福建省厦门市第一中学2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）

厦门一中2022级高二年段开学考试英语第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Findaseat.B.Lookforhisbag.C.Pickupaman.2.Howlongwilltheregistrationlast?A.Onehour.B.Oneandahalfhours.C.Onehourandfortyminutes.3.Wherecouldthespeakersmostprobablybe?A.Inaclassroom.B.Inalibrary.C.Inanoffice.4.Whatistheconversationabout?A.Whythetigersharkisscary.B.Whatthetigersharklookslike.C.Howthetigersharkgetsitsname.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Hersisterlovesvillages.B.Tommakesamistake.C.Shelikeshersister.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答6、7题。6.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutmostsports?A.Bored.B.Frightened.C.Excited.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingfinally?A.Skiing.B.Skating.C.Jogging.听第7段材料，回答8、9题。8.WhatdidthemandolastSaturday?A.Campedout.B.Joinedaclub.C.Studiedalot.9.Whydopeoplejoin“FlashPlay“?A.Toexperienceacrisis.B.Toearnmoney.C.Tomakefriends.听第8段材料，回答10至12题。10.WhydoesthewomancallDr.Brown’sOffice?A.Tokeepanappointment.B.Todelayanappointment.C.Tocancelanappointment.11.Whatshouldthewomandotoavoidbeingcharged?A.Calladayinadvance.B.Calltwodaysinadvance.C.Callthreedaysinadvance.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shecan’tmeetDoctorBrownforhercatchingabadcold.B.Shewillbechargedfor24dollarsforthedelayedcancelling.C.Shehasmadeanotherappointmentforherunderstanding.听第9段材料，回答13至16题。13.Whenwillthemangotoseetheperformance?A.Onthe25th.B.Onthe26th.C..Onthe27th.14.WherewillthemangothisSunday?A.Toapostoffice.B.Toatheater.C.Tohiscompany.15.Howmuchwillthemanpayforthetickets?A.15pounds.B.20pounds.C.25pounds.16.Howwillthemangethistickets?A.Thewomanwillsendthemtohim.B.Hisdaughterswillcollectthem.C.Hewillfetchtheminperson.听第10段材料，回答17至20题。17.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutprivateschools?A.Theyareusuallysingle-sex.B.Theyhavenorulesaboutclothing.C.Theyhavespecialclassesforeverystudent.18Howlongdotheclassesgenerallylasteveryday?A.About9hours.B.About7hours.C.About5hours.19.Whendoestheschoolyeargenerallystart?A.AtthebeginningofJanuary.B.AtthebeginningofSeptember.C.AtthebeginningofFebruary.20.WhatcanwelearnabouttheeducationsysteminAustralia?A.Everyclassroomhasdifferentagegroups.B.Studentswithproblemsmaybeputintotheaterclasses.C.Theschoolclassesarefollowedbyafter-schoolactivities.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWanttochooseapicturebooktoenjoy?HerearefourpopularbookssoldonthewebsiteofAmazon,Readandchooseyourfavourite.TheRelativesCamebyCynthiaRylantSomanybeautifulmemoriesarecollectedwhenrelativescometovisit.Joininthefunasafamilygetstogetherforasummertheywillneverforget.Warmandinvitinglanguageaswellaswonderfulpicturesbringsthestoryofthisfamily’ssummerget-togethertolife.AvailablefromAmazon.S11.26JabariJumpsbyGaiaCornwallYouknowthatfeelingwhenyou'reasexcitedasyouarescaredtomakeajump.That'showJabarifeelsabouthisfirstjumpoffthedivingboard.Heknowshowtoswim.Heknowsjumpingoffsurelylooksfun.Butishebraveenoughtomakeajump?Withsomegentleencouragementfromhislovingfather,Jabarijumps.AvailablefromAmazon.$5.56ThereMightBeLobstersbyCarolynCrimiMeetSuki.She'sasmalldogwithabigfearofthebeach.Whenarescueisinorder,Sukisavesthedayprovingthatthere'snothingtofearbutfearitself.Itisaperfectpicturebookforkidswhoareafraidtotrynewexperiences.Itopensthedoortocalmingdialoguesandmessagesofbraveryandvictory.AvailablefromAmazon.$11.84ThreeLittleWordsbyAmyNoveskyDory's"Justkeepswimming!"messageofnevergivingupisperfectforanyonewhohaseverfeltliketheyweredrowningFollowDorytoanunforgettableadventureasshefindsherwayinthisbeautifuladventureoffriendshipandsurvival.AvailablefromAmazon.$12.061.WhatdoweknowaboutTheRelativesCame?A.Ittellsastoryofadventure.B.Itisthecheapestpicturebook.C.It'saboutaboy'smemories.D.It'saboutafamilyget-together.2.Whichbooktellshowtoovercomefearsbyhelpingothers?A.TheRelativesCame.B.JabariJumps.C.ThereMightBeLobsters.D.ThreeLittleWords.3.WhatdoesthebookbyAmyNoveskyinspireitsreaderstodo?A.Learntoswim.B.Nevergiveup.C.Lovetheirfriends.D.Haveanadventure.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇广告，介绍了亚马逊网站上销售的四本畅销书籍的内容、意义和价格。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据TheRelativesCamebyCynthiaRylant中“Joininthefunasafamilygetstogetherforasummertheywillneverforget.(一家人聚在一起度过一个难忘的夏天，一起来享受这一乐趣吧。)和……bringsthestoryofthisfamily’ssummerget-togethertolife.(……将这个家庭的夏日聚会故事带到了生活中。)”可知这本书描写了家庭团聚的美好，是关于家庭团聚的。故选D.【2题详解】细节理解题。根据ThereMightBeLobstersbyCarolynCrimi中“Itisaperfectpicturebookforkidswhoareafraidtotrynewexperiences.Itopensthedoortocalmingdialoguesandmessagesofbraveryandvictory.(对于害怕尝试新体验的孩子来说，这是一本完美的图画书。它打开了一扇门，让人们平静地对话，传递勇敢和胜利的信息。)”可知，这本书能够帮助孩子们克服恐惧，变得勇敢去取得胜利。故选C.【3题详解】细节理解题。根据ThreeLittleWordsbyAmyNovesky中“Dory's"Justkeepswimming!"messageofnevergivingup”可知这本书给读者们传递了永不放弃的信息，鼓励读者们不要放弃。故选B.【点睛】细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。本文是一篇广告，介绍了亚马逊网站上销售的四本畅销书籍的内容、意义和价格。2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如forexample,first,second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题1根据TheRelativesCamebyCynthiaRylant中Joininthefunasafamilygetstogetherforasummertheywillneverforget.和……bringsthestoryofthisfamily’ssummerget-togethertolife.可知这本书描写了家庭团聚的美好，是关于家庭团聚的。小题2根据ThereMightBeLobstersbyCarolynCrimi中Itisaperfectpicturebookforkidswhoareafraidtotrynewexperiences.Itopensthedoortocalmingdialoguesandmessagesofbraveryandvictory.可知这本书能够帮助孩子们克服恐惧，变得勇敢去取得胜利。BAPhDstudentinMichigandefendedherpaperwhilewearingaskirtmadeofrejectionlettersshereceivedwhilestudying.29-year-oldCaitlinKirbyprintedout17ofherrejectionletters—fromscholarships,academicjournals,andconferences—thenfoldedeachoneintoafan.Sheconnectedtheminrows,andbytheendshedesignedtheitemintoaskirtandworeit.Shesaidthattheideabehindheruniqueclothingitemcameoutofadesiretonormalizerejectionandtakeprideinovercomingit.“Thewholeprocessofrevisitingthoseoldlettersandmakingthatskirtsortofremindedmethatyouhavetoapplytoalotofthingstosucceed,”shesaid.“Anaturalpartoftheprocessistogetrejectedalongtheway.”Caitlin’sadviser,JulieLibarkin,aprofessorofearthandenvironmentalscienceatMichiganStateUniversity,alsoencouragestheacceptanceoffailureinherstudents.Libarkinbelievesit’simportantforstudentstogetintohabitofapplyingforthings,andtogetusedtothefeelingofrejection,sosheencouragesthemtochaseafteranyopportunitythatcomestheirway.Ifastudentdoesn’tgetthegrantorthespotintheacademicjournal,that’sokay.They’llstillhavelearnedsomethingintheprocess.AsforCaitlin?Herrejectionsovertheyearshaveledtogreatthings:Sinceherdoctorate,she’swonascholarshiptodofurtherresearchonurbanagricultureinGermany.Currently,she’sapost-doctoralresearcherattheUniversityofNebraska-Lincoln.Asforwhatthefutureholds?“I’mpreparedtoreceiveafewmorerejectionlettersalongtheway,”shejokedheartily,“MaybeI’llmakealongerskirt.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutCaitlinKirby’srejectionletters?A.Shereceived17rejectionsintotal.B.29ofherrejectionswerefromjournals.C.Therejectionswereconnectedintoafan.D.Shemadesomerejectionlettersintoaskirt.5.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeCatlin?A.Creativeandconsiderate. B.Caringanddetermined.C.Optimisticandhumorous. D.Generousandintelligent.6.WhichofthefollowingmayCaitlinagreewith?A.Hardworkpaysoff.B.Educationistheentrancetosuccess.C.Self-respectearnsmorerespect.D.Oneneedstonormalizefailures.7.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A.Anewsarticle. B.Apersonaldairy.C.Aresearchreview. D.Anadvertisement.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了29岁的芝加哥的一名博士生JulieLibarkin穿着用自己在学习时收到的拒绝信做成的裙子进行论文答辩，以此来告诉大家不要怕被拒绝，要抓住每一次机会。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“29-year-oldCaitlinKirbyprintedout17ofherrejectionletters—fromscholarships,academicjournals,andconferences—thenfoldedeachoneintoafan.Sheconnectedtheminrows,andbytheendshedesignedtheitemintoaskirtandworeit.(29岁的CaitlinKirby打印了17封拒绝信——有来自奖学金、学术期刊和会议的——然后把每一封折叠成一个扇子。她把它们连成一排，最后把这件衣服设计成裙子，然后穿在身上)”可知，CaitlinKirby将收到的拒绝信做成了一件裙子。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“APhDstudentinMichigandefendedherpaperwhilewearingaskirtmadeofrejectionlettersshereceivedwhilestudying.(密歇根的一名博士生在她的论文答辩时，她穿着一条裙子，裙子是由她在学习期间收到的拒绝信做成的)”和最后一段““I’mpreparedtoreceiveafewmorerejectionlettersalongtheway,”shejokedheartily,“MaybeI’llmakealongerskirt.”(“我已经准备好再收到几封拒绝信了，”她由衷地开玩笑说，“也许我会做一条更长的裙子。”)”可推知，CaitlinKirby乐观且幽默。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段““Thewholeprocessofrevisitingthoseoldlettersandmakingthatskirtsortofremindedmethatyouhavetoapplytoalotofthingstosucceed,”shesaid.“Anaturalpartoftheprocessistogetrejectedalongtheway.”(“重新审视那些旧信件和制作那条裙子的整个过程提醒我，要想成功，你必须尝试很多事情，”她说。“在这个过程中，被拒绝是很自然的一部分。”)”可知，Caitlin认为人们需要将失败正常化。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“29-year-oldCaitlinKirbyprintedout17ofherrejectionletters—fromscholarships,academicjournals,andconferences—thenfoldedeachoneintoafan.Sheconnectedtheminrows,andbytheendshedesignedtheitemintoaskirtandworeit.(29岁的CaitlinKirby打印了17封拒绝信——有来自奖学金、学术期刊和会议的——然后把每一封折叠成一个扇子。她把它们连成一排，最后把这件衣服设计成裙子，然后穿在身上)”可知，文章主要介绍了芝加哥的一名博士生穿着用自己在学习时收到的拒绝信做成的裙子进行论文答辩，以此来告诉大家不要怕被拒绝，要抓住每一次机会。由此推知，本文是一篇新闻文章。故选A。CIt'sgoodtoshare,right?Growingupaskidswearetoldtoshareourtoysandnotbeselfish.Wealsoliveinanagewherediscussingourfeelingsisencouraged.Butwhendoesitallbecometoomuch?Withnewfashiontrendingallthetime,suchasdancechallengesandwearingapillowasadress,thequestionis:whencansharingbecomeoversharingonsocialmedia?Whatisoversharing?Thetermhasbecomeassociatedwithsocialmedia,butitdoesn'tonlybelongtothisplatform.Imagineyouheadtoapartyandyoumeetsomeone.Withinfiveminutestheyhavegivenawaydetailsabouttheirpersonallife.Whilesomeofusmaytrytoescapethesepeople,accordingtomarriagetherapistCarolynCole,thisformofoversharingcouldcomefromastrongdesiretoconnectwithsomeone.Buthowdoesthistranslatetosocialmedia?Dr.ChristopherHand,alecturerininternetpsychology,saysthemoredetailspeopledisclose,thelesssympathyweexpresswhenthingsgowrong.Thiscouldbeduetoabeliefthatweattractourownnegativeexperiencesthemorewesharethem.Itseemsthattheideaofsearchingforsympathybyoversharing,isgenerallyviewedasnegativeratherthanthecryforhelpitcouldactuallybe.However,DrHand'sresearchalsoseemstosuggestthatthemorepositivepostsweshareonaplatform,themoresociallyattractivewebecome.Evenbackin2015,GwendolynSeidmanPhD,saidthatweshouldavoidcomplainingandbeingnegativeonline.Wearesupposednottoshowoff,asit'snowknown—especiallyaboutourlovelives.Itmakessense—ifyourdateisgoing'thatwell',wouldyoureallyhavetimetoshareaphotowithtext?So,howcanyouknowifyouareoversharing?Well,whynotaskyourfriendsinreallife.Theywouldprobablybemorethanhappytotellyouifyourpostsaboutyourbreakfastoryourcomplaintaboutyourlackofmoneyreallyaretoomuch.8.Whydosomepeopletrytoovershareatparties?A.Becausetheywanttocatchothers'attention.B.Becausetheyjustwanttoshowoffsomething.C.Becausetheyhaveastrongdesiretopourouttheiremotions.D.Becausetheymayexpecttomakeaconnectionwithsomeone.9.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinPara.3mean?A.explore B.expose C.display D.discuss10.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.Wewillbecomemoresociallyattractiveifwepostmoreonaplatform.B.Wetendtoshowsympathywhenthingsgowrong.C.Wemaybeconsiderednegativewhenseekingforsympathybyoversharing.D.Wecanshowoffsomethingpositiveespeciallyaboutourlovelives.11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toinform. B.Toinspire. C.Toadvertise. D.Tocondemn.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今社交媒体上的“过度分享”现象，有人指出有些人在聚会上过度分享，是因为他们可能期望与某人建立联系。但是通过过度分享来寻求同情的想法，似乎通常被认为是消极的。早在2015年，GwendolynSeidman博士就说过，我们应该避免在网上抱怨和消极，也不应该炫耀，尤其是我们的爱情生活。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Whilesomeofusmaytrytoescapethesepeople,accordingtomarriagetherapistCarolynCole,thisformofoversharingcouldcomefromastrongdesiretoconnectwithsomeone.(根据婚姻治疗师CarolynCole的说法，虽然我们中的一些人可能试图逃离这些人，但这种形式的过度分享可能来自与某人建立联系的强烈愿望)”可知，有些人在聚会上过度分享，是因为他们可能期望与某人建立联系。故选D。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“thelesssympathyweexpresswhenthingsgowrong”以及“Itseemsthattheideaofsearchingforsympathybyoversharing,isgenerallyviewedasnegativeratherthanthecryforhelpitcouldactuallybe.”可知，通过过度分享来寻求同情的想法，似乎通常被认为是消极的，所以人们暴露给他人的细节越多，越不容易得到同情。画线词意思为“暴露”。A.explore探索；B.expose暴露；C.display显示；D.discuss讨论。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Itseemsthattheideaofsearchingforsympathybyoversharing,isgenerallyviewedasnegativeratherthanthecryforhelpitcouldactuallybe.(通过过度分享来寻求同情的想法，似乎通常被认为是消极的，而不是被认为是在求助)”可知，当我们通过过度分享来寻求同情时，可能会被认为是消极的。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Withnewfashiontrendingallthetime,suchasdancechallengesandwearingapillowasadress,thequestionis:whencansharingbecomeoversharingonsocialmedia?(随着新时尚的不断流行，比如舞蹈挑战和穿枕头当裙子，问题是中：什么时候在社交媒体上分享会变成过度分享？)”结合文章主要说明了如今社交媒体上的“过度分享”现象，有人指出有些人在聚会上过度分享，是因为他们可能期望与某人建立联系。但是通过过度分享来寻求同情的想法，似乎通常被认为是消极的。早在2015年，GwendolynSeidman博士就说过，我们应该避免在网上抱怨和消极，也不应该炫耀，尤其是我们的爱情生活。可推知，这篇文章的目的是告知有关“过度分享”的信息。故选A。DUntilnow,scientistshaven’tbeenabletostudythenewrockonthemoon.ThenewsamplesfromChang’e5willchangethis.They’refromnearMonsRümker,avolcanicmountainwheretherockisthoughttobemuchyounger--about1billionyearsold.Therearealotofreasonsscientistsareeagertostudythisyoungerrock,oneofwhichisthatitcouldhelpusmorepreciselydatenotonlythemoon,butmanyrockyplanetsandotherobjects.Here’showthatworks:Scientistsdatelunarrockbyusingsomethingcalledachronologycurve（年代学曲线）,saysJollliff,ascientistsatWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis.Basically,theyestimatetheageoftherockbycountingthenumberofcraters（火山口）intheareatherockcomesfrom;thoseincreaseasobjectsstriketherockovertime.Tomakethisestimation,scientistsneedtomatchthenumberofcraterstoapreciseage.Rightnow,theyonlyhavedatapointsforlunarrockthatis3tobillionyearsold.Moderntechniquescandatethenewsampleextremelyaccurately,andoncescientistsknowitspreciseage,theycanaddavaluabledatapointtotheirchronologycurve.Thedatingsystemwillalsohelpusmoreaccuratelyestimatetheageofallsortsofobjectsinspace,likerockyplanetsandothermoons.Anotherreasonscientistsarekeentostudythisyoungvolcanicrockistofindoutmoreabouthowvolcanismworksonthemoon.Jollliffsaysthatit’sunclearwhytherewasvolcanicactivityonthemoonforsuchalongperiodoftime.Mostofthemoon;svolcanicactivity,hesays,isthoughttohaveoccurred3or4billionyearsago,whenthemoonwasstillprettyyoung.Butsincethemoondoesnothaveplatestructure,whichdrivesvolcanismonEarth,it’sunclearwhatcouldhavecausedmuchlatervolcanicactivity.“That’ssomethingthatyoucanfindoutofthesamplesbystudyingtheminthelab,”Jollliffsays.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph1referto?A.Thefactofbeingunabletostudythenewrock.B.ThenewrockfromnearMonsRümker.C.Oneofthereasonstostudythemoon;snewrock.D.Thestudyofthemoon’syoungerrock.13.Scientistsresearchthisyoungerrockbecausetheycan________.A.ensuretherewasvolcanicactivityonthemoon.B.morepreciselydateonlythemoon.C.datelunarrockbyusingachronologycurve.D.explorehowvolcanismworksonthemoon.14.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Scientistsarekeentostudythisyoungvolcanicrock.B.Scientistscan’tknowwhyvolcanicactivityexistsonthemoon.C.Themoon’svolcanicactivityoccurred3or4billionyearsago.D.It’sclearwhatcouldhavecausedmuchlatervolcanicactivity.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Howscientistsstudytheyoungerrock.B.Whytheresearchisimportant.C.Whytheyoungerrockisworthstudying.D.Whatscientistsdotostudytheyoungerrock.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章描述了嫦娥五号使得科学家们对月球上的新岩石有了可能，而研究这种岩石的好处是什么呢?文章一一进行了说明。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段Untilnow,scientistshaven’tbeenabletostudythenewrockonthemoon.(直到现在，科学家们还不能研究月球上的新岩石。)结合划线词所在句“ThenewsamplesfromChang’e5willchangethis.(来自嫦娥5号的新样品将会改变这一点)”可推断，this指的是上文中提到的这个现象，A选项"Thefactofbeingunabletostudythenewrock.(无法研究这种新岩石的事实)"符合题意。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Anotherreasonscientistsarekeentostudythisyoungvolcanicrockistofindoutmoreabouthowvolcanismworksonthemoon.(科学家热衷于研究这些年轻的火山岩的另一个原因是想了解更多关于月球上火山活动的情况)”可知，科学家们研究这些年轻的岩石是因为他们能够探索月球上的火山活动是如何发生的。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butsincethemoondoesnothaveplatestructure,whichdrivesvolcanismonEarth,it’sunclearwhatcouldhavecausedmuchlatervolcanicactivity.(但由于月球没有板块结构，而板块结构是地球上火山活动的驱动因素，所以不清楚是什么导致了很久以后的火山活动。)”可推断，科学家们不知道月球上为什么会有火山活动。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，可知文章首段“Untilnow,scientistshaven’tbeenabletostudythenewrockonthemoon.ThenewsamplesfromChang’e5willchangethis.(直到现在，科学家们还不能研究月球上的新岩石。来自嫦娥5号的新样品将会改变这一点)”引出了话题，关于新岩石的研究，接下来对研究这种岩石的好处进行了解说。因此推断C选项“Whytheyoungerrockisworthstudying(为什么新岩石值得研究)”能够准确概括文章大意，故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。OscarWildeoncesaid,“Manisleasthimselfwhenhetalksinhisownperson.Givehimamask,andhewilltellyouthetruth.”Artprovidesawaytocommunicateexperienceswhenpeoplelackverbalskills._____16_____Arttherapyisfoundedontheassumptionthateveryoneiscreativeandcapableofself-expression.___17___Asarestorativepractice,itallowspeopletoexpressthemselvesinnon-verbalways,suchasdrawingandpainting.Evena45-minutecreativeactivitycanchangeaperson'smentalstate.Workingwithanarttherapistdoesevenmore:_____18_____Youngchildrentypicallydrawandsinganddancewithoutworryingabouttheirabilities.Adults,however,oftenhavecomplexfeelingsaboutartandartmaking.Theybegintoevaluatethequalityoftheirartinsteadoffocusingonself-expressionitself.____19____However,arttherapistscanguidepeopleinexpressingthemselveswithoutconcerningwhethertheirartworkistechnicallybrilliant,sothattheycanconnectorreconnectwiththeartworksthathelpthemdealwithlifechallenges.Whatarearttherapists’superpower?Theycanchanneldangerousthoughtsintoimaginativeartworks.Forinstance,peoplewithviolenttendenciesmightletouttheirangerbyhittinganotherhumanbeing.____20____Theseartisticchoicessatisfythebrain'sdesirefornoveltywithoutcompromisingpersonalsafety.A.Arttherapyisadouble-edgedsword.B.Thus,themanybenefitsofcreativeself-expressionarelost.C.Theydevelopartasanexpressiveskillforsolvingproblems.D.But,obviously,releasingtheirangerinthiswayisn'tagoodchoice.E.Arttherapy,initsownways,caninfluencearangeofhumanfunctioning.F.Itcansignificantlyenhancepositivemoodsandboostmeasuresofwell-being.G.However,witharttherapists’help,theirenergycouldbechangedintocreativeproducts.【答案】16.C17.E18.F19.B20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了艺术疗法的概念以及其作用。【16题详解】根据上文“OscarWildeoncesaid,“Manisleasthimselfwhenhetalksinhisownperson.Givehimamask,andhewilltellyouthetruth.”Artprovidesawaytocommunicateexperienceswhenpeoplelackverbalskills.(王尔德曾经说过：“当人以自己的身份说话时，就越不是他自己。给他一个面具，他就会告诉你真相。”当人们缺乏语言能力时，艺术提供了一种交流经验的方式)”以及最后一段中“Arttherapyisfoundedontheassumptionthateveryoneiscreativeandcapableofself-expression.(艺术疗法建立在每个人都有创造力和自我表达能力的假设上)”可知，上文提到人们把艺术当作一种交流经验的方式，后文则提到艺术疗法建立在自我表达能力的假设上，故本句是在说明人们将艺术发展成了一种表达技巧。C选项中expressive对应后文self-expression。故C选项“他们把艺术发展成一种解决问题的表达技巧”最符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】根据后文“Asarestorativepractice,itallowspeopletoexpressthemselvesinnon-verbalways,suchasdrawingandpainting.Evena45-minutecreativeactivitycanchangeaperson'smentalstate.(作为一种恢复性练习，它允许人们用非语言的方式表达自己，比如绘画。即使是45分钟的创造性活动也能改变一个人的精神状态)”可知，后文提到创造性活动可以改变人的精神状态，即艺术可以影响人的功能。故E选项“艺术疗法，以其自身的方式，可以影响一系列的人类功能”最符合语境，故选E。【18题详解】根据上文“Evena45-minutecreativeactivitycanchangeaperson'smentalstate.Workingwithanarttherapistdoesevenmore(即使是45分钟的创造性活动也能改变一个人的精神状态。与艺术治疗师一起工作甚至可以做得更多)”可知，上文提到创造性活动可以改变人的精神状态，且与艺术治疗师可以做得更多，故本句是在说明艺术还能如何影响人的精神状态。故F选项“它能显著增强积极情绪，提高幸福感”最符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】根据上文“Youngchildrentypicallydrawandsinganddancewithoutworryingabouttheirabilities.Adults,however,oftenhavecomplexfeelingsaboutartandartmaking.Theybegintoevaluatethequalityoftheirartinsteadoffocusingonself-expressionitself.(小孩子通常会画画、唱歌、跳舞，并不担心他们的能力。然而，成年人往往对艺术和艺术创作有复杂的感情。他们开始评估自己的艺术质量，而不是关注自我表现本身)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出成年人更关注自己的艺术质量的结果：创造性自我表达的许多好处就失去了。故B选项“因此，创造性自我表达的许多好处就失去了”最符合语境，故选B。【20题详解】根据上文“Whatarearttherapists’superpower?Theycanchanneldangerousthoughtsintoimaginativeartworks.Forinstance,peoplewithviolenttendenciesmightletouttheirangerbyhittinganotherhumanbeing.(艺术治疗师的超能力是什么？他们可以把危险的想法转化成富有想象力的艺术品。例如，有暴力倾向的人可能会通过打别人来发泄他们的愤怒)”以及后文“Theseartisticchoicessatisfythebrain'sdesirefornoveltywithoutcompromisingpersonalsafety.(这些艺术选择在不损害个人安全的情况下满足了大脑对新奇事物的渴望)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出有暴力倾向的人是如何通过艺术治疗师的帮助，将精力转化成艺术且不伤害别人的，故G选项“然而，在艺术治疗师的帮助下，他们的精力可以转化为创造性的产品”最符合语境，故选G。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Likemanypeople,publicspeakingoncefilledmewithfearAsawriter,Ifeltmuchmore____21____expressingmyselfonthepage,ratherthanonthe____22____.Strangely,Ifoundthatthefeelingsof____23____tobeperfectlytolerable;____24____,Iwasconcernedwiththewaysthatotherswouldperceivemynervousenergy.Aslightchangeof____25____,theunconsciousbitingofmylip—IassuredthatI’dbe____26____foranynom-verbalsignalthatshowedmylackof____27____.Iwasexperiencinganxietyaboutmyanxiety—consequencesthatmadethewholetaskfeelmuchmore____28____.Youmighthave____29____thisyourselfbeforeajobintervieworimportantworkmeetinginfrontofseniorcolleagues.Andthemoreyoutryto____30____yourfeelings,themoreobvioustheyappeartoothers.Accordingtoastrikingnewstudy,however,theseconcernsmaybe____31____.JamieWhitehouse,aresearchfellowatNottinghamTrentUniversityintheUK,hasshownthatvisiblesignsofstressareoften____32____,leavingothersmorelikelytolikeusandtreatus____33____.Ifso,thenweneednottrysohardto____34____acalm-and-collectedpokerface,safeintheknowledgethatpeoplewillrelatewelltoour____35____.21.A.anxious B.comfortable C.cautious D.hesitant22.A.examroom B.videocall C.stagecenter D.teacher’sdesk23.A.burden B.loneliness C.conflict D.anxiety24.A.besides B.instead C.therefore D.otherwise25.A.voice B.appearance C.attitude D.routine26.A.paused B.rejected C.assessed D.warned27.A.knowledge B.experience C.process D.confidence28.A.astonishing B.terrifying C.pressing D.confusing29.A.noticed B.refreshed C.mentioned D.supposed30.A.permit B.declare C.hide D.deserve31.A.practical B.inaccurate C.unpredictable D.unnecessary32.A.appealing B.annoying C.frustrating D.convincing33.A.warmly B.apparently C.curiously D.casually34.A.remind B.require C.wander D.maintain35.A.attention B.expectation C.emotions D.appreciation【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.B25.A26.C27.D28.C29.A30.C31.D32.A33.A34.D35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者恐惧公开演讲，而且害怕别人看出自己紧张和不自信。然而，根据一项引人注目的新研究，这些担忧可能是不必要的。研究指出压力的明显迹象通常很有吸引力，让别人更有可能喜欢我们，热情地对待我们。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名作家，比起站在舞台中央，我更愿意在纸上表达自己。A.anxious焦虑的；B.comfortable舒服的，自在的；C.cautious谨慎的；D.hesitant犹豫的。根据上文“Likemanypeople,publicspeakingoncefilledmewithfear.(和许多人一样，公开演讲曾让我充满恐惧)”可知，作者更喜欢在纸上表达自己，即纸上表达自己更自在。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词短语辨析。句意：作为一名作家，比起站在舞台中央，我更愿意在纸上表达自己。A.examroom考场；B.videocall视频电话；C.stagecenter舞台中央；D.teacher’sdesk老师的课桌。根据上文“Likemanypeople,publicspeakingoncefilledmewithfear.(和许多人一样，公开演讲曾让我充满恐惧)”可知，作者不喜欢公开演讲，站在舞台中央，故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：奇怪的是，我发现焦虑的感觉是完全可以忍受的；相反，我关心的是别人会如何看待我紧张的情绪。A.burden负担；B.loneliness孤独；C.conflict冲突；D.anxiety焦虑。根据后文“otherswouldperceivemynervousenergy”可知，这里指焦虑的感受。故选D。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：奇怪的是，我发现焦虑的感觉是完全可以忍受的；相反，我关心的是别人会如何看待我紧张的情绪。A.besides此外；B.instead相反；C.therefore因此；D.otherwise否则。根据后文“Iwasconcernedwiththewaysthatotherswouldperceivemynervousenergy.”可知，作者可以忍受焦虑的感觉，反而却是别人如何看自己的紧张情绪让作者更加关心，故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：声音的轻微变化，无意识的咬嘴唇——我确信我会被评估任何显示我缺乏自信的非语言信号。A.voice嗓音；B.appearance外表；C.attitude态度；D.routine路线。根据后文“theunconsciousbitingofmylip”可知，这里是在描述作者紧张时的活动，公开演讲肯定是嗓音有变化，故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：声音的轻微变化，无意识的咬嘴唇——我确信我会被评估任何显示我缺乏自信的非语言信号。A.paused暂停；B.rejected拒绝；C.assessed评估；D.warned警告。根据后文“foranynon-verbalsignal”可知，作者确信他人会评估自己缺乏自信的肢体语言。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：声音的轻微变化，无意识的咬嘴唇——我确信我会被评估任何显示我缺乏自信的非语言信号。A.knowledge知识；B.experience经历；C.process过程；D.confidence自信。结合上文可知，作者害怕公开演讲，且担心别人发现自己的紧张情绪，作者会无意识的咬嘴唇，这都是缺乏自信的表现。故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对自己的焦虑感到焦虑——这导致整个任务变得更加紧迫。A.astonishing惊人的；B.terrifying可怕的；C.pressing紧迫的；D.confusing令人困惑的。根据上文“Iwasexperiencinganxietyaboutmyanxiety—consequencesthatmadethewholetaskfeelmuchmore”可知，作者对自己的焦虑感到焦虑——这导致整个任务变得更加紧迫。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在面试或重要的工作会议上，你可能已经在资深同事面前注意到了这一点。A.noticed注意到；B.refreshed使恢复精神；C.mentioned提及；D.supposed认为。根据后文“thisyourselfbeforeajobintervieworimportantworkmeetinginfrontofseniorcolleagues”此处指在面试或重要的工作会议上，在资深同事面前注意到自己的焦虑情绪，故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你越试图隐藏自己的情绪，别人就会越明显地感觉到。A.permit允许；B.declare宣布；C.hide隐藏；D.deserve值得。根据后文“yourfeelings,themoreobvi