2023届山东省普通高等学校招生全国统一考试仿真模拟（一）英语试题 附答案

第页2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语科模拟试题教师用卷（一）AExhibitionsTheVanishedRealityTheModernArtOxfordGallerycelebratesits50yearsinexistencewithnineartists,includingEuropeanbignamesMarcelBroodthaersandHansHacke,exploringtherelationshipbetweentheproductionofartworkandthesocialconditionsinwhichitiscreated.ModernArtOxford(01865722733),Dec.15-Dec.31

TheTaylorWessingPhotographicPortraitBritain’sleadinginternationalphotographiccompetitionisopentogiftedamateursandprofessionalsfromaroundtheworld,competingforthe￡15,000prize.Fifty-sevenpicturesareonshow.NationalPortraitGallery,LondonWC2(02073060055),Feb.10-Feb.26MastersofJapanesePhotographyTimelessbeautyandurbanbadconditionsarethetwinpolesofpost-SecondWorldWarJapanesephotography.Focusingontheformer,whileallowingspaceforthelatter,thisviewofthreekeyfigures-NobuyoshiAraki,EikohHosoeandKikujiKawada-featuresaround60worksandshowsthetechnicalskillsofJapanesephotographersoverthisperiod.SainsburyCentreforVisualArts,Norwich(01603593199),Mar.8-Mar.19

TheRadicalEyeDrawnfromoneoftheworld’sgreatestphotographiccollections-yes,EltonJohn’s-thisastonishingshowfocusesonthekeyperiodbetweentheTwentiesandFifties,withsomephotosbyManRayandkeyworksbyBrassai,LangeandKertesz.Aphototakesonacompletelydifferentfeelwhenyouexperimentwithexposures,papersandburnishing(抛光)techniqueslikethemasterphotographershere.TateModern,LondonSE1(02078878888),May1-May71．WhatisspecialabouttheTaylorWessingPhotographicPortrait?A．Lastingthelongest. B．Offeringsomemoney.C．Displayingmorephotos. D．Beingaimedatamateurs.2．WhichofthefollowingwillbeonduringtheChristmasholiday?A．TheRadicalEye. B．TheVanishedReality.C．MastersofJapanesePhotography. D．TheTaylorWessingPhotographicPortrait.3．WhereshouldwegototakepartinMastersofJapanesePhotography?A．ModernArtOxford.B．TateModern,LondonSE1.C．NationalPortraitGallery,LondonWC2.D．SainsburyCentreforVisualArts,Norwich.【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些艺术展的内容、展出时间、联系方式和展出地点等信息。1．细节理解题。根据TheTaylorWessingPhotographicPortrait标题下的内容的第一句话“Britain'sleadinginternationalphotographiccompetitionisopentogiftedamateursandprofessionalsfromaroundtheworld,competingforthe￡15,000prize.(英国领先的国际摄影比赛面向来自世界各地的有天赋的业余爱好者和专业人士，他们将争夺￡15000英镑奖金)”可知，这个TheTaylorWessingPhotographicPortrait的特殊之处在于会给获奖的人提供奖金。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据TheVanishedReality下的“ModernArtOxford(01865722733),Dec.15-Dec.31(牛津现代艺术展（01865722733），12月15日至31日)”可知，TheVanishedReality在圣诞节期间展出。故选B。3．细节理解题。根据MastersofJapanesePhotography标题下的“SainsburyCentreforVisualArts,Norwich(01603593199),Mar.8-Mar.19(塞恩斯伯里视觉艺术中心，诺里奇（01603593199），3月8日至3月19日)”可知，如果去参观MastersofJapanesePhotography的话，地点在SainsburyCentreforVisualArts,Norwich。故选D。BParkguardswhowatchNorthAmerica’shighestmountainsayinexperiencedandoverconfidentclimbersaretakingmorerisksandendangeringthemselvesandotherclimbers.Theguardssuggestmanyclimbersaretryingtomoveupthemountaintoofastafterhavingayearof.DenaliinsouthernAlaskais6,190metersabovesealevel.So,climbingitrequiresahighlevelofskill.Climbersalsoneedtoacclimatetohighaltitudes(海拔),whichisnotneededformostmountainsintheUS.TheNationalParkServicerecentlymadeastatementwarningthatmanyclimbersintheAlaskaRangeareshowingsignsofinexperienceandoverconfidence.Afterreportingnodeathsin2018and2019,atleasttwopeoplehavealreadydiedonthemountainin2021.Twootherswereseriouslyinjured,officialssaid.Earlierthismonth,askierfromthestateofColoradodiedafterfallingintoaverydeepcutintheice.AclimberfromthestateofIdahowaskilledbyalargefallingpieceofice.TheguardsmadetheirstatementafteraCanadianclimberwasseriouslyinjuredafterfallingnearly305meters.Hewasnotwearingclimbingropes.Otherclimbersreportedthefall.Peopleinahelicopter(直升机)studyingmountainiceintheareawereabletosavetheman,parkofficialssaid.TheParkServicestatementnamedseveralreasonsfortheincreaseininjuriesanddeaths.Theyincludeextremetiredness,untestedbodyreactionstohighaltitudes,quicklychangingweather,andnotbringingtherightequipment.Inrecentyears,guardssaidtheyhaveseenmoreclimberstrytomakeDenali’stopbyclimbingthe2,134metersfromthefinalbasecamptothetopinoneday.Thisisnearlyimpossibletodoexceptforthemostexperiencedclimbers.Expertssuggestthatclimberstake17to2ldaystoreachthetopofDenali.Thatincludesrestdaysandextradaystowaitoutbadweather.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“acclimateto”inparagraph2probablymean?A．Getusedto. B．Gettiredof.C．Takecontrolof. D．Lookforwardto.5．Whatisspecialaboutclimbersin2021comparedwiththosein2018and2019?A．Theyarenotsoconfident. B．Theyfacehigheraltitudes.C．Mostofthemarebeginners. D．Deathshavecomeupamongthem.6．WhatmistakedidtheCanadianclimbermake?A．Hedidn’ttrainhimselftoclimb. B．Hedidn’tmakesureofhissafety.C．Hedidn’tstaywithotherclimbers. D．Heknewlittleaboutthemountainice.7．Whatisparagraph6mainlyabout?A．Dangersofhavinglittleclimbingexperience.B．Resultsofclimbingmountainsinahurry.C．Causesoftheclimbingaccidents.D．Rulesofsafemountainclimbing.【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过引用负责观察北美最高峰的公园保安的描述：许多经验不足、自负的登山者正在冒更大的风险，危及他们自己和其他登山者试图爬上山顶，论述了引起这些受伤和死亡人数增加的原因。4．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“DenaliinsouthernAlaskais6,190metersabovesealevel.So,climbingitrequiresahighlevelofskill.”（阿拉斯加南部的德纳里峰海拔6190米，所以攀登它需要高超的技巧。）及“whichisnotneededformostmountainsintheUS”（美国大部分山区都不需要），可知美国大部分的山区没有这么高的海拔，对于攀爬者而言不需要高超的技巧。所以划线处所在句为攀爬者需要习惯高海拔，划线处的意思为“习惯”，which此处指代前面整个句子，指攀登者要习惯攀爬高海拔的山脉。选项A符合题意，故选A。5．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Afterreportingnodeathsin2018and2019,atleasttwopeoplehavealreadydiedonthemountainin2021.Twootherswereseriouslyinjured,officialssaid.”（在2018年和2019年报告无人死亡后，2021年至少有两人死于这座山上。官方称，另有两人严重受伤。）可知，相比2018年和2019年的攀登报告，在2021年的报告中报道有攀登者死亡和受伤。选项D与文意相符，故选D。6．细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中“Hewasnotwearingclimbingropes.”（他没有佩戴攀岩绳。）可知，加拿大的队员并没有对自己的安全做好保障。选项B与文意相符，故选B。7．主旨大意题。根据第六段中“TheParkServicestatementnamedseveralreasonsfortheincreaseininjuriesanddeaths.”（公园管理局的声明列举了伤亡人数增加的几个原因。）可知，本段主要说明公园方对引起这些受伤和死亡人数增加的原因的描述。选项C与文意相符，故选C。CItwaslate—anunrecognizedandslowhour.Infrontofmewasalargedog,showinghisjawssohardthathisteethgavealoudsoundwitheachbark.Hiseyeswerelockedonme,desperateforthetoyinmyhand.Buthewasn’tplaying-hewasfeelinguneasy.AsIcautiouslyheldmyground,hisbarkchangedtoashout,thenhegaveashortandfrighteningroar.Thatwaswhenmyuneasegavewaytosomethingfarmoreprimitive:fear.Thiswasnoordinarydog.Dyngo,ten-year-old,hadbeentrainedtopushhissix-stonebodytowardenemies,lockinghisjawsaroundthem.Thisdoghadsavedthousandsoflives.NowhewasinmyflatinWashingtonDC．Just72hoursearlier,IhadtravelledacrossthecountrytogetDyngobackfromLukeAirForceBasenearPhoenix,Arizona,sothathecouldliveouthisremainingyearswithme.Thatfirstnight,May9,2016,afterwe’dsettledintomyhotelroom,Dyngosatonthebedwaitingforme.AsIwasgraduallysleeping,Ifelthisbodymoving,andIsmiled:Dyngoisadogwhodreams.Thenextmorning,whenIcameoutfromthebathroomafterashower,itwaslikesteppingintoahenhousemassacre(屠宰场):feathersfloatedintheair.InthemiddleofthebedwasDyngo,pantingoverapileoftorn-piecespillows.Ontheflighthome,Dyngowasallowedtositatmyfeetinthebroadfirstrow,buthesoonhadboutsofvomiting(呕吐)inbetweenhisattemptstoteartheblanketI’dbroughthim.ThepilotannouncedDyngo’smilitarystatus,inspiringapplausefromthewholecabin.Whenwereachedmyflat,webothcollapsedfromexhaustion.Itwouldbeourlastbitofsharedpeaceformanymonths.5．WhydidtheauthorsayDyngowasnoordinarydog?A．Becauseitwasalargeandfiercedog.B．Becauseitcouldlivewithanyonepeacefully.C．Becauseitwasonceatrainedmilitarydog.D．BecauseithadsavedthousandsoflivesinWashingtonDC．6．WhatcanweconcludefromParagraph4?A．DreamingisanabnormalbehaviorforDyngo.B．Dyngoenjoystearingthingsuplikeotherdogs.C．Dyngoalwayspreparestowaitforhisownerafterashower.D．PantingoverapillowisDyngo’smostfavoriteactivity.7．Howwastheirflighthomeaccordingtothepassage?A．ItwastiringbutinspiringthatDyngoreceivedpassengers’recognition.B．ItwasdisappointingbecauseeveryonewasfrightenedbyDyngo.C．ItwasannoyedthatDyngofellillonboardunexpectedly.D．Itwaspeacefulandsmoothwithoutanybothers.8．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Anewsreport. B．Aguidebook.C．Aresearchpaper. D．Amagazine.【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是军犬Dyngo。5．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Thiswasnoordinarydog.Dyngo,ten-year-old,hadbeentrainedtopushhissix-stonebodytowardenemies,lockinghisjawsaroundthem.(这不是一只普通的狗。10岁的Dyngo接受的训练是将他6英石的身体推向敌人，用嘴咬住敌人。)”和最后一段的“ThepilotannouncedDyngo’smilitarystatus,inspiringapplausefromthewholecabin.(飞行员宣布了Dyngo的军衔，整个机舱都为他鼓掌。)”可知，作者说Dyngo不是普通的狗，因为它曾经是一只训练有素的军犬。故选C。6．推理判断题。根据第四段的“Thenextmorning,whenIcameoutfromthebathroomafterashower,itwaslikesteppingintoahenhousemassacre:feathersfloatedintheair.InthemiddleofthebedwasDyngo,pantingoverapileoftorn-piecespillows.(第二天早上，当我洗完澡从浴室出来时，感觉就像走进了一场鸡舍屠杀：羽毛在空中飘动。在床中央的是Dyngo，它气喘吁吁地躺在一堆破枕头上。)”可知，Dyngo把枕头咬坏了，也就是Dyngo和其他狗一样喜欢撕东西。故选B。7．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“ThepilotannouncedDyngo’smilitarystatus,inspiringapplausefromthewholecabin.Whenwereachedmyflat,webothcollapsedfromexhaustion.(飞行员宣布了Dyngo的军衔，整个机舱都为他鼓掌。当我们到达我的公寓时，我们俩都累倒了。)”可知，在他们回家的航班上Dyngo得到乘客们的认可，这次航班虽然很累，但也很鼓舞人心。故选A。8．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Infrontofmewasalargedog,showinghisjawssohardthathisteethgavealoudsoundwitheachbark.Hiseyeswerelockedonme,desperateforthetoyinmyhand.(在我的面前有一条大狗，它的下颚非常用力，每一次吠叫都使牙齿发出响亮的声音。它的眼睛盯着我，渴望着我手里的玩具。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是军犬Dyngo，因此可能是来自于杂志，故选D。DIt’saconnectedworld,andnearlyeverydevice,appliance,andmachinewithsomesortofcomputerrunninginsideitcanbeconnectedtoothersthroughtheInternetofThings(IoT).Whatagreatleapforwardinthisjourneywecallhumancivilization!Butdoesthisrecentadvancementcomewithadarksecretthatcansomedayturnonus?Aresmartdevicesspiesaroundus?Manysmartappliancestoday,particularlysmartphonesandvirtualassistantsareequippedwithvoicecommandcapabilities.Theycan,therefore,listentoandrecordyourcommentsandconversationsevenafterthey’vecarriedoutyouroriginalcommand.Concernsaboutdevicesturningonvoicecommandbythemselvesandlisteningevenwhenyoudonotenablethefeaturehavealsobeenraised.Thequestionthenis:Whatactuallyhappenswhenyoursmartdeviceislistening?Howmuchinformationgetsrecorded,andwheredoesthiseventuallyendupin?Takealisteningappcalled“Alphonso”asanexample.Youcan’tdownloaditdirectlyfromtheAppStore,butitcomeswithsomegamesandappsthatyoucanfix.Whileyouareplayinggamesonyoursmartphone,AlphonsocomestolifeandlistenstowhatyouarewatchingonTV.Itthenrecordsthisinformationandsendsittosomeserversomewhere,andthedataisanalyzedtobuildaprofileaboutyourTV-viewinghabits.Alphonsoprovesthatdevicescanlistentowhatyousayanddo.Alphonsoprovesthatdevicescanlistentowhatyousayanddo.Now,what’stostopdevicesfromgatheringotherdata?Theycanbemadetolookatchatandtextmessagesoryourcalendar,forexample,everythingaboutyouwouldbefairgame.Somepopularsmarthomeplatformscancontroltheplatformstofallsilentbutstillremainactive,capturingeverywordyouspeakthatcanpotentiallylandyouinsomesortofphishing(网络欺诈)trouble.Thisseemstobethepricewehavetopayfortheconveniencethattechnologygivesus.Privacyseemsnon-existent.Soweshouldthustakestepstoprotectourselvesfromthiseventuality.9．WhatcanweinferaboutIoTmentionedinparagraph1?A．PeoplerelytoomuchonIoT. B．IoTspiesareexactlyamongus.C．IoTcanbeadouble-edgedsword. D．IoTmerelycomeswithadarksecret.10．Whatisthepotentialriskassociatedwithsmartdevices?A．Voicecommandcapabilities B．Personaldataandidentitytheft.C．Originalcommandrecognition. D．Location-basedtrackingfunction.11．Whydoestheauthortake“Alphonso”asanexample?A．Topresenthowsmartdevicessendads. B．Tointroducetheadvantageofvoicecommands.C．Toshowtheusageofdownloadinglisteningapp. D．Toexplainhowhiddenappstealpeople’sprivacy.12．Wheredosethearticlegonext?A．Waystopreventinformationleakage. B．Reasonsforthelossofpersonaldata.C．Tricksofobtainingsensitiveinformation. D．Methodsofinteractionswithtechnologies.【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了智能设备在提供方便的同时，也会有一些潜在的风险。9．推理判断题。根据第一段“It’saconnectedworld,andnearlyeverydevice,appliance,andmachinewithsomesortofcomputerrunninginsideitcanbeconnectedtoothersthroughtheInternetofThings(IoT).Whatagreatleapforwardinthisjourneywecallhumancivilization!Butdoesthisrecentadvancementcomewithadarksecretthatcansomedayturnonus?Aresmartdevicesspiesaroundus?（这是一个相互联系的世界，几乎所有的设备，家用电器，以及运行着某种计算机的机器，都可以通过物联网与其他设备相互联系。在这个我们称之为人类文明的旅程中，这是一个多么大的大跃进啊！但是最近的进步是否伴随着某天会转向我们的黑暗秘密呢？智能设备会在我们周围监视吗？）”可知，通过物联网与其他设备相互联系，是人类文明的进步，但进步也伴随着风险，即泄露我们的秘密，所以可推知，IoT是一把双刃剑。故选C。10．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Whileyouareplayinggamesonyoursmartphone,AlphonsocomestolifeandlistenstowhatyouarewatchingonTV.Itthenrecordsthisinformationandsendsittosomeserversomewhere,andthedataisanalyzedtobuildaprofileaboutyourTV-viewinghabits.Alphonsoprovesthatdevicescanlistentowhatyousayanddo.（当你在智能手机上玩游戏的时候，Alphonso会激活，并且听到了你在电视上看到的东西。然后记录下这些信息，发送到某个服务器上，然后分析这些数据，建立你看电视习惯的档案。Alphonso证明了设备可以听到你说的和做的。）”可知，智能设备会记录我们的数据，并发送到某个服务器上，从而窃取了我们的信息。选项B与文意相符，故选B。11．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Whileyouareplayinggamesonyoursmartphone,AlphonsocomestolifeandlistenstowhatyouarewatchingonTV.Itthenrecordsthisinformationandsendsittosomeserversomewhere,andthedataisanalyzedtobuildaprofileaboutyourTV-viewinghabits.Alphonsoprovesthatdevicescanlistentowhatyousayanddo.（当你在智能手机上玩游戏的时候，Alphonso会激活，并且听到了你在电视上看到的东西。然后记录下这些信息，发送到某个服务器上，然后分析这些数据，建立你看电视习惯的档案。Alphonso证明了设备可以听到你说的和做的。）”推知，通过实例解释了智能设备窃取我们信息的过程，选项D符合题意，故选D。12．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Soweshouldthustakestepstoprotectourselvesfromthiseventuality.（因此，我们应该采取措施，保护自己免受这种可能性。）”可知，此处提出了要保护我们免遭危险的办法是采取措施，所以接下来的内容可能描述一些具体的保护方法。选项A符合题意，故选A。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheLanternFestival,atraditionalChinesefestival,iscelebratedonthe15thdayofthefirstlunarmonth.AnditfallsonTuesdaythisyear.___13___Thedayleadstothefirstfullmoonnightoftheyear,andisalsothenightwhentheearthreturnstospring.ItwasalsoaromanticfestivalinancientChina,providinganopportunityforunmarriedmenandwomentomeet.___14___ButduringtheLanternFestival,itisatraditionthatallpeople?includingthoseyoungwomen，comeoutforlanternshows.Peoplehanglanternseverywhere,intheirhouseorinthestreets,whichdepictvariouscharacters,likeflyingbirds,leapingfishes,andshiningfireworks,showinganatmosphereofjoy.___15___.Anotheractivity，guessingtheanswerstolanternriddles，gaveyoungpeopleachancetointeractwitheachotherandknowmoreabouteachother.Forthousandsofyears,therehavebeennumerouslovestoriesoriginatingduringtheLanternFestival.Besideswatchinglanternsandguessingtheanswerstolanternriddles，therearemanyothertraditionsforthefestival.1.Dragonlanterndance___16___Atthefestival,peopleperformdragonlanterndancesandlookforwardtothisyear’sgoodweatherandpeace.2.LionDancesItissimilartothedragonlanterndance，deliveringgoodwishesandgoodluck.3.EatingyuanxiaoEatingyuanxiaoonLanternFestivalisanothertradition.___17___Thestuffingincludesbeanpaste,sugar，hawthornvariouskindsoffruitandsoon.Itcanbeboiled,friedorsteamed

toeat.A．Chinesepeopleregardthedragonasasymbolofgoodluck.B．HereisaguideforyoutospendahappyIinternFestival.C．Yuanxiaoismadeofglutinousrice,eithersolidorstuffed.D．Almostallpeoplewillcomeoutandappreciatethebeautifulscene.E．Asatraditionalfood,YuanXiaoappealstoalotofpeople.F．Inancienttimes,youngwomen,especiallydaughtersofrespectedfamilies,hardlysteppedouttheirhouses.G．ItisacontinuationofcelebratingtheSpringFestival.【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了中国的元宵节。13．由上句“TheLanternFestival,atraditionalChinesefestival,iscelebratedonthe15thdayofthefirstlunarmonth.AnditfallsonTuesdaythisyear”可知，元宵节是中国的传统节日，农历正月十五是元宵节。今年元宵节是星期二。所以小题1要承接上文，在时间上说明它是新年的延续。故G选项“它是庆祝春节的延续”切题。故选G项。14．由下句“ButduringtheLanternFestival,itisatraditionthatallpeopleincludingthoseyoungwomen，comeoutforlanternshows”可知，但是在元宵节，这是所有人的传统，包括未出嫁的女子都要出来观花灯。所以通过“but”可以判读出，所以小题2要与后一句为转折关系。故F选项“在古代，年轻的女子，特别是大家闺秀，很少走出家门”切题。故选F项。15．由上句“Peoplehanglanternseverywhere,intheirhouseorinthestreets,whichdepictvariouscharacters,likeflyingbirds,leapingfishes,andshiningfireworks,showinganatmosphereofjoy”可知，人们在家里或街上到处挂上灯笼，上面画着飞鸟、飞鱼、焰火等各种各样的人物，表现出欢乐的气氛。所以小题3要总结性地说明几乎所有的人都会出来欣赏这美丽的景色以此说明元宵节的热闹场面。故D选项“几乎所有的人都会出来欣赏这美丽的景色”切题。故选D项。16．由标题“Dragonlanterndance”可知，本段在介绍元宵节的活动之一龙灯舞。所以小题4要说明龙在中国文化中的象征意义。故A选项“中国人把龙视为吉祥的象征”切题。故选A项。17．由下句“Thestuffingincludesbeanpaste,sugar，hawthornandvariouskindsoffruitandsoon”可知，馅料包括豆沙、糖、山楂等各种水果。所以小题5要说明元宵的皮儿是什么制成的和后一句一同说明元宵的组成。故C选项“元宵是用糯米做成的，要么是实心的，要么是馅的。”切题。故选C项。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AI-basedConservationEffortsWhenanendangeredseabirdhitsapowerline,itmakesasound“verymuchlikethelasersoundfromStarWars,”saysconservation(野生动物保护)biologistMarcTravers.Heshould____1____ashisteamfromtheEndangeredSeabirdRecoveryProjectrecordedthousandsofhoursofaudiotodetermineifpowerlinesaffectedlocalseabirds.Traverswastryingtohelpestablishhow____2____birdswerekilledbypowerlinesontheislandofKauaiinHawaiiin2011.Histeamrecorded600hoursofaudioandsenttherecordingstoConservationMetrics,acompanythatassistsconservationeffortswithAIresources.ConservationMetricsusedaprogramto“listen”totherecordingsand____3____thesoundsthatsignifiedbirdelectrocutions(触电身亡).Theresultwas____4____,asthenumberofbirdelectrocutionswasinthethousands.Armedwith____5____thatpowerlineswerekillingasignificantnumberofbirds,theteamworkedwiththelocalutilityservicetoreducebirddeaths.____6____,humanshavebeenpoorguardiansoftheplanet.Humanshavealteredasmuchas97percentoflandecosystems.Keypopulationsof____7____animalshavedroppedasmuchas68percentsince1970.The____8____inbiodiversityaroundtheworldhascreatedadepressingsituation.Conservationefforts____9____keyresourcestheyneedtohaverealimpacts._____10_____,humansnowhaveAI-basedtoolsthatcanhelp.AIcanquicklyandaccurately_____11_____largeamountsofdatacreatedbyobservationsinthefield.ThenotherprogramssuchasPAWS(ProtectionAssistantforWildlifeSecurity)canhelpanalyzethedataandsuggestthemost_____12_____waystofocusconservationefforts.Inlargenationalparksandwildlifereserves,poachers(偷猎者)areadangerforanimalsbothbigandsmall.Someanimalsareworthalotofmoneyontheblackmarket.Parkguardsareleftwithanimpossibletaskbecausethereistoomuchlandto_____13_____.ButthePAWSprogramallowsguardstofocustheirefforts.PAWShasevenpredictedthe_____14_____oftrapsinareasnotyetpatrolled(巡逻)byrangers!Westillfacemanychallengesto_____15_____thelossofwildlife,butAI-poweredprogramspromisetobeapowerfulconservationtool.1．A．assume B．know C．hope D．lead2．A．frequently B．directly C．violently D．rarely3．A．imitate B．locate C．count D．present4．A．puzzling B．demanding C．disturbing D．uplifting5．A．justice B．proof C．image D．wisdom6．A．Intheory B．Bydefinition C．Onthecontrary D．Bymanymeasures7．A．monitored B．enclosed C．requested D．overlooked8．A．decline B．expansion C．climb D．quality9．A．supply B．renew C．lack D．invent10．A．Obviously B．Fortunately C．Interestingly D．Initially11．A．giveaway B．sortthrough C．getover D．makeup12．A．exclusive B．delicate C．effective D．special13．A．convey B．mark C．cover D．hide14．A．emergence B．movement C．evolution D．existence15．A．recover B．reverse C．remove D．reveal【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能有望在野生动物保护领域发挥重要作用。1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他应该知道，因为他的团队来自濒危海鸟恢复项目，录制了数千小时的音频，以确定电线是否影响了当地的海鸟。A.assume假定，假设；B.know知道；C.hope希望；D.lead引领，带路。根据句中“ashisteamfromtheEndangeredSeabirdRecoveryProjectrecordedthousandsofhoursofaudiotodetermineifpowerlinesaffectedlocalseabirds”可知，Travers的团队记录了数千小时的音频，所以他知道海鸟撞到电线时发出的声音。故选B项。2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：特拉弗斯试图帮助确定2011年在夏威夷考艾岛鸟类被电线杀死的频率。A.frequently经常地，频繁地；B.directly直接地；C.violently猛烈地；D.rarely罕有。根据第二段“Theresultwas4,asthenumberofbirdelectrocutionswasinthethousands.”可知，Travers的研究要统计被电死的鸟类的数量，即确定鸟类被电线杀死的频率。故选A项。3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：ConservationMetrics使用了一个程序来听录音，并计算鸟类被电死的声音次数。A.imitate模仿，仿效；B.locate确定……的位置；C.count计数，点数目；D.present颁发，赠送。根据下文“Theresultwas4,asthenumberofbirdelectrocutionswasinthethousands.”可推知，这个程序要统计鸟类被电死的声音的次数。故选C项。4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果是令人不安的，因为被电死的鸟类数量达到了数千只。A.puzzling令人迷惑的；B.demanding苛刻的，难以满足的；C.disturbing令人不安的，引起恐慌的；D.uplifting令人振奋的。根据句中“thenumberofbirdelectrocutionswasinthethousands”可知，被电死的鸟类数量达到了数千只，这是非常令人不安的数据。故选C项。5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了电线正在杀死大量鸟类的证据，该小组与当地公用事业部门合作，以减少鸟类的死亡。A.justice公平，正义；B.proof证明，证据；C.image形象，印象；D.wisdom智慧，才智。根据上文“Theresultwas4,asthenumberofbirdelectrocutionswasinthethousands.”可知，电线正杀死大量鸟类是有科学证据支持的。故选B项。6．考查介词短语辨析。句意：从许多方面来看，人类一直都是这个星球的糟糕守护者。A.Intheory理论上；B.Bydefinition按照定义；C.Onthecontrary正相反；D.Bymanymeasures从许多方面来看。结合常识和下文“Humanshavealteredasmuchas97percentoflandecosystems.”可推知，人类是糟糕的守护者，在从许多方面来看，都表现得很差。故选D项。7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自1970年以来，受监测的主要动物数量下降了68%。A.monitored监测；B.enclosed包围；C.requested请求，要求；D.overlooked忽视，忽略。结合选项和句中“havedroppedasmuchas68percentsince1970”可推知，受监测的动物才会有准确的数据。故选A项。8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：世界各地生物多样性的减少造成了一种令人沮丧的局面。A.decline下降，衰退；B.expansion扩大，扩张；C.climb攀登，攀爬；D.quality质量，品质。根据句中“createdadepressingsituation”可知，生物多样性的减少造成令人沮丧的局面。故选A项。9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：保护工作缺乏产生实际影响所需的关键资源。A.supply供应，提供；B.renew重新开始；C.lack缺乏；D.invent发明，创造。结合上文“adepressingsituation”和下文“tohaverealimpacts”可推知，保护工作缺乏产生实际影响所需的关键资源，情况不容乐观。故选C项。10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，人类现在有基于人工智能的工具可以提供帮助。A.Obviously明显地；B.Fortunately幸运地；C.Interestingly有趣地；D.Initially开始，最初。上文说保护工作情况不容乐观，结合句中“humansnowhaveAI-basedtoolsthatcanhelp”可知，人工智能工具能提供帮助，这是幸运地。故选B项。11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：人工智能可以快速、准确地对现场观察产生的大量数据进行分类。A.giveaway赠送；B.sortthrough分类，整理；C.getover克服；D.makeup组成。结合常识和句中“largeamountsofdata”可推知，人工智能可以快速、准确地分类和整理数据。故选B项。12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，其他程序，如PAWS(野生动物安全保护助理)可以帮助分析数据，并提出最有效的方法来集中保护工作。A.exclusive专用的；B.delicate柔和的；C.effective有效的；D.special特殊的。根据“suggest”和“waystofocusconservationefforts”可推知，像PAWS之类的程序在分析数据后，能提出最有效的方法。故选C项。13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：公园警卫面临着一项不可能完成的任务，因为有太多的土地需要巡逻。A.convey传送，运输；B.mark做记号，做标记；C.cover覆盖，行走；D.hide隐藏。根据上文“animpossibletaskbecausethereistoomuchland”可知，对于公园警卫来说，有太多的土地需要巡逻，是不可能的任务，动词cover意为“行走(一段路程)”，本题中可理解为“巡逻”。故选C项。14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：PAWS甚至预测出在一些还没有巡逻的地区存在的捕捉动物的陷阱。A.emergence出现，显现；B.movement移动，转移；C.evolution进化，演变；D.existence存在，实有。结合上文“Inlargenationalparksandwildlifereserves,poachers(偷猎者)areadangerforanimalsbothbigandsmall”可知，偷猎者会铺设捕捉动物的陷阱，而PAWS可以作出预测。故选D项。15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：要彻底改变野生动物减少的现状，我们仍然面临许多挑战，但人工智能程序有望成为一个强大的保护工具。A.recover恢复，康复；B.reverse彻底改变（决定、政策、趋势等）；C.remove移开，拿开；D.reveal揭示，透露。根据句中“facemanychallenges”和“thelossofwildlife”可知，要彻底改变野生动物减少的现状仍面临巨大挑战。故选B项。第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark(GPNP).___1___