安徽省高二名校阶段检测联考2023-2024学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题 含解析

英语考生注意：1.本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4.本卷命题范围：至选择性必修Book1Unit2。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Howdidthewomangettheinspirationtopaintthewall?A.Fromabook.B.Fromapainting.C.Fromafilm.2.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Dosomeshopping.B.Cooklunch.C.Makesomecake.3.Whydoesthewomanrefusetogodancingtonight?A.Shedoesn'tlikedancing.B.Sheplanstogetupearlytomorrow.C.Shewantstovisithergrandmathen.4.Whatisthewoman'sproblem?A.Shehasrunoutofoil.B.Shewillspendmuchonhercarrepairs.C.Itwilltakeaverylongtimetofixhercar.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Weather.B.Acity.C.Anaccident.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdidthemandolastmonth?A.HetravelledaroundDetroit.B.Heattendedasalesmeeting.C.Hewenttoanightschool.7.Wherearethetwospeakers?A.Inabusinesscenter.B.Inaconferencehall.C.Inafitnesscenter.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdidthemandobeforehemetthewoman?A.Helookedforhisphone.B.Hehadadrink.C.Hefocusedonhiswork.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkthemanshouldhavedone?A.Heshouldhavecalledherup.B.Heshouldhavewaitedforher.C.Heshouldhaveapologizedtothepeople.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdidthemanorderforhismother?A.Adrink.B.Somechocolate.C.Acake.11.Whatcouldthewomanprobablybe?A.Awaitress.B.Amanager.C.Aconsumer.12.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Recommendameal.B.Seethemenu.C.TalktoJohn.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13Howdothetwospeakerslikethecoffee?A.Ittastesbad.B.Itisjustsoso.C.Itistotheirtaste.14.Whatisthewoman'sopiniononherlastclass?A.Thrilling.B.Boring.C.Instructive.15.Howistheatmospherewhenthestudentshavediscussionsintheman'sclass?A.Tense.B.Dull.C.Lively.16.Whatdoesthewomanplantodo?A.Sitinontheman'sclass.B.Haveachatwiththeprofessor.C.RegisterforacourseinWorldHistory.听第10段，回答第17至20题。17.WhereisthePhotocopyRoom?A.AcrossfromtheCirculationDesk.B.AcrossfromtheReadingRoom.C.Acrossfromtherestrooms.18.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestthelistenersdointhestudyrooms?A.Dointeractiveactivities.B.Readsometopstories.C.Checkoutbooks.19.Whenwasthelibrarybuilt?A.5yearago.B.Onedecadeago.C.Twodecadesago.20.Whatisthespeakergoingtodonext?A.Introducesomebooks.BAnswerthelisteners'questions.C.Showsomenewspapersandmagazines.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。APeopleareobsessed(对……着迷)withappsthesedays.Whetherthey’regoodorbad,someappscanreallymakeourlifeeasier.Therearesomeappsthatcanmakeyourlifeeasierandhappier.RelaxMelodiesStressisaninevitable(不可避免的)partoflife.Whenyoudon’tknowhowtodealwithstressinahealthyway,itcancausemanyhealthissues,includinganxietyanddepression.Thisappfeaturesrelaxingsoundsthathelpyoufightstressandfallasleepfaster.Itcanhelpyourbabytosleepbetteraswell.Thesoundsareperfectforyogaandmassagesessions,too.Ifyouarelookingtoimproveyourhealth,givethisappatry.FitbitTheFitbitappwillhelpyouliveahealthierlifeandbemoreactivethroughouttheday.Ithelpstowatchyourcalorieintake,keepyourweightundercontrol,keeptrackofyourdailyactivities,followyourtrainingprogram,achieveyourfitnessandweight-lossgoals,andmanymore,Youcaninviteyourfamilymembers,friendsorcoworkerstojoinandcompetewiththem.Theappisfree.PocketExpensePersonalFinanceKeeptrackofyourspending,monitoringallyourfinancialaccounts,trackallyourbills，reachyoursavingsgoalsandoverallkeepyourbudgetundercontrolwiththisapp.Theapphelpsyoutoseehowmuchmoneyisleft.Itcanteachyoutoshopwiselyandbudgetyourmoneymoreefficiently.GrouponTheGrouponapphelpstogetdealsfor50%—70%offthemostpopularstufftosee,doandpurchasethingsinover500citiesworldwide.Youcansaveonalmosteverythingwhiletravelingaroundtheworld.Thisappisamust-haveforwisebuyers.1.HowcanRelaxMelodiesbenefitpeople?A.Byhelpingpeopledealwithhardtasks.B.Bykeepingtrackofpeople’sdailyactivities.C.Bygettingpeopletofeelcalmwithsounds.D.Byimprovingpeople’sleveltoappreciatemusic.2.Whichofthefollowingappscanassistyouifyouwishtogetthingsatadiscount?A.Fitbit. B.Groupon.C.RelaxMelodies. D.PocketExpensePersonalFinance.3.WhydopeoplechoosetheappPocketExpensePersonalFinance?A.Itcanmakeyourelaxed.B.Itcanhelpyoukeepinshape.C.Itcanhelpyouspendmoneymorereasonably.D.Itcantellyouwheretobuyhigh-qualitygoods.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些能让我们的生活更加轻松、快乐的APP。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据RelaxMelodies中的“Stressisaninevitable(不可避免的)partoflife.Whenyoudon’tknowhowtodealwithstressinahealthyway,itcancausemanyhealthissues,includinganxietyanddepression.Thisappfeaturesrelaxingsoundsthathelpyoufightstressandfallasleepfaster.(压力是生活中不可避免的一部分。当你不知道如何以健康的方式处理压力时，它会导致许多健康问题，包括焦虑和抑郁。这个应用程序的特点是放松的声音，帮助你对抗压力，更快入睡。)”可知，这个应用程序可以通过放松的声音帮助人们对抗压力，感到平静。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Groupon中的“TheGrouponapphelpstogetdealsfor50%-70%offthemostpopularstufftosee,doandpurchasethingsinover500citiesworldwide.(团购网站Groupon的应用程序可以在全球500多个城市提供最受欢迎的景点、活动和购物优惠，折扣为5-7折。)”可知，Groupon这个程序可以帮助人们在购物时享受折扣。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据PocketExpensePersonalFinance中的“Keeptrackofyourspending,monitoringallyourfinancialaccounts,trackallyourbills，reachyoursavingsgoalsandoverallkeepyourbudgetundercontrolwiththisapp.Theapphelpsyoutoseehowmuchmoneyisleft.Itcanteachyoutoshopwiselyandbudgetyourmoneymoreefficiently.(跟踪你的支出，监控你所有的财务账户，跟踪你所有的账单，达到你的储蓄目标，总体上控制你的预算。这个应用程序可以帮助你看到还有多少钱。它可以教你明智地购物，更有效地预算你的钱。)”可知，PocketExpensePersonalFinance这个程序可以帮助人们更合理地花钱。故选C。BCharlieChaplinBritishcomedian(喜剧演员),producer,writer,directorandcomposer,iswidelyregardedasthegreatestcomicartistofthescreenandoneofthemostimportantfiguresinthefilmhistory.Chaplinwasnamedafterhisfather,aBritishentertainer.Hespenthisearlychildhoodwithhismother,thesingerHannahHall,aftersheandhisfatherseparated,andhetooktheplaceofhismentallyunstablemothertoappearonthestage.However,heandhismotherweresoonseparatedfromeachotherbecausethesickHallwassenttoahospital.Then,Charliewassenttoaseriesofboardingschools.Usinghismother’sshow-businesscontacts,Charliebecameaprofessionalentertainerin1897whenhebecameamemberoftheEightLancashireLads,adancinggroup.HisearlystagecharactersincludeasmallroleinWilliamGillette'sSherlockHolmes(1899).WhiletouringAmericawiththeKarnocompanyin1913,ChaplinwassignedtoappearinMackSennett’sKeystonecomedyfilms.ThoughMakingaLiving(1914)wasnotthefailurethathistorianshaveclaimed,Chaplin’sfirstscreencharacterdidnotshowhimtothebestadvantage.Tocomeupwithamoreworkablescreenimage,Chaplincreatedanoutfitconsistingofatoo-smallcoat,too-largepantsandawalkingstick.Asafinishingtouch,heputonamustache(胡子).ItwasinhissecondKeystonefilm,KidAutoRacesatVenice(1914),thatChaplin’sclassicscreencharacter,“theLittleTramp(流浪汉)”,wasborn.Intruth,Chaplindidnotalwaysportrayatramp;inmanyofhisfilmshischaracterwasemployedasawaiter,storeclerk,fireman,andthelike.ButtheTramp’sattractionwasuniversal:audienceslovedhischeekiness(厚脸皮),unexpectedbraveryandespeciallyhisrecoveryinthefaceofdifficultieswhichmovedtheaudiencemost.SomehistorianshavetracedtheTramp’soriginstoChaplin’sDickensianchildhoodwhileothershavesuggestedthatthecharacterhaditsrootsinthemottoofChaplin’steacher,FredKarno,“Keepiteager,gentlemen,keepiteager”.Whateverthecase,withinmonthsafterhisnoviewason,Chaplinwasthescreen’sbiggeststar.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutChaplin’smother?A.Shehadamentaldisease.B.Shewassenttoahospitalduetoaninjury.C.Sheaccidentallylosthershow-businesscontacts.D.Sheearnedalargeamountofmoneybysingingsongs.5.WhendidChaplinappearastheLittleTrampinafilm?A.In1897. B.In1899. C.In1913. D.In1914.6.WhichaspectoftheTrampmovedtheaudiencemost?A.Hisabilitytorecoverfromdifficulties.B.Hisuniqueandseriousappearance.C.Hisactionwithawalkingstick.D.Hisspeciallearningexperience.7.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.ThevalueoftheTramp. B.ThesourcesoftheTramp.C.TheexperiencesoftheTramp. D.ThecharacteristicsoftheTramp.【答案】4.A5.D6.A7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。查理·卓别林是英国喜剧演员、制片人、作家、导演和作曲家，被广泛认为是银幕上最伟大的喜剧艺术家，也是电影史上最重要的人物之一，文章对其生平进行了介绍。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和第三句“Hespenthisearlychildhoodwithhismother,thesingerHannahHall,aftersheandhisfatherseparated,andhetooktheplaceofhismentallyunstablemothertoappearonthestage.However,heandhismotherweresoonseparatedfromeachotherbecausethesickHallwassenttoahospital.(他的母亲是歌手汉娜·霍尔，在她和父亲分居后，他和母亲一起度过了童年，他代替精神不稳定的母亲出现在舞台上。然而，他和他的母亲很快就分开了，因为生病的霍尔被送往医院。)”可知，卓别林的母亲有精神疾病。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“ItwasinhissecondKeystonefilm,KidAutoRacesatVenice(1914),thatChaplin’sclassicscreencharacter,“theLittleTramp(流浪汉)”,wasborn.(在他的第二部电影《威尼斯儿童赛车》（1914）中，卓别林的经典银幕角色“小流浪汉”诞生了。)”可知，卓别林是1914年在电影中扮演小流浪汉的。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段最后一句“ButtheTramp’sattractionwasuniversal:audienceslovedhischeekiness(厚脸皮),unexpectedbraveryandespeciallyhisrecoveryinthefaceofdifficultieswhichmovedtheaudiencemost.(但流浪汉的吸引力是普遍的：观众喜欢他的厚颜无耻，意想不到的勇敢，尤其是他在困难面前的恢复，这最打动观众。)”可知，“流浪汉”从困难中恢复的能力最打动观众。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段第一句“SomehistorianshavetracedtheTramp’soriginstoChaplin’sDickensianchildhood,whileothershavesuggestedthatthecharacterhaditsrootsinthemottoofChaplin’steacher,FredKarno,“Keepiteager,gentlemen,keepiteager”.(一些历史学家将流浪汉的起源追溯到卓别林狄更斯式的童年，而另一些人则认为这个角色源于卓别林老师弗雷德·卡诺的座右铭：“保持热情，先生们，保持热情”。)”可知，最后一段主要是讲“流浪汉”的来源。故选B。CManypeoplemaybesufferingfrom“plantblindness”,mainlybecausetheydon’tspendenoughtimeinthegreatoutdoors,anewstudysuggests.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofExetersaythephenomenon(现象)basicallyinvolvedalackofawarenessandappreciationofnativeplants.Studyauthorexplainsthathumansarenotnaturallybadatunderstandingplants,andthatplantblindnessis“curable”throughpeople’sclosecontactwithplants.Forthestudy,researchersread326articlespublishedinacademicjournals.Mostofthemshowedpeopleweremoreinterestedinandpaidmoreattentiontoinformationaboutanimalsandplants.However,theydidnotfindevidencethatthisisaninborn(天生的)humancharacteristic.Instead,itseemstobetheresultofourlessexperiencewithnatureinurbanizedenvironments.Nowadays,ourincreasedrelianceonurbanservicesandcasheconomiesmeansthatexploringplantsdoesnotseemtobeindispensabletous,makingusstrangetoplants.Studyshoweditwascommonforchildren,especiallyyoungerkids,toconsiderplantsnotasgoodasanimalsandnottobeabletoidentifymanyspecies.Theteamalsofoundadifferenceinplantawarenessamongteachersandstudents,particularlyprimaryschoolteacherswhodidnotstudysciencefurtheratcollege.Olderpeoplehadabetterunderstandingofplants,whichmightbebecausetheyweremorelikelytohavenature-relatedhobbies.Researchersnotethatmodernizationorurbanizationhasanegativeimpactonourplantknowledge.Goingtoworkandschoolalsoreducesthetimewespendinthenaturalenvironment.Thosefactorsalsoreducethetimewespendwithfamily,indicatinggrandparentsdonotpassonsomuchknowledgeaboutplantstotheirgrandchildren.“Peoplelivinginhighlyindustrialcountrieshaveaplantattentionshortageduetoadeclineinrelevantexperiencewithplants,”saysstudyauthorDr.BethanStagg.“Peoplelivinginruralcommunitiesinlow-and-middle-incomecountriesaremorelikelytohavegreatplantknowledgeduetomoredependenceonnaturalresources.Interestingly,economicdevelopmentdoesn’tnecessarilyleadtotheknowledgebeinglostifcommunitiesstillhaveaccesstobio-diverse(生物多样性的)environments.Thekeyistoshowsomedirectbenefitsofplantstopeopleinsteadoftheindirectbenefits,”Dr.BethanStaggadds.8.Whatcanweknowaboutplantblindnessaccordingtothestudy?A.Itisduetopeople’slimitedcontactwithplants.B.Itisaninbornhumancharacteristic.C.Itiscommonamongolderpeople.D.Itisfarfromcurable.9.Whatisthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword“indispensable”inparagraph2?A.Harmful. B.Friendly. C.Invisible. D.Necessary.10.Whatisthemaintopicofthefourthparagraph?A.Waysofpassingdownplantknowledgetolatergenerations.B.Negativeimpactofmodernizationontheenvironment.C.Significanceofcommunicatingwithfamilymembers.D.Causesofpeople'slackofplantknowledge.11.WhichisDr.BethanStagg’spointofviewinthelastparagraph?A.Thekeytoavoiding“plantblindness”istoshowtheindirectbenefitsofplantknowledge.B.Peoplelivinginruralcommunitiesarelesslikelytohavegreatplantknowledge.C.Peopleinhighlyindustrialcountriesusuallyhavelessknowledgeaboutplants.D.Urbanizationcanmakepeoplepaymoreattentiontobiodiversity.【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。主要讲述了什么是“植物失明”，产生的原因。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Manypeoplemaybesufferingfrom“plantblindness”,mainlybecausetheydon’tspendenoughtimeinthegreatoutdoors,anewstudysuggests.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofExetersaythephenomenon(现象)basicallyinvolvedalackofawarenessandappreciationofnativeplants.Studyauthorexplainsthathumansarenotnaturallybadatunderstandingplants,andthatplantblindnessis“curable”throughpeople’sclosecontactwithplants.(一项新的研究表明，许多人可能患有“植物失明”，主要是因为他们没有花足够的时间在户外活动。埃克塞特大学的研究人员表示，这种现象基本上与缺乏对本土植物的认识和欣赏有关。研究作者解释说，人类并不是天生就不善于理解植物，植物盲症是可以通过人们与植物的密切接触而“治愈”的)”可知，关于“植物失明”是由于人们有限的接触植物引起的。故选A项。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据前文“Mostofthemshowedpeopleweremoreinterestedinandpaidmoreattentiontoinformationaboutanimalsandplants.However,theydidnotfindevidencethatthisisaninborn(天生的)humancharacteristic.Instead,itseemstobetheresultofourlessexperiencewithnatureinurbanizedenvironments.(大多数调查显示，人们对动植物信息更感兴趣，也更关注。然而，他们没有发现证据表明这是人类天生的特征。相反，这似乎是我们在城市化环境中与自然接触较少的结果)”可知，虽然人们关注动植物信息，但是没有发现证据表明这是人类天生的特征，所以这意味着探索植物似乎对我们来说不是必不可少的，推知indispensable意为“不可或缺的”之意，和D项Necessary意思相近。故选D项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Researchersnotethatmodernizationorurbanizationhasanegativeimpactonourplantknowledge.Goingtoworkandschoolalsoreducesthetimewespendinthenaturalenvironment.Thosefactorsalsoreducethetimewespendwithfamily,indicatinggrandparentsdonotpassonsomuchknowledgeaboutplantstotheirgrandchildren.(研究人员指出，现代化或城市化对我们的植物知识有负面影响。上班和上学也减少了我们在自然环境中度过的时间。这些因素也减少了我们与家人在一起的时间，这表明祖父母没有把那么多关于植物的知识传给他们的孙子孙女)”可知，本段主要讲述了人们对植物知识淡漠的原因。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Peoplelivinginhighlyindustrialcountrieshaveaplantattentionshortageduetoadeclineinrelevantexperiencewithplants,”saysstudyauthorDr.BethanStagg.(“生活在高度工业化国家的人们缺乏对植物的关注，因为他们对植物的相关经验减少了，”研究作者BethanStagg博士说)”可知，BethanStagg博士的观点是高度工业化国家的人们通常对植物知之甚少。故选C项。DTOKYO-Japanmarkedthe78thanniversaryoftheatomicbombinginitswesterncityofHiroshima(广岛)onAugust6thamidgrowingcallsforTokyotoreflectoncrimestheJapanesearmycommittedduringWorldWarII.AtamemorialceremonyheldatthePeaceMemorialPark,HiroshimaMayorKazumiMatsuideliveredthePeaceDeclaration,urgingworldleaderstostopbelievinginthetheorythatnuclearweaponscanpreventwar.“Theymustimmediatelytakeconcretestepstoleadusfromthedangerouspresenttowardouridealworld,”saidMatsui,whoalsourgedpolicymakersto“movetowardasecuritysystembasedontrustthroughdialogueinpursuitofcivilsocietyideals”.“Mistrustanddivisionareontherise,”warnedUnitedNationsSecretary-GeneralAntonioGuterresinhismessagereadoutattheceremony.Amomentofsilencewasobservedat8:15amlocaltime,theexactmomentwhenanatomicbombdroppedfromaUSbomberandexplodedoverthecityonAug.6,1945,killingaround140,000peoplebytheendofthatyear.Attheeventwhichabout50,000peopleattended,Matsuiplacedinamonumentalistofthenamesof339,227victims,including5,320deathsconfirmedlastyear.“JapanmustimmediatelysigntheTreaty(条约)ontheProhibitionofNuclearWeapons,”MatsuinotedinthePeaceDeclaration,furtherurgingthegovernmenttoheedthewishesofsurvivorsfromthebombingandthepeace-lovingJapanesepeople.ThenumberofsurvivorsofthetwoatomicbombingsincludingNagasakiwithanaverageageofover85,hasdroppedby5,346fromayearearlierto113,649asofMarch,accordingtotheMinistryofHealth,LaborandWelfare.JapanesePrimeMinisterFumioKishidaspokeattheceremony,sayinganatomicbombmademorethan100,000losetheirliveswithoutmentioningwhetherJapanwouldsignthetreaty,letalone(更不用说)thehistoricalbackgroundoftheatomicbombingofHiroshima.TheprimeministerwascriticizedforhostingtheGroupofSevenleaders'summitinHiroshimainMay.WhileJapaninwardlylooksatthetragediesitexperiencedattheendofWWII,historiansandpoliticalmindsoftheinternationalcommunityhaveencouragedJapantocometoseeitselfnotonlyasavictimoftheatomicbombingsbutalsoasthecriminal(罪犯)whowasinvolvedinthesetragicincidentsinthefirstplace.12.Whywasthemomentofsilencewasobservedat8:15amlocaltime?A.ItwasthetimewhentheatomicbombinghappenedinHiroshima.B.ItwasthetimewhentheatomicbombinghappenedinNagasaki.C.ItwasthetimewhentheUSbomberreachedJapan.D.ItwasthetimewhentheUSbombertookoff.13.Whatisthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword“heed”inparagraph4?A.Makefunof. B.Putupwith. C.Takedelightin. D.Payattentionto.14.WhatdidJapanesePrimeMinistermentioninhisspeech?A.Japan'ssigningthetreaty.B.Theresultoftheatomicbombing.C.Americashouldmakeupfortheloss.D.Thebackgroundoftheatomicbombing.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthenewsreport?A.NumberofsurvivorsoftwoatomicbombingsdropsinJapanB.Japan—avictimofatomicbombingsthatkillsomanypeopleC.Japanmarks78thanniversaryofatomicbombingofHiroshimaD.HiroshimaMayorexpressesnuclearweaponscan'tpreventwar【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述日本8月6日在其西部城市广岛举行了原子弹爆炸78周年纪念活动。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Amomentofsilencewasobservedat8:15amlocaltime,theexactmomentwhenanatomicbombdroppedfromaUSbomberandexplodedoverthecityonAug.6,1945,killingaround140,000peoplebytheendofthatyear.(当地时间上午8时15分默哀一分钟,这个时间正是1945年8月6日，从美国投下的原子弹掉落并在这个城市上空引爆的时刻,截止到那年年底约有14万人死亡)”可知，选择这个时间默哀是因为这是炸弹在广岛爆炸的时刻。故选A。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段划线部分所在的句子““JapanmustimmediatelysigntheTreaty(条约)ontheProhibitionofNuclearWeapons,”MatsuinotedinthePeaceDeclaration,furtherurgingthegovernmenttoheedthewishesofsurvivorsfromthebombingandthepeace-lovingJapanesepeople.(“日本必须立即签署禁止核武器条约，”松井在《和平宣言》中指出，进一步敦促日本政府听取轰炸幸存者和爱好和平的日本人民的愿望)”可知，heed在句中的意思是关注的意思，A.Makefunof取笑；B.Putupwith容忍；C.Takedelightin以……为乐；D.Payattentionto关注。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“JapanesePrimeMinisterFumioKishidaspokeattheceremony,sayinganatomicbombmademorethan100,000losetheirliveswithoutmentioningwhetherJapanwouldsignthetreaty,letalone(更不用说)thehistoricalbackgroundoftheatomicbombingofHiroshima.(日本首相基田信夫在仪式上,说原子弹爆炸造成超过10万人丧生，没有提到日本是否会签署该条约,更不用说广岛原子弹爆炸的历史背景了)”可知，日本首相基田信夫在演讲中提到了原子弹爆炸的后果。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“TOKYO-Japanmarkedthe78thanniversaryoftheatomicbombinginitswesterncityofHiroshima(广岛)onAugust6thamidgrowingcallsforTokyotoreflectoncrimestheJapanesearmycommittedduringWorldWarII.(东京——随着要求日本政府反省二战期间日军犯下的罪行的呼声越来越高，日本于8月6日在其西部城市广岛举行了原子弹爆炸78周年纪念活动)”可知，本文主要讲述日本8月6日在其西部城市广岛举行了原子弹爆炸78周年纪念活动。故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。NEEDAGOODADVENTUREAdventuresexpandourworldbyallowingustoengagewith(与……互动)ourselvesandothersinanewway.Readyforyouradventure?____16____.StartsmallPickamanageableactivityyoucandosoon—thisweekend—closetoyourhome.Thiswillbreakyourinactivityandhelpyoubuilduptobiggeradventures.____17____.Andyoucanhandleit.ChangehowyouviewanxietyResearchfromHarvardUniversityshowsthatpeoplewhointerpretedtheirnervousnessaboutactivitiessuchaskaraokesingingandpublicspeakingasexcitementenjoyedtheexperiencesmoreandperformedbetterthanthosewhotriedtopressdowntheiranxiety._____18_____UseyourimaginationYoumaypicturetheworst-casescene:Sayyouwanttogoonahikebutareworriedyou’llbecomelost,hurtortooexhaustedtogethome.Next,youshouldimaginethebest-casescene:Thebeautifulview,thefunyou’llhave,andyoursenseofaccomplishmentafterward.____19____Thinkofitasanuplifttalk.Startbyaddressingyourfear,“Iknowyou’renervous.Thisisnormalbecauseyou’releavingyourcomfortzone.”Thenwriteabouttheskillsyouhaveandthepastexperiencesthatwentwell.Thepointistoensureyourfeelingsandremindyourselfthateventhoughyoufeelnervous,youcanhandlethis.RelaxabouttheresultIfyoucoulddothiswholethingperfectly,itwouldnotbetheadventureyou’relookingfor.Remember:Whateverhappens,itshouldmakeagoodstory.____20____.Itwillhelpyoustopcomplainingnow.Andyou’llfeelconnectedtoothers.A.Here’ssomeadviceB.WriteyourselfaletterC.Don’tblameotherpeopleD.YourculturalbackgroundsmaygiveyouaspiritofadventureE.Thischangedtheirfearintoanopportunitymindset(思维模式)F.ImagininghowfunitwillbetotellyourfriendsaboutyouradventurousstorylaterG.Takinggradualstepsteachesyourbrainthattheexperienceisnotasbadasyouexpected【答案】16.A17.G18.E19.B20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些建议帮助我们开始一段冒险。【16题详解】根据空前“Readyforyouradventure?(准备好冒险了吗?)”可知，上文引出冒险这一主题；而下文内容则介绍了一些如何冒险的建议。选项A“Here’ssomeadvice(这里有一些建议)”承上启下，符合上下文内容。故选A。【17题详解】根据空前内容“Thiswillbreakyourinactivityandhelpyoubuilduptobiggeradventures.(这将打破你的惰性，帮助你建立更大的冒险。)”可知，小的冒险会帮助你建立更大的冒险。选项G“Takinggradualstepsteachesyourbrainthattheexperienceisnotasbadasyouexpected(循序渐进地告诉你的大脑，这段经历并不像你想象的那么糟糕)”与上文内容相一致，通过循序渐进的方法可以让自己慢慢建立更大的冒险。故选G。【18题详解】根据空前内容“ResearchfromHarvardUniversityshowsthatpeoplewhointerpretedtheirnervousnessaboutactivitiessuchaskaraokesingingandpublicspeakingasexcitementenjoyedtheexperiencesmoreandperformedbetterthanthosewhotriedtopressdowntheiranxiety.(哈佛大学的研究表明，那些将自己对卡拉ok和公开演讲等活动的紧张情绪解释为兴奋的人，比那些试图压制焦虑情绪的人更享受这些经历，表现也更好。)”可知，上文主要讲述的是如何改变对焦虑的看法。选项E“Thischangedtheirfearintoanopportunitymindset(思维模式)(这将他们的恐惧转变为机遇心态。)”是上文内容的自然延续，讲述的是这些人可以将恐惧转变成机遇。故选E。【19题详解】空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Thinkofitasanuplifttalk.Startbyaddressingyourfear,“Iknowyou’renervous.Thisisnormalbecauseyou’releavingyourcomfortzone.”Thenwriteabouttheskillsyouhaveandthepastexperiencesthatwentwell.Thepointistoensureyourfeelingsandremindyourselfthateventhoughyoufeelnervous,youcanhandlethis.(就当这是一次鼓舞人心的谈话吧。从解决你的恐惧开始，“我知道你很紧张。这很正常，因为你要离开自己的舒适区。”然后写下你所拥有的技能和过去顺利的经历。关键是要确保你的感觉，并提醒自己，即使你感到紧张，你也能处理好。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是写封信给自己，解决自己的恐惧。选项B“Writeyourselfaletter(给自己写封信)”正是本段主要内容。故选B。【20题详解】根据上文“Remember:Whateverhappens,itshouldmakeagoodstory.(记住：无论发生什么，都应该是一个好故事。)”可知，冒险的结果不管是什么都会是个好故事。选项F“Imagininghowfunitwillbetotellyourfriendsaboutyouradventurousstorylater(想象一下以后跟你的朋友讲述你的冒险故事会有多有趣)”既延续了上文内容，同时也和下文“Itwillhelpyoustopcomplainingnow.Andyou’llfeelconnectedtoothers.(这会帮助你停止抱怨。你会觉得和别人有联系。)”保持一致。故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Christmaswasapproaching.Istillhadn’tpreparedagiftformywifeDonna.However,Donnawasgoodat____21____things,andshewouldhave____22____giftsforeveryonelongbeforeChristmas.WehadjustmovedtoItalyandwerestill____23____.WhileDonnawasawayonbusiness,Icontinuedworkingonthe____24____sothatwecouldliveinitcomfortably.IalsocaredforPrincess,Donna’sbelovedcat.Oneday,sherushedoutandwasgone!NorthernItalyisusually____25____warm,soshewouldn’t____26____.Butshemighthavetohandleferal(野生的)cats.Ourholidayswouldbe____27____ifPrincesswasn’tbackbeforeChristmas.Therefore,Imadeaposterwitha(n)____28____ofPrincess,ahurrieddrawingandapromisedpayback.Soon,peoplevisitedmewithvariousferalcatsbecauseofmyuncleardrawingorthe____29____Ioffered,Icouldnever______30______ahungryanimal.Somanycatsmovedintoouryardsoon.Donna’sdailycallscontinued,andsodidmydailyvisits.Istilldidn’tmentionthe______31______.DonnafinallyreturnedandshowedmethegiftsforPrincessaswedrovehome,while______32______consideredhowto______33______thenews.Whenapproachingourhome,Donnashouted,“YougivemethebestChristmasgift!”Iwas______34______.Lookingaround,IsawPrincessplayingwithothercatsinouryard!ThenIrealizedDonnamisunderstoodmy______35______.Anyway,thatwashowIavoidedthepossibleblameandgaveDonnaaChristmasgiftatthelastminuteagain.21.A.decorating B.recycling C.evaluating D.planning22.A.thoughtful B.cheap C.common D.similar23.A.exercising B.unpacking C.wandering D.arguing24.A.library B.house C.store D.clinic25.A.horribly B.abnormally C.reasonably D.rarely26.A.freeze B.escape C.starve D.move27.A.replaced B.advocated C.ruined