M受体阻断药阿托品课件

阿托品

Atropine,blockmuscarinicreceptors,causing

inhibitionofallmuscarinicfunctions.

thronapple(曼陀羅)【Sourceandchemistry】:alkaloid

生物堿

Stramonium曼陀羅

Belladonna顛茄

【Mechanism

】:blockmuscarenicreceptorsAtropine

hasahighaffinityformuscarinicreceptors.

Atropineisbothacentralandperipheralmuscarinicblocker.CompetitionofatropinewithacetycholinefortheMR

藥動學

Absorption:

readily

Distribution:

bloodbrainbarrier

Metabolism:partiallybytheliverElimination:

primarilyintheurine

Half-life:

4hoursItsgeneralactionslastabout4hoursexceptwhenplacedtopicallyintheeye,wheretheactionmaylastfordays.

【Pharmacokinetics

】

1.Eye:

mydriasis散瞳

unresponsivenesstolight

cycloplegia調節麻痹

intraocularpressure2.Gastrointestinal(Gl):

胃腸道

ReduceactivityoftheGltract—antispasmodic

HydrochloricacidproductionisnotaffectedMYDRIASIS

EyetreatedwithatropineLearnbyheart!【DrugActions

】3.Cardiovascular:

divergenteffectsdependingon

心血管

thedose

Low

doses

→Cardiacrate(Bradycardia)→

blockadeoftheM1（位於突觸前膜）→ACH

higher

doses

→

Cardiacrate(Tachycardia)

→blockedtheMR（位於突觸後膜）

attoxiclevels→Arterialbloodpressureisaffected

→dilatethecutaneousvasculature

4.Urinarysystem:

泌尿系統

Reducehypermotilitystatesof

theurinarybladder5.Secretions:

腺體分泌

Rlocksthesalivaryglandsontheoralmucousmembranes→xerostomiaSweat→elevatedbodytemperature

Lacrimalglands→xerophthalmia

1.Ophthalmic:

眼

MeasurementofrefractiveerrorsInduceanattacktonarrowangleglaucoma.2.Antispasmodicagent:解痙劑

Atropineisusedasanantispasmodicagent

torelaxthegastrointestinaltractandbladder.

Enuresis

→amongchildren

Learnbyheart!【Therapeuticuses】

臨床應用

3.Asantidoteforcholinergicagonists:解毒劑

Organophosphate

有機磷中毒

Mushroompoisoning

蘑菇中毒

4.Antisecretoryagent:抗分泌劑

Blocksecretionsintheupperandlowerrespiratorytractspriortosurgery.

Amonitamuscaria

毒蠅鵝膏菌:有毒,含毒蠅堿

BLURREDVISION視力模糊CONFUSION意識混亂MYDRIASIS散瞳CONSTIPATION便秘

URINARYRETENTION尿瀦留Adverseeffectscommonlyobservedwithatropine【Adverseeffects】不良反應

Drymouth

Blurredvision;sandyeyes;mydriasisandcycloplegiaTachycardiaConstipationUrinaryretentionCNS:

Restlessness,confusion,hallucinations,deliriumDepression

Circulatoryandrespiratorysystemscollapse

DeathDependingonthedose:AIM:

Masterythedrugaction,therapeuticusesandadverseeffectofatropine.FOCALPOINT:Drugaction,mechanismandtherapeuticusesofatropine.DIFFICULTPOINT:Differenceofsensitivenessofreceptortodifferentpositionofatropine;tothecardiovascular,especiallythefunctionoftheeye.SummaryPharmacology.MagaliTaylor,PeterReide,DanielHorto