unit2知识点精讲精练2022-2023学年英语八年级下册（人教新目标版）

Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks一、cheerv.使振奋；使高兴起来1.Cheers意为“祝福,健康,干杯”。2.词组cheerup是“振作；振奋人心”的意思。例句:HecheeredupatoncewhenIpromisedtohelphim.当我许诺帮助他的时候,他马上振作起来。3.cheeringadj.“令人振奋的,鼓舞人心的”例句：That’scheering（cheerful）news.那是鼓舞人心的消息。二、volunteerv.志愿n.志愿者volunteertodosth.志愿做某事三、noticev.注意到；认识到n.通知；通告；注意noticesb.dosth.注意到某人做了某事noticesb.doingsth.注意到某人正在做某事四、raisev.募集；征集；举起；提高；饲养，养育raisemoneyfor...“为......筹款”五、openv.打开adj.开着的Closev.关闭closedadj.关着的六、trainv.训练n.火车trainingn.训练；培训trainsb.todosth.训练某人做某事trainsb.insth.在某方面训练某人七、understand—understood—understoodv.理解misunderstandv.误解understandingadj.善解人意的八、Missn.女士；小姐missv.想念；错过九、satisfactionn.满意satisfyv.使满意satisfiedsdj.满意的besatisfiedwith对…满意十、joyn.高兴Joyfuladj.高兴的toone‘sjoy令某人高兴的是十一、ownv.拥有adj.自己的—ownern.物主、主人十二、【辨析】journey和tripjourney：（尤指长途旅行）trip：（短途旅行）【短语】goonajourney进行一次旅行十三、ness名词后缀1、goodnessn.善良2、kindnessn.善良3、happinessn.开心；幸福4、illnessn.疾病5、sadnessn.伤心；难过十四、difficultyn.困难；难题havedifficulty（in）doingsth.做某事有困难十五、【解析】alone/lonely辨析：(1)alone=byoneselfadj.单独的，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感情色彩。Heoftenwalksalonetohome.(2)lonely①指人孤独的，寂寞的，强调主观感受；②也可指某个地方是荒凉的十六、【解析】such与so的区别1、such 形容词；修饰名词 用法：sucha/an+形容词+可数名词单数no/any/some/all/many等+such+名词such+除many/few之外的形容词+可数名词复数such+除much/little之外的形容词+不可数名词2、so 程度副词 修饰形容词或副词 用法：so+形容词+a/an+可数名词复数so+many/few+可数名词复数so+much/little+不可数名词十七、homen家→homelessadj.无家可归的【同类记忆】careless粗心的hopeless没有希望的helpless无助的useless没有用的十八、短语动词的构成及用法1、短语动词在句子中起动词作用，作谓语。其基本构成有下列几种：（1）动词＋副词，如blackout;（2）动词＋介词，如lookinto;（3）动词＋副词＋介词，如lookforwardto。2、本课出现的“动词＋副词”结构的短语有：compupwith想出；制造 putup悬挂；张贴；举起putoff推迟；拖延 handout悬挂writedown写下 callup打电话给……cheerup让某人开心 setup建立giveaway分派 hangout挂出giveup放弃 tryon试穿【注意】在“动词＋副词”结构中，如果后面的宾语是代词，代词应放在动词和副词的中间。如tryiton,putthemup,putitoff,cheerhimup等。十九、动词不定式动词不定式是一种活跃的非谓语动词。它在句子可起名词、形容词或副词的作用，可在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、状语或宾语补足语。动词不定式的形式是“to+动词原形”，但to有时要省略。动词不定式在具体运用时，用不用to，取决于谓语动词的用法。1.带to的不定式结构（1）能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有：want,ask,tell,hope,learn,try,decide,forget,remember,like,love,stop等。例句:Shelikestoplaythepiano.(2)动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not,即nottodosth.。例句：JimtoldmenottowakeupKate.2.不带to的不定式结构（1）在固定词组hadbetter之后。注意：hadbetterdosth.的否定形式是hadbetternotdosth.。(2)在let,make,see,feel,watch,hear等感官或使役动词后，要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。(3)在引导疑问句的whynot之后。“Whynot+不带to的不定式”是Whydon’tyoudo…的省略，可以用来提出建议或劝告。Whynottakeaholiday?=Whydon’tyoutakeaholiday?3.句法功能（1）动词不定式作主语例句：Tomasteralanguageisnotaneasything.【注意】动词不定式作主语时可以放在后面，而用it作形式主语放在原主语的位置上。例句：It’snecessarytofindthewitness.（2）动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词的后面。例句：Ihavenothingtosayonthisquestion.（3）动词不定式作宾语有的及物动词要求跟复合宾语（即宾语+宾语补足语）。如果其中的宾语是不定式短语，则必须将形式宾语it放在宾语的位置上，而将不定式短语（真正的宾语）放在宾语补足语之前。例句：IfinditusefultolearnEnglishwell.（4）动词不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式作宾语补足语是动词不定式用法的一个重点，学习时要注意以下三种情况：A.作动词ask,like,tell等的宾语补足语时，动词不定式符号to不可以省略。例句：HeaskedmetotalkaboutEnglishstudy.B.作使役动词let,have,make以及感官动词feel,hear,see,watch等的宾语补足语时， 动词不定式符号to要省略。例句：Theteachermadehimsaythewordlikethis.C.作动词help的宾语补足语时，动词不定式符号to可以带，也可以不带。例句:Couldyouhelpme(to)carrytheheavybox?(5)动词不定式作状语动词不定式及其短语具有副词的特性，可在句中用作状语。放在句首也可以放在句尾表示目的等。例句：Hestoppedtohavearest.（6）跟在作表语的形容词或过去分词的后面。例句:I’msorrytohearthat,4.用在too…to…结构中。例句：Heistooyoungtounderstandallthat.5.疑问词+不定式二十、carefor=takecareof=lookafter照顾二十一、动词+up的短语pickup拾起tieup捆紧breakup分裂，打碎chewup嚼碎tearup撕碎putup立起，建造wakeup醒来standup起立giveup放弃，投降giveup放弃stayup熬夜callup给…打电话endup=finish结束，完成cheerup使振奋，使开心cleanup打扫，清理openup打开，开拓（视野）cutup切碎makeup化妆；编造dressup打扮二十二、put的短语Putoff推迟puton穿上Putaway把…放好putout熄灭Putup张贴；举起一、单项选择1．—Listen!Whatanicesongfromnextroom!—ItmustbeSally.Ioftenhearher________.A．sing B．cry C．dancing D．singing2．—Ihearthere’sa________attheschoolgate.Doyouknowwhatitisabout?—Oh.It’saboutthecomingofsomeexchangestudentsfromtheUK.A．photo B．notice C．map D．message3．Ihavegreat________inlearningmath.Couldyouhelpme?A．trouble B．interest C．joy D．risk4．Theoldcouplelive________,buttheyfeelhappy.A．themselves B．lonely C．byhimself D．alone5．Iwouldlike_______tothemoviewithyou,butmymommakesme_______fortheexamsathome.A．going;studying B．togo;tostudy C．togo;study6．—Beforebigexams,Ialwaysfeelvery________.—Takeiteasy.A．happy B．nervous C．excited D．quiet7．Iboughtanewbikeyesterday.Let’s__________.A．haveawalk B．haveaswim C．haveadrink D．haveatry8．Itispopularto________redenvelopes(红包)onWechatduringfestivals.A．giveaway B．giveup C．giveout D．giveback9．—Shallwe________thethingswedon’tusetothepeopleinneed?—Goodidea.A．setup B．putoff C．giveaway D．getoff10．—Wherewouldyoulike________inthefuture?—I’mnotsure.MaybeBeijingorShanghai.A．working B．work C．towork D．willwork二、完形填空MybestfriendAllyandIspareafewhoursofourtimeeveryweekasvolunteersforBuddyBall.It’sa____11____thathelpsdisabledkidsdosportsandmakenewfriends.Sowhatdoesabuddy(伙伴)do?____12____,Iamabuddyforaneleven-year-oldboyTom.Heisinawheelchairandisagoodbasketballplayer,butjustlikeanykid,itupsetshim____13____hemissesashotormakesabadpass.Hestartstocryanddoesn’twanttoplay.Sometimesheevenwantsto____14____.So,ashisbuddy,Iencouragehim.Nowwe’reworkingonourbasketballskillstogether.It’sgreattoseehowhehas____15____andhedoesn’tgetupsetsoeasily.AllyisabuddyforClara,akidwithveryfewlanguageskills.Sheisalsoabit____16____!Shelikesrunningaway.AllyhaslearnedhowtoworkwithClaraandtogethertojoininthe____17____.Nowshelovesbaseballandhasmorefriends.Nextweekshe’splayinginateam.Herparentsare____18____happyaboutBuddyBallandtheysaythatClaraismoreconfident(自信的)and____19____afterherBuddyBallsessions.BuddyBallisagreatchanceforeveryone!Differences____20____andwerealizethatwe’realljustkidslovingsports.IlovedoingBuddyBallbecauseIknowI’mdoingsomethingmeaningful!11．A．decision B．subject C．program D．interest12．A．Intheend B．Ontheway C．Atthemoment D．Bytheway13．A．when B．until C．before D．after14．A．keepon B．getdown C．giveup D．giveaway15．A．dreamed B．improved C．prepared D．threw16．A．wild B．friendly C．easy-going D．clever17．A．games B．discussions C．lessons D．plays18．A．hardly B．truly C．possibly D．quickly19．A．careful B．sociable C．creative D．lonely20．A．increase B．remain C．disappear D．break三、阅读单选Whataboutmyplansforthesummervacation?First,IwillgotoShanghaiwithmysisterKate.TherearemanyinterestingplacesinShanghai,andwecanalsotastethedeliciousfoodthere.Afterthat,Iwillspendsometimereadingbooks.Iwillplaytenniswithmyfriends,too.—PeterImadesomeplansformysummervacation.First,Iwillhelpmoreathome.Myparentsarealwaysbusy,soI’llhelpthemwiththehouseworkandletthemhavemoretimetorelax.Second,Iwillpracticetheviolineveryday.Third,Ithinkthevacationisagoodtimeformetodosomesports,suchasrunningandswimming.Iamsuremysummervacationwillbewonderful.—TomAfteraboutfourmonths’study,thesummervacationiscoming.Herearemyplans.First,Iwillleaveenoughtimeformynewlessons.Iwillalsoreadsomegreatbooks.Second,IwillgotoXi’anandstaytherefortwoweeks.Ithinkthetripwillbewonderful.Then,Iwillcomebackandenjoymyselfwithmyfriends.Wewillgoswimming,shopping,etc.—Amy21．PeterplanstogotoShanghaiwithhis________.A．brother B．sister C．parents D．grandparents22．HowmanyplansdidTommakeforhissummervacation?A．Five. B．Four. C．Three. D．Two.23．AmywillstayinXi’anfor________.A．7days B．14days C．12days D．6days24．Whowillswiminthesummervacation?A．TomandAmy. B．KateandPeter. C．PeterandTom. D．KateandAmy.25．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Peter’sparentsarealwaysbusy. B．Tomlikestoplaytenniswithhisfriends.C．Amyplanstodosomereadinginthesummervacation. D．Peter'sparentswanthimtolearnnewlessonsinthesummervacation.Iwasdoingtheworkinthegardenyesterday.ItwasasofteveningandIwasmakingthemostofitwhenIheardaneighbor’svoicecomingfromthepathoutofourgarden.“That’snoplacetobesleeping!”hesaid.Ifoundtherewasamanlyingonhisbackonthepathwithhiseyesclosed.Irecognizedhim.Ihadseenhimdoingthedrunkard’s(酒鬼)walkalongthatpathseveraltimes.Istoppedtowalkout.“Doyouneedsomehelp?”Iasked.Heopenedhiseyesandsaid,“Probably.”Thenhetoldmebecauseofarthritis(关节炎)hecouldn’twalkwellatthemostoftimes.IthoughtIshoulddoitwhenheaskedtohelphimgohomewherehelivedafewhundredmetresaway.Itriedtolethimwalkunderhisownstrengthwithmeguidinghimbutthatwasgettingusnowhere.Itwaseasiertocarryhim,butthatwouldbearealinsult(侮辱)tohim.So,Iheldhislefthandwithmylefthandandgrabbedhisbeltwithmyrighthand.Thenwestartedwalkingslowly.Onthewayhetoldmehisname,whathehadworkedas,whatholidayshehadbeen,howwonderfulhisgranddaughterwas,whathiswife’snamewas—andwhatahardtimeshewouldgivehimwhenhegothome!Thankgoodness!Hiswifewasn’tinwhenwewalkedforty-fiveminutesbacktohishome.Ifwewaituntilwefeelgoodabouthelpingbeforewehelp,thenpeoplewillgounhelpedandwewillbecometheoneswhoendupwalkingonby.26．Whendidthestoryhappen?A．Whenthewriterfinishedhiswork.B．Whenthewriterwaswalkingonthepath.C．Whenthewriteralmostendeduphiswork.D．Whenthewriterwantedtobeginhiswork.27．Whowaslyingonthepath?A．Aneighbor. B．Thewriter’swife. C．Adrunkard. D．Agardener.28．Whydidn’tthewritercarrytheman?A．Becausehecouldwalkwellbyhimself.B．Becauseitwouldbeaninsulttohim.C．Becauseitwasonlyafewhundredmetresaway.D．Becausehiswifewouldgivehimahardtime.29．Accordingtothepassage,whichisRIGHT?A．Themanwasatalentedperson.B．Themanenjoyedhavingholidays.C．Theman’swifewasalwayskindtohim.D．Themanlovedhisgranddaughterverymuch.30．Whatdoesthestorywanttotellus?A．Workhardandyou’llhaveabetterlife.B．Givesomebodyahelpinghandintime.C．Nevergiveupwhenyoumeetdifficulties.D．Solveproblemsbyyourselfwhensomethinghappens.JackBrown,anofficeworker,livesinWashington.Heinherited（继承）amilliondollarswhenhewas23,buthewasn’thappyatall.Whenhiscollegefriendswerelookingfortheirjobs,hedidn’thaveto.Jackdecidedtoliveasimplelifelikeeveryoneelse.Hegave$10,000ofhismoneytoacharitytohelppoorchildrenliveabetterlife.Todayheis36.Hestillwearscheapshoesandclothesanddrivesasmallcaronly,butheisveryhappy.UptonowJackhashelpedsomechildrenfrompoorcountriesallovertheworldbysendingthem$200amonth.Themoneyisusedforthechildren’sstudy,food,medicineandclothing.Jackreceivesareporteachyearonthechildren’sprogress.Theycanwritetoeachother,butusuallythechildrendonotspeakEnglish.WhenJackfirstheardaboutthesechildren,hewantedtohelpthem.“Itwasnothingspecial,”hesaid.“UntilIwenttothesecountriesandmetthechildrenIwashelping,Ididn’tknowanythingabouttheirlife.”OnceJackwenttomeetalittlegirlinAfrica.Hesaidthatthemeetingwasexciting.“WhenImether,Ifeltveryhappy,”hesaid.“AndIsawthatthemoneywasusedforagoodcause.Itbroughtmehappiness.IwanttodoeverythingIcantogoonhelpingthesechildren.”31．Jackdidn’tneedtolookforajob__________.A．beforehewenttocollege B．afterhewenttoAfricaC．becausehegotonemilliondollars D．beforehereceivedareport32．Jackhassentthemeach$200amonthtohelpsomepoorchildren__________.A．onlyinWashington B．onlyinEnglandC．onlyinAfrica D．aroundtheworld33．Jacklearnsaboutthechildren’sprogressby__________.A．visitingthemeachyear B．gettingareporteveryyearC．stayingwiththem D．talkingwiththeminEnglish34．Theunderlinedwords“foragoodcause”mean“__________”inChinese.A．施舍 B．行善 C．优惠 D．赏赐35．What’sthemainideaofthestory?A．Helpothersandyouwillfeelhappy.B．It’snecessarytowriteletterstopoorchildren.C．Liveasimplelife,andyoucangiveothershelp.D．It’sthemostimportanttohelpthechildreninAfrica.四、语法填空MarioandHelenareclassmates.Theybelievevolunteeringtheirtime____36____(help)othersinneedisagoodway____37____(spend)theirfreetime.Mariolovesanimals.HevolunteersatAnimalsHelpers,agroupsetuptohelp____38____(able)people.Hehelpstotakecareofthespecialtraineddogsthere.Volunteeringtheremakeshisdreamcome____39____.Hecandowhathelovestodoandhelpothersatthesametime.Helenplans____40____(volunteer)inanoldpeople’shomethissummer.Shesaysalotofoldpeopleare____41____(alone),andpeopleshouldcare____42____them.Infact,shediditlastsummer.Shetoldfunnystoriestocheerthem____43____andlistenedtotheoldpeopleastheytoldstoriesaboutthepastandhowthings____44____(use)tobe.Shegotastrongfeelingof_____45_____(satisfy)whenshesawthelookofjoyontheoldpeople’sfaces.五、多句选词填空用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。takeafter

giveaway

tryout

setup46．Theboy________hisfather,andheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.47．Mr.Browndecided________allhismoneytothepoorpeopleinthevillage.48．Bytheendof2025,garbage-sortingsystems(垃圾分类系统)willbe________.49．—Areyougoingto________forthehostoftheEnglishparty?—Ofcourse.Ithinkit’sagreatchancetopractice.六、书信作文50．为了更好地举办冬奥会，市冬奥办现在面向全社会招聘身体健康、热爱体育运动、乐于助人，并能熟练运用英语和外国友人交流的志愿者。假如你叫李华，请根据以下提示和要求，写一封应征冬奥会志愿者的自荐信。提示:1.Whydoyouwanttobeavolunteer?2.Whatcanyoudo?要求:1.自荐信须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥；2.信中不得出现真实的人名、校名、地名；3.词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearSirorMadam,Thankyouforreadingmyletter.I’dliketobeavolunteerforWinterOlympicGames.Because____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua答案1．A【解析】句意：——听！隔壁房间的歌多好听啊！——一定是莎莉。我经常听到她唱歌。考查动词短语和动词辨析。sing“唱（歌）”，动词；cry“哭”，动词；dancing“跳舞”，动词的现在分词；singing“唱”，动词的现在分词。根据“Listen!Whatanicesongfromnextroom!ItmustbeSally.Ioftenhearher...”可知，莎莉在隔壁房间唱歌，歌声很好听，我经常听到她唱歌，hearsbdosth表示“听到某人做某事”，空处需填动词原形，排除C和D，sing“唱（歌）”，动词。故选A。2．B【解析】句意：——我听说学校门口有一个通知。你知道它是关于什么的吗？——哦。是关于一些英国的交换生即将到来的通知。考查名词辨析。photo照片；notice通知；map地图；message消息。根据“It’saboutthecomingofsomeexchangestudentsfromtheUK.”可知留学生即将到来的消息应是学校的通知，故选B。3．A【解析】句意：我在学习数学方面有很大的困难。你能帮我吗？考查名词辨析。trouble困难；interest兴趣；joy开心；risk风险。根据“Couldyouhelpme?”可知在学习数学方面有问题，应用trouble。故选A。4．D【解析】句意：这对老夫妇独居，但他们感到幸福。考查副词修饰动词。themselves他们自己，反身代词；lonely孤独的，形容词；byhimself他独自，介宾短语；alone独自，副词。根据“Theoldcouplelive…”可知是他们独自居住，空格处缺少副词修饰动词，alone符合题意，故选D。5．C【解析】句意：我想和你一起去看电影，但我妈妈让我在家学习考试。考查非谓语。wouldliketodosth想要做某事；makesbdosth让某人做某事。第一空用不定式作宾语；第二空用省略to的不定式作宾补，故选C。6．B【解析】句意：——在大考试之前，我总是感觉紧张。——请放松。考查形容词辨析。happy高兴的；nervous紧张的；excited兴奋的；quiet安静的。根据答语“Takeiteasy”（放松些）可知，应是说考试前紧张。故选B。7．D【解析】句意：我昨天买了一辆新自行车。让我们试一试。考查动词短语。haveawalk散步；haveaswim游泳；haveadrink喝一杯（酒，饮料等）；haveatry试试。根据“Iboughtanewbikeyesterday.”和选项可知，买了新的自行车要试一试。故选D。8．A【解析】句意：节日期间在微信上发红包是很流行的。考查动词短语。giveaway赠送；giveup放弃；giveout分发；giveback归还。根据“Itispopularto...redenvelopesonWechatduringfestivals.”可知，赠送红包是很流行的。故选A。9．C【解析】句意：——我们把不用的东西送给需要的人好吗？——好主意。考查动词短语。setup成立；putoff推迟；giveaway捐赠；getoff下车。根据“…hethingswedon’tusetothepeopleinneed?”可知，此处是说把不用的东西送给需要的人，giveawaysthtosb“把某物捐赠给某人”。故选C。10．C【解析】句意：——你将来想在哪里工作？——我不确定。可能北京或上海。考查动词不定式作宾语。wouldliketodosth.愿意做某事，为固定搭配，即wouldlike后只能接动词不定式作它的宾语。故选C。11．C

12．C

13．A

14．C

15．B

16．A

17．A

18．B

19．B

20．C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和朋友Ally每周在BuddyBall做志愿者，并介绍了他们的具体工作和结果以及意义。11．句意：它是一个帮助残疾儿童做运动并结交新朋友的项目。decision决定；subject科目；program项目；interest兴趣。根据“MybestfriendAllyandIspareafewhoursofourtimeeveryweekasvolunteersforBuddyBall”可知，BuddyBall是一个项目，故选C。12．句意：当时我是一个11岁男孩Tom的伙伴。intheend最后；ontheway在路上；atthemoment此刻；当时；bytheway顺便说一句。结合语境可知，此处表示当时的情况，故选C。13．句意：当他投球没投中或者传球不佳的时候，这会使他感到沮丧。when当……的时候；until直到……为止；before在……之前；after在……之后。根据“butjustlikeanykid”可知像其他的孩子一样，当做得不好的时候会感到沮丧，故选A。14．句意：有时他甚至想要放弃。keepon继续；getdown下来，沮丧；giveup放弃；giveaway捐赠。根据“Hestartstocryanddoesn’twanttoplay”和“even”可知此处应是说甚至想要放弃，故选C。15．句意：很高兴见到他是怎样进步，并且他不再那么轻易感到沮丧。dream梦想；improve提高，进步；prepare准备；throw扔。根据上文“So,ashisbuddy,Iencouragehim.Nowwe’reworkingonourbasketballskillstogether.”并结合备选项可知应是取得进步，故选B。16．句意：她还有一点狂野。wild狂野的；friendly友好的；easy-going平易近人的；clever聪明的。根据“AllyisabuddyforClara,akidwithveryfewlanguageskills”可知她的性格应是有点不太友好，故选A。17．句意：Ally已经学会怎样和Clara在一起工作和使她参加游戏。game游戏，比赛；discussion讨论；lesson课程；play戏剧。根据“Nowshelovesbaseballandhasmorefriends.”和“...helpsdisabledkidsdosportsandmakenewfriends”可知，此处指Ally使她参与游戏或比赛，故选A。18．句意：对于BuddyBall她的父母真心地感到高兴并且他们说Clara在她的BuddyBall一段时间之后更自信更好交际了。hardly几乎不；truly真正地；possibly可能；quickly迅速地。根据“theysaythatClaraismoreconfident”可知，父母是真地很高兴，故选B。19．句意：对于BuddyBall她的父母真心地感到高兴并且他们说Clara在她的BuddyBall一段时间之后更自信更好交际了。careful细心的；sociable好交际的；creative有创造力的；lonely孤独的。由上文可知，BuddyBall是帮助残疾儿童做运动和交朋友的项目，因此可以帮助孩子变得更自信和更好交际，故选B。20．句意：差异感消失并且我们意识到我们都仅仅是爱运动的孩子。increase增长；remain保留；disappear消失；break打破。根据“werealizethatwe’realljustkidslovingsports”可知大家都有一样的兴趣，所以差异应该是消失了。故选C。21．B

22．C

23．B

24．A

25．C【解析】文章是一篇说明文。文中三个人逐一介绍了自己的暑期计划。21．细节理解题。根据第一段“First,IwillgotoShanghaiwithmysisterKate.”及第一段最后署名“—Peter”可知，Peter将和妹妹Kate一起去上海。故选B。22．细节理解题。根据第二段“First...,Second...,Third...”及第二段最后署名“—Tom”可知，Tom在暑假有三项计划。故选C。23．细节理解题。根据第三段“Second,IwillgotoXi’anandstaytherefortwoweeks.”及第三段最后署名“—Amy”可知，Amy将在西安待两周。故选B。24．细节理解题。根据第二段“Third,Ithinktheholidayisagoodtimeformetodosomesports,suchasrunningandswimming.”及第二段最后署名“—Tom”可知，Tom打算在暑假去游泳。再根据第三段最后一句及署名“Wewillgoswimming,shopping,etc.—Amy”可知，Amy打算在暑假去游泳。综上所述，Tom和Amy都打算在暑假去游泳。故选A。25．细节理解题。根据第三段“Iwillalsoreadsomegreatbooks.”及最后署名“—Amy”可知，Amy计划暑假读一些好书。故选C。

26．C

27．A

28．B

29．D

30．B【解析】本文主要讲述了作者帮助一位因关节炎而不能走路的邻居。26．细节理解题。根据“Iwasdoingthework...IwasmakingthemostofitwhenIheardaneighbor’svoicecomingfromthepathoutofourgarden.”可知，这个故事发生的时候，作者正在工作，并且完成了大部分，即将要完成他的工作。故选C。27．细节理解题。根据“Iheardaneighbor’svoicecomingfromthepathoutofourgarden.”及“Ifoundtherewasamanlyingonhisbackonthepathwithhiseyesclosed.”可知，躺在路上的是邻居。故选A。28．细节理解题。根据“Itwaseasiertocarryhim,butthatwouldbearealinsulttohim.”可知，作者没有背他，是因为作者觉得这对他是一种真正的侮辱。故选B。29．推理判断题。根据“howwonderfulhisgranddaughterwas”可推出，这个人很爱他的孙女。故选D。30．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了作者帮助一位因关节炎而不能走路的邻居，所以本文的主题应是及时帮助别人。故选B。31．C

32．D

33．B

34．B

35．A【解析】本文讲述了Jack帮助来自世界各地贫困国家的一些孩子，而且这样给他带来了快乐。31．细节理解题。根据“Heinherited（继承）amilliondollarswhenhewas23”可知是因为他23岁时继承了一百万美元。故选C。32．细节理解题。根据“UptonowJackhashelpedsomechildrenfrompoorcountriesallovertheworldbysendingthem$200amonth.”可知Jack帮助世界各地的孩子，没有地域的限制。故选D。33．细节理解题。根据“Jackreceivesareporteachyearonthechildren’sprogress.”可知Jack通过每年收到一份报告来了解孩子们的进步情况。故选B。34．词义猜测题。根据“AndIsawthatthemoneywasusedforagoodcause”以及“Hegave$10,000ofhismoneytoacharitytohelppoorchildrenliveabetterlife.”和“UptonowJackhashelpedsomechildrenfrompoorcountriesallovertheworldbysendingthem$200amonth.”可知Jack帮助了来自世界各地贫困国家的一些孩子，所以他看到这些钱被用于一个好的事业，他很开心，所以“foragoodcause”的意思为“行善”。故选B。35．主旨大意题。根据“Itbroughtmehappiness.IwanttodoeverythingIcantogoonhelpingthesechildren.”以及全文可知，本文讲述了Jack帮助来自世界各地贫困国家的一些孩子，而且这样给他带来了快乐。所以A选项“帮助别人，你会感到快乐。”符合，故选A。36．tohelp

37．tospend

38．disabled

39．true

40．tovolunteer

41．lonely

42．for

43．up

44．used

45．satisfaction【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述Mario和Helen做志愿者工作的事例。36．句意：他们认为，把自己的时间奉献给需要帮助的人是消磨空闲时间的好方法。volunteertimetodosth“自愿花时间做某事”，故填tohelp。37．句意：他们认为，把自己的时间奉献给需要帮助的人是消磨空闲时间的好方法。agoodwaytod