2024年高考英语大一轮复习课时作业20Module2TrafficJam含解析外研版

PAGEPAGE1课时作业20Ⅰ.阅读理解(河北省武邑中学高三模拟)Whenadoglooksatyouwithbigpuppy­dogeyes,it'shardforyoutogoaway,andyoumayspeakout“Awww”withouthesitation.However,there'sareasonwhyyoufindadog'sstaresoattractive.Thatsweetstareactuallycausesthereleaseofaparticularhormone,orchemicalmessengerinthebody.Thishormonecreatesfeelingsofaffectioninhumans.Thesamethinghappenstodogswhenpeoplelookbackatthem.Scientistsbelievethishelpspeopleandtheirfour­leggedfriendsbond,orfeelconnected.Scientistshavewonderedwhatcausesdogstolovinglystareattheirowners.Tofindout,ateamofresearchersfromAzabuUniversityinJapanstudied30ownersandtheirdogs.Theresearchersfoundthatafterthepetsandtheirownersspenthalfanhourtogether,bothshowedariseinoxytocin(催产素).Onekeyroleofthishormoneinmanyanimalsistopromotebonding,likethatbetweenamotherandnewborn.Theincreaseofoxytocindidn'thappen,though,whenscientistsrepeatedtheexperimentwithwolvesandthehumanswhohadraisedthem.Asecondexperimentalsofoundthatifdogsweregivenoxytocin,theylookedattheirownerslonger.Scientistsaren'tsureexactlywhy,butthisreactionoccurredonlywithfemaledogs.Theirowners'oxytocinlevelsalsoroseasaresult.Theresultoftheseexperimentsmighthelpansweranage­oldquestion:Howdidthefearsomewolfancestorofmoderndogsturnintoman'sbestfriend?TakefumiKikusui,ananimalscientistwhoworkedonthestudy,thinksthatthe_changehappenedwhendogsfirstbecamedomestic(驯养的)．AccordingtoKikusui,theremayhavebeenasmallgroupofwilddogsthatwerenaturallyfriendlier.“Humansareverysensitivetoeyecontact.Byusingthisspecialcommunicationtool,thedogsareabletowinoverourhearts.Iftheyaremorelikelytomakeeyecontact,itwouldbeeasierforthemtobondwithdogowners，”Kikusuisaid.本文是一篇应用文。主要叙述科学家解开了狗与人类的关系演化成今日如此这般和谐的缘由之谜。1．AccordingtoParagraph1,peoplesay“Awww”to________.A．makethedogstareatthemB．expresstheirloveforthedogsC．drawthedogsattentionawayD．warnthedogsnottoapproachthem答案：B解析：推理推断题。第一段开头Whenadoglooksatyouwithbigpuppy­dogeyes,it'shardforyoutogoaway,andyoumayspeakout“Awww”withouthesitation.However,there'sareasonwhyyoufindadog'sstaresoattractive.当狗看着你，你坚决果断地说“Awww”，不情愿离开。这是因为你觉得狗的留意力很有吸引力，狗吸引了你，说明你爱狗。故选B项。2．Accordingtothepassage,oxytocincan________.A．reduceanimals'painofgivingbirthB．motivateanimals'desirestoprotectothersC．helpanimalstodevelopabetterrelationshipwiththeirownersD．enableanimalstosurvivemoreeasilyfromdangers答案：C解析：细微环节理解题。其次段开头的．..afterthepetsandtheirownersspenthalfanhourtogether,bothshowedariseinoxytocin(催产素).Onekeyroleofthishormoneinmanyanimalsistopromotebonding……宠物和主子在一起半个小时，人与狗身上的催产素就会增加了。这种激素在很多动物中的关键作用就是促进关系。说明催产素可以帮助动物加强与主子的联系，提升他们之间的关系。故C项正确。3．Theunderlinedwords“thechange”inParagraph4refertothat________.A．dogsbecamefriendswithhumansB．wolvesbegintobondwithhumansC．dogsandwolvesarebestfriendsD．dogsweredomesticatedbyhumans答案：A解析：推理推断题。第三、四两段给狗催产素，它们凝视主子时间更长。但是只有母狗会如此，所以给狗催产素后，狗的反应不一样。这些试验的结果可能有助于解决一个古老的问题：现代狗是如何变成人类最好的挚友的？从事这项探讨的动物科学家TakefumiKikusui认为，这种改变就是狗最初成为家畜时发生的改变。由此可推断出，这种改变就是狗由令人胆怯 的狼祖先变成人类最好的挚友。分析选项可知A正确。4．What'sthepurposeofthepassage?A．Tocallonhumanstobefriendlytodogs.B．Togiveadviceonhowtogetalongwithdogs.C．Tointroducetheevolutionprocessofwilddogs.D．Toexplainwhyhumansanddogsareconnected.答案：D解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文说明了狗与人类的关系如何演化成今日的如此和谐的挚友关系的缘由。分析选项可知D项(说明人类和狗联系的缘由)符合题意，故选D项。Ⅱ.七选五(会宁一中高三英语月考)HowtoovercomechallengesinyourlifeWeallfacetoughanddifficultchallengesinlife.Toovercomechallengesyouneedtohavethat“neverquit”attitudeinlife.Ifyoudevelopit,you'llovercomequiteabit.Motivateyourself.Say“YES,ICAN.”Thechallengeshouldbringoutthebestofyouinthissituation.Slowitdown,andthinkthatprocessthrough.__1__Ifyoudevelopthatmindset(心态),you'llgetitdone.__2__Remaincalmwhenyou'refacingserioustroublesandproblemsinlife.Youhavetorecollectyourself,andcalmdown.Youcan'tsolveproblemswhenyou'repanicking.Takeadeepbreath,relax,andslowitdown.Thinkthingsthroughcalmly.Letfailureandfearfuelyouinapositiveway.Everyonefailsattimes.Ifyoufailthefirst,second,orthirdtime,don'tgiveup.__3__Learnwhatmadeyoufailatovercomingthesechallenges.Simplifythechallengeyou'refacing.Makethechallengeeasierthanitis.__4__Asyougetthrougheachstep,youdevelopmoreconfidenceandyoubelieveyoucangetitdone,andthenyouwill.Staypositiveandconfident.__5__Youhavetofindoutallthewaysyoucanusetoovercomeit,andputthemtofullusewithallyoureffort.It'sourownmentalstabilitythat'sthedifficultpart.Whenyoudoitmentally,you'llactuallybeabletodoit.A．Staycalmandcoolheaded.B．Thinkthebest,nottheworst.C．Startbybreakingitdownintosteps.D．Toovercomeachallenge,youhavetobelieveyoucanreallydoit.E．Mostpeoplewillavoidanychallenge,becausethey'rescaredoffailing.F．Developthatconfidenceinsayingthere'snowayyou'regoingtofailatthis.G．Pickyourselfup,andlearnfromwhyyou'vefailed,andmoveoninapositivedirection.人生中，我们会不断面临挑战，怎样克服挑战，作者给了我们一些详细的建议。1．F解析：考查对上下文的理解和推理推断实力。本段讲要激励自己，要对自己说我能行，不要焦急，发挥最好的自己。假如有这种心态事情就能胜利。F项“用这种方法来增加自信就不会失败。”连接前后，承上启下，故选F。2．A解析：考查对上下文的理解和推理推断实力。本段主要讲遇事要冷静及详细实施方法。A项“保持冷静，头脑冷静。”能概括全段内容，适合作为标题，故选A。3．G解析：考查对上下文的理解和推理推断实力。本段讲用主动的看法面对失败。上句讲失败几次也不要放弃。G项“重新爬起，从失败中学习然后朝着主动的方向前行。”与上句连接，告知了我们详细方法，故选G。4．C解析：考查对上下文的理解和推理推断实力。本空前面讲“简化面对的挑战，使困难变简洁些”，空格后面讲“当通过每一步的时候你就会有更大的信念信任自己能行，你就会胜利。”故C项“从把挑战分解成小的步骤起先。”连接前后，故选C。5．D解析：考查对上下文的理解和推理推断实力。本段讲要保持主动的看法和信念。下文讲要找到解决问题的方法，用头脑全力以赴去解决问题。D项“为了战胜挑战你必需信任你能行。”符合本段意思且连接前后，故选D。Ⅲ.语法填空(长葛市第一高级中学高三月考)“TheonlyfemalegiantpandainBritain__1__(believe)tobepregnant，”EdinburghZoosaidThursday.Thezoosaid,“TianTianisbeing__2__(close)monitored,butit'sunclear__3__shewillgivebirth.It'shardtopredictexactlyandthepandabreeding(繁殖)seasoncanlastuntillateSeptember.”TianTianandmalepandaYangGuang,whoareboth14,__4__(arrive)inEdinburghonadecade­longloanfromChinain2011andare__5__onlygiantpandasinBritain.TianTian,orSweetie,hasbeenpregnantseveral__6__(time)beforeintheUKbuthasnevergivenbirth.Giantpandashavedifficultybreedingandtheirpregnanciesareverydifficult__7__(follow).Theanimalsalsoexperience“pseudo­pregnancies(伪怀孕)”，during__8__theirbehaviorandhormonal(生理的)changesindicatetheyarepregnantevenwhentheyarenot.Thezoo'sstatementcameaftertheEdinburghEveningNewsusedtheFreedomofInformationActtoobtaincommunicationbetweenthezooandScottishgovernment__9__(show)thatTianTianhadbeenartificiallyinseminatedandcouldgivebirthasearlyasthisweek.InaJuly25email,IainValentine,panda__10__(direct)attheRoyalSocietyofScotland,saidhethoughtTianTianwasabout30daysawayfromgivingbirth.本文主要讲解并描述了英国唯一的雌性大熊猫“甜甜”怀孕的消息。1．is_believed解析：考查语态。“英国唯一的雌性大熊猫”和“认为”之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，填isbelieved。2．closely解析：考查副词。修饰动词monitored用副词，所以填closely。3．when解析：考查语义理解。但是它什么时候会产仔并不清晰。表示“什么时候”，所以填when。4．arrived解析：考查时态。表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填arrived。5．the解析：考查冠词。特指“是英国仅有的大熊猫”，用定冠词，所以填the。6．times解析：考查名词。在英国，“甜甜”之前已经怀孕过几次了。表示“次数”，所以填times。7．to_follow解析：考查不定式。它们的怀孕追踪起来很困难。用不定式的主动形式表示和主语之间的动宾关系，所以填tofollow。8．which解析：考查非限制性定语从句。during__8__theirbehaviorandhormonal(生理的)changesindicatetheyarepregnant是一个非限制性定语从句，介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句，指物，只能用which。9．showing解析：考查非谓语动词。show与其逻辑主语Thezoo'sstatement之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填showing。10．director解析：考查名词。这里表示“苏格兰英国皇家学会”的熊猫指导。作句子主语，用名词，所以填director。Ⅳ.短文改错(冀州中学高三年级调研)LastSunday,Iaccompaniedtwoofmyforeignfriends,TomorMary,aroundChengdusothattheycouldgetafeelingoftheamazedcity.WebeganbytouringKuanZhaiAlley,thatisknownforitstraditionalChinesearchitecture.IknowtheareaverygoodsoIactedastheirtourguide.Forlunch,ItriedsomeChengdufriedsaucenoodles.Tomthoughtthattheywereinparticularlydelicious.Soonbeforelunch,wewenttotheResearchBaseofGiantPandatopayavisittothepandas.BothMaryandTomfallinlovewiththelovelypandas.Wefinishedoffthedaybygoingshopping,andtheyboughtsomepapercutsassouvenir.ItwasfantasticdayandIhopetheywillcometoChengduagain.答案Ⅴ.书面表达(云南省曲靖一中高考复习质量监测)假如你是李华，在圣