2025年高二英语寒假衔接（外研版）寒假作业03 非谓语动词作定语、状语和宾补（原卷版）

答案第=page22页，共=sectionpages88页限时练习：40min完成时间：月日天气：作业03非谓语动词作定语、状语以及宾补积累运用一.非谓语动词的时态和语态形式时态主动被动动词ing一般时doingbeingdone完成时havingdonehavingbeendone不定式一般时todotobedone完成时tohavedonetohavebeendone进行时tobedoing过去分词表被动或完成done二.非谓语动词在句中可充当定语、状语以及宾补情况形式作定语作状语作宾补doing√√√todo√√√done√√√注意：1.现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别.现在分词作定语，表示”主动或进行”；过去分词作定语，表示“被动或完成”。Thehousebuilt50yearsagowillbepulleddownsoon.50多年前被建的这个房子将被拆毁。(thehouse与build构成被动关系)Theworkersbuildingthehousestoppedforarest.建造房子的工人们停下来休息休息。（theworkers与build构成主动关系）不定式作定语，表“将来发生的动作”Thehousetobebuiltwillbecomeanofficebuildingsoon.将被建造的这个房子将成为办公楼。（thehouse与build构成被动关系，又表示将来的动作）2.现在分词、过去分词和不定式作状语的区别现在分词作状语，表示”主动或进行”；过去分词作状语，表示“被动或完成”；不定式作状语，表示目的。Seenfromspace,theearthlooksblue.=Whenitisseenfromspace,theearthlooksblue.当从太空看时，地球是蓝色的。(see与theearth构成被动关系，作时间状语)Seeingtheearthfromspace,wewillfinditblue.=Whenweseetheearthfromspace,we’llfinditblue.当从太空看地球时，我们发现它是蓝色的。（see与we构成主动关系，作时间状语）Hestayedinthelab,devotinghimselftodoingresearch.=Hestayedinthelab,anddevotedhimselftodoingresearch.他待在实验室里，专注于做研究。(he与devoteoneselfto构成主动关系，作伴随状语)Hestayedinthelab,devotedtodoingresearch.=Hestayedinthelab,andwasdevotedtodoingresearch.他待在实验室里，专注于做研究。(he与bedevotedto构成被动关系，作伴随状语)Todevotehimselftodoingresearch,hestayedinthelabdayandnight.为了专注于做研究，他夜以继日得在实验室里待着。（不定式todevoteoneselftodoingresearch作状语，表示“目的”）3.现在分词、过去分词和不定式作宾补的区别（1）”感官动词”+宾语+宾补Iheardhimknockingatthedoor.我听见他一直敲门。(宾语him与knock构成主动关系，表示持续不断的动作)Iheardhimcriticizedbyhisboss.我听见被老板批评。（宾语him与criticize构成被动关系）Iheardhimclosethedoorandgoaway.我听见他关门走了。（宾语him与省略to的不定式closethedoor,goaway构成主动关系，表示一个过程的结束）感官动词包括see,hear,watch,observe,notice等（2）“使役动词”+宾语+宾补Ihadthepartnerposttheletter.我让我的搭档邮寄这封信。（宾语thepartner与宾补post构成主动关系）Ihadtheletterpostedbythepartner.我让我的搭档邮寄这封信。（宾语theletter与post构成被动关系）Ihadthewaterrunning,causingwaste.我让水一直流淌着。（宾语thewater与run构成主动关系，且表示持续不断的动作）使役动词包括have,get,make,keep,leave等（3）with+宾语+宾补WithTeachers’Dayapproaching,theclassmatesexpressedtheirthanksandwishestotheteachers.随着教师节的来临，同学们纷纷表达对老师的感谢和祝福。（Teachers’Day与approach构成主动关系，作时间状语）Isatintheroomforseveralminutes,withmyeyesfixedontheceiling.我坐在屋子里几分钟，眼睛盯着天花板。(myeyes与fixon构成被动关系，作伴随状语)Withalotofworktodo,herefusedtheinvitationtotheparty.有很多工作要做，他拒绝了去晚会的邀请。（alotofwork与do构成被动关系，但表示“将要”，所以用不定式，作原因状语）根据括号内所给的词完成句子1.____________(occupy)himselfintranslatingbooksallthetime,hehasnotimetogocampingwithhisfamily.2.___________(face)withalotofproblems,themanagerwashavingahardtime.3.Theexperts_____________(invite)tothemeetingsoonareprofessorsfrombothhomeandabroad.4.Manyofthestudents____________(hope)toentertheuniversitywillbedisappointedbecauseonlyonethirdofthemwillbeaccepted.5.Theconclusions______________(present)inthatbookstatethatmostoftheautomobileshavesomedefects. 6._____________(convince)thatLiHuahastheabilitytodothejob，Iamwritingtorecommendhimtoyou.7.______________(suffer)fromcancerformanyyears,thesuffererdecidedtogiveupsmoking.8.IsupposeIcangetagoodmarkwhichwillenableme________(enter)myidealcollege.9.Thequestionkeptme___________(consider)myfuturecareerfortherestofthenight.10.Whenshelookedaround,shenoticedaman________(put)hishandintoapassenger’spocket.Sherushedtostopitintime.11.Theboywascaught_______________(cheat)intheexaminationlastweek.12.Aftertheambulancearrived,theyinstantlyhadtheinjured___________(send)tothehospital.13.Withmoreimportance________(attach)totraditionalculturetheseyears,hanfuhasbecomeincreasinglypopular.14．Theforeignertriedtomakehimself___________(understand),butfailed.15.Withalltheproblems_________(solve),theywenthomehappily.16._____________(locate)inthesouthofthecity,themuseumcoversanareaof2.000squaremetres.17.______________(determine)toimprovehisEnglish,hesparednoefforttopracticespeakingEnglish.18._______________(compare)withProfessorYoung,Istillhavealongwaytogo.19.Allforeigners____________(live)inthiscountryhavebeenaskedtoregisterwiththepolice.20.____________(bury)inthebook,Ididn’tnoticehimcomein.一、阅读理解AAyoungJewishgirlbeginsadiaryjustasWorldWarIIisabouttobreakoutinEurope.Sherecordsthedetailsofherdailylife.Eventually,thediarycomestoaheartbreakingendwiththegirlshottodeathbytheNazis.However,it’snotthestoryofAnneFrank.ThisisRenia’sDiary,ajournalthatspentdecadesstoredawayinasafebox.Nowit’scomingoffthepresswiththehelpofRenia’snieceandsister.Foralongtime,ElizabethBellakdidn’tevenknowthatheroldersisterReniahadkeptadiaryasateenagerinPoland.Shewastotallystunnedthatonedayinher50s,someonebroughtthediarytoher.Shebegantoread,butcouldn’tgetveryfar—thetaskprovedtoopainful.Therefore,shejustputitinthebasementanddidn’tthinkaboutit.AlexandraReniaBellak,Elizabeth’sdaughter,whowasnamedafterheraunt,grewupknowingaboutthelockeddiary.Asgettingolder,shebecamemoreinterestedinit.“IfIcouldreadthisdiary,maybeI’llunearth(揭露)somethingsfromthepast,”shethought.Finally,Alexandragotthediaryfromitshidingplace.Sheturnedshockedafterreadingthefirstfewpages.“It’sthedescriptionofawonderful,intelligentgirlwhoshowedgreatcourageindirecircumstances.Myaunt’sworldcomestolifeasthediaryshiftsbetweenthedailyconcernsofateenagegirlandthewar.”ElizabethandAlexandraarethrilledthatRenia’sdiaryhasbeenpublished.“Itisastorythatneedstobeheardnowmorethanever.Weshouldneverrepeatthesametypesofracism(种族主义)andprejudiceandhatethatleadtoactiveviolence,”Alexandrasays.1．WhywasRenia’sDiaryunknowntotheworldforsomanyyears?A．Alexandrawastooafraidtoreadit.B．Itwaslostinthewarandnoonefoundit.C．ThestoryisnotasfamousasAnneFrank’s.D．Elizabethwasemotionallystrickenandhidthediary.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dire”meaninParagraph4?A．Certain.B．Serious.C．Mysterious.D．Crucial.3．WhywasAlexandrasointerestedinRenia’sDiary?A．ShewasquiteinterestedinWorldWarII.B．Shewantedtocomforthersorrowfulmother.C．Shewonderedwhathadhappenedtoheraunt.D．Sheplannedtopublishheraunt’sdairyinthefuture.4．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Renia’sDiarycomingoffthepress. B．Renia’smiserablelifeandherdiary.C．Agirlfightingagainsttheracismandhate. D．ThestoryofaJewishfamilyinWorldWarII.BTheyear2114willbeaneventfuloneforart.InMayofthatyearinBerlin,thephilosopher-artistJonathonKeats’“centurycameras”—cameraswitha100-year-longexposure(曝光)time—willbebroughtbackfromhidingplacesaroundthecitytohavetheirresultsdevelopedandexhibited.Sixmonthsafterthat,theFutureLibraryinOslo,Norway,willstarttowelcomeitsguests,presenting100booksprintedonthewoodoftreesplantedinthedistantpastof2014.AsKatiePaterson,thecreatoroftheFutureLibrary,putsit:“FutureLibraryisanartworkforfuturegenerations.”Theseprojects,morethanacenturyinthemaking,arepartofanewwaveof“slowart”intendedtopushviewersandparticipantstothinkbeyondtheirownlifetimes.Theyaimtochallengetoday’sshort-termthinkingandthebriefattentionspansofmodernconsumers,forcingpeopleintoconsideringworksmoredeliberately.Intheirway,too,theyarefightingagainstmodernculture—notjustregardingmoney,butalsothewayinwhichartisticworthismeasuredbyattention.Inasimilarfashion,everyAprilonSlowArtDay,visitorsareencouragedtostareatfiveworksofartfor10minutesatatime—atoughtaskfortheaveragemuseumvisitor,whotypicallyspendslessthan30secondsoneachpieceofart.LiketheFutureLibrary,thecenturycamerasareverymuchaprojectforcities,sinceit’sincitiesthattimerunsfastestandthepaceoflifeisfastest.“SinceIstartedlivinginacity,I’vesomehowbeenquitedisconnected,”AnneBeateHovind,theFutureLibraryprojectmanager,whodescribedhowworkingonthelibrarydrewherbacktothepaceoflifesheknewwhenshewasgrowinguponafarminheryouth,toldTheAtlanticmagazine.5．Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwillhappenin2114?A．Thewoodoftreesplantedin2014willbemadeintobooks.B．TheFutureLibrarywillbeopentothepublicforthefirsttime.C．Acamerawhichwasproduced100yearsagowillbeexhibited.D．Abookaboutphotoswitha100-yearexposuretimewillcomeout.6．Whatcanwelearnabouttoday’speoplewhentheyadmireworksofart?A．Theyignoreworksofmodernculturedeliberately.B．Theyspendonlyalittletimeinadmiringartworks.C．Theyseldompayattentiontothepriceofartworks.D．Theyfocustoomuchonartisticworthofartworks.7．Whatisthepurposeofthewaveofslowart?A．Topreserveworksofartforalongertime.B．Topromoteworksofartformodernculture.C．Toadvocatecreatingworksofartmoreslowly.D．Toencouragepeopletoconsiderworksofartmoredeliberately.8．HowdoesAnneBeateHovindfeelaboutthecitylife?A．Convenient.B．Competitive.C．Efficient.D．Busy.二、完形填空Twogirlslivingnextdoortoeachotherhavetwoverydifferentlifestories.ChiZhen,an18-year-oldpreparatory(预科的)studentinSeville,Spain,usedhis9totellthestaryoftwolives.Fromthe10onmephotos,wecouldlearnthattheyhadinspiredmanypeopleto11thatthefutureisintheirownhands.Hetookaseriesof12ofhisfriendsVeronicaandAnnaMaria.Theylivecompletely13lifestylesandaregettingoppositeresults.Inthephotos.AnnaMaria.aSpanishgirl,canbeseen14aTVdrama.“Shespendsmostofher15infrontofherlaptop,”saysChi.AnnaMariararelygoesout16shethinksshe’snotattractiveanddoesn’tknow17tosayinsocialsituations.Sheblamesfate(命运).“I’mnotasluckyasVeronica,”sheoftensays.ButVeronica,the“lucky’girlnextdoor,has18herselffourforeignlanguagesandtravelledtomanyplaces.Shegoestothe19frequently,soherextensiveknowledgeandexperienceallowhertotakepartinanyconversationandbecomethecenterof20.LookingatVeronica,it’s21

thatshe’stakingcontrolofherfate.Inorderto22withChiZhepbetter,she’sstudyingChinese.Herexperiencehas23ChiZhentomixwithstudentsfromallcountries,andhe’sgettinggoodresults.“Althoughllearnedaboutsomanydifferentideasand24,Istillneedsometimetogetusedtothem,”hesays.The25ofthephotoshasgonefarbeyondwhatChiexpected.Oneofthe26commentedonhisphotosonrenren.com,saying:“Awallseparatestwoworlds,andthelifewehave27whatwedo.I’drather28myfatenowthancomplainabouteverythinglater.”9．A．hand B．camera C．book D．article10．A．abilities B．experiences C．memories D．comments11．A．believe B．change C．struggle D．compare12．A．loves B．relationships C．photos D．emotions.13．A．same B．different C．interesting D．healthy14．A．watching B．sharing C．copying D．imitating15．A．energy B．money C．food D．time16．A．when B．while C．because D．how17．A．what B．why C．which D．when18．A．mastered B．managed C．taught D．enjoyed19．A．meetingroom B．library C．laboratory D．classroom20．A．encouragement B．inspiration C．attention D．amusement21．A．obvious B．unlucky C．important D．impossible22．A．argue B．improve C．touch D．communicate23．A．made B．encouraged C．ordered D．suggested24．A．dreams B．interests C．attention D．situations25．A．price B．thought C．explanation D．influence26．A．users B．doctors C．travellers D．drivers27．A．takeson B．putson C．dependson D．keepson28．A．waste B．question C．stand D．grasp拓展突破练1.（2023全国甲卷.阅读理解A篇）ThemenuinthisbeautifulcolonialhouseincludestraditionalThaicuisine____________(combine)withmoderncookingmethods.2.(2023全国甲卷.语法填空)“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,wherealllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithitssurroundings,”herfablebegins,____________(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.3.(2023全国甲卷.语法填空)Behindthesimplestyl