2025年人教新起点必修1英语下册月考试卷含答案

…………○…………内…………○…………装…………○…………内…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…………※※请※※不※※要※※在※※装※※订※※线※※内※※答※※题※※…………○…………外…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…………第=page22页，总=sectionpages22页第=page11页，总=sectionpages11页2025年人教新起点必修1英语下册月考试卷含答案考试试卷考试范围：全部知识点；考试时间：120分钟学校：______姓名：______班级：______考号：______总分栏题号一二三四五六总分得分评卷人得分一、选择题(共6题，共12分)1、Tobeexact,all________isneededisasupplyofoil.A.thethingB.thatC.whatD.which2、Nowadaysstudentsgotokeyuniversitiesjustforaformal________,whichmayhelpthemhuntforagoodjobinthefuture.A.electionB.preparationC.graduationD.qualification3、Histechniquehasdevelopedtothepoint_____hecanrepairmanyoftheelectricallypoweredfarmmachines.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which4、Whathehasdoneisreally______.Nowhisparentsare_____him.A.disappointing;disappointedatB.disappointing;disappointedaboutC.disappointing;disappointedwithD.disappointed;disappointingby5、Offeredthepositionofchairman,Smith________,preferringtokeephiscurrentjob.A.decreasedB.debatedC.decidedD.declined6、Thearchaeologistsaskedtheboytotakethemtotheplace________hehadfoundthestone.A.whichB.asC.howD.where评卷人得分二、阅读选择(共2题，共4分)7、Perhaps,youareasmartpersonwithgoodknowledgeandcreativeideas,butwhenyoumovetoanewenvironmentorhavetoworkwithsomenewpeople,itisnotalwayseasyforthemtorecognizeyouorrespectyouimmediately.____Howcanyougetotherpeopletopayattentiontoyouandrespectyou?Becuriousandbewillingtolearnnewthings.Movingtoanewworkingenvironment,youmayneedtodealwithnewthingsorskills.____Insuchacase,peoplewhoaremorewillingtolearnnewthingscanbecomemoreflexibleandbeabletomeetnewrequirementsintheirjob.____Learningorworkinginanewenvironment,youneedtohaveagoodsenseofjudgementwhenjoiningadiscussionormakingadecision.Youshouldconsiderwhatisvirtuallyright,andlookforlong-termgoals,andnotbedistractedbysmallchoicesfortheshortterm.Beconfidentandmakeeyecontactwhentalkingtopeople.Whenyougooutandmeetpeople,itisimportanttolookconfident.Forexample,ifyouaregoingtoaninterview,butyoudon’tfeelconfident,whatcanyoudo?Beforeyouwalkin,thinktoyourself,“Iowntheroom.”____Remembertolookotherpeopleintheeye—it’sthekeytocreatingaconnectionwithpeople.Soon,youwillfeelasconfidentasyoulook.Setcleargoalsandlearn.Whenworkingtogetherwithothers,itisimportantthatyouhaveaclearvisionandaworkingplantoachieveit.Letpeopleknowwhatyoustandfor.Youneedtofindoutwhichideascanreallyunitepeopleandthenexpressthoseideasclearly.____.Behelpfultoothers.Whenworking,don’tfocusonwhatisyourworkandwhatisn’t.Afterdo-ingyourownwork,alwaysbereadytohelpothers.。A．Howcanyoubealeadersoon?B．Howcanyougetalongwithothers?C．Then,walkinholdingyourheadhighandsmile.D．Quiteoften,theydon’tbelongtoyourownfield.E．Remembernottojudgeapersonbyhisappearance.F．Also,treatyourteammembersrespectfullyasequals.G．Haveagoodsenseofjudgementonimportantaspects.8、Conflictisanunavoidablepartoflife.Sohowcanwesavemeaningfulrelationshipsafterafightwithourlovedones?____Ifyouarecurrentlystrugglingtoseekforgiveness,considerthesecrucialstepstoapologizeeffectively.Saythewords.Afterhoursofquarreling,manypeoplestruggletosummonupthecouragetosay“Iamsorry.”Tosomeitisalmostequaltoadmittingdefeat,andnoonelikestolose.____Instead,theymaybuyflowersorofferabackrub,convincedthatsurelythismustbeenough.Butisit?Wordsareactuallyquiteuseful.____Itiseasytothinkyouarethevictiminafight.Wetendtominimizeourownerrorswhileexaggeratingthemistakesofothers.Thisisthewaywerationalize(合理化)ouractionsinconflicts.Simplyput,wemakeexcuses.Butifearningforgivenessisyourultimategoal,thenattempttobelessdefensivethenexttimeyoufindyourselfinafight.Stopmakingexcusesforyourselfandyourbehaviorandownuptoyouractions.Askforthechancetomakeuporpayforyourmistakes.Thisgestureisevenmoreeffectiveifitcomesatsomepersonalcosttoyou.Sopayforthatbrokenwindowwithyourallowance,buyyoursisteranewpairofheadphonesafteraquarrel,oroffertohelpyourpartnerwithextrahouseworkafterarguments.____Apologiesdowork,butbemindfulthathowyouapologizealsomatters.____Whenyouneedmorethanit,extraworkisneededtodeveloptherelationship,likeseekingprofessionaladvicefromexperts.。A．Takeresponsibilityforyourownwrongdoing.B．Onecriticalwayisbylearninghowtoapologize.C．Manypeopletrytoavoidutteringthoselittlewords.D．Second,realactionsshouldcomeaftersweetwords.E．It’snecessarytoremembertoavoidfinanciallossesinafight.F．Intheend,youwillbefurtheralongintheforgivenessprocess.G．Andsometimesanapologyisnotenoughtorepairarelationship.评卷人得分三、用单词的适当形式完成(共7题，共14分)9、【题文】Isthisthemuseum______youoncevisited?(用适当的词填空)10、【题文】Ididn’tbelievethereason______hereferredtotheotherdayatthepressconference.(用适当的词填空)11、【题文】Amiludeer________(shoot)deadjustnow.(所给词的适当形式填空)12、【题文】Haveyoueveraskedhimthereason_____mayexplainhisabsence?(用适当的词填空)13、【题文】Itiswell­knowntotheworld________MarkTwainwasagreatAmericanwriter.(用适当的词填空)14、【题文】Thisistheperfectopportunitytostepoutsideofyourcomfortzoneandintroduceyourselftopeoplefromanotherdivision________youmaynothavemet.（用适当的词填空）15、【题文】Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword:fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Morningornight?Whichtimeofdaydoyouenjoythemostandaremorementallyalert?____oneyouprefer,thereisanameforyou.Earlybirdsormorninglarks(云雀),asyoucanguess,aremorningpeople.Theyhavemoreenergyinthemorningandarehappytogreettheday.____theyriseearly,theyloseenergyinthelateafternoon.Therefore,morninglarkstendtohitthehayearly.Asmostofsocietyrunsondaylighthours,morninglarksareseenasproductivepeople.Asthesayinggoes:“Theearlybirdgetstheworm.”Nightowlsaretheoppositeofmorninglarks.Thesepeoplehave____(little)energyinthemorning.Theywouldrathergetafewmorehoursofsleepthanrisewiththesun.Butontheotherside,nightowlscomealiveinthelateeveninghours.Theybecomeenergeticandfindinspirationinthemoonlight.It’snosurprise____theycantheyupwellintothenight.Whileallbirds____(create)equal,somenightowlswishtheycouldriseearlier.Ifyouareoneofthem,herearesometipstohelpyoucatchthatworm.People____notadjusttheirbedtimesovernight(一夜之间).Sofarthosenightowlswishingtoriseatdawn,startwitha15-minutechange.Gotobed15minutesearlierthanusualandwakeupthatmuchearlieraswell.Keepthepatterngoinguntilyoufindyourself____(rise)withthesun.Thoughitmaybechallenging.startyourmorningwithasmuchlightaspossible.Openthecurtains.Turnonthelights.Seewhat____differenceitmakesinhelpingyoustartyourday.Tomakethechangefromowltolarkyouneedtobeconsistentandriseearlyeveryday.Don’tworkhardtoriseearlyduringtheweekonly____(sleep)inonweekends.Pickanhourtowakeup,anddoiteveryday.Forthenightowlsoutthere,hopefullythesetips____(make)yourmorningsmorebearable.评卷人得分四、根据课文内容填空(共1题，共2分)16、阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Ofallthetraditionalfestivals,theharvestfestivalcanbefoundinalmosteveryculture.Thisimportant____festivaltakesplaceafterallthecropshavebeen____in.Peoplecelebratetoshowthattheyare____fortheyear’ssupplyoffood.InancientEgypt,theharvestfestivalwascelebratedduringthespringtime—theEgyptianharvest____.Today,insomeEuropeancounties,people____churchesandtownballswithflowersandfruitandgettogethertocelebrateoverameal.评卷人得分五、概要写作(共3题，共21分)17、阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Wateringiskeytogrowingplantswell,soherewelookathowtogetitjustright.Thisnotonlymeansprovidingthewaterourgardensneedbutusingitwisely.WaterisapreciousresourceandsuppliesintheUKareunderpressurefromtheeffectsofclimatechange,populationincreaseandtheneedtoprotecttheenvironment.Generally,severalaspectsneedtobeconsidered.WhentowaterWaterinthemornings,ifyoucan,asthisiswhenthesuncomesupandplantsstarttotranspire(蒸腾)insunlight,drawingwaterfromthesoil,throughtheirroots,uptheirstemsandtotheirleaves.Eveningwateringisalsofine,asthecoolerconditionsmeanlesswaterislosttoevaporation(蒸发).Wateringintheheatofthedayisnotagoodidea,asmuchwaterislostthroughevaporationfromthesurfaceofthesoil.Plantswillusewatermoreefficientlyifwateredinthecoolerpartsoftheday.HowtowaterWateringthoroughlymatters.Ithelpsgetthewaterdowntothedeeperroottipswhereit’sneeded.But,equallyimportant,thesoildoesn’thavetobereallywetallthetimebecauseplantsrootsneedairaswellaswatertogrowwell.Otherwise,theremightbenoflowerorfruit,andevenaworseresultmightcomealong.OthertipsTousewaterinthemosteconomicalway,it’sgoodtolearndifferentplants’wateringrequirements.Forexample,acontainerplantinhotsunnyweathermayneedwateringdaily,whereasamatureshrubmightonlyneedadrinkinextremedrought.Annualflowersandvegetablesproducedinthespringarelikelytoneedmorewateringthanself-sownorautumngrownplantsastheyhavenewandshallowrootsystems.So,don’ttreatalltheplantsinthesameway.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________18、Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Sellingyourstuffonlinedoesnotonlyhelptodeclutter(清理)yourhomeandgetridofthingsyoudon’tneed,butitcanalsobeagreatsourceofincome.Booksyou’renotplanningonreadingagaintakingupspaceonyourshelf?Sellthemonline.Upgradingyourphone?Findalocalbuyeronsocialmedia.Sellingonlinecomeswithcertainpitfallstoo,though,anditpaystobediligentwhenyou’recrossingthethreshold(门槛)fromcustomertoseller.Onethingyouneedtoconsidercarefullyistheplatformonwhichyouaregoingtoadvertise.Mostbigplayersinthefieldaresopopularwithsellers,notjustbecausetheycangiveyouaccesstoabiggerpoolofpotentialcustomers,butalsobecausetheyofferinsurancebothtothesellerandthebuyer,whichgivesbothbuyersandsellersmoreconfidence.Thedownside,however,isthatyouwillgenerallyneedtopayanupfrontfee(预付费)forusingtheplatform,andmayalsohavetosacrificeacutofyourprofittothecompany.What’smore,youneedtobuildupareputationbeforebuyerscantrustyou-whichmeansyoumighthavetosettleforlowerpricesuntilyouhaveahighrating.Youcanusesomeplatformsthateitherchargeasmallerfeeforadvertisingorevennofeeatall-but,inthatcase,whatyouwillneedtokeepinmindisyoursafety,especiallyifthevalueoftheproductyou’resellingishigh.Mostprospectivebuyerswillbegenuine,butit’salwaysbesttomeetduringthedayatapublicplacesuchasacoffeeshop,alibrary,orasupermarketparkinglot-anywheremonitoredbysecuritycamerasisgood.Alwayskeeptheproductclosetoyou,andcheckthatthemoneyhasbeenreleasedintoyouraccountor-ifyou’rebeingpaidbycash-thatyouhavebeengiventhefullamountbeforerelinquishingyouritems.Afewmorethingstokeepinmind:alwaysbeaccuratewithyourdescriptionsoftheitemsyouareselling,especiallyifadvertisingonabigplatform.Thelastthingyouwantistobeaccusedoffraudandbannedfromthewebsite.Don’tgiveoutyourfullname,either-keepyourlastnameprivate.Identitytheftmightberareinsuchtransactions,butit’salwaysbettertobecareful.Youmightthinkmanyofthesesoundlikecommonsenserules,andtheyare,butmanyfirst-timesellersnaivelyforgettotakeprecautionswhensellingtheirstuffonline.Attheendoftheday,it’suptoyoutodecidethewayinwhichyouarecomfortablewithconductingbusinessonline-butrememberthatasmart,preparedsellerisahappyseller.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________19、阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Confidenceinpublicspeakingisimportantbecauseitallowsyoutotakeyourfocusoffyourselfandfocusontheaudienceinstead.Thisispossiblebyhavingahealthyattitudetowardstheaudience.Unlikemanyspeakersthatwonderwhethertheaudiencelikethem,withconfidenceyourfocuswillshiftawayfromwhethertheaudiencelikeyouandmovetowardsbuildingaharmoniousrelationshipfromthemomentyousteponstage.Manyspeakershaveablankmindonstagebecausetheyhavesomanycompetingthoughtswhichmakethemupsetabouttheresultandtheresponseoftheaudience.Beingconfidentmeansyoucanthinkstraightandmanageyourthoughtseffectively.Gettingridofdistractingthoughtsallowsyoutoconcentrateondeliveringthemessage.Speakersthatlackconfidenceoftensaysomethingthatisnotlinkedtothestoryandusecomplexlanguage,sotheirmessagecanmaketheaudiencepuzzled.Confidentspeakerssendamessagewhichisrelevant,simpleandhonestandtheyusepersonalstoriestobuildaconnection.Themessageiswhattheaudienceneedorwanttohearaboutandnotjustsimplywhattheywanttospeakabout.Speakersshouldkeepinmindthattheyshouldprepareamessagewhichisfullofcontentdesignedfortheaudienceinsteadofcontentdesignedtomakethemunabletounderstand.Thereisnodoubtthatconfidenceisimportant.Ifaspeakerhasconfidence,theaudienceinmostcasesrespondpositivelytohimorher.Aspeakerlackinginconfidencemayattempttomaskitinmanyways,onlytoresultinbeingtreatedasanarrogant(自大的)person.Theaudienceareleftquestioningthespeaker’smotivationforbeingonstageinthefirstplace.Aconfidentspeakerislesslikelytohavetheunknownfactors.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________评卷人得分六、根据所给汉语提示填空(共3题，共24分)20、TheEnglishCornerisanactivity________(我们可以练习口语)．（根据汉语提示完成句子）21、Aftertryingmanyjobs,she________(最终成为)teachingEnglishasaforeignlanguageinChina.(根据汉语提示完成句子)22、________(是时候放下)yourunpleasantpastexperiences.（根据汉语提示完成句子）参考答案一、选择题(共6题，共12分)1、B【分析】【详解】

考查定语从句。句意：确切地说，我们所需要的只是石油的供应。根据所给句子结构分析可知，此处为关系词引导定语从句，先行词为不定代词all，指物，先行词在从句中充当宾语，因此需要使用关系代词that。故选B。2、D【分析】【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，学生上重点大学只是为了获得一个正式学历，这可能有助于他们在未来找到一份好工作。A.election选举；B.preparation准备；C.graduation毕业；D.qualification资格，学历。结合“Nowadaysstudentsgotokeyuniversities”可知，学生上大学是为了获得正式学历，故选D。3、C【分析】【详解】

考查定语从句。句意：他的技术已经发展到可以修理许多电动农用机械的程度。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，从句中缺少状语，所以需用关系副词来引导，又因为先行词point意为“程度、地步”，属于抽象意义上的地点，所以用关系副词where引导。故选C项。4、C【分析】【详解】

考查-ed形容词和-ing形容词辨析。句意：他做的事情真的很令人失望，现在他的父母失望了。-ing形容词disappointing“令人失望的”，一般修饰物；-ed形容词disappointed“感到失望的”，一般修饰人或人的表情。第一个空处作表语表示他做的事情是令人失望的，所以用disappointing，第二个空处作人hisparents的感受，用disappointed。短语：bediappointedwith“对感到失望”，故选C。5、D【分析】【详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：史密斯谢绝了董事长的职位，宁愿继续做他目前的工作。A.decreased减少；B.debated争辩；C.decided决定；D.declined谢绝。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，结合“preferringtokeephiscurrentjob.”可知，此处表示“谢绝”应为decline，故选D项。6、D【分析】【详解】

考查定语从句。句意：考古学家要求男孩带他们去他发现石头的地方。分析句子可知，空处及之后的内容在句中为定语从句，先行词为place，在从句中作状语，表示发现石头的地方，选项D符合题意，故选D。二、阅读选择(共2题，共4分)7、略

【分析】【导语】

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些在新环境下与人相处的建议。

【小题1】

根据上文提示“Perhaps,youareasmartpersonwithgoodknowledgeandcreativeideas,butwhenyoumovetoanewenvironmentorhavetoworkwithsomenewpeople,itisnotalwayseasyforthemtorecognizeyouorrespectyouimmediately.（也许，你是一个聪明的人，有良好的知识和创造性的想法，但当你搬到一个新的环境或必须与一些新的人一起工作时，他们并不总是容易立即认出你或尊重你。）”，再根据下文提示“Howcanyougetotherpeopletopayattentiontoyouandrespectyou?（你怎样才能让别人注意到你并尊重你呢?）”可知，设空处应该在说“怎样让人关注你、尊重你”。承接上下文，B项Howcanyougetalongwithothers?（你如何与他人相处?）切题。故选B。

【小题2】

根据上文提示“Movingtoanewworkingenvironment,youmayneedtodealwithnewthingsorskills.（转到一个新的工作环境，你可能需要处理新的事物或技能。）”可知，新环境不是你的领域。承接上文，D项Quiteoften,theydon’tbelongtoyourownfield.（通常情况下；它们并不属于你自己的领域。）切题。故选D。

【小题3】

该空是小标题，结合上下段的标题，这里用祈使句，应该在E、G项中选择。再根据下文提示“Learningorworkinginanewenvironment,youneedtohaveagoodsenseofjudgementwhenjoiningadiscussionormakingadecision.（在一个新的环境中学习或工作，当你加入讨论或做决定时，你需要有良好的判断力。）”可知，在新环境判断力很重要。所以G项Haveagoodsenseofjudgementonimportantaspects.（在重要方面有良好的判断力。）切题。故选G。

【小题4】

根据上文提示“ifyouaregoingtoaninterview,butyoudon’tfeelconfident,whatcanyoudo?Beforeyouwalkin,thinktoyourself,‘Iowntheroom.’（如果你要去面试，但你感到不自信，你该怎么办?在你走进去之前，对自己说:“我是这个房间的主人。”）”可知，接下来要抬头、微笑，展示自信。承接上文，C项Then,walkinholdingyourheadhighandsmile.（然后；昂首微笑地走进去。）切题。故选C。

【小题5】

根据上文提示“Letpeopleknowwhatyoustandfor.Youneedtofindoutwhichideascanreallyunitepeopleandthenexpressthoseideasclearly.（让人们知道你的立场。你需要找出哪些想法能真正团结人们，然后清楚地表达这些想法。）”可知，你要平等对待团队里的成员。承接上文，F项Also,treatyourteammembersrespectfullyasequals.（同时，平等地尊重你的团队成员。）切题。F项中的also将该项与上文紧密连在一起。故选F。【解析】【小题1】B

【小题2】D

【小题3】G

【小题4】C

【小题5】F8、略

【分析】【导语】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了吵架后应该如何有效地道歉。

【小题1】

上文“Sohowcanwesavemeaningfulrelationshipsafterafightwithourlovedones?(那么，在和爱人吵架后，我们该如何挽救有意义的关系呢？)”提出一个问题，和爱人吵架后应该如何挽救这段关系。下文“Ifyouarecurrentlystrugglingtoseekforgiveness,considerthesecrucialstepstoapologizeeffectively.(如果你正在努力寻求原谅；考虑以下关键步骤来有效地道歉)”提到有一些有效道歉的方法，所以空处是回答上文的问题，吵架后应该道歉来寻求原谅，B项“一个关键的方法是学习如何道歉”符合语境，故选B。

【小题2】

根据上文“Tosomeitisalmostequaltoadmittingdefeat,andnoonelikestolose.(对一些人来说，这几乎等于承认失败，没有人喜欢失败)”可知，一些人认为吵架后说“对不起”等于承认失败，结合下文“Instead,theymaybuyflowersorofferabackrub,convincedthatsurelythismustbeenough.(相反；他们可能会买花或为你按摩背部，因为他们确信这就足够了)”可知，这些人不想承认自己失败，他们不说“对不起”，反而通过买花或为你按摩背部来寻求原谅，C项“许多人试图避免说这出简短的这几个字”符合语境，故选C。

【小题3】

空处是段落主题句，根据本段最后一句“Stopmakingexcusesforyourselfandyourbehaviorandownuptoyouractions.(不要再为自己和自己的行为找借口；要勇于承认自己的行为)”可知，本段主要讲述不要为自己的行为找借口，要勇于承担责任，A项“为自己的错误承担责任”符合语境。故选A。

【小题4】

本段第二句“Thisgestureisevenmoreeffectiveifitcomesatsomepersonalcosttoyou.(如果你付出了一些个人的代价，这种姿态会更有效)”提到，如果付出一些个人的代价，道歉会更有效，空前一句“Sopayforthatbrokenwindowwithyourallowance,buyyoursisteranewpairofheadphonesafteraquarrel,oroffertohelpyourpartnerwithextrahouseworkafterarguments.(所以；用你的零用钱赔偿打碎的窗户，在争吵后给你的妹妹买一副新耳机，或者在争吵后帮助你的伴侣做额外的家务)”列举了一些付出个人代价的实际行为，所以会更容易获得原谅，F项“最后，你会在原谅的过程中更进一步”符合语境，故选F。

【小题5】

下文“Whenyouneedmorethanit,extraworkisneededtodeveloptherelationship,likeseekingprofessionaladvicefromexperts.(当你需要更多的时候，就需要额外的工作来发展关系，比如向专家寻求专业建议)”是描述道歉不起作用的情况下该怎么办，所以G项“有时候，道歉并不足以修复一段关系”符合语境，故选G。【解析】【小题1】B

【小题2】C

【小题3】A

【小题4】F

【小题5】G三、用单词的适当形式完成(共7题，共14分)9、略

【分析】【解析】

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意：这是你曾经参观的那个博物馆吗？空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是museum，从句缺少宾语，可用which/that引导。故答案是that/which。【解析】【答案】that##which10、略

【分析】【解析】

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意：我不相信他前几天在新闻发布会上提到的原因。空处引导定语从句，先行词thereason指物，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。【解析】【答案】that##which11、略

【分析】【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态语态。句意：一只麋鹿刚才被打死了。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，主语amiludeer与动词shoot之间为被动关系，应用被动语态bedone结构，结合时间状语justnow可知，此处表示过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数形式，故谓语也用单数。故填wasshot。【解析】【答案】wasshot12、略

【分析】【解析】

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意：你有没有问过他缺席的原因？分析可知，“_____mayexplainhisabsence”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词thereason，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用that/which来引导。故填that或which。【解析】【答案】that##which13、略

【分析】【解析】

【详解】

考查主语从句。句意：众所周知，马克·吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“Itiswell­knownthat”，意为“是众所周知的”，句中“It”作形式主语，空格处应用“that”引导从句作真正的主语。故填that。【解析】【答案】that14、略

【分析】【解析】

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意：这是一个绝佳的机会，可以走出你的舒适区，向来自另一个部门的人介绍你自己，而这些人你可能没有见过。设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语，先行词为people指人，可用关系代词whom/who/that引导。故填whom/who/that。【解析】【答案】whom##who##that15、略

【分析】【解析】

【导语】

这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了早起鸟和夜猫子的区别；以及如何从夜猫子变成早起鸟的一些建议。

【小题1】

考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你喜欢哪一个，都有一个适合你的名字。结合句意可知空处引导让步状语从句，表示“无论哪一个”用whichever；此处whichever为形容词，作one的定语，首字母大写。故填Whichever。

【小题2】

考查原因状语从句。句意：因为它们起得早，下午晚些时候就会失去精力。结合句意，空处引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”用because；强调直接造成某种结果的理由和原因，首字母大写。故填Because。

【小题3】

考查形容词最高级。句意：这些人早上精力最少。本句“Thesepeople”指前文“Nightowls”，与早起鸟相反，夜猫子早上的精力最少，故用形容词的最高级least修饰名词energy。故填least。

【小题4】

考查主语从句。句意：他们能熬夜到深夜也不足为奇。本句使用了“it+be+n.+that”句型。It为形式主语；因此空处引导主语从句，该从句主干成分完整，句意完整，故用连接词that引导该从句。故填that。

【小题5】

考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：虽然所有的鸟类都是平等的，但有些夜猫子希望自己能早点起床。While引导的让步状语从句缺谓语，描述一般性事实，且从句主语allbirds是复数，和从句谓语动词create之间为动宾关系，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，主谓保持一致。故填arecreated。

【小题6】

考查情态动词。句意：人们不能一夜之间调整睡觉时间。分析句子可知；本句谓语不完整，结合句意表示“不能够”用cannot。故填can。

【小题7】

考查非谓语动词。句意：保持这种模式，直到你发现自己随着太阳起床。分析句子可知，until引导的时间状语从句中有谓语find，故使用非谓语动词。yourself和rise之间为主动关系，故用现在分词做宾补。故填rising。

【小题8】

考查冠词。句意：看看它在帮你重新开始一天上有何不同。what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句；makeadifference是固定短语；意为“有区别”。故填a

【小题9】

考查非谓语动词。句意：不要在一周中早起努力工作；结果周末却睡懒觉。onlytodosth.表示“结果却”。故用不定式作结果状语。故填tosleep。

【小题10】

考查时态。句意：对于夜猫子来说，希望这些建议能让你的早晨更能坚持得住。本句缺谓语，结合“hopefully”可知，时态采用一般将来时。故填willmake。【解析】【答案】【小题1】Whichever

【小题2】Because

【小题3】least

【小题4】that

【小题5】arecreated

【小题6】can

【小题7】rising

【小题8】a

【小题9】tosleep

【小题10】willmake

四、根据课文内容填空(共1题，共2分)16、略

【分析】【导语】

这是一篇说明文。在所有的传统节日中；丰收节几乎可以在每一种文化中找到。这个重要的农业节日发生在所有的农作物已经聚集在一起，人们庆祝以表示他们对一年的食物供应的感激。在古埃及，丰收节是在春天庆祝的——埃及的丰收季节。今天，在一些欧洲国家，人们用鲜花和水果装饰教堂和市镇舞会，并聚在一起吃饭庆祝。

【小题1】

考查形容词。句意：这个重要的农业节日是在所有的庄稼都收割完毕后举行的。根据句意“农业的”可知应填形容词agricultural，作定语修饰名词festival。故填agricultural。

【小题2】

考查动词。句意：这个重要的农业节日是在所有的庄稼都收割完毕后举行的。根据句意表示“收割”应用动词gather，结合上文allthecropshavebeen可知为现在完成时的被动语态。故填gathered。

【小题3】

考查形容词。句意：人们庆祝是为了表示他们对这一年的食物供应表示感激。作表语，结合句意表示“感激”应用形容词grateful。故填grateful。

【小题4】

考查名词。句意：在古埃及；丰收节是在春天庆祝的——埃及的丰收季节。结合句意表示“季节”应用名词season，此处为特指应用单数。故填season。

【小题5】

考查动词。句意：今天，在一些欧洲国家，人们用鲜花和水果装饰教堂和市镇舞会，并聚在一起吃饭庆祝。根据上文today可知为一般现在时，结合句意表示“装饰”应用动词decorate，主语为people，谓语用原形。故填decorate。【解析】【小题1】agricultural

【小题2】gathered

【小题3】grateful

【小题4】season

【小题5】decorate五、概要写作(共3题，共21分)17、略

【分析】【导语】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是如何正确浇水；包括什么时候浇水，怎么浇水及如何以最经济的方式用水。

【详解】

1要点摘录。

①Wateringiskeytogrowingplantswell,soherewelookathowtogetitjustright.Thisnotonlymeansprovidingthewaterourgardensneedbutusingitwisely.

②Waterinthemornings,ifyoucan,asthisiswhenthesuncomesupandplantsstarttotranspireinsunlight,drawingwaterfromthesoil,throughtheirroots,uptheirstemsandtotheirleaves.

③Wateringthoroughlymatters.Ithelpsgetthewaterdowntothedeeperroottipswhereit’sneeded.

④Tousewaterinthemosteconomicalway,it’sgoodtolearndifferentplants’wateringrequirements.

2.缜密构思将第1要点作为总说；将第2；3、4三个要点进行重组，作为分说。

3.遣词造句。

Itisnecessarythatwewaterright,whichmeansprovidingthewaterourgardensneedwisely.

Youshouldwaterinthemorningwhenthesuncomesupandplantsstarttotranspireinsunlight,drawingwaterfromthesoil.

Youshouldwaterthoroughly,whichhelpsgetthewaterdowntothedeeperroottips.

Tousewaterinaneconomicalway,it’sgoodtolearndifferentplants’wateringrequirements.

【点睛】

[高分句型1]Itisnecessarythatwewaterright,whichmeansprovidingthewaterourgardensneedwisely.运用了一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第一段进行了概括。其中that引导的是主语从句；which引导的是非限制性定语从句。

[高分句型2]Youshouldwaterinthemorningwhenthesuncomesupandplantsstarttotranspireinsunlight,drawingwaterfromthesoil.运用了when引导定语从句对第二段进行了概括，表达非常高级。【解析】Itisnecessarythatwewaterright,whichmeansprovidingthewaterourgardensneedwisely.Youshouldwaterinthemorningwhenthesuncomesupandplantsstarttotranspireinsunlight,drawingwaterfromthesoil.Youshouldwaterthoroughly,whichhelpsgetthewaterdowntothedeeperroottips.Tousewaterinaneconomicalway,it’sgoodtolearndifferentplants’wateringrequirements.18、略

【分析】【导语】

本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在网上销售自己不需要东西的时候应注意的一些问题及销售方法。

【详解】

1.要点摘录。

①Sellingyourstuffonlinedoesnotonlyhelptodeclutter(清理)yourhomeandgetridofthingsyoudon’tneed,butitcanalsobeagreatsourceofincome.

②Onethingyouneedtoconsidercarefullyistheplatformonwhichyouaregoingtoadvertise.

③Mostbigplayersinthefieldaresopopularwithsellers,notjustbecausetheycangiveyouaccesstoabiggerpoolofpotentialcustomers,butalsobecausetheyofferinsurancebothtothesellerandthebuyer,whichgivesbothbuyersandsellersmoreconfidence.

④Thedownside,however,isthatyouwillgenerallyneedtopayanupfrontfee(预付费)forusingtheplatform,andmayalsohavetosacrificeacutofyourprofittothecompany.

⑤What’smore,youneedtobuildupareputationbeforebuyerscantrustyou-whichmeansyoumighthavetosettleforlowerpricesuntilyouhaveahighrating.

⑥Afewmorethingstokeepinmind:alwaysbeaccuratewithyourdescriptionsoftheitemsyouareselling,especiallyifadvertisingonabigplatform.

⑦Don’tgiveoutyourfullname,either-keepyourlastnameprivate.Identitytheftmightberareinsuchtr