高中英语《必修第三册》课后习题第五单元测评

第五单元测评(时间:120分钟满分:150分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。M:Peterwon’tgotothepartybecausehehastowork.W:JohnhastostudyandSuecaughtacold,sotheywon’tcome,either.1.Whyisn’tPetercomingtotheparty?A.Hehastostudy.B.Hehastowork.C.Hehascaughtacold.答案BW:Wouldyoupleasetellmehowtochooseacoursehere?M:Justgivethemmoneyafterfillingintheform,andthenleaveyourforminRoom203.2.Whatshouldthemandofirsttochooseacourse?A.Payforit.B.Fillinaform.C.GotoRoom203.答案BM:Hello,Linda.Howwonderfultoseeyouhere!Didyouhaveagoodflight?W:Yes,verysmoothandenjoyable.Thankyou.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atschool.B.Inapark.C.Attheairport.答案CM:Whydoyouneedallthatmoney?W:Well,I’mmeetingPeter.Wearegoingtogoskiing,andthismoneywillhelppayforthetrip.4.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Goskiing.B.Planttrees.C.Attendameeting.答案AM:Icalledyouyesterday,butnoonewasathome.W:Oh,myhusbandhasgoneoutonbusiness.Mysondidn’tfeelwell,soItookhimtohospital.5.Whosawadoctoryesterday?A.Theman.B.Thewoman’sson.C.Thewoman’shusband.答案B第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。W:Thankyouforagreeingtothisinterview.M:Well,I’malwayshappytotalktopeopleandanswerquestions.W:That’sverynicetohear.Peoplearecallingyoutheworld’shealthiestman.Whatdoyouthinkaboutthat?M:Idon’tthinkI’mthehealthiestmanintheworld,butIdotakemyhealthseriously.Iexerciseeveryday.W:Youcertainlylookgreat!M:Thanks.Betterthanthat,though,Ifeelgreat.Exercisemakesmehappy,keepsmystressleveldown,andgivesmeallsortsofenergyformyworkandfamily.W:Doyouhaveanyspecialwordsfortheaudience?M:Yes.Startexercisingtoday,andstartlivingabetterlife.6.Whoisthewoman?A.Aninterviewer.B.Aguestinthegym.C.Anaudiencemember.答案A7.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heexercisestwiceaweek.B.Hehasalotofstressfromwork.C.Hebenefitsalotfromexercising.答案C听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。M:OK.Ihavethecontractreadyforyoutosign,MsGold.W:Fine.BeforeIsignit,canyoureviewtheagreementwithme?M:Sure.ThecontractstatesthatyouwillprovideShaleCorporationwiththerightstodrillforoilonyourlandforthenextfivemonths.Inexchange,youwillreceive$1,000perday.Ifwefindenoughoiltocontinuedrillingforlonger,wecanextendthecontractfortwomoremonthsfromthedateofourdiscovery.W:Youalsosaidthatifwefindtheextraoil,Iwillreceive$1,200perdayifIagreetoextendthecontract.Right?M:Idon’tremembertheexactnumberthatwediscussed.Wasn’tit$1,100perday?W:Iwant$1,200perdayfortheadditionaldrilling,orIwon’tsignitatall!8.Whatisinthewoman’sland?A.Oil.B.Gold.C.Gas.答案A9.Howmuchwillthewomanreceiveforthefirstfivemonths?A.$1,000perday.B.$1,100perday.C.$1,200perday.答案A10.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Buyingsomething.B.Talkingaboutland.C.Signingacontract.答案C听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。W:Doyouhaveanytimethisafternoon,Dave?Ineedhelpwithmyessaythat’sduetomorrow.It’salmosttheendoftheterm,andthispapercountsforhalfofmygrade.M:Sure.Whatdoyouneedhelpwith?W:Well,Idon’tknowhowtowritethelastpartofmypaper.M:Youmeanaconclusion?W:Yeah.I’vebeenworkingonitforacoupleofdays.Itjustseemslikeit’ssupposedtomentioneverythingIjustwroteabout.M:Well,that’strue.Butyoualsoneedtogiveyourreaderssomethingtheywillremember.W:Butifyoureadmypaper,shouldn’tyouknowwhatmythoughtsare?M:Yes,butaconclusionhelpsyourreadersunderstandwhatismostimportant.W:WillyoureadwhatIhavesofarandtellmeifI’montherighttrack?M:Sure.11.Whendoesthewomanhavetohandinheressay?A.Thisafternoon.B.Tomorrow.C.Inacoupleofdays.答案B12.Whatisthewomanhavingtroublewith?A.Endingherpaper.B.Startingheressay.C.Givingmorethoughts.答案A13.Howwillthemanhelpthewoman?A.Bycorrectinghermistakes.B.Byshowinghersomeexamples.C.Byreadingwhatshehaswritten.答案C听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。M:MissTodd,couldIspeakwithyou?W:Sure.Comein.M:I’mherebecauseIwanttochangeroommates.W:Really?Thatsurprisesme.IthoughtthatyouandDavidweregoodfriends.M:Wewere.Wekneweachotherbefore.Wearefromthesametown,butitlookslikewehaddifferentreasonsforcomingtocollege.W:Howso?M:Well,Davidisreallyintohavingfun.That’sgreat.ButhehassomanypeopleinourroomallthetimethatIcan’tstudy.Andtheradioisonconstantly.W:Haveyoutalkedtohimaboutthat?M:Yes,buthejustdoesn’ttakemeseriously.W:Isee.Hereiswhatwecando.LetmetalktoDavid,andthenyouseehowitgoes.Justoneweek.M:But,MissTodd...W:Ifyoustillhaveaproblemattheendoftheweek,Iwillletyouchangearoom.ComebacktoseemenextMonday.14.Whatproblemdoesthemanhave?A.Hisroommateistoonoisy.B.Hisroommateishisgoodfriend.C.Hisroommateisintohavingfun.答案A15.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.TalktoDavid.B.Changehisroom.C.TeachDavidalesson.答案B16.Whoisthewoman?A.David’sfriend.B.Theman’sfriend.C.Theman’steacher.答案C17.Whendoestheconversationmostlytakeplace?A.OnSunday. B.OnMonday. C.OnThursday.答案B听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。Goodevening,welcometothestudents’union.I’mgoingtotellyouaboutsomeoftheclubsthatyoucanjoin.OK,let’sbegin.Notsurprisingly,therearethelong-establishedclubsthatyoucanfindatanyuniversity,liketheFootballClubortheDramaClub,alongwithawholerangeoflessusualclubs,theRockClub,forexample.WedohaveaRockClimbingClubhere,buttheRockClubhasnothingtodowithoutdooractivities—it’samusicclub.ThattakesmedirectlyontotheMountaineeringClub.TheymeetonTuesdaysandThursdays.AnotherclubyoumightliketotryistheDanceClub.TheymeetregularlyeveryFriday.Thistermthey’rerunningSpanishdancingclasses,nexttermit’sIndiandancingandinthesummerit’llbeScottishdancing.Ihaven’tcoveredeverythinginthisshortintroduction,butIhopeI’vegivenyouanideaofwhat’sonofferhere.18.Whichofthefollowingisthelong-establishedclub?A.TheFootballClub.B.ARockClimbingClub.C.TheMountaineeringClub.答案A19.WhendothemembersoftheDanceClubmeet?A.EveryTuesday.B.EveryThursday.C.EveryFriday.答案C20.WhatistheDanceClubrunningthisterm?A.Spanishdancingclasses.B.Indiandancingclasses.C.Scottishdancingclasses.答案A第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AYoumaybefamiliarwiththefollowingfamouspeople,buthaveyouheardoftheirgraduationspeeches,inwhichtheyeithersharetheirunforgottenexperiencesorgiveyousomegreatinspiration(灵感).MichaelDell,UniversityofTexasatAustinAndnowyou’veaccomplishedsomethinggreatandimportanthere,andit’stimeforyoutomoveontowhat’snext.Andyoumustnotletanythingpreventyoufromtakingthosefirststeps...Youmustalsocommittotheadventure.Justhavefaithintheskillsandtheknowledgeyou’vebeenblessed(赐予)withandgo.J.K.Rowling,HarvardUniversityHalfmylifetimeago,Iwasstrikinganuneasybalancebetweenmyambitionandtheexpectationfrommyparentswhowerenotrich...ButwhatIfearedmostofmyselfatyouragewasnotpoverty,butfailure.ThefactthatyouaregraduatingfromHarvardsuggeststhatyouknowlittleaboutfailure,youmightbedrivenbyafearoffailurequiteasmuchasadesireforsuccess.SteveJobs,StanfordUniversitySometimeslife’sgoingtohityouintheheadwithabrick.Don’tlosefaith...Yourworkisgoingtofillalargepartofyourlife,andtheonlywaytobetrulysatisfiedistodowhatyoubelieveisgreatwork,andtheonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.Ifyouhaven’tfoundityet,keeplookinganddon’tsettle.BillGates,HarvardUniversityWeneedasmanypeopleaspossibletohaveaccesstotheadvancedtechnologytoleadtoarevolutioninwhathumanbeingscandoforoneanother.Theyaremakingitpossiblenotjustfornationalgovernments,butforuniversities,smallerorganizations,andevenindividualstoseeproblems,seeapproachesanddealwiththeworld’sinequities(不公平)likehunger,poverty,andsoon.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了乔布斯等名人的毕业演讲,有些名人讲述了他们难忘的经历,有些则讲述了人生的启示。21.WhatMichaelDellsaidistoencourageusto.

A.listentoourheartB.runafterourdreamsC.followothers’exampleD.learnfromourmistakes答案B解析细节理解题。根据MichaelDell,UniversityofTexasatAustin部分中的“Andnowyou’veaccomplishedsomethinggreatandimportanthere,andit’stimeforyoutomoveontowhat’snext.”可知,完成了重要的学业,下一步就是去实现梦想了。MichaelDell想敦促大家去追求梦想,故选B项。22.WhatdidJ.K.Rowlingfearmostwhenshewasstudyinginuniversity?A.Failure. B.Hunger.C.Poverty. D.Appearance.答案A解析细节理解题。根据J.K.Rowling,HarvardUniversity部分中“ButwhatIfearedmostofmyselfatyouragewasnotpoverty,butfailure.”可知,J.K.Rowling最害怕的不是贫穷而是失败,故选A项。23.WhatdoesBillGatessuggestpeopledo?A.Masterasmuchadvancedtechnologyaspossible.B.Makecontributionstotheenvironment.C.Worktogethertosolvesomeglobalproblems.D.Takeresponsibilityfortheirownbehavior.答案C解析细节理解题。根据BillGates,HarvardUniversity部分中的“andevenindividualstoseeproblems,seeapproachesanddealwiththeworld’sinequities(不公平)likehunger,poverty,andsoon.”可知,BillGates建议人们去处理一些全球性的问题,故选C项。B(2021·福建莆田一中高一期中)AroundthistimeofyearwhentheweathergetscoolerinArkansas,therearealotofhomelesspeople,aswellaspeoplewithdifferentsituationswhojustneedhelp.Oftentimesourfamilyservesatasoupkitchenwheretheygiveoutbagsoffoodtoneedyfamiliesinourarea.Andwe’llhelpputthosebagsoffoodtogetherandhandthemout,amongotherthings.Therearealotofreasonswhyservingthecommunityisimportanttome,butoneofthemhastodowithmyfather.Mygrandfatherdiedwhenmyfatherwas4yearsoldandmygrandmotherhadfourkidsallundertheageof5,allbornprettyclosetogether.Thatwasatimewhenthingsweresobadinthecountry.Therewasn’tworkandoftenthefamilyhardlymadeendsmeet,somygrandmotherputthekidsinachildren’shomesothattheycouldatleasthavefoodtosurvive.MydadsaidheneverforgotthelocalcharitywouldbringthekidsagiftforChristmas.Thekidsworkedhardinthechildren’shomeandtheonlypresenttheygotwasfromthelocalcharity.Heneverforgotthiskindnessandalwaysappreciatedthelocalcharityforwhatitdidwhenhewasalittleboy.Mydadwassuchahardworkingworker-familymeanttheworldtohim.Iwastheseventhbabyinmyfamilyandmymotherhadmejustaftersheturned40.Shewasoneofthosehigh-riskpregnancymoms,andI’msogratefulshehadme.Mymomanddadmadeahappyhomeforus,andI’msogratefulforthat.Ihopemychildrenarecatchingthoselessons,notjustfromMomandDad,butfromgrandparentsandeveryoneelseintheirlives.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在施粥处帮忙的原因。24.Whydoestheauthorconsiderservingthecommunityimportant?A.Hisfatherledahardlifeinhischildhood.B.Hewasinspiredbyhisfather’slifeexperiences.C.Hewasgratefulforwhathisfatherhaddoneforhim.D.Hisfatherworkedhardandtookgoodcareofthefamily.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“Therearealotofreasonswhyservingthecommunityisimportanttome,butoneofthemhastodowithmyfather.”可知,作者认为为社区服务很重要,因为他受到了他父亲的生活经历的启发。故选B项。25.Whydidtheauthor’sgrandmotherputthekidsinachildren’shome?A.Thefamilyhadtoomanychildren.B.Thekidswereborntooclosetogether.C.Itprovidedfoodforthekidstosurvive.D.Thekidscouldleadaverycomfortablelifethere.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Therewasn’tworkandoftenthefamilyhardlymadeendsmeet,somygrandmotherputthekidsinachildren’shomesothattheycouldatleasthavefoodtosurvive.”可知,作者的祖母把孩子们送到儿童之家,因为它为孩子们提供了生存所需的食物。故选C项。26.Whichcanbestdescribetheauthor’sfather?A.Kindandcreative.B.Strictandhelpful.C.Devotedandpatient.D.Gratefulandhardworking.答案D解析判断推理题。根据第四段中的“Heneverforgotthiskindnessandalwaysappreciatedthelocalcharityforwhatitdidwhenhewasalittleboy.”和第五段第一句“Mydadwassuchahardworkingworker-familymeanttheworldtohim.”可知,作者的父亲是一个懂得感恩和勤奋的人。故选D项。27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Fathermeanttheworldtothefamily.B.Theauthorhopeshiskidslearntobegrateful.C.ThekidsreceivedChristmasgiftsfromtheirparents.D.Theauthor’sfamilyopensasoupkitchentoofferhelp.答案B解析细节理解题。根据最后一段句子“...andI’msogratefulshehadme.Mymomanddadmadeahappyhomeforus,andI’msogratefulforthat.Ihopemychildrenarecatchingthoselessons,notjustfromMomandDad,butfromgrandparentsandeveryoneelseintheirlives.”可知,作者希望他的孩子学会感恩。故选B项。C(2021·江苏高一期中)Afamousteacherwasspeakingtothestudentsatourschool.Hebeganhislessonbyholdingupa￡100bill.Thenhesaidtothethreehundredstudents,“Whowouldliketohavethis￡100bill?”Thestudentsbegantoputuptheirhandsatonce.Thenhesaid,“Iamgoingtogivethisbilltooneofyou,butfirst,letmedothis.”Hethenmadethisbillintoaball.Thenhesaid,“Whowantsit?”Handswentintotheair.“Well,”hesaid,“WhatifIdothis?”andhedroppeditonthefloorandsteppedonit.Hepickedupthedirty,crumpledbillandsaid,“Whostillwantsit?”Handswentbackintotheair.

“Myfriends,”hesaid,“You’velearnedavaluablelessontoday.NomatterwhatIdidtothemoney,youstillwanteditbecauseitdidn’tgodowninvalue.Itwasstillworth￡100.”“Manytimesinourlives,we’redropped,crumpled,andsteppedonbythechanceswetakeandthethingsthathappentous.Wefeelasifweareworthnothing.Butremember,nomatterwhathashappenedtoyou,youwillneverloseyourvalue:youarealwaysvaluabletothosewholoveyou.Yourvaluedoesn’tcomefromwhatyoudroporwhomyouknow,butWHOYOUARE.”Youarespecialandvaluable.Don’teverforgetit!【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲了一位老师使用一张百元钞票告诉人们无论发生什么事情,对于我们所爱的人,我们的价值都不会变。28.Eventhoughthemoneywasdirty,it.

A.wentupinvalueB.wasworthmuchC.didn’treduceinvalueD.wasstillours答案C解析推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Myfriends...Itwasstillworth￡100.”说明无论老师如何处理这张100元的钞票,它的价值都没有变化,仍然还是100元。故选C项。29.Theunderlinedsentenceinthethirdparagraphmeans.

A.thestudentsputuptheirhandsagainB.thestudentsputdowntheirhandsC.thestudentsagreedtowhattheteachersaidD.thestudentsputtheirhandsinfrontofthem答案A解析词句猜测题。根据第四段第二句“NomatterwhatIdidtothemoney,youstillwanteditbecauseitdidn’tgodowninvalue.”说明无论老师怎么对待这张100元的钞票,学生们仍然想要它。由此可知,“Handswentbackintotheair.”意思是很多学生又一次举了手。故选A项。30.Whydidthefamousteacherusea￡100athislesson?A.Becausehewantedtogivealectureaboutmoney.B.Becausehewasusedtodroppingabillonthefloorandsteppingonit.C.Becausehewasgoingtogivethebilltooneofthestudents.D.Becausehewantedtomakethestudentsknowwhatthevaluewas.答案D解析推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butremember,nomatterwhathashappenedtoyou,youwillneverloseyourvalue:youarealwaysvaluabletothosewholoveyou.Yourvaluedoesn’tcomefromwhatyoudroporwhomyouknow,butWHOYOUARE.”说明老师想通过这个例子告诉学生们:无论发生什么事情,对于爱我们的人来说,我们的价值都不会变,也就是老师想让学生们知道价值是什么。故选D项。31.Whatlessoncanyoulearnfromthepassage?A.￡100billisworththesamenomatterwhatyoudowithit.B.Allpeoplelovemoneymost.C.Yourvaluedoesn’tchangenomatterwhathappenstoyou.D.Thevalueofmoneychangeswhenitismadedirty.答案C解析推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butremember,nomatterwhathashappenedtoyou,youwillneverloseyourvalue:youarealwaysvaluabletothosewholoveyou.Yourvaluedoesn’tcomefromwhatyoudroporwhomyouknow,butWHOYOUARE.”说明无论发生什么事情,你的价值都不会改变,这正是我们从这篇文章中学到的。故选C项。DIt’sreportedthatscientistsinLondonhavefoundthebestdietforbothhumansandtheplanet.Iftheworldfollowedtheso-called“planetaryhealth”diet,eachyearmorethan11millionearlydeathscouldbeavoidedaccordingtothescientists.Forthehealthoftheplanet,theysaythesamedietwillreduce(减少)greenhousegasesandsavemoreland,waterandanimals.Thisnewfoodplanistheresultofathree-yearprojectorganizedbyTheLancethealthjournal.TimLang,aprofessoratBritain’sUniversityofLondon.Hesaid,“Thefoodweeatandhowweproduceitdecidethehealthofpeopleandtheplanet.”Langadded,“Theworld’spopulationisexpectedtogrowto10billionpeopleby2050.Ifwewanttofeedeveryone,weallneedtochangewhatweeatandthewayweeatbyimprovingfoodproductionandreducingfoodwaste.”So,whatdoyoueatonthe“planetaryhealth”diet?Thescientistswhocreatedthe“planetaryhealth”dietsayitislargelyplant-basedbutstillhasalittlemilk,fishandmeat.Thedietcallsforcuttingdownredmeatandsugarby50percentandincreasingnuts,fruits,andvegetable.WalterWilletofHarvardUniversityintheUnitedStatesalsotalkedaboutthe“planetaryhealth”diet.Hesaid,“Morethan800millionpeoplearoundtheworlddonotgetenoughfoodwhilemanymorepeoplehaveveryunhealthydiets.”Thescientiststhinkitdifficulttoreachtheiraim.Butforthem,doingnothingisalsonotachoice.Willetsaid,“Ifwecan’tmakethebestdiet,it’sbettertotryandgetascloseaswecan.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了伦敦几位科学家最近发现的所谓的“地球健康”饮食方式,及其对地球的好处。人们有通过改变饮食方式进而保护地球的潜力。最后阐述了这种饮食的具体内容以及这个项目探究的意义。32.WhatdecidesthehealthofpeopleandtheplanetaccordingtoTimLang?A.Thetasteofthefood.B.Thenumberofpopulation.C.Theclimateandourlivingconditions.D.Thefoodweeatandthewayweproduceit.答案D解析细节理解题。由题干中的TimLang可将本题答案定位在第三自然段。根据其中的“Thefoodweeatandhowweproduceitdecidethehealthofpeopleandtheplanet.”可知,D项符合题目语境,故选D项。33.Whatdoesthe“planetaryhealth”dietmainlycontain?A.Milk. B.Meat.C.Sugar. D.Plants.答案D解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Thescientistswhocreatedthe‘planetaryhealth’dietsayitislargelyplant-basedbutstillhasalittlemilk,fishandmeat.”可知,“planetaryhealth”diet包含的大部分为植物,故选D项。34.Whatdoscientistssayaboutthe“planetaryhealth”diet?A.Itisveryeasytoproduceit.B.Itisbettertotrytheirbesttomakeit.C.Itisbettertodonothingthanfail.D.Itisimpossibletomakeit.答案B解析细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Ifwecan’tmakethebestdiet,it’sbettertotryandgetascloseaswecan.”可知,科学家们认为尽可能地去尝试和接近“地球健康”饮食是更好的,故选B项。35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HumansHealthIsVeryImportant.B.ManyPeopledon’tGetEnoughFood.C.ANewKindofDietmaySavethePlane.D.DifferentPeopleHaveDifferentEatingHabits.答案C解析主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“It’sreportedthatscientistsinLondonhavefoundthebestdietforbothhumansandtheplanet.”可知,文章主要介绍这种新的饮食方式。C项中的newkindofdiet与这一主题呼应。且其中的SavethePlanet与“planetaryhealth”diet呼应,故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2021·河南洛阳第一高级中学高一月考)Doyouhaveaspareroominyourhouse?Doyouliketoshareyourdrivewayinfrontofyourgaragewithothers?Bothofthesecanhelpyoumakemoney.36

Perhapsthebest-knownexampleofacompanyinthisfieldisAirbnb—anAmericanwebbusinesswhichallowsyoutorentoutyourspareroomtoholidaymakers.Itsaysitoperatesin34,000citiesandithas800,000listingsofroomsandapartments.37ABritishcompanyisdoingsomethingwithparkingspaces.JustPark’sfounder,AnthonyEskinaizi,says,“whenIhadtheoriginalidea,Ispottedadrivewayclosetoasportsstadium.ItwouldhavebeensoconvenientifIcouldhavejustparkedinthedrivewayratherthaninacommercialcarpark.”38Around20,000peoplehaveadvertisedtheirspacesonthewebsite,andhesaysaroundhalfamilliondriversuseit.

39Theyarepeoplewhorunthingsliketraditionalhotelsandcommercialcarparks.Theyareafraidofendinguplosingmoney.

40Regulationsforthesenewbusinessesareunclear.Howwillrentingoutyourdrivewayaffectyourneighbour?Becausethisisanewbusinessworld,thoserulesaren’tthereyet.

A.Andthereisanotherproblem.B.Acommercialcarparkisinconvenient.C.Andhisgreatideahasprovedasuccess.D.Butthenewbusinessofrentinghasitscompetitors.E.Theyseemtohaveoccupiedthemajorityofthemarket.F.Butthegovernmentsaysnotothenewbusinessofrenting.G.Manypeoplearebenefitingfromthisnewbusinessofrenting.答案与解析【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了线上租赁房屋和车位的商业新模式及其所面临的挑战。36.G根据上文可知,和人分享空房间和车库前的地方都可以帮助你赚钱。即很多人正在受益于这种新的租赁业务。G项和上文保持语意一致。37.E根据上文可知,美国的Airbnb在网络上做这方面的业务做得很好,在34000个城市经营着800000个房间和公寓,所以可推测出该公司占据主要的市场份额。38.C根据上下文可知,JustPark’s的创始人AnthonyEskinaizi做了一个出租停车位的生意,很火爆。大约2万人在网站上登记出租车位,有约50万名司机受益。所以证明他的想法很成功。39.D根据下文可知,从事传统的酒店和商业停车场之类的人恐怕最终会赔本。所以选择D项。40.A根据下文可知,这些新的商业法规尚不清楚。租你的车道上将如何影响你的邻居?因为这是个新的商业世界,规则还没有。所以选A项(还有一个问题。)与上下文一致。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thetruepurposeofabusiness,PeterDruckersaid,istocreateandkeepcustomers.“Customervalue”hasseveraldefinitions.Iusethe41tomeanthetotallifetimevalueofacompany’scustomerbase.Companiescanincreasethisvalueby42morecustomers,earningmorebusinessfromexistingones,keepingthemlonger,makingtheirexperiencesimplerthroughdigitalimprovementsandsoon.43leadershavelongunderstoodtheimportanceofconcentratingoncustomervalueratherthanpursuingshort-termprofitsorquarterlyearnings,andthey’vebecomeenduringcustomerloyaltyleadersintheprocess.It’sworthnotingthatanumberofloyalty-leadingcompaniesareableto44shareholderpressure,oravoiditaltogether,becausetheyarefounder-led,customer-owned,ornotpubliclytraded.

Companiescan45customervalueinavarietyofways:Toincrease46,enterprisesoftwarecompaniessometimeschargecorporatecustomerschangefeesthatcanraisethetotalcostofownershiptoasmuchasthreetimestheoriginalprice.Toreduceoperatingcosts,restaurantchainssometimes47frozenandprecookedingredientsinplaceoffreshandmade-to-orderfood.Theresultingprofitsmaylookgoodontheincomestatement.Suchstrategiesmayevenleadtoshort-termearningsgrowth.Buttheyalso48potentialcustomersandencouragedisloyalty.

Giventheimportanceofcustomervalue,leadersshouldtrackitasmuchastheytrackotherkeyassets(资产),suchasbuildings,machinery,andmarketablesecurities.Theyalsoshouldrevealitintheirquarterlyandannualearningsreleasessothatinvestorscanmake49judgmentsaboutcompanyperformanceandhowitcompareswiththatofindustrypeers.Butmostcompanies50believethatmeasuringcustomervalueistoodifficultorcostly.Theycontinuetorelyonacenturies-oldaccountingtraditionthatemphasizesphysicalandfinancialassets,andneitherincomestatementsnorbalancesheetsoffermuch51intothevalueofacompany’scustomers.

Asinvestorswakeuptotheimportanceofcustomervalue,however,manygrowth-stagecompaniesnowdirectinvestors’attentionto52ingrowingthevalueoftheircustomerbase.Somepubliccompaniesincreasinglyreportvarioustypesofcustomervaluemetrics(指标).OneoftheUK’stopenergysuppliersE.ON,53,reportsyear-over-yearcustomercountsinitsfinancialreport.“Asacustomer-focusedcompany,”E.ONnoted,“weseecustomervalueascrucialtooursuccess.”

Thisisastart,butbecausetherearenocustomer-valuereportingstandardsorrequirements,investorsstillhavea(n)54picture.Theminorityofcompaniesthatdoprovidecustomervalueinformationdecideforthemselveswhattodisclose.55,firmsmaycalculatecustomermetricsdifferentlyorchangethemtotelladesiredstory,orsimplystopreportingthemiftheyfailtogowiththecompany’spreferrednarrative.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了顾客价值对于公司发展的重大意义。41.A.item B.versionC.term D.definition答案C解析item项;version版本;term术语;definition定义。该空上一句提及的customervalue是一个术语,并不是一个定义。故选C项。42.A.persuading B.consultingC.acquiring D.inspecting答案C解析persuade说服;consult咨询;acquire获得;inspect视察,观察。通过“earningmorebusinessfromexistingones”,可以判断出获得更多客户才有更多利润。故选C项。43.A.Considerate B.VisionaryC.Determined D.Powerful答案B解析considerate体贴的;visionary有预见的;determined决绝的;powerful有力的。该空后提及“领导早已理解客户价值的重要性”,这里强调的是那些有远见、深谋远虑的领导。故选B项。44.A.resist B.relieveC.intensify D.maintain答案A解析resist抵抗;relieve减轻;intensify加强;maintain维持。根据后句的“oravoiditaltogether”,可以判断该空与后面的句子在语义上表达的是同一个意思,即抵御风险。故选A项。45.A.raise B.adoptC.calculate D.destroy答案D解析raise提出;adopt采纳,收养;calculate计算;destroy破坏。通过该段后文的“Suchstrategiesmayevenleadtoshort-termearningsgrowth.Butthey...”从这句可以判断出,短期策略对公司长久发展不利。故选D项。46.A.income B.experienceC.productivity D.demand答案A解析income收入;experience经历,经验;productivity生产力;demand要求。通过该段后文的“Theresultingprofitsmaylookgoodontheincomestatement.”可以看出,公司采取这些策略的目的是提高收益,减少成本。故选A项。47.A.separate B.substituteC.forbid D.combine答案B解析separate分隔;substitute代替;forbid禁止;combine组合。该句提及“Toreduceoperatingcosts”可以判断出公司会采取手段来缩减运营成本,用速冻或预加工产品代替新鲜定制的食物会提升餐馆运营效率,从而提高营业额。故选B项。48.A.appealto B.relyonC.putdown D.scareoff答案D解析appealto对……有吸引力;relyon依靠;putdown放下;scareoff吓跑。该空前一句提及“Suchstrategiesmayevenleadtoshort-termearningsgrowth.”但话锋一转,作者使用了but,可以推断出其实这种做法并不是最可靠有效的,甚至会吓跑潜在客户群。故选D项。49.A.informed B.subjectiveC.definitive D.independent答案A解析informed了解情况的;subjective主观的;definitive确信的;independent独立自主的。下文提及公司应该公开一些报表数据,从消费者角度就可以得到更多信息从而客观评价公司的业绩了。故选A项。50.A.fully B.hardlyC.readily D.wrongly答案D解析fully彻底地;hardly艰难地;readily毫不犹豫,迅速地;wrongly错误地。由该空前面的but可以推断出,在现实当中,大多数公司并没有像文章中那样做,而是理所当然认为衡量顾客价值的方法不可取。故选D项。51.A.suspicion B.extensionC.literacy D.visibility答案D解析suspicion怀疑;extension拓展;literacy素养;visibility可见。因为上文提及好多公司并没有衡量顾客价值,自然也就没有可看得到的相关数据。故选D项。52.A.sacrifice B.successC.prejudice D.expense答案B解析sacrifice牺牲;success成功;prejudice偏见;expense花费。上文提及虽然有很多公司开始考虑顾客价值这一问题,但还是有很多公司没有考虑如何成功提升客户群价值。故选B项。53.A.asaresult B.forexampleC.onthecontrary D.ingeneral答案B解析asaresult因此;forexample例如;onthecontrary恰相反;ingeneral大体上。作者在这里以英国能源供应商的实际例子来支撑客户价值意义这一观点。故选B项。54.A.incomplete B.depressingC.convincing D.vivid答案A解析incomplete不完整的;depressing沮丧的,萧条的;convincing有说服力的;vivid栩栩如生的。前文提及“Thisisastart,butbecausetherearenocustomer-valuereportingstandardsorrequirements”可以判断,对于这一“客户价值”问题还有许多事情亟待完善,所以对于投资者来说,图景是不完整的。故选A项。55.A.Instead B.FurtherC.Otherwise D.Therefore答案B解析instead反而,代替;further进一步,再者;otherwise否则;therefore因此。该空前后提及的两种情况是递进关系,所以使用“更进一步”较为合适。故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Howdowehelpkidsmakewisechoicesabouttheirmoney?AnneKersten,56.FinancialteacherinAmerica,saysthatshestartsitbyopeninganongoingdialogue.Kerstenleadstwoworkshops57.(design)forfamilies.Botharevalues-basedmoneymanagementworkshops58.provideparentswithtoolsandtalkingpointsonhowtos