题型10 选词填空（短文选词+多句选词）（讲义）

►第10讲选词填空【复习目标】1.熟练掌握固定搭配、语法等知识2.掌握简单有效的解题策略和正确的解题步骤【考情分析】选词填空命题规律“选词填空”要求学生利用所给的10个词汇(一般有名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词和连词等)补全一篇有10个空缺的短文。要攻克这一难关，学生除了要进行大量的课外阅读，积累丰富的语言知识外，还需掌握一定的解题技巧。【名师解难】考生在做此类试题时应从以下几点入手：1．明确词义，分类备选词拿到题目后，不要急于看文章，首先研究方框中所给的备选词汇，判断每个单词的词性、词义，并进行归类。2.借助线索，初步归位通读全文，结合所学语法知识及上下文语境初步选择符合题意的词，针对相关的语法知识，考生可以从以下几个方面着手：①如果空格后是谓语动词，且句子的其他内容完整，则该空格应考虑使用名词、人称代词、名词性物主代词、非谓语动词；②如果空格前是句子主语，空格后是宾语，此处应考虑用动词作谓语，构成主谓宾结构；③如果空格后是名词，空格前有限定词，则此处应考虑使用形容词或形容词性物主代词；④如果空格前是动词，一般空格处考虑填写副词，同时要注意如果空格前是感官动词或be动词，则需要填形容词，构成主系表结构，此类系动词还有become,turn,get,seem等。3.瞻前顾后，调整形式经过初步归位后，我们还需要根据语境确定句意，根据语法调整词汇的适当形式，针对形式，考生可以从归纳的考点设置的特点来考虑。4.通读全文，复核验证复读短文，检查单词拼写是否正确，注意时态、语态、主谓一致和固定搭配，还有首字母大小写。短文填空解题技巧夯基·必备基础知识梳理1.在拿到题目后，不要急于看文章，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性作简单的标记，例如：名词-n.，动词-v.，形容词-a.，副词-ad.等等。同时对词义作初步的理解。2.通读全文，语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过上、下文的句子，充分理解短文的内容，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。3.在选定单词后，不要轻率地填入。在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。★对于名词，要考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格”形式。例如：match-matches,friend-friend's/friends'。其他还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词，例如：sun-sunny,use-useful/useless/used,danger-dangerous；★对于动词，要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化(动词不定式-todo,现在分词-doing,过去分词-done,固定搭配-enjoydoingsth./usedtodosth./havesth.done…)；★对于形容词和副词，要主动去判定它们之间的相互转换，是否需要变成比较级或最高级，还有以及形容词变名词的需求也需考虑，例如：interesting-more/themostinteresting,happy-happily，happy-happiness;★对于代词，注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法；★对于数词，要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法，例如：three-third,2/3-twothirds,onethousand/thousandsof；★对于冠词，只需要在a或an之间判别，如agirl/anoldman;★对于介词和连词时，就更简单，只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配，填入即可。为了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜：空前空后要注意，“名词”单复数要牢记，还有's不能弃，“动词”注意要变形，“形副”注意要用三种级，要填“数词”请留意，千万别忘“基”和“序”，填入“代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。4.完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位。提升·必考题型归纳（一）（2023·河南周口·校考三模）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。year

information

think

different

they

never

why

store

play

easyIt’ssaidthatusingcertainskillsis“justlikeridingabike.”Inotherwords,oncethey’vebeenlearned,youneverforget1.Andit’struethatwhileweoftenforgetfacts,wecanusuallyjumponabikeandrideawaywithout2aboutit.Butwhyareyougenerallystillabletorideabikeevenafterhavingnotriddenonefor3?Theansweristhatcertainskills,suchashowtodriveor4aninstrument,arepartofourprocedural(程序性的)memory.Itisakindoflong-termmemorythatperforms5procedures.Andwhiletheseproceduresmaybedifficulttolearn,oncelearnedcompletely,they’re6forgotten.Thishappensbecauseproceduralmemoryanddeclarative(陈述性的)memoryare7indifferentpartsofthebrain.Totellthedifference,declarativememoryisresponsibleforremembering8likenames,dates,andeventsfromyourlife.Studiessaythatthecells(细胞)inthepartstoringproceduralmemorycannot9loseorgethurt.Soproceduralmemoriesaren’terasedveryoften.Nowyouknow10wedon’tforgethowtorideabicycle.Canyounameotherskillsthatyou’realsounlikelytoeverforget?（二）（2023·江西赣州·模拟预测）请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后选择方框内所给的词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。make

but

use

child

health

never

easy

them

be

chatTheInternetisusedbypeopleofallages.Manyuseitforwork,11formanyothers,it’salsoakindofhobby.Therearemanypopularsiteswhere12canchatsafely.Ontheonehand,socializing(社交)ontheInternetisfun.Thegoodthingaboutthesesites13thatyoucanmakehundredsoffriendsfromallovertheworld.Youcantell14aboutyourselfandyourlife,andyoucanfindoutthingsaboutthemandtheirlives.Ontheotherhand,mostofthe“friends”thatyou15ontheInternetarenotrealfriends.Youcan16togetheroremaileachother,butyouwillprobably17meet!Anotherdrawbackofsocializingonlineisthatyoucan18spendhoursonthecomputer,whichisn’tgoodforyour19.Tosumup,thesesitesareenjoyable20sometimes,butnotallthetime!It’simportanttoenjoylifeintherealworld,notjustonacomputerscreen.（三）（2023·陕西榆林·校考模拟预测）slowbemakewaterhebananaspendstudentsoneprettyMohammadShahidistheheadmasterofaschoolinIndia.He21about10yearsturningtheschoolcampus(校园)intoagreenworldwithhisstudents.WhenShahidwenttotheschoolforthe22time,hefoundithadfewplants.Thenhebegantoplantplantsand23hemadethatasahobby.Hisstudentsgotinterestedinwhathedid.Sotheyjoined24.Shahidishard-working.Onweekends,heneedn’tgotowork,buthestilldrives14kilometersto25theplants.Thestudentsworkhard,too.Theyspendlotsoftheirfreetimelookingaftertheplants.Inthe26eyes,it’safunlearningexperience.ThankstoShahidandhisstudents,there27over300kindsofplantsintheschoolnow.Thereyoucanfindfruitandvegetableslike28andcabbages.Theschoolusesthefruitandvegetablesto29lunchforstudents.Therearealsomanyflowers.Theyaddcolorstotheschool.Andtheymaketheschool30thanbefore.Becauseofitsspecialcampus,theschoolispopularinIndia.Manystudentsdreamofstudyingthere.（四）（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考模拟预测）短文填空。从下面方框中选出10个单词或短语并使用其适当形式填空，使短文意思正确、通顺（每词限用一次）choose

count

how

many

nod

run

serious

shake

something

speak

surprise

whyItwasElection(选举)DayatSunshineMiddleSchool.Ericawas31forthepresidentofstudents.“Ifyouelectme,”sheshouted,“there’llbenomorehomework!Andnomoreschooluniforms!”Allthestudentscheeredloudly.Ericawassurethatshewouldbethefinal32ofthepresident,becauseshe’dspentalotoftimefindingoutwhatthestudentsdisliked.NowitwasMichael’sturn.UnlikeErica,hebegan33,“Icannotchangeeverythingstudentsdon’tlikeabouttheschool,butIpromisetoworkhardforyou.”“Boring!”Ericathought.Sheknewshewasgoingtogettheposition.Afterthestudentsvoted(投票),allthevotes34.Attheendoftheday,theheadteacherannounced,“ThenewpresidentisMichael!”Ericawasreally35.She’dmadepromisesaboutalltheimportantthings.Shecouldnotunderstand36thestudentsvotedforhiminsteadofher.Herbestfriend,Jenny,cametoher.“Erica,I’msosorry,”shesaid.“Ijustcan’tbelieveit,”Ericabegan.“Theymusthavecountedthevoteswrong.I’llaskthemtodoitagain!”Jenny37herhead.“I’msorry,Erica,therewasnomistake.Ididn’twanttotellyou,butMichaeldidget38votes.AllthestudentsIknowvotedforMichael.”“Idon’tunderstand,”saidErica.“Thekidswerecheeringatmy39.Itoldthemeverythingtheywantedtohear.”“That’sjustit,”saidJenny.“Youmadepromises,buteverybodyknewthatyouwouldn’tbeabletokeepthem.Theythoughtyouwouldjustsay40inordertobeelected.”Ericaknewonethingforsure:nexttimeshewouldn’tmakepromisesshecouldn’tkeep.（五）（2023·陕西西安·校考模拟预测）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空只填一个单词。）stop

dance

sudden

close

be

fish

you

warm

get

shakeOneafternoon,Ifelttiredandwenttothepark.Thereweremanypeopleinit.Somewererunning,somewere41withthemusic,othersweretellingstoriesunderthetrees.42,Inoticedalittlegirl.Shewassittingbythelakewithtearsinhereyes.Lotsofpeoplepassedbybutdidn’t43toseewhyshelookedsosad.AsIgotmuch44,Isawthatherbackhadastrangeshape.That’sahump(驼背)!Perhapsthatwasthereasonwhypeoplejustpassedbyandmadenoefforttohelp.SoIsatdownbesideherandsaid,“Hello!”Thenshesaidinalowvoice,“Hi,”Ismiledandshesmiledback,shyly.“Youseemany45inthelake.Theycan’tgotoseethelargersea.Buttheyarestillswimminghappily.Why?”She46herhead.“Becauseeveryoneofthem47unique(独一无二的).Theyhavetheirparents,brothers,sisters,friendsandmore.Theyalsoknowthattheyonlyhaveonelife.Timeislimited.Sotheyarehappywithwhattheyhave48!Neverregretwhatyouhavelost!”Shelistenedcarefullyandsmiled.“Thanksfor49kindwords.Andthe50youhavegiventomethisafternoonmayinspire(激励)mylife.IhopeIwillbelikeahappyfish.”“Youwill.”Igaveherawarmhug.（六）（2023·河南新乡·统考三模）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一词。

but

water

smile

follow

hand

worry

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time

busy

onTheplanetookoff.Apassengerneededacupof51totakehismedicine.Anairhostess(空姐)toldhimthatshewouldbringhimthewater.Buttheairhostesswasso52thatsheforgottobringhimthewater.Asaresult,thepassengercouldn’ttakehismedicine53time.Abouthalfanhourlater,shehurriedovertohimwithacupofwater,54herefusedit.Inthe55hours,eachtimeshepassedbythepassenger,shewouldaskhimwithasmile56heneededhelpornot.Butthepassengerneverpaidnoticetoher.Whenitwastimetogetofftheplane,thepassengeraskedhertohandhimthepassengers’booklet(留言簿),shewasvery57.Shethoughtthathewouldwritebadwordsinit,butwithasmileshe58ittohim.Offtheplane.Sheopenedthebookletandthen59.Thepassengerwrote,“Inthepastfewhours,youhaveaskedmeifIneededhelpfortwelve60inall.HowcanIrefuseyourtwelvefaithful(真诚的)smiles?”（七）（2023·河南南阳·校联考三模）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。allow

take

fast

go

it

break

by

what

same

serviceAlibraryisaplacetofindalmostanybooks.Thereareallkindsofbooks,andtherearealsopictures,papers,magazines,mapsandrecordsin61.Alibraryisasourceofinformation.Studentsgotolibrariestostudyandwritehomework.Therearemanydifferentlibrary62.Inchildren’slibrariestherearemanyinterestingpicturebooks.Ifyoulovemusic,youcanlistentoyourfavoriteCDsinmusiclibraries.Longago,however,alibraryhadonlybooks.Andthereweresofewbooksinitthatnoonewas63totakethemoutofthelibrary.Aftertheprintingmachinewasinvented,bookscouldbemade64andlibrariesgotmorebooks.Toborrowabookand65ithometoday,apersonjustneedsalibrarycard.Theperson66tothemaindesktohavealibrariancheckthebookout.Thelibrarianprintsthecardwiththedate67whichthebookmustbereturnedtothelibrary.Ifthebookisreturnedlate,thepersonmustusuallypayfor68therule.Booksinalibraryareputinacertainordertohelppeopletofind69theywant.Insomelibraries,allbooksaboutanimalsmightbeplacedtogether.Inotherlibraries,allbookswrittenbythe70personmaybeplacedtogether.（八）（2023·河南开封·统考一模）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。shine

besides

its

little

care

relax

require

from

because

correctItissaidthattheeyesarethewindowstooursoul.However,tohavehealthyeyes,youhavetolookafterthemproperly.Youreyesneedeveryday71.Firstly,ahealthydietisimportant.Havemorefreshfruit,vegetables,fish,eggsandmilk.It’sgoodforyoureyes.72,aregularamountofVitaminsAandB2shouldalsobetaken.Secondly,youmusthaveregularandsoundsleep.This73theeyemuscles(肌肉)andgivesthemtheresttheyneed.Sleepcanhelpthebodytorepair74tiredtissues(组织).Usually,youshouldsleepforat75seventoeighthourseveryday.Lossofsleepcangiveyoudarkcirclesunderyoureyes.Next,it’snecessaryforyoutoexerciseyoureyeseveryday.Blink(眨眼)youreyes76timetotimetokeepyoureyesmoist(湿润的).Lastly,youshouldtreatyoureyes77.Foxexample,ifyougetsomethinginyoureye,don’tstartrubbing(揉)it.Rubbingisharmfultoyoureyes.Don’treadorwriteinpoororbrightsunlight78sunlightcanleadtoeyetiredness.Remembertowearsunglassestostopthesunfrom79directlyintoyoureyes.Toomuchreading,writing,watchingtelevisionorworkingonacomputercanalsocauseeyetiredness,soagoodrestis80.IfyoualwaystakecareofGod’smostbeautifulgift,yourlifewillbeverycolorful!（九）（2023·河南安阳·校考二模）while,however,what,with,use,example,special,offer,everything,differentDuringtheTangDynasty,EmperorTaizongaskedtheprimeminister(宰相)FengDeyitorecommend(举荐)talentedpeople.81,severalmonthspassed,Fengdidn’trecommendanyone.“Itriedmybest,buttherearenotunusualandperfectpeopleatall,”Fengsaid.“Peoplearelikeobjects.82weneedtodoistomakegooduseoftheirstrengths.Youshouldbeunhappywithyourselffornotnoticingtalentedpeople.Howcouldyousaythattherearenotalentedpeopleinourtime?”saidtheemperor.Indeed,eachobjectortoolhasitsown83.Aknifeismadetocutthings84chopsticksaremadetopickupfood.Wecan’tuseaknifeasachopstick.Likeanobject,eachpersonhasa85strength.Nobodyisperfect.Wecan’texpectapersontobegoodat86.Withthisideainmind,EmperorTaizongdiscoveredmanytalentedpeopleof87backgrounds.He88themimportantpositions,whichhelpedthemmakethemostoftheirtalents.Histalentedpeoplehelpedthesocietydevelopandcreateda‘goldenage’”.Agood89isMaZhou,whogrewupinapoorfamily.Magavealotofusefuladvice,soEmperorTaizongofferedhimapositionandpromoted(晋升)himmanytimes.Mahelpedtheemperordeal90difficultmattersandbecameawell-knownpersoninhistory.（十）（2023·陕西西安·西安市铁一中学校考模拟预测）短文填空：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次。每空填一个单词。)Itbeworkslowmovebirdhealthbreatheclose(adj.)anywhereWhenmydaughter91inprimaryschool,shebroughthomefoursmalltwigs(嫩枝)fromschooltoplant.Noneofthemlookedverystrong,butwithhopeforthefuture.Iplantedthem92inourbackyardthathadenoughsunlight.Overtheyears,becauseofthepoorsoil,threeofthemdied.Onlyonesurvived.Itgrewvery93.Itlookedmorelikeafatbushthanatree.Later,Inoticedthat94wasstartingtodie.Thelowerbranches(树枝)werebecomingbare.Onlythetopthirdofthetreewasstillgreen.Ididmybesttosaveitbyfeedingitalotoffertilizer(肥料),butitdidn’t95.Lateronemorning,Iwentoutandlookedatitagain.Iwaswonderingwhetheritwouldbebettertojustcutitdown.Itwouldmaketheyardlookcleaner.AsIwalkedovertotakea96lookatit,however,Inoticedsomething97withintheleaves.Itwasarobin(知更鸟)patientlybuildinganestinthetopbranches.IsmiledwhenIheardthe98song.Ithoughtmaybethisoldtreewasstilluseful.Itmightnotbe99orpretty,butitwasstillgivingabirdahome.Thistreeremindedmethatallofourliveshaveapurpose.Itdoesn’tmatterifweareyoungandstrongoroldandsickly.Untilourlast100,wehavethingstodo,lovetogive,andjoytoshare.Wecanhelptomakethisworldabetterandmorebeautifulplace.真题感悟（一）（2023·宁夏·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一个词或短语，每个词或短语限填一次。movie,or,answer,worryabout,they,how,forexample,careful,many,changeAbout30yearsago,parentsstartedto101theirkids.Thiswasbecausetheirkidswereaskingformorethings—toys,102andotherthingstheyloved.Buthowcouldparentssatisfytheirkidswithoutspoiling（溺爱）them?The103tothequestionwassimple—theallowance（零用钱）.Today,thingshaven’t104toomuch.Someyoungerkidscangetweeklyallowancesbydoingchores（杂务）aroundthehouse.Therearealsosomejobchancesforolderkids.Theycandochoresfor105neighbors.Theymightcleanhouses106walkthedogforthem.Weeklyallowanceshelpkidslearnthatmoneyismadethroughwork.It’ssomethingtheyshouldthinkabout107.Ofcourse,asachild,youcanmakemoneyin108ways,buthowdoyoumanageit?Oneideaistosavemostofitandspendalittle.109,ifyouget$5aweek,youcouldspend$2andsave$3.Thenyoucandecide110tospendthe$2.Youcouldspenditonthepizzayouwant.Youcouldalsosaveituntilyouhaveenoughtobuysomethingthatcostsmore.（二）（2023·辽宁鞍山·统考中考真题）阅读短文，根据短文内容从方框中选择合适单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文内容完整。（每词限用一次，有两个词多余）bring

help

to

peaceful

which

difficult

other

just

who

none

mention

anotherWhatisthebestvirtue(美德)?Whatcanwelearnfromwater?Laozi,afamousChinesethinker111livedaround2,500yearsago,mighthaveananswer.Laozitellsusthatthetopcharacterisjustlikewater.Alllifeintheworldcannotlivewithoutwater,butwaterneverasksforanythinginreturn.Itbenefits(使受益)all,competingwith112.Itsimplykeepsgivingquietly.Also,wateroftenstayswherepeopledon’tlike.Thiskindoflowprofile(低姿态)makeswatertheclosest113thelawoftheuniverse(万物之规).Indealingwithpeople,wecanactaswater.Doourbesttohelp114withouttryingtogetanythingback.Atthesametime,stayhumble(谦虚的).Don’talwaystalkaboutthe115yougavetootherpeople.Evenifyouareina116situation,youneedtostaycalm.Afterall,waterwillnotchoosewheretobe,andit117goestowhereitisneeded.TheChinesenationhasalwayshelddearLaozi’sideasaboutwater.In2014,PresidentXiJinping118itatthewelcomedinnerofthe22ndAPECEconomicLeaders’MeetinginBeijing.HesaidAPECmembersare119togetherbythewaterofthePacificOceanandhaveasharedresponsibilitytomakethePacificanoceanof120,friendshipandcooperation(合作).Thisisthewisdom(智慧)waterbringsus.（三）（2023·辽宁朝阳·统考中考真题）阅读短文,用所给词的适当形式填空,每空一词,每词限用一次,使短文完整、正确。方框中有两词是多余选项。become

what

tradition

one

meet

year

howWhenIwasalittlegirl,Ihadtheetiquette(礼仪)classinmyprimaryschool.Iremembermy121classclearly.Theteachertaughtussomeetiquetteandrulesfrombooks.ButIcouldn’tunderstandtheirmeaningsorthereasonwhyIshouldfollowthembecauseIwasonlysix.Inthefollowingfew122time,Ilearnedmoreetiquetteandrules.Igraduallyrealizedtheyhadsomethingtodowithmylife.Theytoldmehowtotreatpeoplewithpolitenessandkindness.WhenI123teachers,Igreetedthemfirstly.WhenIwasathome,Iwouldtrytodosomechorestohelpmyparents.WhenIwasinpublic,Ishouldtrynottoinfluenceothers.InChina,manypeoplemayhavethesameexperiencesasme.Someetiquetteandrulesaresymbolsof124Chineseculture.Nomatterhowtheworldchanges,theyarewealthinourheart,andtheywillalsoteachushowtobeabetterperson.125importanttheetiquetteandrulesareinourlives!（四）（2023·山东淄博·统考中考真题）根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。because,at,someone,first,much,invention,thank,moon,develop,about,if,hardworkingIfyouhaveeverlookedthroughatelescope(望远镜),youmightwantto126Galileo.Hewasbornin1564inItaly.Hewasabrightand127boywhowasalsotalentedinartandmusic.Hisfatherhopedhewouldbecomeadoctor.However,Galileolikedmathso128thathedecidedtostudyit.Hedidwellinschoolandhetriedhisbesttopaythecostofschool129hisfamilywaspoor.Hewasalsohelpingtosupporthisyoungerbrother’sstudies.Hetriedtoinventsomethingstomakemoney.Oneday,heheardthat130hadinventedaspyglass(小望远镜).Helearnedthattheinstrumentcouldshowfarawaythingsasiftheywerenearby.Itcouldmagnify(放大)thingstoappearupthreetimesbigger!Galileodecidedto131oneofhisown.Hequicklyunderstoodhowthespyglassworkedandmadeimprovements.Henamedhisimprovedspyglassthetelescope.Itcouldmagnifythingsuptotentimes.Hecontinuedtomakeimprovementstohis132.Onenight,hepointedhistelescopetowardsthenightsky.Hemadehis133spaceobservation(观察).Upuntilthen,everyonethoughtthatthesurfaceofthe134wassmooth!However,withhistelescope,Galileosawthatthenoonwascoveredwithmanybumps(隆起)andcraters(火山口).Thetelescopealsoshowedmanymorestars.Withit,Galileowasabletomakemanyimportantdiscoveries135space.（五）（2023·湖北黄石·统考中考真题）从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每空不超过三个词。animal

also

because

believe

bring

call

in

many

pet

signInChineseculture,therabbitrepresents(代表)themoon.Ancientpeople136thatarabbitwaslivingonthemoon.Therabbit137theJadeRabbitortheMoonRabbit.Itwasthe138ofthemoongoddessChang’e.Innature,rabbitscanreproduce(繁殖)inlargenumbersinashorttime.Inthisway,ancientChinesepeoplealsosawtherabbitasagood139.Theybelievedthe140childrentheyhad,theluckierandhappiertheywouldbe.Westernpeople141seetherabbitasasignofgoodluck.Theybelievearabbit’sfootcan142goodlucktoitsholder.Oldtraditionhasitthatifteenagerhunterscaughtarabbit,theycouldbeawarded(奖励)the143backfootinaceremony.Itwelcomedthemtomanhood(成年)withintheirclan(部落).Rabbitsalsoshowup144otherareasofWesternculture.ThenightbeforeEaster,kidsoftenmakenests(窝)fortheEasterBunnyinthegarden.Rabbitsareclosetotheideaofnewlife145theyhavelotsofbabies.（六）（2023·辽宁阜新·统考中考真题）根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个词只能用一次，有两个多余词）and

become

every

of

wonder

much

one

open

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thousandVisitingShanghaiShanghaiisoneofthelargestcitiesintheworld.Ifyoulikesightseeing,youwillloveit!Shanghai,abeautifulcityduringtheday,146evenmorebeautifulatnight.Attheendoftheday,boththeolderpartofthecityaroundtheBundandthemoremodernpartinPudongarefull147colourfullights.Thebuildings,bothnewandold,lookverydifferent148exciting.IfyouwalkalongtheBund,youwillsee149oldbuildings.ThePudongNewArea,justacrosstheHuangpuRiver,hasmanymodern150.Atnight,thesetallbuildingslightuptheskyin151direction.Ifyoulikewalkinginthestreets,trythefamousNanjingRoad.Therearebusyshopsandcoffeebars,andyou’llsee152ofpeopleenjoyingthemselves.Mostoftheshopscloseat10pm,butatthattimeteahousesarestill153,whereyoucanmeetoldfriendsandmakenewones.IfyouareinShanghaiforthe154time,makesureyouvisitthebeautifulOrientalPearlRadio&TVTowerandtheJinMaoTower.Ifyoutakeaboatalongtheriver,youwillhavea155experience.Ifyouenjoyhistoryandnaturalbeauty,YuGardenisabetterchoice.（七）（2023·山东菏泽·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，用方框内所给词汇的适当形式填空，使短文语义完整。smoke

and

see

quickly

chopstick

be

it

gift

husband

intoThereisaninterestinglegendabouthowchopstickswereinvented.ItissaidthatJiangZiyaandhiswifeoncelivedapoorlifeintheShangDynasty.Thecruelwifewasnotsatisfiedwiththeirlifeandalwayswantedtohurther156.Oneday,JiangZiya’swifecookedsomemeatandputsomethingintoitsecretly.WhenJiangZiyawasabouttotakethemeat,abirdflewinthroughthewindow157pecked(啄)him.Hedidn’teatthemeatandhurriedofftocatchthebird.JiangZiyaknewit158afairybird,sohepretended(假装)todrivethebirdandranafteritouttoahillside.Thefairybirdstoppedonabamboo,shookofftwobamboosticksandwhispered,“JiangZiya,youshouldpickupthemeatwiththesebamboosticks.”JiangZiya159pickedthetwobamboosticksandreturnedhome.Whenhiswifeaskedhimtoeatthemeatagain,JiangZiyaputthetwobamboosticks160thebowltoholdthemeat.Suddenly,he161thebamboostickshissing(发出“嘶嘶”声)outgreensmoke.JiangZiyapretendednottoknowaboutthetruthandsaidtohiswife,“Howcanthemeat162?Isthereanythingwrongwiththemeat?”Ashesaidit,JiangZiyapickedupthemeatandoffered163tohiswife’smouth.Hiswife’sfaceturnedwhiteandshehurriedoutofthedoor.JiangZiyaknewthatthesebamboostickswerea164sentbythefairybird.Fromthenon,heusedthetwobamboosticksforeverymeal.Afterthestorywastold,notonlydidhiswifedarenothurthimagain,butalsotheneighborslearnedtoeatwithbamboosticks.Later,moreandmorepeopleatewith165,andthecustomwaspasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.

►第10讲选词填空（解析版）提升·必考题型归纳（一）（2023·河南周口·校考三模）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。year

information

think

different

they

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why

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play

easyIt’ssaidthatusingcertainskillsis“justlikeridingabike.”Inotherwords,oncethey’vebeenlearned,youneverforget1.Andit’struethatwhileweoftenforgetfacts,wecanusuallyjumponabikeandrideawaywithout2aboutit.Butwhyareyougenerallystillabletorideabikeevenafterhavingnotriddenonefor3?Theansweristhatcertainskills,suchashowtodriveor4aninstrument,arepartofourprocedural(程序性的)memory.Itisakindoflong-termmemorythatperforms5procedures.Andwhiletheseproceduresmaybedifficulttolearn,oncelearnedcompletely,they’re6forgotten.Thishappensbecauseproceduralmemoryanddeclarative(陈述性的)memoryare7indifferentpartsofthebrain.Totellthedifference,declarativememoryisresponsibleforremembering8likenames,dates,andeventsfromyourlife.Studiessaythatthecells(细胞)inthepartstoringproceduralmemorycannot9loseorgethurt.Soproceduralmemoriesaren’terasedveryoften.Nowyouknow10wedon’tforgethowtorideabicycle.Canyounameotherskillsthatyou’realsounlikelytoeverforget?【答案】1．them2．thinking3．years4．play5．different6．never7．stored8．information9．easily10．why【导语】本文介绍了程序记忆是一个长期记忆，这些程序可能很难学，但一旦完全学会了，它们就永远不会忘记。1．句意：换句话说，一旦你学会了，你就永远不会忘记。根据“oncethey’vebeenlearned”可知，它们被学会，因此你不会忘了它们，they“它们”，作为动词forget的宾语，用宾格形式，故填them。2．句意：的确，虽然我们经常忘记事实，但我们通常可以毫不犹豫地骑上自行车离开。thinkabout“考虑，思考”，withoutdoingsth“