2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit5HumansandnaturePart6单元小测课时作业含解析北师大版必修第二册

PAGEUnit5HumansandnaturePart6单元小测必备学问基础练进阶训练第一层Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Bothdriverswereluckyto________(幸免于难)injuries.2．TheysayI'mtooold,butI'mgoingto________(证明)themallwrong.3．Theroomwasfilledwithsmoke,anditwasbecomingdifficultto________(呼吸)．4．Thelawshouldgivegreater________(爱护)tovictims.5．Toomuchsunlightcancause________(损害)toyourskin.6．Sorryto________(打断)you,butIhavesomethingimportanttosay.7．Iamalittle________(焦虑)aboutthecomingexamination.8．Shehasan________(志向)tobecomeapilot.9．Hepassedthedrivingtestatthefirst________(尝试)．10．Theywenttotheseasideto________(逃脱)thesummerheat.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Whatskillsareneededto________(operation)thismachine?2．Takeadeep________(breathe)anddon'tbenervous.3．Thebeachiswithinwalking________(distant)ofmyhouse.4．Womenhaveyettoachievefull________(equal)withmenintheworkplace.5．Childrenshow________(curious)abouteverything.6．The________(explore)ofMarsbythenewestroboticsystemwillbeginnextmonth.7．Manycompaniesare________(suffer)fromashortageofskilledstaff.8．Theyhavebeen________(trap)inthecavefortwodays.9．Thefloodhascausedthousandsof________(death)．10．Youcancomeatanytimebecausetherearepeople________dutyroundtheclock.Ⅲ.完成句子1．每天晚上我都会在学校门口等着接我女儿。(pickup)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．人们对月球上是否有生命很新奇。(becuriousabout)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．在地震中，假如你在室内，运离任何可能裂开或坠落的东西。(stayawayfrom)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．你再这样工作下去会把身体弄垮的。(breakdown;carryon)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．她不但是个摄影师而且还是个天才的音乐家。(aswellas)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6．现在就起先努力学习，我信任你将来会取得进步的。(makeprogress)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7．这支营救队由警察、消防员和医生组成。(bemadeupof)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8．坚持你的幻想，别放弃。(holdon)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9．火车正在以很快的速度前进着。(atgreatspeed)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10．双方谈判失败了。(breakdown)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________11．上周我回到了那个村庄，我在那里度过了我的童年。(where引导定语从句)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________12．我喜爱我的老师，我向她学到了很多学问。(why引导定语从句)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________13．他和他挚友生活在一起的日子特别开心。(when引导定语从句)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________关键实力综合练进阶训练其次层Ⅰ.阅读AInLondon,therearemanyfamoustouristattractions.IhadalwayswantedtopayavisittothecapitalofEngland.Lastweek,Ifinallywenttherewithmyfamily.Onthemorningofthefirstday,wewenttotheLondonEye.IhadseentheLondonEyemanytimesinmovies.WhenIfinallysawit,youcouldimaginehowexcitedIwas!TheLondonEyehas32capsules(密封舱)altogether.Eachweighs10tonsandholdsupto25people.Weclimbedaboardforanamazingexperience.Sittinginthecapsule,wesawmorethan55London'smostfamoustouristattractionsinjust30minutes.Intheafternoon,wewenttotheTowerofLondon.TheTowerofOnthesecondday,wemainlyvisitedsomemuseumsinLondon.ThefirstwevisitedwastheBritishWevisitedsomeotherplacesinthefollowingdays.I'lltellyoumoreaboutmyexperiencesinLondontomorrow.1．BeforetravelingtoLondon,thewriter________.A．didn'tknowmuchaboutLondonB．thoughthe/shewouldnotvisititonedayC．reallylookedforwardtogoingthereD．thoughtLondonwasabadplacetovisit2．ByvisitingtheLondonEye,thewriter________.A．experiencedsomeamazingridesB．triedsittinginthirty­twocapsulesC．watchedsomegoodmoviesD．sawmanyfamoustouristattractionsinLondon3．WhydidthewriterfeelabitsadtravelingaroundtheTowerofA．Becausehe/shedidn'tfindtheprisonthere.B．Becauseitwasonceusedtokeepprisoners.C．Becausetheprisonmadehim/herthinkofthedead.D．Becauseitwasn'ttheplacehe/shewantedtovisit.4．Thepassageismainlydevelopedby________.A．analyzingcausesB．makingcomparisonsC．comparingdifferencesD．followingthetimeorderBHowmuchsleepdoweneed?It'safundamentalquestionaboutabasichumanfunctionwe'vebeenpracticingforlong,butthere'sstillnosimpleanswer.Butwhetheryou'reamorningoreveningpersoncouldbeguidedbyyourgenes.Thatsaid,yoursleepingpatternwillchangenaturallywithage,whichisalsoreflectedintheNationalSleepFoundationrecommendations:itsuggests14～17hoursofshuteyeadayfornewbornbabiesandonly7～8hoursforover­65s.Butscientistssaiditwasaboutmorethansimpleduration.Teensandpeopleintheirearly20sdowanttogotobedlaterandgetuplatertoo,somethingresearcherssuggestmightbetodowithchanginghormones(荷尔蒙).“Onaverage,there'saboutatwo­hourdifferenceinpreferredsleeptimesofsomebodyintheirlateteensorearlytwentiestosomebodyintheirlate50sorearly60s，”hesaid.“Soaskingateenagertogetupat7o'clockinthemorningistheequivalentofaskinga55­year­oldtogetupatfiveinthemorning.”Attheendoftheday,thebestwaytomeasurehowmuchsleepyoueachneedistolistentoyourownbody.Doyourelyonanalarmclocktowakeup?Doyoutakealongtimetofeelawake?Areyoudependentoncoffeedrinkstokeepyoufocusedduringtheday?Areyouoverlyimpulsive(冲动的)ordoyoufindyourselfrunningalotoftrafficlights,forinstance?Allthesecouldbesignsthatyou'renotgettingenoughsleep.Andthat,_weknowtoday,isbad.Theenvironmentcanaffectyoursleeppreferencesbutyourgenesstay.Scientistssaidthattheunderstandingoftheimportanceofsleepwas“oneofthegreatachievementsofmodernneuroscience(神经科学)，”andthatsocietywasmovingawayfromtheall­nighterculturetorespecttheneedforsleep.5．What'sthewriter'sintentionofwritingthepassage?A．Toreporthisresearchresults.B．Toexpresstheimportanceofsleep.C．Tolistsomesleepingpatterns.D．Topersuadepeopletohaveenoughsleep.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Notgettingenoughsleep.B．Listeningtoyourownbody.C．Runningalotoftrafficlights.D．Notunderstandingoftheimportanceofsleep.7．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．SleepingPatternsB．TheImportanceofSleepC．AGreatAchievementofNeuroscienceD．DifferentPeopleNeedDifferentAmountsofSleepⅡ.七选五Theearthquakeisakindofdisaster,whichcanhappenatanyplaceandanytime.Sofarscientistshaven'tfoundaproper(正确的)waytopredictearthquakes.__1__However,therearemanythingswecandotohelptheearthquake­hitareasafteranearthquake.★Donatemoneyorothernecessities(必需品)．Notallofuscangototheearthquake­hitareasafteranearthquake.__2__It'sagoodideatoraisesomemoneyanddonatewhatyouhaveraisedtotheearthquake­hitareas.Clothes,instantnoodles,tentsandothernecessitiescanalsobedonated.★__3__Ifyouhavereceivedprofessionaltraining,youcanhelptherescueworkerstolookforandsavethosewhoareburied.Nothingismoreimportantthantimelyrescue.Asweallknow,thefirstseventy­twohoursisthebesttimetofindpeoplewhoarestillalive.Ifyoucan,justgototheearthquake­hitareasassoonaspossible.Themorehelpyougive,themoretrappedpeoplecanberescued.★Offermedicalservice.Foryoupeoplewhomajorinmedicine,youcangivemedicalservicetotheinjured.__4__Nothingcouldbebetterifyoucangototheearthquake­hitareasandgivefirstaidtotheinjured.★Givepsychological(心理的)healthaid.__5__Somecangetoverthepainbythemselvesgradually,whileotherscan't,especiallytheelderlyandthekids.Iftheycan'tgetpropertreatmentforalongtime,itcancausepsychologicalandmentalproblems.Ifyouareapersonwithgreatpatienceandlove,youcangototakecareofthehomelessandgivethemasmuchcomfortaspossible.A．Volunteertodosomerescuework.B．Getenoughtrainingforearthquakes.C．Psychologicalandmentalhealthaidisalong­termtaskafteranearthquake.D．Inmostcases,operationsarestoppedpartlybecausetherearenotenoughdoctorsornurses.E．Scientistsaretryingtheirbesttofindwaystocontrolearthquakes.F．Butitdoesn'tmeanthatyoucandonothingwithoutgoingthere.G．Norcantheystopthemfromhappening.Ⅲ.完形填空OnTuesday,Iwashavingahardday.Iwentto__1__inPhiladelphiaabout5hoursawayfrommyhometown.Goingtocollegesofarawayisreallyhardonme__2__，especiallywhenIgetupset.Ihadn'tseenmyownfamilyinmonths,__3__imaginingsomethinglikethathappeningtomyparentsorsisterswasa(n)__4__feeling.Thissenseofsadness__5__meandstayedwithmeforacoupleofdays.Ifeltmoreandmorehomesick(想家)themoreIthoughtaboutthetragedy—itreallymademe__6__myfamily.Ontopofthis__7__wasthestressofcomingexamsandhomeworkassignments.OnTuesday,Ijustcouldn'tshakemyfeelingof__8__.Icalledmymomandshemademefeelinstantlybetter.Shealwaysseemstohavetheperfect__9__formeinanysituation.“Youcan't__10__yourhappinessinthehandsofanyoneoranythingoutsideyourself,Amelia，”shetoldme.Shewasso__11__andsoconcerned.Shesentmeafewinspirational__12__，andcalled3moretimesthatdaytocheckinonme.Itbecameevidenttomelaterthatdayhowamazingmymom's__13__formewas.Ijustfeltso__14__tohaveapersonwhocaresformesomuch.I__15__thatnooneelseImeetinmylifewilleverlovemesomuch.1．A.hospitalB．collegeC．prisonD．church2．A.attimesB．inchargeC．atwarD．underattack3．A.andB．butC．soD.or4．A.optimisticB．hiddenC．flexibleD．unbearable5．A.calledforB．checkedinC．cameoverD．referredto6．A.contactB．praiseC．showD．miss7．A.feelingB．pictureC．decisionD．request8．A.surpriseB．sadnessC．shameD．achievement9．A.challengeB．adviceC．memoryD．dream10．A.pickB．searchC．putD．quit11．A.greedyB．curiousC．boringD．helpful12．A.cardsB．emailsC．photosD．talks13．A.abilityB．comfortC．loveD．thought14．A.upsetB．gratefulC．specialD．alone15．A.knowB．recognizeC．doubtD．needⅣ.语法填空Ihaveevenwonderedifmoneybuyshappiness.Itseemsthatmoneywillallowmetobuythethings1.________makemehappy.ButonedayIsatdownandmadealistofthethingsIwanted2.________(do)inmylife.IrealizedI'dneverputmuchthoughtintoit.I'dwrittendownthesethings—liketakingaphotoonthemountainandstayingatahotelinDubai,butIdidn'treallyplantodoit,3.________(simple)becauseIdidn'thavethetime.Mylifeconsisted4.________headingtotheoffice,runningontheroad,workingsomemore...Itdidn'tmatterifmysalarydoubled;thelifewouldstay5.________same.SureI'dprobablydrivea6.________(nice)car,moveintoabiggerplace,andhaveabiggerTVthanmyfriends,butthatwasn'thelpingmerealizeanyofmygoals.Sixmonthsafter7.________(create)thatlist,mybeliefhaschanged.I'dkeepworkingonmylist,for8.________(experience)weremuchmoreimportantthananyofthematerialitems.It'snothardtocreatetheopportunityfor9.________(you).Allit10.________(take)isalittlecreativethinking.Ⅴ.写作第一节应用文写作假定你是李华，你作为学校的一位学生代表参与“国际中学生沟通营”活动，请用英文写一篇演讲稿，呼吁人们共同应对自然灾难，爱护地球家园。留意：1．词数80左右；2．可适当增加细微环节，以使行文连贯。Dearfriend，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________其次节读后续写阅读下面短文，依据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。In1989,freshoutofhighschool,Ihadthedifficulttaskofchoosingacareer_pathbeforecollegestartedinthreemonths.InthosedaysinPakistan,therewerelimitedchoices:becomingadoctororanengineer,orenteringthefinancialworldaftergettingabusinessdegree.Iwasn'tinterestedinengineering,soIwasleftwithmedicineorbusiness.Icouldn'tdecide.MyunclesuggestedthatIdoaworkplacement(实习)toexperienceitforamonthinaninternationalcompanyfollowedbyamonthinahospital.Afterthat,Icouldmake_a_decision.Itseemedlikeagoodidea.Iwasacceptedforamonth'splacementataforeignbankinKarachi.Igotafeelforhowtheworldoffinancefunctioned,madenewfriends,andgenerallyenjoyedthemostlyeasy­goingworksurroundings.Themonthpassedrapidly,andsoonIbeganworkingataleadinghospitalinKarachi.Theexperiencecouldn'thavebeenmoredifferent.Thehospitalhadastressfulenvironment.Thedaysstartedearly(at7am,comparedto9amatthebank),andwerefilledwithendlessduties.Andthenightcalls!Thiswascrazy,workingallday,throughthenight,andagainthenextday.Ibeganthinkingaboutmytwoexperiences.Thebankhadofferedamorerelaxingatmosphere,betterworkinghoursandlessstress.Thehospitalwasfullofexcitement,_butthestudyingandtrainingwasdifficult.Itseemedthatthebusinesschoicewasgoingtowinout.Neartheendofmymonthatthehospital.Iwasdriving_homeafteranespeciallybusynightcall.Infrontofmewasapublicbus,_withcollegestudentssittingonthetop.Asthedriverweavedthrough(穿梭)traffic,Icouldseetheboysshakingfromsidetoside.留意：1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2．至少运用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所运用的关键词语。Paragraph1：Suddenly,aboyfelloffthebackofthebus.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2：Thenextday,whenIwenttothehospitaltoseetheboy,allhisfamilygotup,withgratefulsmilesontheirfaces.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part6单元小测必备学问基础练Ⅰ.单词拼法1．tection5.damage6．interrupt7.anxious8.ambition9.attempt10.escapeⅡ.单句语法填空1．operate2.breath3.distance4.equality5.curiosity6．exploration7.suffering8.trapped9.deaths10.onⅢ.完成句子1．EverynightIwouldwaitattheschoolgatetopickupmydaughter.2．Peoplearemuchcuriousaboutwhetherthereislifeonthemoon.3．Inanearthquake,ifyouareindoors,stayawayfromanythingthatcanbreakorfall.4．Youwillbreakdownifyoucarryonworkinglikethis.5．Sheisatalentedmusicianaswellasbeingaphotographer.6．StartworkinghardnowandIbelieveyouwillmakeprogressinthefuture.7．Therescueteamwasmadeupofpolicemen,firefightersanddoctors.8．Holdontoyourdreamandnevergiveitup.9．Thetrainwastravellingatgreatspeed.10．Negotiationsbetweenthetwosideshavebrokendown.11．Lastweek,IreturnedtothatvillagewhereIspentmychildhood.12．ThereasonwhyIlikemyteacheristhatIhavelearnedalotofknowledgefromher.13．Thedayswhenhelivedwithhisfriendwerepleasant.关键实力综合练Ⅰ.阅读A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲解并描述了和家人在伦敦旅游的经验。1．答案与解析：C考查推理推断。依据第一段中的“IhadalwayswantedtopayavisittothecapitalofEngland”可知，作者在去伦敦旅游前始终期盼有一天可以去那里。故选C。2．答案与解析：D考查细微环节理解。依据其次段中的“Sittinginthecapsule,wesawmorethan55London'smostfamoustouristattractionsinjust30minutes”可知，作者在参观伦敦眼时，看到了伦敦很多闻名的旅游景点，故选D。3．答案与解析：B考查细微环节理解。依据第三段中的“ButIfeltabitsadwhentravelingaroundit,astheTowerofLondonwasonceusedasaprison”可知，作者参观伦敦塔的时候有点难受，因为那里曾经被用作监狱。故选B。4．答案与解析：D考查篇章结构。依据文中的“Onthemorningofthefirstday”“Intheafternoon”及“Onthesecondday”可知，作者依据时间依次介绍了和家人在伦敦旅游的经验。故选D。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了不同的人须要不同的睡眠时间。5．答案与解析：D推理推断题。依据第三段最终一句Allthesecouldbesignsthatyou'renotgettingenoughsleep.和最终一段中的Andthat,weknowtoday,isbad.可推知，作者写此篇文章的意图是想劝服人们去拥有足够的睡眠。6．答案与解析：A词义揣测题。依据第三段最终一句Allthesecouldbesignsthatyou'renotgettingenoughsleep.和最终一段中的Andthat,weknowtoday,isbad.可知that指代前文的notgettingenoughsleep，表示特指。7．答案与解析：D主旨大意题。阅读全文以及文章第一段中的Thatsaid,yoursleepingpatternwillchangenaturallywithage,whichisalsoreflectedintheNationalSleepFoundationrecommendations:itsuggests14～17hoursofshuteyeadayfornewbornbabiesandonly7～8hoursforover­65s.可知，不同的人须要不同的睡眠时间。Ⅱ.七选五【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章列举了一些地震之后我们可以为灾区所做的救济。1．答案与解析：G依据上文中的“Sofarscientistshaven'tfoundaproper(正确的)waytopredictearthquakes”可知，空处应选G，接着叙述当前科学家对地震的探讨现状：科学家们目前既没有找到一个合适的方式来预料地震，也不能阻挡地震的发生。2．答案与解析：F此段介绍了不能去地震灾区现场救援的人可以做的事情，故选F项，与空前一句形成转折。3．答案与解析：A依据本段的内容尤其是第一句和最终一句可知，我们要做一些救援工作，故A项符合语境。4．答案与解析：D此段介绍为地震灾区的伤员供应医疗服务，故D项最符合本段主旨。5．答案与解析：C此段介绍为地震灾区的受难者做心理辅导工作。C项中的“Psychologicalandmentalhealthaid”与小标题“Givepsychological(心理的)healthaid”相呼应。Ⅲ.完形填空【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。在外求学的我思念家人，于是给母亲打电话，母亲在电话中的一番话语使我茅塞顿开。1．答案与解析：B依据后面的Goingtocollegesofaraway推断，我去费城上高校。2．答案与解析：A依据后面语境especiallywhenIgetupset可知，上那么远的高校有时(attimes)对我来说真的很难。3．答案与解析：C依据上文Ihadn'tseenmyownfamilyinmonths，前后是因果关系，“所以”想象这样的事情发生在我的父母或姐妹身上是难以忍受的。4．答案与解析：D依据后面语境Thissenseofsadness__5__meandstayedwithmeforacoupleofdays.推断，想象这样的事情发生在我的父母或姐妹身上是难以忍受的。5．答案与解析：C依据后面的andstayedwithme推断，这种哀痛的感觉覆盖着我。6．答案与解析：D依据前面的homesick推断，我真的很惦念我的家人。7．答案与解析：A前面提到Ifeltmoreandmorehomesick(想家)，后面提到wasthestressofcomingexamsandhomeworkassignments，在这个情感之上的，是即将到来的考试和家庭作业的压力。8．答案与解析：B依据前面的homesick与tragedy推断，我不能够动摇难受的情感。9．答案与解析：B依据后面语境Shesentmeafewinspirational__12__，推断，在任何状况下，她好像总是对我有完备的建议。10．答案与解析：C你不能把你的华蜜放在任何人或任何事物之外。11．答案与解析：D依据后面的andsoconcerned推断，她乐于助人。12．答案与解析：D这里谈到我与母亲的沟通。据此可知，她给我发了一些鼓舞人心的演讲。13．答案与解析：C前面谈到母亲对我的劝慰，据此可知，我的母亲对我的爱是多么的奇妙。14．答案与解析：B依据后面语境tohaveapersonwhocaresformesomuch推断，我很感谢能有这么多的人来照看我。15．答案与解析：A前面提到Ijustfeltso__14__tohaveapersonwhocaresformesomuch，后面提到nooneelseImeetinmylifewilleverlovemesomuch，此处意为：我知道，在我的生活中，没有一个人会像她那样爱我或关切我。Ⅳ.语法填空【语篇解读】本文是争论文。作者通过自己的故事说明白这样一个道理：经验比物质的东西更重要。1．答案与解析：that/which考查关系代词。所填词引导的是一个定语从句，修饰先行词thethings，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故填that或which。2．答案与解析：todo考查非谓语动词。wanttodosth.意为“想要做某事”，是固定用法，故填todo。3．答案与解析：simply考查副词。位于句首，修饰整个句子，用副词，故填simply。4．答案与解析：of考查介词。“我”的生活是由去上班、在路上跑步和做更多的工作等组成的。consistof意为“由……组成”，故填of。5．答案与解析：the考查冠词。生活仍旧保持不变。thesame意为“同样地”