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中考英语任务型阅读之完成句子解题技巧解密命题趋势:
分析近3年各地市中考英语真题可知,完成表格型阅读的话题通常是与日常生活息息相关,包括观点建议类、介绍类、文化风俗类、环境保护类、饮食与健康类及科普知识类。词数为200—260词。文章以表格形式设空,设5空。至少4道题的答案可以在文中直接找出,有1道题需要总结概括,如文章的标题或某一段的小标题。文体以记叙文和说明文为主。
解题技巧:
解答此类题型,需要按照"查表→析文→填表"的思路进行:
1.查表。阅读表格,分析表格的项目内容和结构特征,从而把握信息范围及对文章的理解方向。要特别关注文章的标题栏和表格前的小标题,这样有助于理解文章大意。
2.析文。快速浏览全文,把握文章大意;再仔细阅读文章内容,找准细节定位。阅读文章是,要利用多种阅读技巧,对文章进行全面理解。
3.填表。进行填表。多数题目的答案可以在文章中直接找出;少数题目需要在分析原文的基础上,结合题目对文章进行理解归纳答案;还需注重书写习惯,多注意大小写的运用。
真题解析:
A(2018•浙江金华中考)
阅读下面短文,根据文中信息完成一张海报。每空限填三词
Doing"Clean"Exercise
Whenyougoforarunoutside,chancesarethatyou’llfindlitterallaroundyou.Doyoujustgopastit,ordoyoustopandpickitup?Ifyouchoosethesecond,you’repartofthelatestpopularsportintheWest:plogging.
Theword"logging"istheSwedishphrase"plockaupp"(pickup)andtheEnglishword"Jogging"(runningslowly)puttogether.
Whataploggerneedsisarubbishbagandapairofglovestoprotectyourhands.Whilecollectingrubbish,loggerslearntoclassify(分类)anddealwithitcorrectly,too.
Ploggingseemssimplebutitdoesalotofgoodtoboththeenvironmentandyourhealth.Itcannotonlymaketheworldgreener,butalsogetyoufullbodyexercise,Forexample,a30-minuteloggingburnsaround288calories(卡路里),comparedto235caloriesburnedfromjustjogging.
Sonexttimeyougooutjogging,whynotcarryarubbishbagandcollectsomelitteralongtheway?Yourbodyandtheenvironmentwillthankyou.
【查看答案】【文章大意】文章介绍了一种新型的健身跑步方式。在外出健身跑步的同时,随身带上垃圾袋,沿途捡垃圾。这种新型的慢跑方式简单易行,既美化了环境又锻炼了身体。
56.【答案】plogging/doingcleanexercise
【解析】
短文的标题Doing“Clean”Exercise做“清洁”运动,是作者所倡导的一种健身与保护环境与一体的新型慢跑方式。结合第一段中的句子Ifyouchoosethesecond,you’repartofthelatestpopularsportintheWest:plogging.可知,如果选择停下来捡垃圾,就是现在西方一种最新流行的慢跑方式,故答案为plogging/doingcleanexercise。
57.【答案】arubbishbag
【解析】
根据文中句子"Whataploggerneedsisarubbishbagandapairofglovestoprotectyourhands."一个慢跑者需要的是一个垃圾袋和一双用来保护手的手套。故答案为arubbishbag。
58.dealwith
【解析】
根据文中句子"Whilecollectingrubbish,loggerslearntoclassify(分类)anddealwithitcorrectly,too."可知,在收集垃圾的同时,跑步者也学会正确分类和处理垃圾。故答案为dealwith。
59.【答案】theenvironment
【解析】
根据文中句子"Ploggingseemssimplebutitdoesalotofgoodtoboththeenvironmentandyourhealth."可知,这种新型的慢跑方式简单易行,既美化了环境又锻炼了身体,故答案为.theenvironment。
60.【答案】greener/morebeautiful
【解析】
根据文中句子"Itcannotonlymaketheworldgreener,butalsogetyoufullbodyexercise."它不仅能让世界更绿,还能让你全身锻炼。故答案为greener。
B(2017•内蒙古赤峰)
根据短文内容,完成表格,每空一词。
AbrahamLincolnwasborninKentuckyin1809.Hismotherdiedwhenhewastenyearsold.Later,hisfamilymovedtoIllinoisandhisfatherremarried.Thefamilywaspoor,sotheyhadtostrugglejusttolive.InIllinois,therewereneitherteachersnorschools,butLincoln’sstepmotherencouragedhimtostudy.Helearnedtoreadandwritewhileworkingonthefarm.
Attwenty-one,Lincolnlefthome.Hesoonreceivedalawlicenseandbecamealawyer.Peopletrustedhimandbegantocallhim"HonestAbe".
Duringthefollowingyears,hetookamoreactivepartinpolities.Soonhewasnotonlyahighlyrespectedlawyerbutalsoawell-knownpolitician.HewaselectedthesixteenthpresidentoftheUnitedStatesin1860,andinthenextyeartheCivilWarbrokeout.
TheCivilWarwasbetweenthesouthernstatesthatwantedtoleavetheUnionandformtheirowncountry,andnorthernstatesthatwantedtokeepallthestatesasonecountry.Thesouthernstateswantedtokeepthelawsthatallowedthemtoownslaves.BoththenorthernstatesandPresidentLincolnwantedtogetridofthoselaws.OnApril9,1865,theCivilWarendedandallslavesweresetfree.
Lessthanaweeklater,onApril14,1865,AbrahamLincolnwasshotattheFordTheaterinWashingtonD.C.Hediedthenextdayfromhiswounds.
【查看答案】【文章大意】这篇短文主要介绍了AbrahamLincoln的不幸的童年及不平凡生活的经历。
71.10/ten
72.nice/kind
73.president
74.northern
75.ended
C(2017•四川成都)
阅读下面短文,根据其内容,补全表格中所缺信息。
Oct.16isWorldFoodDay.TheUNstartedthedayin1979.It’susedtoremindpeoplenottowastefoodandfighthunger.
Abignumberofpeopleintheworldstilldon’thaveenoughfoodtoeat.Foodshortage(匮乏)isabigproblemworldwide.Rightnow,therearemorethan1,000millionhungrypeopleintheworldaccordingtotheUN.Manychildrengotosleephungry,and15millionofthemdieofhungereachyear.
Thereareseveralreasonswhytherearefoodshortages.First,therehavebeenmoredroughts(干旱)andfloodsrecently.Also,agrowingpopulationmakesfeedingeveryonemoredifficult.
Anotherbigreasonisfoodwaste.Mostpeopledon’trealizehowmuchfoodtheythrowawayeveryday.Sometimeswecooktoomuch,orwedon’tuseitbeforeitgoesbad.Theaverage(平均的)personthrowsaway50kgoffoodeveryyear.AccordingtotheUN,morethanonethirdofallfoodproducedworldwidegoestowasteeachyear.
Thatisover1,300,000millionkilogramsoffoodbeingwasted.TheamountoffoodwastedinEuropecanfeed200millionpeople,andthefoodwastedinLatinAmericacanfeed300millionayear.
Sothinktwicenexttimeyouwanttothrowawayfood.Bycuttingdownonfoodwaste,wecouldhelpputfoodontheemptyplatesofsomehungrychildren.Onlyorderasmuchfoodasyoucaneatinarestaurant.Ifyoucan’teatallyouorder,taketheresthome.Don’tbetoopickyaboutfoodsothatyoudon’tleaveanyonyourplate.Somefoodmaynottastegreat,butyourbodyneedsit.Keepaneyeonwhatfoodyouhaveathome.Don’tbuytoomuch.Don’tcooktoomuch.
Whenyouthrowawayfood,youarenotjustwastingthefooditself.Resources(资源)arealsowastedwhilegrowing,transportingandcookingthefood.Thesethingsalltakeenergy,timeandwater.
Title:1onWorldFoodDay
【查看答案】【文章大意】本文叙述了联合国把10月16日定为世界粮食日,为了提醒人们要节约粮食。不要浪费粮食,短文给出了原因。
1.Introduction/Background
2.purpose
3.theamount/number
4.keeporcook
5.wastedresources
D(2017•江苏省宿迁市中考)
阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填写表格,每空限填一词。
Weliveinaworldfullofmanydifferentkindsofpeople.Wewanttogetalongwellwithothers.Wealsowanttobelikedbyothers,Thefollowingwayswillmakeotherslikeyou.
DoThisandYou’llBeWelcomeAnywhere
Becomereallyinterestedinotherpeople.Ashowofinterestmustbetrue.Itmustbringgoodresultstothepersonshowingtheinterest,butalsotothepersonreceivingtheattention.Itisatwo-waystreet—bothofyougetanadvantage.
ASimpleWaytoMakeaGoodFirstImpression(印象)
Smileasoftenaspossible.Yoursmileisasignofkindness.Whensomeonefeelsstressedfromhisorherteachersorparents,yoursmileislikethesunbreakingthroughtheclouds,yoursmilecanhelphimorherrealizethatallishopeful—thatthereisstilljoyintheworld.
IfYouDon’tDoThis,YouAreGettingintoTrouble
Rememberaperson’sname.Aperson’snameisthesweetestandthemostimportantsoundinanylanguage.Weshouldrealizethemagicinaname.Thenamemakesthepersondifferentfromothers;itmakeshimorherspecialamongallothers.Ifyourememberaperson’sname,therelationshipbetweenbothofyouwillbecomemuchcloser.
AnEasyWaytoBecomeaGoodTalker
Beacarefullistenerfirst.Askquestionsthatotherpersonswillliketoanswer.Encouragethemtotalkaboutthemselvesandtheirachievements.Whatyouneedtodoisjusttolisten,becausepeoplearemuchmoreinterestedinthemselves.
【查看答案】【文章大意】本文在如何与他人友好相处方面给出了四种建议:对他人表现出兴致,对人笑脸相迎,记住别人的名字,认真做个倾听者,这样会让别人更喜欢你。
66.Ways/How
67.interested
68.bring
69.kindness
70.realize/think/feel/consider/understand/aware
71.different
72.language
73.carefully/attentively
74.answering
75.encouraged
模拟题练习
A(2016•天津市河东区九年级下学期第一次模拟)
阅读下面短文,根据短文内容完成表格。
"USA?Britain?Whichcountryisbettertostudyin?"Weoftenhearsuchdiscussions.AsChinaopensitsdoor,itisadreamformanyChinesestudentstostudyabroad.Theywanttolearnabouttheoutsideworld.
It’struethatstudyingabroadcanhelpstudentsdevelopthemselves.Theirforeignlanguageskillswillbeimprovedanditmaybeeasiertofindjobs.
Butthereareproblemsthatshouldbeconsidered(考虑).Languageisthefirst.Studentsmustspendalotoftimelearninganotherlanguage.
Studentsmustalsolearntolivewithoutparents’careanddealwithallkindsofthingstheyhaven’thadtodobefore,likelookingafterthemselves.TherearereportsaboutChinesestudentsabroadsinkingintoanoceanofdifficultiesandgivingupfinally.Whentheyhavetotakecareofthemselves,itishardforstudentstostudywell.
Finally,studyingabroadbringsaheavyburden(负担)tothefamily.FormostChineseparents,thecostofstudyingabroadisveryhigh.Butisitworth?
WeknowthattherearemanyfamouspeoplewhosucceedingreatthingsthroughtheirhardworkinChina.LiuXiangisagoodexample.OnceanAmericanteacherinvitedhimthere,butherefused.HekepttraininghardwithhisChineseteacher.HesurprisedtheworldwhenhewonagoldmedalattheAthensOlympicGames.Sowhenyouwonderwhichcountryisbettertostudyin,thinkagain.
【查看答案】【文章大意】这篇短文介绍了随着中国的改革开放,出国留学已经成为许多中国学生的梦想,介绍了出国留学的好处和问题。
1.【答案】abroad
【解析】
根据短文中的句子:Weoftenhearsuchdiscussions.AsChinaopensitsdoor,studyingabroadhasbecomeadreamformanyChinesestudents。我们
经常听到这样的讨论。随着中国敞开了大门,出国留学已经成为许多中国学生的梦想。故填abroad。
2.【答案】develop
【解析】
根据短文中的句子:It’struethatstudyingabroadcanhelpstudentsdevelopthemselves.的确,出国留学可以帮助学生发展自己。故填develop。
3.【答案】improve
【解析】
根据短文中的句子:Theirforeignlanguageskillswillbeimprovedanditmaybeeasiertofindjobs.他们的外语能力将得到改善,这可能更容易找到工作。故填improve。
4.【答案】high
【解析】
根据短文中的句子:FormostChineseparents,thecostofstudyingabroadisveryhigh.对于大多数中国父母来说,出国留学的费用非常高。故填high。
5.【答案】besuccessful/succeed
【解析】
根据短文中的句子:WeknowthattherearemanyfamouspeoplewhohaveachievedsuccessthroughtheirhardworkinChina我们知道,在中国有许多著名的人通过自己的努力取得了成功。旨在告诉我们出国学习并不是唯一取得成功的方式。故填besuccessful。
B(2016•黄冈实验中学九年级月考)
Doyouhavethefollowingexperiences?
★Whenyoutalkthroughapark,anoisefromthebackgroundisbecominglouderandclearer.Thenyoucanfindthatagroupofwomenwhoaregatheringatthesideofpath.Inthecoldbreeze(微风)ofwinter,they’removingtheirarmsandlegstorhythm(节奏).
★Youwanttosleeplateintonoononweekendmornings,butfinditimpossiblebecausetheseniors(年长者)havebeendancingsincetheearlyhours,makealotofnoise.
★Sometimes,youwanttohavearestortakeawalkwithfriendsinaquietpark,onlytobeinterrupted(被阻止/打断的)bymusicassociated(联系/联盟/陪伴)withagroupdancing.Itisreallyanannoyingproblem.
ThiskindofdancingiscalledSquareDancing.ItseemsthatifyougoaroundChina,youcanseethesedancingeverywhereinthepublicspace.Alsoinforeigncountries,ChineseSquareDancingisveryfamous.OnJanuary14,2015,Chineseseniorsdancedonthe
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