专题02 家庭、朋友与周围的人（词汇+句式+范文）

话题二家庭、朋友与周围的人一．话题词汇【家人与亲人】1.家庭；亲属____________ 2.父亲____________ 3.母亲____________ 4.父(母)亲____________5.(外)祖父____________ 6.(外)祖母____________7.(外)祖父(母)____________ 8.姐；妹____________9.兄；弟____________ 10.叔父；舅父；伯父____________11.婶母；姑母；伯母____________ 12.堂(表)兄弟；堂(表)姐妹____________13.儿子____________ 14.女儿____________15.(外)孙子____________ 16.(外)孙女____________17.丈夫____________ 18.妻子____________19.婴儿____________ 20.亲属；亲戚____________【朋友、邻居与周围的人】1.友谊____________ 2.邻居____________3.同学/桌____________ 4.队友____________5.笔友____________ 6.成员；会员____________7.英雄____________ 8.绅士____________9.陌生人____________ 10.先锋；先驱____________11.小孩；儿童____________ 12.客人；宾客____________13.班长____________ 14.校长____________15.同意____________ 16.成功____________17.能够____________ 18.完美的____________19.有礼貌的____________ 20.富裕的____________21.有趣的____________二．话题句式1.Hisfatherisaman________________________.他的父亲是一个40岁的人。2.Wesharealotofthings____________，suchas...我们有很多共同之处，比如……3.Heis________________________thanhissister.他比他妹妹大3岁。4.I'mvery____________forallthathehas____________forme.我非常感激他为我做的一切。5.Ithinkgoodfriendsshouldnotonlyhelpeachotherbutalsoshare____________and____________together.Ibelievethat“Afriendinneedisafriend____________.”我认为好朋友不仅要互相帮助，而且要共同分享幸福与悲伤。我相信“患难见真情”。6.I'dlearnedalotfromthemand____________great____________inmylessons.我从他们身上学到很多，并且在我的功课方面取得了很大的进步。7.As____________asItrymybestwiththespiritofnot____________up，everythingwillbeOK.只要我抱着不放弃的信念，尽我最大的努力，一切都会变好。8.LiMing____________toomuchtime____________computergames.李明花了太多的时间玩电脑游戏。9.We're____________tosaythankstothosewhohelpuswhenwe'rein____________.我们应该对那些在我们遇到困难时帮助我们的人说谢谢。10.Heisnotonlyeasy­going____________oneofthebeststudentsinmyclass.他不仅为人随和，而且是我班上最好的学生之一。11.Withthehelpof...,Imadegreatprogressin...在……的帮助下，我在……方面取得了很大进步。12.WhenI'min____________,shealways____________metoface____________andcheersmeup.当我遇到困难时，她总是鼓励我面对困难，让我振作起来。13.I'malwaysfullof____________inmystudybecauseIknowsheisalways____________me.我总是对我的学习充满信心，因为我知道她总是在我身后。一每个人都有自己的朋友，朋友是我们生活的“必需品”。请你根据下列图示提供的信息，写一篇短文，介绍一个你最好的朋友和你们的之间故事。提示：1.短文应包括图示中的全部信息，条理清楚，行文连贯，段落分明；2．短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名；3．词数不少于80，开头已给出，不计人总词数。MybestfriendEveryoneneedsfriends.Ihaveabestfriend.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，可以提取以下信息：1.写作时以第三人称为主，介绍过去的情况时用一般过去时，介绍目前的情况时用一般现在时；2．由图示的提示信息从朋友的外貌性格及我们俩之间的故事写起，最后点题总结；3．词数不少于80，开头已经给出，不计入总词数。不能出现真实的人名和地名。【写作模板】【高分范文】MybestfriendEveryoneneedsfriends.Ihaveabestfriend.HisnameisJack.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Gradually,Ibecomemoreoutgoingandmygradesarebetterthanbefore.Thankyou,Jack.Youaremybestfriendforever.二亲爱的同学，在你的初中生活中，总会与有些同学成为朋友。请以“MyBestFriendandI”为题，并根据下面的图表信息，写一篇英语短文。内容包括：你最好的朋友是谁、你们是怎么成为朋友的、你们有什么相同点和不同点。提示：1.短文应包括图表中的全部信息，条理清楚，行文连贯；2.短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名；3.词数不少于80，开头已给出，不计入总词数。MyBestFriendandIWearegraduatingfrommiddleschoolsoon.Imisssomanygoodfriends,especiallymybestfriendJeff._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ihopehewillhaveabrightfutureandthatourfriendshipwilllastforalifetime.真题训练（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）我们的生活丰富多彩，每个家庭都发生过一些有趣的事，请选择一件用英语写一篇短文，与我们分享。写作要求：（1）文中不得出现任何真实信息（姓名、校名和地名等）；（2）语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整；（3）词数不少于80词。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2023·贵州·统考中考真题）请结合下图内容及提示，以“My__________FamilyMemory”为题，根据写作要求，写一篇不少于80词的短文。describethememoryWhathappened?Whendidithappen?Whowasinthememory?expressyourfeelingsoropinionsWhatdoyouthinkofit?Whydoyouthinkso?写作要求：1.结合实际，用适当的形容词补全标题。2.短文须包含图中所有信息，并适当拓展。3.文中不能出现真实的人名和校名。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2023·四川乐山·统考中考真题）2022年1月生效的《家庭教育促进法》规定：未成年人的父母或其他监护人应该重视家庭教育，关心孩子身心健康。对于此规定，作为学生的你有话想说。请你给校英语专栏写一篇短文，对父母提出建议并表明观点。内容包括：1.多花时间陪我们，如教做家务、一起玩耍等；2.帮助我们养成好的习惯；3.常与我们沟通谈心；4.信任我们并保护我们的隐私。注意：1.词数80词左右；开头已给出，不计入总词数；2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；3.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校等信息。参考词汇：physicalandmentalhealth身心健康；privacyn.隐私Accordingtothelaw“FamilyEducationPromotion”,parentsorotherguardiansofminorsshouldberesponsibleforfamilyeducation.Itasksparentstopayattentiontochildren’sphysicalandmentalhealth.Herearemysuggestionsforparents.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2023·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）学校英语角即将开展一次以“朋友”为主题的演讲活动，请你写一篇演讲稿参加活动，包括以下内容：1.你最好的朋友是什么样的？2.你的朋友曾给予过你什么？3.你准备为你的朋友做什么？词数90左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；文中不能透露考生身份的任何信息。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【2020•黑龙江哈尔滨】80.假如你是中学生李平，曾经在你们班学习的交换生Peter看了你发布的朋友圈，他对你们班上周举行的主题班会很感兴趣。请你根据以下信息给他写一封信，向他介绍班会的情况并和他交流一下中学生如何才能实现自己的理想。写作要点：1.班会的主题：我的理想2.介绍你和几名同学的理想：（1）赵勇：想成为一名勇敢的警察；（2）张红：想做一名志愿者；（3）你：想成为一名优秀的医生。3.说说中学生如何才能实现（realize）自己的理想（ideal）。写作要求：1.不得使用真实的姓名和学校名。2.可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。3.字迹工整、语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。4.至少80词。Dearpeter,I'mwritingtotellyousomethingabouttheclassmeetingheldlastweek.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestwishes!Yours,LiPing

话题二家庭、朋友与周围的人一．话题词汇【家人与亲人】1.家庭；亲属family 2.父亲father 3.母亲mother 4.父(母)亲parent5.(外)祖父grandfather/grandpa 6.(外)祖母grandmother/grandma 7.(外)祖父(母)grandparent 8.姐；妹sister9.兄；弟brother 10.叔父；舅父；伯父uncle11.婶母；姑母；伯母aunt 12.堂(表)兄弟；堂(表)姐妹cousin13.儿子son 14.女儿daughter15.(外)孙子grandson 16.(外)孙女granddaughter17.丈夫husband 18.妻子wife19.婴儿baby 20.亲属；亲戚relative【朋友、邻居与周围的人】1.友谊friendship 2.邻居neighbor/neighbour 3.同学/桌classmate/deskmate 4.队友teammate5.笔友penpal 6.成员；会员member7.英雄hero 8.绅士gentleman9.陌生人stranger 10.先锋；先驱pioneer11.小孩；儿童child(children) 12.客人；宾客guest13.班长monitor 14.校长headteacher15.同意agree 16.成功succeed17.能够able 18.完美的perfect19.有礼貌的polite 20.富裕的rich21.有趣的funny二．话题句式1.Hisfatherisamanoffortyyearsold.他的父亲是一个40岁的人。2.Wesharealotofthingsincommon，suchas...我们有很多共同之处，比如……3.Heisthreeyearsolderthanhissister他比他妹妹大3岁。4.I'mverythankfulforallthathehasdoneforme.我非常感激他为我做的一切。5.Ithinkgoodfriendsshouldnotonlyhelpeachotherbutalsosharehappinessandsadnesstogether.Ibelievethat“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”我认为好朋友不仅要互相帮助，而且要共同分享幸福与悲伤。我相信“患难见真情”。6.I'dlearnedalotfromthemandmadegreatprogressinmylessons.我从他们身上学到很多，并且在我的功课方面取得了很大的进步。7.AslongasItrymybestwiththespiritofnotgivingup，everythingwillbeOK.只要我抱着不放弃的信念，尽我最大的努力，一切都会变好。8.LiMingspenttoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.李明花了太多的时间玩电脑游戏。9.We'resupposedtosaythankstothosewhohelpuswhenwe'reintrouble.我们应该对那些在我们遇到困难时帮助我们的人说谢谢。10.Heisnotonlyeasy­goingbutalsooneofthebeststudentsinmyclass.他不仅为人随和，而且是我班上最好的学生之一。11.Withthehelpof...,Imadegreatprogressin...在……的帮助下，我在……方面取得了很大进步。12.WhenI'mintrouble,shealwaysencouragesmetofacedifficultiesandcheersmeup.当我遇到困难时，她总是鼓励我面对困难，让我振作起来。13.I'malwaysfullofconfidenceinmystudybecauseIknowsheisalwaysbehindme.我总是对我的学习充满信心，因为我知道她总是在我身后。一每个人都有自己的朋友，朋友是我们生活的“必需品”。请你根据下列图示提供的信息，写一篇短文，介绍一个你最好的朋友和你们的之间故事。提示：1.短文应包括图示中的全部信息，条理清楚，行文连贯，段落分明；2．短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名；3．词数不少于80，开头已给出，不计人总词数。MybestfriendEveryoneneedsfriends.Ihaveabestfriend.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，可以提取以下信息：1.写作时以第三人称为主，介绍过去的情况时用一般过去时，介绍目前的情况时用一般现在时；2．由图示的提示信息从朋友的外貌性格及我们俩之间的故事写起，最后点题总结；3．词数不少于80，开头已经给出，不计入总词数。不能出现真实的人名和地名。【写作模板】【高分范文】MybestfriendEveryoneneedsfriends.Ihaveabestfriend.HisnameisJack.Heisofmediumbuildwithshortblackhair.Andheisoutgoingandhelpful.HeoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.Helikesdoingsportslikeplayingbasketballandswimming.Heisingoodhealth.Wekneweachotheraboutthreeyearsago.WecametoanewschoolandBecamedeskmates.Atthattime,IwasnotgoodatmylessonsandIwasn'toutgoing,Iwasafraidofspeakinginfrontofothers.ItwasJackwhohelpedmewithmylessonsandplayedwithme.Gradually,IbecomemoreOutgoingandmygradesarebetterthanbefore.Thankyou,Jack.Youaremybestfriendforever.二亲爱的同学，在你的初中生活中，总会与有些同学成为朋友。请以“MyBestFriendandI”为题，并根据下面的图表信息，写一篇英语短文。内容包括：你最好的朋友是谁、你们是怎么成为朋友的、你们有什么相同点和不同点。提示：1.短文应包括图表中的全部信息，条理清楚，行文连贯；2.短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名；3.词数不少于80，开头已给出，不计入总词数。MyBestFriendandIWearegraduatingfrommiddleschoolsoon.Imisssomanygoodfriends,especiallymybestfriendJeff.We'vebeenfriendsforthreeyears.Threeyearsago,Iwasanewstudentinourclass.Ifeltverylonely.MyEnglishwasverypoor.JeffoftenhelpedmelearnEnglish.Withhishelp,ImademuchprogressinEnglish.Sowebecamefriends.Thoughwearebothtallandthin,wearedifferent.Jeffismoreoutgoingthanmeandheisgoodatplayingsoccer.ButI'mquietandI'mgoodatplayingbasketball.Weoftenhelpeachother.Heisverykindandfriendly.Sowegetonwellwitheachother.Ihopehewillhaveabrightfutureandthatourfriendshipwilllastforalifetime.真题训练（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）我们的生活丰富多彩，每个家庭都发生过一些有趣的事，请选择一件用英语写一篇短文，与我们分享。写作要求：（1）文中不得出现任何真实信息（姓名、校名和地名等）；（2）语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整；（3）词数不少于80词。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文Ihaveahappyfamily.Therearemanyfunnythingsinmyfamily.Oneday,mymotherandIwenttoapark.Wehadagoodtimeandwedecidedtohavelunchinthepark.Mymotherboughtsomemilkandbread.Mymothertoldmetowashmyhandsbeforelunch.However,whenwecameback,ourbreadwasgone!Wethoughtthatsomeonetookit.Weareveryangry.Ithoughtthatthethiefwouldcomebacktotakethemilk.So,mymotherandIhidbehindatreeandwaited.Onehourlater,noonecameandwewereveryhungry.Wegaveupandwewantedtogohometohavesomethingtoeat.Suddenly,Ifoundsomethingunderthechair.Oh,it’sourbread!Whatafunnything!【详解】[总体分析]①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为话题作文；②时态：时态为“一般过去时”；③提示：本文主要介绍自己家庭中发生的一件趣事，适当增加细节。[写作步骤]第一步，引出话题；第二步，详细介绍自己家发生的一件趣事；第三步，书写结语。[亮点词汇]①haveagoodtime玩得开心②giveup放弃[高分句型]①Mymothertoldmetowashmyhandsbeforelunch.(动词不定式作宾语补足语)②whenwecameback,ourbreadwasgone!(when引导的时间状语从句)③Whatafunnything!(感叹句)（2023·贵州·统考中考真题）请结合下图内容及提示，以“My__________FamilyMemory”为题，根据写作要求，写一篇不少于80词的短文。describethememoryWhathappened?Whendidithappen?Whowasinthememory?expressyourfeelingsoropinionsWhatdoyouthinkofit?Whydoyouthinkso?写作要求：1.结合实际，用适当的形容词补全标题。2.短文须包含图中所有信息，并适当拓展。3.文中不能出现真实的人名和校名。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文MyFunniestFamilyMemoryTherearecountlessinterestingmemoriesinourfamily.Letmetellyouoneofthem.It’sabouteating.Irememberonce,whenIwasatmygrandma’shouse,it’stimefordinner.IwassohungrythatIrantothetableinawindymannerandstartedeating.Ijusthadabiteofthefood,feelingveryspicy.Iaskedmymother,“Mom,whyisvegetablepeppersohot?”Momranoverandtastedit.Shesaid,“Thisisnotvegetablepepper.It’spepper!”“Ah?”Iaskedinconfusion.Thisischili.Nowonderit’ssospicy.“Givemesomewater!”Thefamilylaughedwhentheyheardit.Infact,therearemanyinterestingfamilystories,waitingforustodiscover.Aslongasyouareseriousaboutdiscoveringit,youwillfeelthatfamilyfuneverywhere.【详解】[总体分析]①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，属于材料作文写作；②时态：时态为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”；③提示：文章标题以及要点已经给出，按照提示的要点逐点阐述，不要遗漏提示中的“补全题目”这一要点，可以适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。[写作步骤]第一步，开篇点题，引出话题；第二步，根据要点讲述这一事件发生的时间、人物及经过，要列举具体的事例；第三步，抒发你对这件事的评价并书写结语。[亮点词汇]①countlessinterestingmemories无数的有趣回忆②inconfusion疑惑地③nowonder难怪[高分句型]①IwassohungrythatIrantothetableinawindymannerandstartedeating.（sothat引导的结果状语从句）②Aslongasyouareseriousaboutdiscoveringit,youwillfeelthatfamilyfuneverywhere.（aslongas引导的条件状语从句）、、（2023·四川乐山·统考中考真题）2022年1月生效的《家庭教育促进法》规定：未成年人的父母或其他监护人应该重视家庭教育，关心孩子身心健康。对于此规定，作为学生的你有话想说。请你给校英语专栏写一篇短文，对父母提出建议并表明观点。内容包括：1.多花时间陪我们，如教做家务、一起玩耍等；2.帮助我们养成好的习惯；3.常与我们沟通谈心；4.信任我们并保护我们的隐私。注意：1.词数80词左右；开头已给出，不计入总词数；2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；3.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校等信息。参考词汇：physicalandmentalhealth身心健康；privacyn.隐私Accordingtothelaw“FamilyEducationPromotion”,parentsorotherguardiansofminorsshouldberesponsibleforfamilyeducation.Itasksparentstopayattentiontochildren’sphysicalandmentalhealth.Herearemysuggestionsforparents.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】参考范文AccordingtotheLaw“FamilyEducationPromotion”,parentsorotherguardiansofminorsshouldberesponsibleforfamilyeducation.Itasksparentstopayattentiontochildren’sphysicalandmentalhealth.Herearemysuggestionsforparents.Firstofall,Ithinkparentsshouldspendmoretimewithus.Forexample,parentscanteachustodohouseworkandplaywithusinsparetime.Second,parentsshouldhelpustogetintogoodhabits,suchaseatinghealthyfood,doingsportsandsoon.What’smore,parentshadbettercommunicatewithusmoreoften.That’sbecausesomemisunderstandingsarecausedbylackofcommunication.Finally,Ihopeparentscantrustusandprotectourprivacy.Wechildrenneedmorepersonalspace.Inmyopinion,wecanworktogethertounderstandandrespecteachothersothatwecanmakeprogress.【详解】[总体分析]①题材：本文是一篇说明文，属于材料作文写作；②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；③提示：文章开头以及要点已经给出，按照提示的要点逐点阐述，可以适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。[写作步骤]第一步，承接短文开头，引出话题；第二步，根据提示的要点逐个进行阐述，对父母提出建议，可列举具体的事例；第三步，表明自己的观点并书写结语。[亮点词汇]①getintogoodhabits养成良好的习惯②hadbetterdosth最好做某事③communicatewithsb和某人交流④lackof……的缺乏[高分句型]①Firstofall,Ithinkparentsshouldspendmoretimewithus.（省略引导词that引导的宾语从句）②That’sbecausesomemisunderstandingsarecausedbylackofcommunication.（because引导的表语从句）③Inmyopinion,wecanworktogethertounderstandandrespecteachothersothatwecanmakeprogress.（sothat引导的结果状语从句）（2023·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）学校英语角即将开展一次以“朋友”为主题的演讲活动，请你写一篇演讲稿参加活动，包括以下内容：1.你最好的朋友是什么样的？2.你的朋友曾给予过你什么？3.你准备为你的朋友做什么？词数90左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；文中不能透露考生身份的任何信息。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文What’sthemeaningofafriendtoyou?Maybeyouthinkthatafriendissomeonewhowilllistentoyouwhenyou’resad.Maybeyouthinkthatafriendissomeonewhowillgiveyouagiftonyourbirthday.Buttome,afriendissomeoneIcandependonandIlove.WhenIwaseightyearsold,Imetmybestfriend,LiMei.Herpersonalitywasdifferentfrommine.She’sveryactiveandbrave.WhenIwassad,shewouldsitnexttomeandcomfortme.WhenIwashappy,shecouldsharemyjoy.What’smore,shealwaysencouragesme.ShetoldmenottogiveupwhenImetanydifficulty.SheadvisedmetohaveanothertryifIwantedtogiveuphalfway.Sofar,wehavebeenfriendsforeightyears.Althoughwewerenotclassmatesanymore,Ibelievethatwe’llstillbegoodfriendsforever.What’smore,Iwillprepareabirthdaypartyforhertogiveherasurprise.【详解】[总体分析]①题材：本文是一篇讲稿；②时态：时态综合使用“一般现在时”，“一般过去时”和“一般将来时”；③提示：写作要点已给出，要求以“朋友”为主题，根据提示内容进行写作，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。[写作步骤]第一步，介绍朋友是什么；第二步，介绍最好的朋友是什么样的以及朋友曾给予过你什么；第三步，介绍准备为你的朋友做什么。[亮点词汇]①dependon依靠②bedifferentfrom不同于③giveup放弃[高分句型]①ShetoldmenottogiveupwhenImetanydifficulty.（when引导的时间状语从句）②SheadvisedmetohaveanothertryifIwantedtogiveuphalfway.（if引导的条件状语从句）【202