2022年天津市高考英语试卷(原题卷)

绝密★启用前2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）英语笔试(第一次)本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。第Ⅰ卷1至11页，第Ⅱ卷12至13页。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。祝各位考生考试顺利！ 第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2.本卷共55小题，共95分。第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Standoverthere________you’llbeabletoseeitbetter.or B.and C.but D.while 答案是B。—You’velockedthekeysinthecar?—______.Ihaveasparesetthere.Goodforyou B.I’dbetternot C.Itdoesn’tmatter D.Thatalldepends2.Hemingwaywrotenovelsandshortstories______onhispersonalexperiencesoftheFirstWorldWar.A.Based B.tobase C.basing D.beingbased3.______weachievegreatsuccessinourwork,weshouldnotbetooproud.A.Eversince B.Evenif C.Incase D.Asthough4.Thedancingclubinourcommunitywelcomesallnewmembers,______ageorgender.A.bymeansof B.insteadof C.onaccountof D.regardlessof5.Whenpeoplethinkaboutoperatingsystems______weredevelopedforthepersonalcomputer,Microsoftmaycometomind.A.what B.where C.who D.which6.Makeanoteofthequestionsyouwanttoask.______,you’llforgetsomeofthem.A.Otherwise B.However C.Moreover D.Therefore7.—Ihaven’tmadeupmymindwhetherI’llsignthecontractwiththiscompany.—______.Itisnotadecisionyouneedtomakeimmediately.A.Whatamess B.It’ssettled C.Takeyourtime D.That’sthepoint8.Sunlightisusedto______someofthelightingandhotwaterintheOlympicVillageinBeijing.A.absorb B.produce C.seek D.combine9.WhenIwasalittleboy,______IlookedforwardtomostwasthedinnerontheeveoftheSpringFestival.A.how B.why C.which D.what10.AnnwasratherannoyedwithmebecauseIwaslateandshe______foraverylongtime.A.hadwaited B.hasbeenwaiting C.iswaiting D.wouldwait11.Tohelpusbetterunderstandingliteraryworks,ourteachercomparedthewritingstyleofMarkTwainwith______LinYutang.A.those B.that C.ones D.one12.Thehospitalisveryoldandcannolongerservetheneedsofthetown.Anewhospital______havebeenputupyearsago.A.may B.would C.should D.must13.Inthepasttenyears,onepercentofourcompany’sprofits______giventolocalcharities.A.hasbeen B.havebeen C.was D.were14.Anewstudyhas______thecausesofthedisease,andit’slikelythatacurewillsoonbefound.A.maderoomfor B.takencontrolof C.lostcontactwith D.thrownlighton15.Thisoldcastleissaid______fromdesignsbyafamousarchitectinthe16thcentury.A.tohavebeenbuilt B.tohavebuilt C.tobebuilt D.tobuild第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。OnabeautifulWednesdaymorning,Iawokeinasharedroominthehospital.Longcurtainshadbeenpulledaroundmybed,16mefromtheotherpatients.Ihadbrokenmyrightlegthenightbefore.Itwasstillsummer,butminewas17.Ontheothersideofmybedcurtain,Iheardapatientcheerfully18everynurseastheyenteredtheroom,asifwelcomingeachintohishome.Hecalledthembynameandasked19abouttheirfamilies.Ineverheardthismanwhisperawordabouthisown20.ThatnightIwept.Ithoughtabouthowmyschoolworkwouldbe21andallthethingsIcould,temporarily,nolongerdo.Iawokeearlythenextmorning,22oftheuncertaindaysahead.The23oftheroomwassoonbrokenbyaquietvoicefrombehindthecurtain.“Goodmorning,”thevoicesaidcalmly,clearly24atme.“Areyoudoingokay?”Themanmusthaveheardmy25thenightbefore.Hesitantly,Iresponded.Fromtherehedrewmeintoa(n)26.Wetalkedendlesslythroughthecurtaintopassthetime,withoutseeingeachother.Everydayhewouldgreetmewithcheer,“Goodmorning,Caroline.Youaregoingto27this.”Thisstrangerbecamemycheerleader,asifitwashismissiontoliftmeupfrommy28.He29metofindthebestinalldifficultcircumstances.Lifeisnotalwayseasy,hewouldsay,butyouhaveto30andlookforthepositive.Dayslaterwhenthecurtainwasdrawn,Isawthis31oldmanforthefirsttime.32hisownillhealth,hecontinuedtocoachmefromhishospitalbedinthedaysthatfollowed.Mydischargepapers(出院证明)werefinallysignedandIwaited33togethome.AsIwaswheeledoutoftheroom,Isaidmyfinalgoodbyetotheoldman.Ioftenthinkofmyexceptionalroommateandofwhata(n)34hewastome.Theimpacthemadeduringthosedifficultdaysinhospitalstill35.Thankyouforbeingmyrayofsunshine!A.driving B.separating C.liberating D.rescuingA.next B.back C.over D.hereA.comforting B.assisting C.praising D.greetingA.Sincerely B.hopefully C.thankfully D.confidentlyA.attitude B.pain C.threat D.effortA.ignored B.understood C.recommended D.affectedA.ashamed B.fond C.scared D.proudA.silence B.agreement C.connection D.limit24 A.protested B.directed C.imitated D.recorded25. A.cheer B.appeal C.cry D.comment26. A.conflict B.adventure C.operation D.conversation27. A.getthrough B.comeacross C.carefor D.focuson28. A.astonishment B.craziness C.sadness D.embarrassment29. A.promised B.ordered C.permitted D.encouraged30. A.getaway B.carryon C.checkout D.makeup31. A.strict B.ambitious C.optimistic D.honest32. A.Despite B.Beyond C.Besides D.Until33. A.doubtfully B.curiously C.eagerly D.politely34. A.opportunity B.gift C.dream D.option35. A.differs B.spreads C.occurs D.stay第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AEngland’sspringtimeeventscomeinallshapesandsizes.There’ssomethingtosuitalltastesandinterests.CelebratingJillMcKnightEnjoytheworksofLeedsartistJillMcKnightatLeedsArtGallery.ExploringstoriesofpeopleofLeedsthroughsculpture,print,soundandvideo,thisfreeexhibitionisaprojectdevelopedincollaboration(合作)withtheBritishLibrary.25Mar.-16Oct.,LeedsArtGallery,TheHeadrow,Leeds.TheBoatRaceTheCambridge-OxfordBoatRaceisbackontheThamesfor2022.Thisyearwillseetheuniversitiesgoheadtoheadinthel76thmen’sraceandthe76thwomen’srace.Don’tmissthishistoricoccasion.3Apr.,RiverThames,Putney,London.TheGrandNationalWatchedeveryyearbymorethan500millionpeopleinmorethanl40countries,theGrandNationalreallyistheracingeventoftheyear.Bookyourticketsnowtosee40horseracingcompetitorstakeonAintree’stoughandfamousfences.9Arp.,AintreeRacecourse,Aintree,Merseyside.TodmordenFolkFestivalIfyou’reafanoffolk,Todmordenistheplacetobe.ThisgrassrootsfestivalfeaturesMorrisdancing,lotsoflivemusicandtheatretakingplacethroughoutTodmorden’shistoricbuildingsovertheMaybankholidayweekend.29Apr-1.May,TodmordenWaterQuarter,Calderdale,WestYorkshire.KeswickMountainFestivalHeadtotheUK’spremiermountainfestivalthisspring.Auniquemixtureofoutdooreventsincludinghiking,moonlitboating,sailingandindooriceclimbing,talksfromoutdoorenthusiastsandlivemusic,thisisamustforloversofthegreatoutdoors.20-22May,Keswick,LakeDistrictNationalPark.Wheredoyougoifyouwanttowatchacompetitionbetweentwouniversities?Putney,London.Aintree,Merseyside.Calderdale.WestYorkshire.Keswick,LakeDistrictNationalPark.Accordingtothepassage,whichactivitydrawsalargeinternationalaudienceeveryyear?Morrisdancing.Horseracing.Moonlitboating.IndooriceclimbingAtbothTodmordenFolkFestivalandKeswickMountainFestival,there’llbe________.talkstheatrelivemusicoutdoorsportsYoucanadmireworksofartat________.CelebratingJillMcKnightB.TheGrandNationalC.TodmordenFolkFestivalD.KeswickMountainFestivalBIworkatPearson,thelargestandbusiestairportinCanada.IamoneofthefacesofTorontothatwelcomemillionsofairtravellersfromallovertheworld.Mydailyworkishelpingconnecting(转乘)passengers,forexample,answeringtheirquestionsabouttheboardinggateordeparturetime.Afteralongnon-stopflight,thesepassengersaretiredandhungry.Theyneedcoffee,breakfastandalounge(候机室)insteadofconfusionastheywaitanxiouslytogettheirluggageandboardtheirnextflights.Myjobistokeepthemcalmandinformed.Emotionscanrunhighandtheloungeislikeapressurecooker.Ofcourse,connectingpassengersdon’twanttomisstheirflights.Theyareusuallyinahurry.Theyarestressedout.Yousee,alotofthemaretravellingforpleasureandgoingtoplaceslikeMiamiBeachandYellowstonePark.Butnowtheyareoutofbreathandsweating.Someshoutangrily,someareevenintears.Theydon’tseemtobehavinganyfunatall.Thatiswhenitistimeforempathy.Weputourselvesinthepassengers’shoesandhelpthemasmuchaswecan.Ifweseetheelderlytryingtocatchtheirplanesbutwalkingatasnail’space,wefindawheelchairforthemimmediately.Whenaplaneisleavingin15minutesandthedoorisclosing,whatelsecanwesuggestbut:“Run!Run!”Afewtimes,Ihaverunwithpassengerstotheirboardinggate.It'saraceagainsttime.Sincepassengersarejustpassingthrough,ourinteractionsarebrief.Isay“Nihao”totheChineseand“Hola”totheSpanish.Asimplegreetingintheirmothertonguecanguaranteeasmilefromatotalstrangerandatiredtraveller.Once,ayoungwoman,whowasonherwaytovisitherfamilyinSouthAfrica,toldmeshewasexpectingherfirstbaby.Iofferedmycongratulationsandgoodluck.Toall,Iwishapleasanttrip,togroupsoffforafamilyweddinginSingapore,toseniorstravellingtoRomeforholiday,tochildrenofftoDisneyWorldinOrlando...theairportisnotadullplace.Allkindsofhumanemotionsareondisplay:sad(tearfulgoodbyes),happy(familyget-togethers),anxious(waitinginalongline)andupset(missingaflight).SometimesIthinknomatterwherewecomefrom,whatcolouroureyes,hairandskin,weareheretoshowourunderstandingandhelp.Wearefamily.Whatdoestheauthor’sjobinvolve?Cleaningthelounge.Helpingbookhotels.Providinginformation.Sellingfoodanddrinks.Theloungeislikeapressurecookerbecauseconnectingpassengers______.areundersocialpressureareanxiousaboutmissingtheirflightsarepleasedwiththeairportstaffareinhighspiritsaftertheirjourneysWhatdoestheunderlinedword“empathy”inParagraph3probablymean?Understandingothers’feelings.Followingthepassengers’steps.Recallingthememoriesofthetrips.Avoidinggivingunwisesuggestions.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?smileisnoguaranteeofqualityservice.Kindnessdoesnotalwayspayoff.Friendlyinteractionslightuptheday.Travellersneedtoknowasecondlanguage.Theauthorsays“theairportisnotadullplace”becauseattheairport______.familyrelationsarestrengthenedcustomsoftheworldareondisplaytherearerecreationalfacilitiesforchildrenmomentsofpeople’slifeareexperiencedCThequestion,“Whatdoelephantsandfishhaveincommon?"maysoundstrangebutresearchershavefoundthattheybothhaveafeaturenotobservedinanyothercreature.AteamatGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyhasdiscoveredthatelephantsuseaspecialformofairsuction(吸力)intheirtrunkstopickupfoodandhandledelicateobjects.Animalsusingsuctiontohandleobjectsaretypicallyfoundinwater.Manyfishperformsuctionfeedingthatrequiresspecialisedbodypartstoquicklygenerateairpressurethatcandrawnearbyfoodintotheirmouths.Theresearchershavefoundthatanelephantcoulddothesamethankstoitshugenostrils(鼻孔)andlungcapacity.Theradius(半径)ofanelephant’snostrilscanincreasebyupto30%,andthevolumeofairthatitcanpushthroughitstrunkincreasesby64%.Thisallowsittotakeinairat30timesthespeedofahumansneeze,enablingittodrink3Lofwaterasecond.InanexperimentatAtlantazoo,theresearcherslookedathowanelephantwouldpickupasmallcrispy(酥脆的)pancake,whichwasonly0.5mmthick.Theforcerequiredtobreakthepancakewaslessthan1%ofthetrunk’sweight(about100kg).Theelephantwasfoundtoeitherusesuctionatafixeddistancefromthepancaketo“raise”theobjectintheairandholdit,orgentlypressthetipofitstrunkagainstthepancakeandapplysuctiontopickitup.Atnotimeduringtheexperimentdidtheelephantbreakthepancake.Theresearchersbelievethatthefindingscouldhelptechnologycompaniesdevelopbettermachinesthatuseairtodotheirjobs,assuctionhaslongbeenusedinroboticstograbobjects.Thefascinatingpartofthestudyforroboticsisthatelephantscanuseairsuctionbothongroundandinwater.Theresearchersaresoimpressedthattheysuggesttheelephant’ssuctiontechniquecouldhelpimproveroboticstechnology.Natureneverceasestosurprise.Indeed,itisthoughtthatoverfour-fifthsoflivingspeciesonearthremainundiscovered.Thatisareminderofhowlittleweknowofourplanet,andthatwearenottheonlycreatureswithhiddencomplexities.Accordingtotheresearchers,whatistheabilitysharedbybothelephantsandfish?Survivinglowairpressure.Usingairsuctiontechnique.Observingothercreatures.Adaptingtonewenvironments.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutanelephantaccordingtoParagraph3?Itdrinkswater30timesfasterthanman.Itletsout64%moreairwhensneezing.Itslungcapacityissmallerthanwethink.Itsnostrilscanget30%biggerinradius.Whatcanbelearnedaboutanelephant’strunkintheexperiment?Itstipcansensethethicknessofobjects.Itsweightaffectsitsmovement.Itbreaksthefoodbeforeholdingit.Itpicksupdelicateobjectsindifferentways.Theresearchfindingsmaycontributetothedevelopmentof_______.underwaterrobotsnaturereservestransportvehiclesfishfarmingWhatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?Topromoteanewtechnology.Torecommendaresearchteam.Tointroduceascientificdiscovery.Toexplainahistoricalphenomenon.Whowouldmostprobablyfindthepassagehelpful?Mechanicalengineers.Medicalprofessionals.Agriculturalexperts.Wildlifeprotectors.DSomescientistsinsistthatoncewediscoverthetruthabouttheworld,wearedone.Anyonewhodeniessuchtruths,theysuggest,isstupidorignorant(无知的).Well,no.Inscience,whatwedoisbothhardand,often,hardtoexplain.Thehistoryofscienceoffersmanyexamplesofmattersthatscientiststhoughttheyhadresolved,onlytodiscoverthatthesemattersneededtobereconsidered.FamiliarexamplesincludeEarthasthecenteroftheuniverseandthestabilityofcontinents.Scienceisaprocessoflearninganddiscovery,andsometimeswelearnthatwhatwethoughtwasrightiswrong.Tosaythatscienceis“true”or“permanent”islikesayingthat“beautyisabsolute.”Atbest,it’sabitoff-key(不恰当的).TheconceptofbeautytodayisverydifferentfromwhatitwasinancientGreeceortheMiddleAges,andsoaremostofour“laws”ofnature.Otherscientistsmaysayscientificfindingsaretruebecausetheyuse“thescientificmethod.”Butwecanneveractuallyagreeonwhatthatmethodis.Somewillsayitisobservationanddescriptionoftheworld.Otherswillsayitistheuseofexperienceandexperiment.Recentlyaleadingscientistsaidthescientificmethodwastoavoidfoolingoneselfintothinkingsomethingistruethatisnot.Eachoftheseviewshasitsvalue,butiftheclaimisthatanyoneoftheseisthescientificmethod,thentheyallfail.Historyandphilosophyhaveshownthattheideaofasingular(唯一的)scientificmethodisunscientific.Infact,themethodsofsciencehavevariedbetweendisciplinesandacrosstime.Scientistshavebitterlyarguedaboutwhichmethodsarethebest,and,asweallknow,bitterargumentsrarelygetresolved.Inmyview,scienceisnotsimple,andneitheristhenaturalworld.Oureffortstounderstandandexplainthenaturalworldarejustthat:efforts.Becausewe’rehuman,weoftenfallflat.Thegoodnewsisthatwhenthathappens,wepickourselvesup,brushourselvesoff,andgetbacktowork.Understandingtheworldwelivein,andusingthatknowledgetodousefulthings,isitsownreward.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatisconsideredastruthinscience______.mayhavelastingvaluemayneedre-examiningshouldbeknowntoallshouldnotberejectedWhydoestheauthormention“beauty”inParagraph2?Toraiseaquestion.Tomakeaprediction.Toillustrateanidea.Toproposeasolution.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthemethodsofscience?Theyshouldn’tbeusedtofoolthepublic.Theyrelyheavilyonobservationanddescription.Theyseldomcauseargumentsamongscientists.D. Theyshouldn’tbelimitedtoasinglemethod.54. Thelastparagraphsuggeststhatindoingscience,weshould______.A. keeptryinginspiteofdifficultiesB. fightbackagainstothers’criticismsC. giveprioritytoeconomicrewardsD. avoidmakingthesamemistakes55. Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A. EffortsinScience:DreamingBigB. Science:EndlessJourneytoTruthC. Scientists:DefendersofScienceD. ScientificMethod:SimpleChoice

绝密★启用前2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）英语笔试(第一次)第Ⅱ卷注意事项：1.用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。2.本卷共6小题，共35分。第三部分：写作第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。MikeSullivan,aformerconstructionworker,tookupwoodworkingafterheandhiswife,Judy,retired.Hewasenjoyingcarvingthingsinhisworkshop—buthewantedtocreatesomethingwithmorepurpose.Sullivanhadbeenthinkingaboutthesinglepresenthe’dreceivedin1954whenhewasgrowingupinasmallminingtown.Hisfatherearned$1adayandcouldn’