《钢结构安装》课件-3.9.1 组合结构概述

3.9.1组合结构

3.9.1CombinedStructure一、概论First，Introduction二、钢与混凝土组合结构Second,steelandconcretecomposite

structure三、钢与混凝土组合结构的分类及优点Third,theclassificationandadvantagesofsteelandconcretecompositestructure一、概论First，Overview由两种或两种以上性质不同的材料组合成整体，共同受力、协调变形的结构，称为组合构件。Astructureinwhichtwoormorematerialswithdifferentpropertiesarecombinedintoawhole,withcommonforceandcoordinateddeformation,iscalledacompositemember.定义definition钢与混凝土组合结构是其中较为常见的一种，也是土木工程领域日益广泛采用的一种结构体系，为此，本讲将详细讲述这种组合结构的构造和设计。Steelandconcretecompositestructureisoneofthemorecommon,anditisalsoastructuralsystemthatisincreasinglyusedinthefieldofcivilengineering,sothislecturewilldescribetheconstructionanddesignofthiscompositestructureindetail.专指型钢或用钢板焊接成的钢骨架Refersspecificallytosectionsteelorsteelskeletonweldedwithsteelplates？钢筋混凝土梁Reinforcedconcretebeams钢筋混凝土组合结构的特点

FeaturesofreinforcedconcretecompositestructuresPPDPDP钢筋混凝土梁Reinforcedconcretebeams素混凝土梁PlainconcretebeamsPD钢筋混凝土梁Reinforcedconcretebeams素混凝土梁Plainconcretebeams充分发挥混凝土抗压性能Givefullplaytothecompressivepropertiesofconcrete增强梁的刚度、强度和延性Enhancethestiffness,strengthandductilityofthebeam均匀裂缝HomogeneouscracksD钢与混凝土组合结构Combinedsteelandconcretestructure木结构timberwork砌体结构Masonrystructures钢结构steelstructure钢筋混凝土结构Reinforcedconcretestructure施工方便Convenientconstruction造价相对较低Thecostisrelativelylow承载力高Highbearingcapacity刚度和延性大Highstiffnessandductility抗震性能好Goodseismicperformance二、钢与混凝土组合结构

Second,steelandconcretecompositestructure50多年来组合结构的研究与应用得到迅速发展，至今已成为一种公认的新的结构体系。其与传统的四大结构并列，已扩展成为第五大结构。Formorethan50years,theresearchandapplicationofcombinedstructurehasdevelopedrapidly,andithasbecomearecognizednewstructuralsystem.Itisjuxtaposedwiththetraditionalfourmajorstructuresandhasbeenexpandedtobecomethefifthmajorstructure.第五大结构体系Thefifthmajorstructuralsystem钢与混凝土组合结构Combinedsteelandconcretestructure木结构timberwork砌体结构Masonrystructures钢结构steelstructure钢筋混凝土结构Reinforcedconcretestructure施工方便Convenientconstruction造价相对较低Thecostisrelativelylow承载力高Highbearingcapacity刚度和延性大Highstiffnessandductility抗震性能好Goodseismicperformance五大类Fivecategories二、钢与混凝土组合结构

Second,steelandconcretecompositestructure钢与混凝土组合结构依照钢材形式与配钢方式不同又有多种类型，并且一些新的结构形式仍在不断出现。目前研究较为成熟与应用较多的主要五种类型。Therearemanytypesofsteelandconcretecompositestructuresaccordingtothesteelformandsteelpreparationmethod,andsomenewstructuralformsarestillemerging.Atpresent,therearefivemaintypesofresearchthataremorematureandwidelyused.三、钢与混凝土组合结构的分类及优点

Third,theclassificationandadvantagesofsteelandconcretecompositestructure五大类Fivecategories压型钢板与混凝土组合板Profiledsteelplateandconcretecompositeplate钢与混凝土组合梁Steelandconcretecompositebeams型钢混凝土结构Sectionsteelconcretestructure钢管混凝土结构Steeltubularconcretestructure外包钢混凝土结构Outsourcingofsteelconcretestructures1.压型钢板与混凝土组合板

1.Profiledsteelplateandconcretecompositeplate定义definition在各种形式凹凸肋或各种形式槽纹的压型钢板上浇注混凝土而形成的组合板，Compositeplatesformedbypouringconcreteonprofiledsteelplatesofvariousformsofconcaveandconvexribsorvariousformsofgrooves,依靠凹凸肋及不同的槽纹使钢板与混凝土组合在一起。Relyingonunevenribsanddifferentgroovestocombinesteelplatesandconcrete.压型钢板与混凝土组合板的形式Theformofprofiledsteelplateandconcretecompositeplate1.压型钢板与混凝土组合板

1.Profiledsteelplateandconcretecompositeplate1.压型钢板与混凝土组合板

1.Profiledsteelplateandconcretecompositeplate优点advantages压型钢板可以作为现浇混凝土的永久模板。这样就省掉了施工中安装和拆除模板等工序，从而节省了时间和劳动力。Profiledsteelplatescanbeusedaspermanentformworkforcast-in-placeconcrete.Thiseliminatestheneedforinstallationandremovalofformworkduringconstruction,savingtimeandlabor.当压型钢板安装好以后将可以作为施工平台使用。同时由于不必使用临时支撑，也不影响下一层施工平面的工作。Whentheprofiledsteelplateisinstalled,itcanbeusedasaconstructionplatform.Atthesametime,sincethereisnoneedtousetemporarysupports,itdoesnotaffecttheworkofthenextconstructionplane.压型钢板可以作为楼板的底筋使用，减少了安装板筋的工作量。根据压型钢板的不同截面形状，最多可以减少30％的楼板混凝土用量。减少的楼板自重又可以相应的减少梁、柱和基础的尺寸，提高了结构的整体性能。Theprofiledsteelplatecanbeusedasthebottombarofthefloorslab,whichreducestheworkloadofinstallingtheplatereinforcement.Dependingonthecross-sectionalshapeoftheprofiledsteelplate,theamountoffloorconcreteusedcanbereducedbyupto30%.Thereducedfloorweightcancorrespondinglyreducethesizeofbeams,columnsandfoundations,improvingtheoverallperformanceofthestructure.1.压型钢板与混凝土组合板

1.Profiledsteelplateandconcretecompositeplate优点advantages压型钢板的肋部可以放置水电管线，从而使结构层与管线合为一体，间接地加大了层高或降低了建筑高度，给建筑设计带来灵活性。Theribsoftheprofiledsteelplatecanplacewaterandelectricitypipelines,sothatthestructurallayerandthepipelineareintegrated,whichindirectlyincreasestheheightofthefloororreducestheheightofthebuilding,bringingflexibilitytothebuildingdesign.在施工阶段，压型钢板可作为钢梁的连续侧向支撑，提高了钢梁的整体稳定承载力；在使用阶段，提高了钢梁的整体稳定性和上翼缘的局部稳定性。Intheconstructionstage,theprofiledsteelplatecanbeusedasacontinuouslateralsupportforthesteelbeam,whichimprovestheoverallstablebearingcapacityofthesteelbeam;Intheusestage,theoverallstabilityofthesteelbeamandthelocalstabilityoftheupperflangeareimproved.以上几个优点都可以相当大程度地缩短施工时间，取得良好的经济效益。Theaboveadvantagescangreatlyshortentheconstructiontimeandachievegoodeconomicbenefits.2.钢与混凝土组合梁

2.Steelandconcretecompositebeam定义definition将型钢梁与混凝土翼板通过抗剪连接件相连在一起形成一个整体共同工作的组合梁。Thesectionsteelbeamandtheconcretewingplateareconnectedtogetherbyshearconnectorstoformacompositebeamthatworkstogetherasawhole.混凝土板可以是现浇混凝土板，也可以是预制混凝土板、压型钢板混凝土组合板或预应力混凝土板。Concreteslabscanbecast-in-placeconcreteslabs,precastconcreteslabs,profiledsteelslabconcretecompositeslabs,orprestressedconcreteslabs.钢梁可以用轧制或焊接钢梁。钢梁形式有工字钢、槽钢或箱形钢梁。混凝土板与钢梁之间用剪切连接件连接，使混凝土板作为梁的翼缘与钢梁组合在一起，整体共同作用形成组合T形梁。Steelbeamscanberolledorwelded.SteelbeamsareavailableinI-beam,channelorbox-shapedbeams.Theconcreteslabandthesteelbeamareconnectedbyshearconnectors,sothattheconcreteslabiscombinedwiththesteelbeamastheflangeofthebeam,andthewholeworkstogethertoformacombinedT-shapedbeam.2.钢与混凝土组合梁

2.Steelandconcretecompositebeam带板托的组合梁Compositebeamwithplatesupport无板托的组合梁Compositebeamwithoutplatesupport组合梁的形式Theformofacompositebeam2.钢与混凝土组合梁

2.Steelandconcretecompositebeam张江立交改建工程ZhangjiangInterchangeReconstructionProject组合箱梁截面组合板梁截面优点advantages节省钢材，降低造价。增加了预制环节，为现场施工争取了时间。Savesteelandreducecost.Theadditionofprefabricationlinksboughttimeforon-siteconstruction.使混凝土受压，钢梁主要是受拉与受剪，受力合理强度与刚度显著提高，充分利用了混凝土的有利作用。并且由于侧向刚度大的混凝土板与钢梁组合连接在一起，很大程度上避免了钢结构容易发生整体失稳与局部失稳的弱点。Theconcreteiscompressed,thesteelbeamismainlytensileandsheared,thereasonablestrengthandstiffnessaresignificantlyimproved,andthefavorableroleofconcreteisfullyutilized.Andbecausetheconcreteslabwithlargelateralstiffnessisconnectedwiththesteelbeam,theweaknessofthesteelstructureispronetooverallinstabilityandlocalinstabilityislargelyavoided.2.钢与混凝土组合梁

2.Steelandconcretecompositebeam3.型钢混凝土结构

3.Sectionsteelconcretestructure定义definition型钢混凝土结构又称钢骨混凝土结构或劲性钢筋混凝土结构，Steelconcretestructureisalsoknownassteelframeconcretestructureorrigidreinforcedconcretestructure,根据配钢形式的不同，型钢混凝土结构可以分为实腹式配钢和空腹式配钢。Accordingtothedifferentformsofsteelformulation,thesectionsteelconcretestructurecanbedividedintosolidbellysteelandfastingsteelpreparation.是在混凝土中主要配置型钢、并配有一定纵向钢筋和箍筋的结构。Itisastructurethatismainlyequippedwithsectionsteelinconcreteandequippedwithcertainlongitudinalsteelbarsandstirrups.3.型钢混凝土结构

3.Sectionsteelconcretestructure北京国贸三期BeijingGuomaoPhaseIII3.型钢混凝土结构

3.Sectionsteelconcretestructure优点advantages在混凝土中配置的是型钢，这些型钢可以是轧制的也可以是焊接的。一般在大型建筑中经常配置焊接型钢，可以根据构件截面大小、受力特点，考虑到受力的合理性，灵活的选择焊接型钢各个板件宽度与厚度。Configuredinconcretearesectionsteels,whichcanberolledorwelded.Generally,weldedsectionsteelisoftenconfiguredinlargebuildings,andthewidthandthicknessofeachplateofweldedsectionsteelcanbeflexiblyselectedaccordingtothesizeofthecomponentsectionandthecharacteristicsoftheforce,takingintoaccounttherationalityoftheforce.3.型钢混凝土结构

3.Sectionsteelconcretestructure优点advantages型钢混凝土结构不仅强度、刚度明显增加，而且延性获得很大的提高，从而成为一种抗震性能很好的结构，所有尤其适用于地震区。Thesteelconcretestructurenotonlyincreasesthestrengthandstiffnesssignificantly,butalsogreatlyimprovestheductility,thusbecomingastructurewithgoodseismicperformance,especiallysuitableforearthquakeareas.比起钢结构建筑，采用型钢混凝土结构节省了大量钢材，降低了造价，而且避免了钢结构建筑防锈、防腐蚀、防火性能差，需要经常性维护等弱点。Comparedwithsteelstructurebuildings,theuseofsectionsteelconcretestructuresavesalotofsteel,reducesthecost,andavoidstheweaknessesofsteelstructurebuildingssuchasrustprevention,corrosionprevention,poorfireperformance,andfrequentmaintenance.4.钢管混凝土结构

4.Steeltubeconcretestructure定义definition钢管混凝土结构是在钢管内填充混凝土而形成的结构。Steeltubeconcretestructureisastructureformedbyfillingconcreteinsideasteelpipe.在钢管内可以配置钢筋，也可以只填充混凝土。Steelbarscanbeconfiguredinsidethesteelpipe,oronlyconcretecanbefilled.按截面形式的不同，可分为圆钢管混凝土、方钢管混凝土和多边形钢管混凝土结构。Accordingtothedifferentcross-sectionalforms,itcanbedividedintoroundsteeltubeconcrete,squaresteeltubeconcreteandpolygonalsteeltubeconcretestructure.4.钢管混凝土结构

4.Steeltubeconcretestructure圆钢管混凝土Roundsteeltubeconcrete方钢管混凝土Squaresteeltubeconcrete矩形钢管混凝土Rectangularsteeltubeconcrete钢管混凝土截面形式Steeltubeconcretesectionform4.钢管混凝土结构

4.Steeltubeconcretestructure4.钢管混凝土结构

4.Steeltubeconcretestructure钢管混凝土节点形式Steeltubeconcretenodeform4.钢管混凝土结构

4.Steeltubeconcretestructure（1）圆钢管混凝土柱的特点：(1)Characteristicsofroundsteeltubeconcretecolumns:

利用钢管约束混凝土，将混凝土由单向受压转变为三向受压。钢管混凝土结构充分发挥混凝土和钢材各自的优点，避免了钢材特别是薄壁钢材容易失稳的缺点，所以受力合理，大大节省材料。Thesteelpipeisusedtoconstraintheconcreteandtransformtheconcretefromone-waycompressiontothree-waycompression.Thesteeltubeconcretestructuregivesfullplaytotherespectiveadvantagesofconcreteandsteel,andavoidstheshortcomingsofsteel,especiallythin-walledsteel,whichiseasytoinstability,sotheforceisreasonable,andthematerialisgreatlysaved.圆钢管混凝土结构的最大弱点是圆形截面的柱与矩形截面的梁连接比较复杂，是推广圆钢管混凝土结构的一大障碍。Thebiggestweaknessofroundsteeltubeconcretestructureisthatthecolumnofcircularsectionandthebeamconnectionofrectangularsectionarerelativelycomplicated,whichisamajorobstacletothepromotionofroundsteeltubeconcretestructure.4.钢管混凝土结构

4.Steeltubeconcretestructure（1）圆钢管混凝土柱的特点：(1)Characteristicsofroundsteeltubeconcretecolumns:

利用钢管约束混凝土，将混凝土由单向受压转变为三向受压。钢管混凝土结构充分发挥混凝土和钢材各自的优点，避免了钢材特别是薄壁钢材容易失稳的缺点，所以受力合理，大大节省材料。Thesteelpipeisusedtoconstraintheconcreteandtransformtheconcretefromone-waycompressiontothree-waycompression.Thesteeltubeconcretestructuregivesfullplaytotherespectiveadvantagesofconcreteandsteel,andavoidstheshortcomingsofsteel,especiallythin-walledsteel,whichiseasytoinstability,sotheforceisreasonable,andthematerialisgreatlysaved.圆钢管混凝土结构的最大弱点是圆形截面的柱与矩形截面的梁连接比较复杂，是推广圆钢管混凝土结构的一大障碍。Thebiggestweaknessofroundsteeltubeconcretestructureisthatthecolumnofcircularsectionandthebeamconnectionofrectangularsectionarerelativelycomplicated,whichisamajorobstacletothepromotionofroundsteeltubeconcretestructure.4.钢管混凝土结构

4.Steeltubeconcretestructure(2)方钢管混凝土柱的特点：(2)Characteristicsofsquaresteelpipeconcretecolumn:克服了圆钢管混凝土柱的一些缺点。可以用作偏心受压柱，房屋的外观较好；连接面为平面，节点构造比较简单；方钢管构成封闭截面，自身刚度较大；由于钢材都分布于截面外边，抗弯承载力较高；钢板为连续配置，提高了对混凝土的约束作用，故构件的延性比钢筋混凝土结构明显提高；省去模板，方便施工。Someshortcomingsofroundsteeltubeconcretecolumnsareovercome.Itcanbeusedasaneccentriccompressioncolumn,andtheappearanceofthehouseisbetter;Theconnectionsurfaceisflat,andthenodestructureisrelativelysimple;Thesquaresteelpipeconstitutesaclosedsectionandhasalargerigidity;Sincethesteelisdistributedoutsidethecross-secti