2024-2025学年高中英语课时分层作业10Unit4GlobalwarmingSectionⅠ含解析新人教版选修6

PAGE1-课时分层作业(十)SectionⅠ(建议用时：30分钟)[高考题型练习提实力]Ⅰ．阅读理解AMotherNatureisacruelmistress．Why?Readontofindtheanswer．VeniceThisiconiccityissinkingrapidly．ThecanalsthatmakeupthestreetsofVenicerise2mmeveryyear，makingrelicsofhistorygounderthesurfaceofwateranddestroyingarchitecture．Expertswarnthatwithoutintervention(干预)，thiscitywilldisappearbackintothewateratanevenfasterrate，consumedbyrisingsealevelfrommeltingpolaricecaps．MachuPicchuTheseIncanruinshavedrawnadventuroustouristsintothemountainsofSouthAmerica．Theforcesofnaturalerosionhavebeenacceleratedbytourismandthislandmarkfacessevereinfluencefromincreasingfoottraffic．ThePeruviangovernmentrecentlysuggestedacablecarthatwouldcutouttheintensehikeuptotheruins，makingthesiteinstantlyaccessibletomillions，butthefutureofMachuPicchuremainsuncertain．GlacierPerhapsyou'veheardthattheicecapsaremelting．ButnowhereismoreapparentintheUnitedStatesthaninGlacierNationalPark．Estimatesindicatethattheglaciersthatarepartofthebeautyofthisnationallandmarkwilldisappearentirelyinthenexttwodecades．TheGreatBarrierReefHiddenfromviewbeneaththewaves，theGreatBarrierReefhasbeenrapidlydyingoff．Nearlyfiftypercentofcoralwhichonceoccupiedalargeareaisgone，destroyedbypollutionanddisease．【语篇解读】本文是应用文，文章主要介绍了世界上面临消逝的几个旅游胜地。1．WhatcanwelearnaboutMachuPicchu?A．Ithasnoconvenienttraffic．B．It'sfamousforcablecars．C．It'swellpreservedbythelocals．D．Itbearsaheavyburdenoftourism．D[细微环节理解题。依据MachuPicchu部分中的“Theforcesofnaturalerosionhavebeenacceleratedbytourismandthislandmarkfacessevereinfluencefromincreasingfoottraffic．”可知，旅游业给该地带来了破坏，即带来了沉重的生存负担。故选D。]2．Whichplaceprobablyneedsvisitorstodiveintothewatertoenjoyitsbeauty?A．Venice．B．MachuPicchu．C．GlacierNationalPark．D．TheGreatBarrierReef．D[细微环节理解题。依据TheGreatBarrierReef部分中的“Hiddenfromviewbeneaththewaves”可知，该地可能须要游客潜入水中才能享受其美景。故选D。]3．Whatdotheaboveattractionshaveincommon?A．Theyallhavealonghistory．B．They'reallthreatenedbyclimatechange．C．They'reallindangerofdisappearing．D．They'reallwell­knownfornaturalscenery．C[推理推断题。依据Venice部分中的“thiscitywilldisappearbackintothewateratanevenfasterrate”，MachuPicchu部分中的“thefutureofMachuPicchuremainsuncertain”，GlacierNationalPark部分中的“theglaciersthatarepartofthebeautyofthisnationallandmarkwilldisappearentirelyinthenexttwodecades”及TheGreatBarrierReef部分中的“theGreatBarrierReefhasbeenrapidlydyingoff”可推知，这几处旅游胜地的共同点是它们都面临消逝。文章第一段的内容也是示意，故选C。]BPollution'sseriouseffectsontheenvironmenthavebecomemoreobviousinrecentyears．Mostscientistsagreethateffortsarenecessarytoprotectourenvironmentfromfurtherharm．Asweknow，theconstructionindustryconsumesalargequantityofenergyandresourcesandcreatesahugeamountofpollution．Sogreenbuildingsareingreatneed．Theenvironmentalbenefitsofgreenbuildingsincludetheprotectionofecosystemsandbiodiversity(生物多样性)，improvedairandwaterquality，lesswasteflowingintostreamsandtheprotectionofnaturalresources．Greenbuildingscanalsoresultinloweroperatingcostsbecausetheytypicallyuselessenergyandfewermaterialsandimproveindoorairquality，improvingthehealthofpeoplewholivethere．Theprocessofbuildinggreenhousesincludestechnicalandartisticplanningwithnatureprotectioninmind．Buildingdesignsoftenreflectthesurroundingenvironmentandnaturalresourcesanduserenewablebuildingmaterialssuchasbambooandstraw．Inaddition，recycledresourcesfoundlocallyareusedforgreenbuildings，reducingthecostandairpollutionassociatedwithtransportingmaterialslongdistances．Carefulsiteselectionisimportanttominimize(使削减到最低限度)humaneffectsonthesurroundingenvironment．Forexample，placingastructureinanareathatallowsittotakeadvantageofcoolbreezes(微风)andsunlightcanreduceenergyuseandexpenses．Moreenergyandexpensesareneededforlargerbuildingsaswell，soitisimportanttobuildthesmallones．Greenroofsareanotherfeatureofgreenhousesthatreduceenergyuseandcosts．Theseroofsarepartiallyorcompletelycoveredwithplants，whichhelpstokeepheatingandcoolingcostslow，preventwaterrunningoffanddealwithpollutants．Otherfeaturesofgreenbuildingsoftenincludeenergyandwaterprotection，recyclingandwastereduction．Inaddition，renewableenergysourcessuchassolarpower，waterpowerandwindpowerareusedforheatandelectricity，whichgreatlyreducescostsanddecreasestheinfluenceontheenvironment．【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了绿色建筑的优势和特色。4．Whatcanweknowaboutgreenbuildings?A．Producingnowaste．B．Onlyusingcleanenergy．C．Beingmadeofnewmaterials．D．Beingenvironment­friendly．D[推理推断题。依据对全文的整体理解特殊是第三段的内容可推知，绿色建筑整体上是环保的，故选D。]5．Whatisagreenbuildingprobablylikeaccordingtothefifthparagraph?A．Large． B．Small．C．Green． D．Low．B[细微环节理解题。依据第五段最终一句“Moreenergyandexpensesareneededforlargerbuildingaswell，soitisimportanttobuildthesmallones”可推知，绿色建筑应当倾向于小型建筑，而非高楼大厦，故选B。]6．Whatisthepurposeofusinggreenroofs?A．Tofittheenvironment．B．Tokeepwarm．C．Tocollectnaturewater．D．Toreducecosts．D[细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中的“Greenroofsareanotherfeatureofgreenhousesthatreduceenergyuseandcosts”可知，绿色屋顶可以降低能源运用和成本，故选D。]7．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Promotingenergyefficiency．B．Environmentalbenefits．C．Greenbuildings．D．Ecosystemsandbiodiversity．C[主旨大意题。依据文章的关键词“greenbuildings”和对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲的是绿色建筑，故选C。]Ⅱ．阅读七选五Wanttoliveinaperfectlycleanenvironmentandmakeitshinebrightly？1Thenyouwillnotneedtopurchaseexpensivecleaningproducts．CleanthetoiletwithCoke．It'samazinghowpowerfulCokemightbeasatoiletcleaner．2You'llsaveyourhealthbynotconsumingchemicalsthatCokecontainsandsavemoneybynotpurchasingprofessionalcleaners．Poursomecolaoverthestainsandleaveitallforafewhours．Thenletwaterwashthetoilet!Removewaterstainswithorangepeels．You'vejusteatenanorange．3Donotthrowawaythoseorangepeels．Youcanusetheskinstocleanstainlesssteel．Yourapplianceswillshineagainafteryourub(擦)themwiththeskins．Thepeelscaneasilymakethosestubbornstainsdisappearinasecond．Usebananapeelstopolishleatherfurniture．Expertsclaimthatbananapeelsaregreatforpolishingleathersofasandarmchairs．Bananaskinsarerichinoilsandhavetherighttexturetodothetask．4Afterwards，removetheleftoverwithacloth．Thistrickissimpleandcheap．Useitifyouwantyourleatherfurnituretolookbrandnewagain．5Whywouldyouwanttobuyonewhenyoucanmakeyourownproductthatischeapandnon­toxic(无毒的)?Justpour2litersofslightlywarmwaterintoadeepbowl．Thenadd50mlwhitevinegarandhalfateaspoonofdishwashingliquid．Shakethebowlandthenfillupaplasticspraywiththemixture．Useittocleanwindowsandmirrors．Makeyourglasssurfacescleanandshiny．A．Waitaminute!B．Makeyourownglasscleaner．C．Followthestepsgivenbelow．D．Ofcourseyouransweris“yes”．E．Theyleavenomarksorscratches．F．Insteadofdrinkingit，useittocleanthetoiletbowl．G．Theyareeconomicalandsafetouseonalloffurniture．【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。想生活在一个干净的生活环境中、让一切光滑发亮吗？那就依据以下步骤来做吧。无须购买昂贵的清洁用品，只须要一些小妙招。1．C[依据空前的“Wanttoliveinaperfectlycleanenvironmentandmakeitshinebrightly？”和空后的“Thenyouwillnotneedtopurchaseexpensivecleaningproducts．”以及接下来列举的几条小妙招可知，C项“跟着以下步骤做”能起到承上启下的作用。]2．F[本段讲的是用可乐清洁厕所，故F项“不是喝掉可乐，而是用之清洁马桶”符合语境。]3．A[依据下文中的“Donotthrowawaythoseorangepeels．”可知，吃了橘子后，稍等片刻，不要扔掉橘子皮，你可以用之清理不锈钢。所以选A。]4．E[依据上文中的“Bananaskinsarerichinoilsandhavetherighttexturetodothetask．”可知香蕉皮富含油脂，材质也特别适合擦拭皮质，不会留下污痕或划痕。所以选E。]5．B[依据下文中的“youcanmakeyourownproductthatischeapandnon­toxic(无毒的)．．．”“Useittocleanwindowsandmirrors．Makeyourglasssurfacescleanandshiny．”可知，本段讲的是如何自制玻璃清洁剂，故B项符合语境。]Ⅲ．语法填空GlobalwarmingreferstothefactthattheEarth'satmosphereiswarmingnear1．(it)surface—inotherwords，it'sgettinghotter．Somescientistssayitishumanactivity2．hascausedglobalwarming．However，thereareothertheoriesaswell．Onepopulartheoryrelatestothe“greenhouseeffect”．Gasesthatmakeuptheatmospherearesimilarto3．greenhousebecausetheyallowsunlight4．(pass)through，andthentrapmuchoftheheatfrom5．(escape)．Thisnaturallyoccurringphenomenon，which6．(call)greenhousewarming，keepstheearth'ssurface7．(warm)thanitwouldbe．Whilescientistsagreethathumanproducedcompounds(化合物)likecarbondioxideandothersare