyprograms,workhardtoorganizethem,and[23]working

tokeepthem[24]andactive.Whentheworkis[25]done,a[26]

ofaccident-freeoperations[27]established[28]timelost

duetoinjuriesiskept[29]aminimum.Successfulsafetyprogramsmay

[30]greatlyintheemphasisplaced[31]certainaspectsofthe

program.Someplacegreatemphasisonmechanicalguarding.Othersstresssafework

practicesby[32]rulesor[33].[34]othersdependonan

emotionalappeal[35]theworker.But,therearecertainbasicideasthatmust

beusedineveryprogramifmaximumresultsaretobeobtained.Therecanbeno

questionaboutthevalueofasafetyprogram.Fromafinancialstandpointalone,safety

[36].The[37]theinjury[38],thebettertheworkman's

insurancerate.Thismaymeanthedifference[39]operatingat[40]

orataloss.

21、[21]

A、safety

B、safe

C^security

D、secure

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据词语结构和语法。首先这是个主语，所以必须用名词形式，排除

B和D。safety常指一种安全的状态，如Theyrantosafety,awayfromthe

fire,security常指安全措施,如Agoodfireisasecurityagainstwildbeasts.

22、[22]

A、at

B、in

C^on

D^with

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据词语咨配。提示词是rate,需要一个介词构成短语作定语修饰

companies®with具有，带有，表示特征，可以引起短语作定语。Aat与rate搭

配，常用短语:ata...rateattherateof...以速度（比率）。如toincreaseat

highrate以高速度增长，Thecarwasgoingattherateof40miles.汽车以每小时40

英里速度行驶.Bin和Con不能构成搭配.

23、[231

A、stop

B、continue

C^interrupt

D、construct

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据上下文语境。stop停止，有两种用法：stopdoingsth停止做某

事，§10「10(100山停下来开始做某事，811所此继续，连续，延伸；inlemap【阻断；

中断；construct建造，构造，创立。

24、[24]

A、alive

B、vivid

C、mobile

D、diverse

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据句子关系和词义。提示词是and和active,and连接两个并列关

系的形容词，在意思上应该接近。alive有活力的，活跃的，与句子中aclive是同

义词。vivid生动的，深刻的，栩栩如生的。mobile移动的,流动的。diverse种类

不同的，各种各样的。

25、[251

A、well

B、good

C、superb

D、wonderful

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据固定搭配。Welldone做得不错。口语中也常用，表示对别人所

作的事情的肯定。Welldone!干得好！

26>[26]

A、regulation

B、climate

C、circumstance

D、requirement

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据上下文句意与词义。提示词是，指前一句制订安全计划，组织实

施安全计划，并且使之持久有效的进行下去这一系列工作。climaie气氛，风气。

regulation规则，规章，条例。circumstance环境，境况，通常用做复数，强调与某

一特定的人或事件相关联的情况。requirement要求，指要求或需要的东西，或规

定的事物。常用搭配：ineet/satisfy〔herequirement符合要求，达到规定。

27、[27]

A、are

B、is

C^was

D、were

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据语法。主语是regulation,谓语动词用单数，故可排除A和D。

判断时态，应当用过去时，所以应当选B。

28、[28]

A^where

B、how

C、what

D、unless

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据语法结构和句法分析。这里是一个定语从句，修饰先行词where

引导定语从句，作地点状语，等于inwhich。原句定语从句太长，为了保持句子结

构平衡放在了句末。how如何，引导方式状语从句，what引导主语或宾语从句，

不能引导定语从句。unless除非，引导条件状语从句。

29、[29]

A、in

B、upon

C、at

D、on

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据固定搭配。keepsthataminimumW减至最小。这里是指伤

害减到最小。

30、[30]

A、alter

B、differ

C、shift

D、distinguish

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据句意与词语搭配，应该和后面的介词in构成固定短语。搭配

differin在...方面不同，有差异。alter（性格、性质、大小等的）改变，更改。

shift（位置、方向上的）移动和转变。dislinguish区分，辨别（不同之处），常用短语：

distinguishAfromB/betweenAandBo

31、[31]

A、in

upon

C、at

D、on

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据固定搭配。on...aspects）是指在……方面。这句话的意思

是：成功的安全措施最大的不同在于在某些方面加以强调。

32、[32]

A、constituting

aggravating

C、observing

D、justifying

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据词语搭配与词义区别。observing遵守，服从（规则、法律等）。

observeihespeedlimit遵守速度限制,conslituting组成,构成（机构、组织等）。

aggravating扁情、罪过、局势等）加剧，恶化。justifying证明正当，认为有理。

33、[33]

A^regulations

B、principles

C、examples

D、exceptions

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据同义反复原则，所连接的前后两个词意思上应该接近。与rules

意思接近的就是Aregulations。Bprinciples原理，定律；原则，主义；Cexamples

例子，实例，例题，Dexceptions除外条款，免责事项

34、[34]

A、Some

B、Many

C、Even

D、Still

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据语篇结构。文章中使用结构词some…others…stillothers阐明各

种安全计划的不同。still符合语篇结构特征。some,many和even不符合文章结

构。

35、[35]

A、upon

to

C、at

D、by

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据词组和上下文。appealto呼吁，要求，诉诸，上诉，有吸引力；

如appealtoarms[force]诉诸武力；Sheappealstome.我对她感兴趣。

36、[36]

A^comesoff

B、turnsup

C、paysoff

D^holdsup

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据词义。paysoff得到报偿，是值得的comesoff举行，进行lurns

up出现，出席；开大holdsup阻塞，延误

37、[37]

A、larger

B、bigger

C、fewer

D、better

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据上下文语境判断。

38、【38】

A、claims

B、reports

C、declarations

D、proclamations

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据语法结构选词，后面的比较内容insurancerale可作提示，说明

这里的选项意思应该与insurancerate同属一类内容。claims索赔。reports汇报，报

告declarations宣布，申报proclamations宣布，声明

39、【39】

A、or

B、and

C、among

D、between

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据上下文逻辑关系。后面提出了两种选择，故此处应当用

between。如Itissomethingbetweenajugandavase.这东西既像瓦罐乂像花瓶，

40、[40]

A、anadvantage

B、abenefit

C、aninterest

D、aprofit

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据上下文逻辑关系。句中。r是提示词，表示选择关系，说明所连

接的两部分语义相反。aprofit利润常用搭配：ataprofit嬴利和ataloss损失，亏损

是反义词。anadvantage优势，长处。abenefit利益，好处。aninterest利益，常用

复数。

六、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共20题，每题7.0

分,共20分。）

Botany,thestudyofplants,occupiesapeculiarpositioninthehistoryofhuman

knowledge.Formanythousandsofyearsitwastheonefieldofawarenessaboutwhich

humanshadanythingmorethanthevaguestofinsights.Ilisimpossibletoknowtoday

justwhatourStoneAgeancestorsknewaboutplants,butfromwhatwecanobserveof

preindustrialsocietiesthatstillexist,adetailedlearningofplantsandtheirproperties

mustbeextremelyancient.Thisislogical.Plantsarethebasisofthefoodpyramidforall

livingthings,evenforotherplants.Theyhavealwaysbeenenormouslyimportanttothe

welfareofpeople,notonlyforfood,butalsoforclothing,weapons,tools,dyes,

medicines,shelter,andagreatmanyotherpurposes.Tribeslivingtodayinthejunglesof

theAmazonrecognizeliterallyhundredsofplantsandknowmanypropertiesofeach.To

diembotany,assuch,hasnonameandisprobablynotevenrecognizedasaspecial

branchof"knowledge1'atall.Unfortunately,themoreindustrializedwebecome,the

fartherawaywemovefromdirectcontactwithplants,andthelessdistinctour

knowledgeofbotanygrows.Yeteveryonecomesunconsciouslyonanamazingamount

ofbotanicalknowledge,andfewpeoplewillfailtorecognizearose,anapple,oran

orchid.WhenourNeolithicancestors,livingintheMiddleEastabout10,000yearsago,

discoveredthatcertaingrassescouldbeharvestedandtheirseedsplantedforricheryields

thenextseason,thefirstgreatstepinanewassociationofplantsandhumanswastaken.

Grainswerediscoveredandfromthemflowedthemarvelofagriculture:cultivatedcrops.

Fromthenon,humanswouldincreasinglytaketheirlivingfromthecontrolled

productionofafewplants,ratherthangettingalittlehereandalittletherefrommany

varietiesthatgrewwild-andtheaccumulatedknowledgeoftensofthousandsofyears

ofexperienceandintimacywithplantsinthewildwouldbegintofadeaway.

41、Whichofthefollowingassumptionsaboutearlyhumansisexpressedinthe

passage?

A、Theyprobablyhadextensiveknowledgeofplants.

B>Theythoughttherewasnoneedtocultivatecrops.

C、Theydidnotenjoythestudyofbotany.

D^Theyplacedgreatimportanceontheownershipofproperty.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题考杳准理判断。文章的第一句和第二句的意思是：植物学在人类

知识的历史上占据着独特的地位。几万年来，人类对植物学这个领域的见识不像对

其他领域那样模糊。表明了，早期的人类对植物有着广博的知识，所以，选项A

为正确答案。

42、Whatdoesthecomment"Thisislogical."inline5ofthefirstparagraph

（underlined）mean?

A^Thereisnoclearwaytodeterminetheextentofourancestor'sknowledgeofplants.

B、Itisnotsurprisingthatearlyhumanshadadetailedknowledgeofplants.

C、Itisreasonabletoassumethatourancestorsbehavedverymuchlikepeoplein

preindustrialsocieties.

D、Humanknowledgeofplantsiswellorganizedandverydetailed.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题考查细节。在这句评论的前面，作者曾讲到过，早期的人类对植

物有着广博的知识，虽然今天我们不可能知道我们的祖先对•植物都了解些什么，但

可以断定他们掌握了非常详细的植物学知识。"Thisislogical.（这很合乎逻辑）”，

因为"Plantsarethebasisofthefoodpyramidforalllivingthings,evenforother

plants.（植物对所有生物，甚至对于其他植物来说，是食物金字塔的基础。户所

以，他们掌握了非常详细的植物学知识一点也不令人吃惊，即选项B正确。

43、Accordingtothepassage,whyhasgeneralknowledgeofbotanybeguntofade?

A^Peoplenolongervalueplantsasausefulresource.

B、Botanyisnotrecognizedasaspecialbranchofscience.

C、Researchisunabletokeepupwiththeincreasingnumbersofplants.

D、Directcontactwithavarietyofplantshasdecreased.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题考查布理判断。从文章的整个第二段，尤其是第一句

“Unfortunately,themoreindustrializedwebecomethefartherawaywemovefrom

directcontactwithplants,andthelessdistinctourknowledgeofbotanygrows0（遗憾

的是，工业化程度越高，人类与植物直接的接触就越少，我们关于植物学的知识就

越不清楚。厂推断出，因为人类与植物直接的接触减少，所以对植物学的常识也就

消失了。

44、Inline15ofparagraph2,whatistheauthor'spurposeinmentioning"arose,an

apple,oranorchid"?

A、Tomakethepassagemorepoetic.

B、Tociteexamplesofplantsthatareattractive.

C^Togivebotanicalexamplesthatallreaderswillrecognize.

D、Toillustratethediversityofbotanicallife.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题考查细节。这几个词所在的句子的意思是：然而大家都无意中发

现了大量的植物学方面的知识，而且很少有人会不认识玫瑰花，苹果或兰花。后半

句其实就是说很少有人会不认识常见的植物。所以，本题止确答案应是C。

45、Accordingtothepassage,whatwasthefirstgreatsteptowardthepracticeof

agriculture?

A、Theinventionofagriculturalimplementsandmachinery.

B>Thedevelopmentofasystemofnamesforplants.

C>Thediscoveryofgrassesthatcouldbeharvestedandreplanted.

D^Thechangingdietsofearlyhumans.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题考查细节。由文章的第二段第三、四两句话“WhenourNeolithic

ancestors...discoveredthatcertaingrassescouldbeharvestedandtheirseedsplantedfor

richeryieldsthenextseason,thefirstgreatstepinanewassociationofplantsand

humanswastaken.”可知耕种庄稼即实施农业的第一步就是发现了某种可以收获和

移植的草。所以本题的正确答案是C。

Inertialguidanceisthenamegiventothosetypesofsystemswhichguideandkeeptrack

ofthelocationofvehicleswhicharcfreetomoveinthreedimensions.Vehicleswhich

moveonlyonaplanesurface,suchasshipsorautomobiles,requireonlyanaccurate

compass,sextant,andclocktokeeptrackoftheirpresentposition.Whenavehiclecan

travelupordownaswellasnorthoreast,itismuchmoredifficulttofixitsposition.An

inertialplatformisusedininertialguidancetomeasurevehiclealtitudeandacceleration

whicharethenintegratedtoprovidepositionandvelocity.Theinertialplatformconsists

ofthreegyroscopesandthreeaccelerometersmountedintheinnergimbalofthefour

gimbalplatform.Thepurposeoftheinertialplatformistoallowthevehicletomovein

anydirectionabouttheinnergimbalcontainingthegyrosandaccelerometers,without

disturbingorturningthemfromtheiroriginalorientation.Thusthegyrosand

accelerometersdonotmmwhenthevehicleturnssotheysensealtitudeandacceleration

wilhrespecttotheiroriginalinertialreferenceframe.Iftheaccelerationisalwaysknown

withrespecttothisoriginalinertialreferenceframe,itcanbeintegratedtoprovide

velocityandthenintegratedagaintoprovidedistance.Thusthedistanceandvelocityof

thevehiclewithrespecttoitsstartingpointareknown.Inertialguidancesystemsareused

todayinairplanes,submarines,andspacecraft.Theydisplayforthepilothispitch,roll

andyawangles,hisheading,hisspeed,andhislatitudeandlongitude.Thesearcvery

imporlantitemstohavereadilyavailable,whetheroneisinahighspeedvehiclewith

verylowvisibilityduetopoorweather,orinaspacecrafttravelinginlunarorbit.The

mainfeaturesofinertialsystemsarethattheyareautomaticanddonotrequireany

externalinformation.Thus,thepilotdoesnothavetofeedinanyinformationexceptthe

originalpositionandaltitude.Inertialsystemsserveaneedonfastmovingvehicles

movinginathreedimensionalplane,wherepositioninformationisrequiredbythepilot

almostconstantly.

46、Itcanbeinterredfromthearticlethataninertialguidancesystemissimilarto

A、agyroscope.

B>ahighspeedvehicle.

C、anavigator.

D^asubmarine.

标准答案：C

知识点。析：本题考查推理判断。根据文章第一句话，可知，惯性制导系统能够控

制并记录在三维空间里运动的运载工具的位置，很像导航设备，所以选项C正

确。选项Agyroscope（陀螺仪）是制导系统的一部分，所以排除；从文中找不到这种

制导系统像高速运载工具依据，所以选项B错误；选项Dsubmarine（潜水艇）使用

这种制导系统，因此本身不可能类似这种系统，也是错误的。

47NAccordingtotheselection,thebasicconcernoftheinertialguidancesystemis

A、spaceinthreedimensions.

B、poorvisibilityandmeteorologicalconditions.

C、thealtitudeandpositionofavehicle.

D、spacecraftproductivity.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题考查塞理判断。根据文章的前面几句话可以概括出本制导系统跟

踪运动体的高度和位置，换句话说，它的基本相关的事情是运动体的高度和位置，

所以选项C正确。

48、Theinertialplatformismainlyused

A^topreventtheshiporplanefrommovingoffcourse.

B、tosendinformationfromthegroundcontrolunit.

C、tomaintainthespeedoftheshiporplane.

D、topreventachangeinthesystemsorientation.

标准答案：D:

知识点解析：本题考查细节。由第一段第六句话，“hepurposeoftheinertial

platformistoallowthevehicletomoveinanydirectionabouttheinnergimbal（方向接

头）containingthegyrosandaccelerometers,withoutdisturbingorturningthemfrom

theiroriginalorientation.”可知这种制导系统的工作台的目的就是防止系统改变原

来的方向。所以选项D正确。

49Spaceshipsneedaninertialguidancesystem,butautomobilesdonotbecauseof

A^therelativespeedofthevehicles.

B、therelativesizeofthevehicles.

C>therelativecostofthevehicles.

D、theirdifferentmethodsoftravel.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题考查毒理判断。从文章所介绍的制导系统的功能和用途可知，它

在一个立体的范围内制导（即文章中所述的不仅朝南北、东西方向，而且朝上下方

向），而汽车不像宇宙飞船那样朝上朝下运动，它只是沿平面运动。由此可知，汽

车不需要惯性制导系统，是因为它们的运动方式不同，故正确答案为D。惯性制

导系统与运动体速度、大小和成本均无关，所以选项A,B,C都是错误的。

50、Themainpurposeofthispassagewas

A、toprovidetraininginformationtonewpilotsandnavigators.

B、tomotivatepeople'sinterestinspacetravel.

C^toexplainhowtouseaninertialguidancesystem.

D、todescribethestructureandimportanceofaninertialguidancesystem.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题考查主旨。文章的第一段和第二段分别描述了惯性制导系统的结

构和重要性，故选项D的内容正是这篇文章的主要目的。文章只是粗略地介绍了

这种系统，不能用作训练新飞行员的材料，所以选项A不正确；选项B和C不切

题。

Awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisforgood

mentodonothing.So,asapoliceofficer,Ihavesomeurgentthingstosaytogood

people.DaysafterdaysmymenandIstruggletoholdbackatidalwaveofcrime.

Somethinghasgoneterriblywrungwithouroncc-proudAmericanwayoflife.Ithas

happenedintheareaofvalues.Akeyingredientisdisappearing,andIthinkIknowwhat

itis:accountability.Accountabilityisn'thardtodefine.Itmeansthateverypersonis

responsibleforhisorheractionsandliablefortheirconsequences.Ofthemanyvalues

thatholdcivilizationtogether-honesty,kindness,andsoon-accountabilitymaybethe

mostimportantofall.Wiihoutit,therecanbenorespect,notrust,nolaw一and,

ultimately,nosociety.Myjobasapoliceofficeristoimposeaccountabilityonpeople

whorefuse,orhaveneverlearned,toimposeitonthemselves.Butaseverypoliceman

knows,externalcontrolsonpeople'sbehaviorarefarlesseffectivethaninternalrestraints

suchasguilt,shameandembarrassment.Fortunatelytherearestillcommunities-smaller

towns,usually—whereschoolsmaintaindisciplineandwhereparentsholdupstandards

thatproclaim:"Inthisfamilycertainthingsarenottolerated—theysimplyarenotdone!"

Yetmoreandmore,especiallyinourlargersuburbs,theseinnerrestraintsareloosening.

Yourtypicalrobberhasnone.Heconsidersyourproperty;hetakeswhathewants,

includingyourlifeifyouenragehim.Themaincauseofthisbreak-downisaradicalshift

inattitudes.Thirtyyearsago,ifacrimewascommitted,societywasconsideredthe

victim.Now,inashockingreversal,it'sthecriminalwhoisconsideredvictimized:byhis

underprivilegedupbringing,bytheschoolthatdidn'tteachhimtoread,bythechurchthat

failedtoreachhimwithmoralguidance,bytheparentswhodidn'tprovideastablehome.

Idon'tbelieveit.Manyothersinequallydisadvantagedcircumstanceschoosenotto

engageincriminalactivities.Ifwefreethecriminal,evenpartly,fromaccountability,we

becomeasocietyofendlessexcuseswherenooneacceptsresponsibilityforanything.

WeinAmericadesperatelyneedmorepeoplewhobelievethatthepersonwhocommitsa

crimeistheoneresponsibleforit.

51、Whatthewisemansaidsuggeststhat

A、it'sunnecessaryforgoodpeopletodoanythinginfaceofevil.

B、it'scertainthatevilwillprevailifgoodmendonothingaboutit.

C、it'sonlynaturalfbrvirtuetodefeatevil.

D、it'sdesirablefbrgoodmentokeepawayfromevil.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题考查准理判断。问题中suggest一词的意思是“使人想到，喑

示文章第一句字面上虽说“Awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryfor

thetriumphofevilisforgoodmentodonolhing.（聪明人曾经说过邪恶之所以猖獗，

是因为好人什么都不做，所以我要对好人说些急迫的事情。户但通过阅读全文进一

步理解其深层含义，作者实事上则暗示：“如果好人对邪恶坐视不管，那它就会盛

行猖獗（prevail）”。所以选项B正确。

52>Accordingtotheauthor,ifapersonisfoundguiltyofacrime,

A、societyistobeheldresponsible.

B、modemcivilizationisresponsibleforit.

C、thecriminalhimselfshouldbeartheblame.

D、thestandardsoflivingshouldbeimproved.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题考查塞理判断。在文章的倒数笫二段中作者讲，二十年前，一个

人犯了罪，社会是受害者；而现在，令人震惊的是.罪犯反而成了受害者，社会倒

成了罪魁。下一段里，作者声明他不能苟同。最后一段作者进一步说：utheperson

whocommitsacrimeistheoneresponsibleforit”所以选项C为正确答案。选项A，

B都不是作者的观点，选项D文章中未提到。

53、Comparedwiththoseinsmalltowns,peopleinlargecitieshave

A^lessself-discipline.

B、bettersenseofdiscipline.

C、moremutualrespect.

D、lesseffectivegovernment.

标准答案：A'

知识点解析：本题考查细节。我们可以直接找到它在文章中的位置。文章的第七段

第一句说：44Yetmoreandmore,especiallyinourlargecitiesandsuburbs,theseinner

restraintsareloosening.（大城市里面人对自己的约束越来越松）“，而选项A与原文

吻合。

54、Thewriterissorrytohavenoticedthat

A、peopleinlargecitiestendtoexcusecriminals.

B、peopleinsmalltownsstillsticktoolddisciplineardstandards.

C、today'ssocietylackssympathyfbrpeopleindifficulty.

D、peopleindisadvantagedcircumstancesareengagedincriminalactivities.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题考查推理判断。文章的倒数第三段说：现在的情景和以前相比完

全颠倒了：罪犯被认为是受害者，人们找各种各样的借口原谅罪犯：缺乏被抚养的

权利，学校没有教他学习，教堂没有给他道德上的指导，父母没有提供稳定的家

庭。这些都表明人们在为罪犯辩解，所以选项A为正确答案。

55、Thekeypointofthepassageisthat

A、stricterdisciplineshouldbemaintainedinschoolsandfamilies.

B、moregoodexamplesshouldbesetfbrpeopletofollow.

C^morerestrictionsshouldbeimposedonpeople'sbehavior.

D、morepeopleshouldacceptthevalueofaccountability.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题考查主旨。本题询问的是文章的重点(keypoint)。文章第二段最

后一句表明:“Akeyingredientisdisappearing,andIthinkIknowwhatitis：

accountability.(一个重要的因素正在消失，我知道这就是：责任)第四段"Ofthe

manyvaluesthatholdcivilizationtogether-honesty,kindness,andsoon一

accountabilitymaybethemostimportantofall.Withoutit,therecanbenorespect,

notrust,nolaw一and,ultimately,nosociety,(在许多使文明成为一个整体的价值

观一诚实、仁慈等等当中，责任是最重要的。没有它，就不会有尊重、不会有信

任、不会有法律，而且，最主要的是没有社会广。还有最后两段，作者都在阐述一

个观点：人们应该接受责任这一价值观。选项D正确。

IadmitIamacompletefoolaboutcals,who,forsomereasonIdon'tunderstand,failto

returnmyadmiration.IwillwaitminutesforcarstopasssothatIcancrosstheroadto

addressablackandwhitecatateaseinsunshineonalowwall,eithertowatchthetipof

afrightenedtaildisappearunderaneighboringgateortobemetwiththemostviolentcat

cursesor,whilemyhandmovesgentlyoverthesmoothshiningfur,tobebittenor

scratchedorattackedinbothwaysatthesametime.Itmakesnodifference:Icontinue

myjourneywithmyrespectincreased.Afterall,thewisestmenofoneoftheoldest

civilizationsworshippedthenoblecatsowhyshouldIbeashamedoffollowingtheir

example?Ihavesometimesstayedlongenoughinoneplaceioheownedbyacatandit

isonthoseoccasionsthatIatlastfeelsympathywithparentswhocannotcontroltheir

children.Ihavethefirmestbeliefindiscipline,especiallyforthecatwhoadoptsmeand

iskindenoughtoallowmetoshareherhomeandprovideherwithfood.Shewillhavea

comfortablebasketandnotsitonanyfurniture;shewillcomewhencalledorhaveno

supper;andshewillatalltimesbehavetowardsmewiththerespectIshowtowardsher.

Andthenwhathappens?Sherefuseseventoconsiderthebasket,and,assoonasmyback

isturned,settlesonmyfavoritechair,daringmetomoveheronmyreturn.Atsome

unexpectedmomentafterIhavesatdown,shespringssuddenlyontomykneesand

delightedlyruinsmystockingswithherclaws,complainingangrily,evenpainfullyv/ith

thesharpestofteeth,ifIbenddowntopicksomethingup.Idarenotrisetochangethe

televisionprogram,howevermuchIdislikeit,andshewatchesdreamilythemoving

shadowsonthescreen.Shecomesnottomycall,butwhensheisready,hourslater,andI

amsorelievedtoseeherthathersupperisincreasedinamount.Whenputoutatnight

(withfiercedisapproval)shewaitstillIamasleepandihencriesnoisilyatmybedroom

tocomein.Anhourlatershecriesevenmorenoisilyatthebedroomdoortobeletout

again.IfIgoawayonholiday,aneighborfeedsher,whoreportsonmyreturnonher

sweetness,herobedienceandperfectbehavior.Iamtheonlyonethatshedelightsin

defying.Dogsarepleasantanimals,friendly,faithfulandintelligent.Dogshaveproper

respectforthehumanrace.Youknowwhereyouarcwithadog;neverwithacat,who

willbeselfish,vain,ungratefulandquiteunreasonable.Butthat'sjustit.Whowantsto

knowwhereheiswithanylivingthing?Itisthefree,thestrangecreatureofgraceand

beauty,theindependentandunknown,thatattracts,nottheworthy,respectful,

dependableslave.

56、Whatisthewriter'sfeelingfbrcats?

A、Shegivesthemunreturnedworship.

B>Theyareacombinationofannoyanceandintenseadmiration.

C>Sheisquitefondofthem.

D^Sheisashamedofbeingtheirslave.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题考查推理判断。在文章最后一段话中，作者认为猫之所以吸引她

正是因为猫所特有的捉膜不定、自由自在的天性以及它那与生俱来的高傲与美丽。

因此可知，作者对猫是喜爱的。但在第二段作者用大量笔墨描写了猫的不驯服与狡

猾、表现出她对猫的“亦爱亦恨、无可奈何”的复杂感情，就象“父母对淘气的孩子”

一样“无所适从”。由此可知，作者对猫的感情不是单纯的喜欢与否，而是在喜欢它

的同时又夹杂着一些无奈与懊恼，即选项B为正确答案。

57>Whatconditionsdoesthewritermakewhenshegivesacatahome?

A、Sheexpectsthecattoobeyher.

B、Thecatmustobserveafewnecessaryrules.

C>Thecatmustacceptthewriter'sauthority.

D、Thecatwillstayonlyifshebehavesherself.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题考查对细节。作者在第二段的第二句话中"havethefirmestbelief

indiscipline,especiallyforthecatwhoadoptsme”强调了纪律的重要性，表明作者布

望猫能在一定程度上按照她的命令行动。所以该题的答案应选择B。

58、Oneexampleofthecat'srefusaltodoassheistoldis

A、herdislikeofherbasket.

B、herattacksonthewriter'sclothes.

C>herattac