《钢结构安装》课件-3.3.2 钢柱的安装

3.3.2单层钢结构钢柱的安装

3.3.2Installationofsingle-layersteelstructuresteelcolumns第一：单层钢结构钢柱的吊装施工First:theliftingconstructionofsingle-layersteelstructuresteelcolumns第二：单层钢结构钢柱的校正Second:correctionofsingle-layersteelstructuresteelcolumns

一、单层钢结构钢柱的吊装施工

First:theliftingconstructionofsingle-layersteelstructuresteelcolumns1.绑扎1.Lashing

如果柱的宽面在起吊后的抗弯强度能满足要求时，可采用斜吊绑扎法；当柱的宽面起吊后抗弯能力不足时，需将柱由平放转为侧立，绑扎起吊时，可采用直吊绑扎法。对于重型或配筋少的细长柱，则需两点甚至三点绑扎。Ifthewidesurfaceofthecolumncanmeettherequirementswhenthebendingstrengthafterliftingcanmeettherequirements,theobliqueliftingandlashingmethodcanbeused;Whenthebendingresistanceofthecolumnafterliftingthewidesurfaceisinsufficient,itisnecessarytoturnthecolumnfromflattoside-standing,andwhenlashingandlifting,thestraighthanginglashingmethodcanbeused.Forslendercolumnsthatareheavyorpoorlyreinforced,two-pointoreventhree-pointlashingisrequired.

一点绑扎斜吊法Alittlelashingdiagonalhangingmethod一点绑扎直吊法Alittlelashingstraighthangingmethod

2.吊升2.Lifting

采用旋转法吊装柱时，柱脚宜靠近基础，柱的绑扎点、柱脚中心与基础中心三者宜位于起重机的同一起重半径的圆弧上。起吊时，起重臂边升钩、边回转，柱顶随起重钩的运动也边升起、边回转，把柱吊起插入基础。Whenthecolumnishoistedbytherotarymethod,thecolumnfootshouldbeclosetothefoundation,andthelashingpointofthecolumn,thecenterofthecolumnfootandthecenterofthefoundationshouldbelocatedonthearcofthesameheavyradiusofthecrane.Whenlifting,theliftingarmraisesthehookandrotates,andthetopofthecolumnalsorisesandrotateswiththemovementoftheliftinghook,andthecolumnishoistedandinsertedintothefoundation.

旋转法Rotationmethod滑行法Glidingmethod

2.吊升2.Lifting采用滑行法吊装柱时，起重臂不动，仅起重钩上升，柱顶也随之上升，而柱脚则沿地面滑向基础，直至将柱提离地面，把柱子插入杯口。Whenliftingthecolumnbytheslidingmethod,theliftingarmdoesnotmove,onlytheliftinghookrises,andthetopofthecolumnalsorises,andthecolumnfootslidesalongthegroundtothefoundationuntilthecolumnisliftedoffthegroundandthecolumnisinsertedintothecupmouth.旋转法Rotationmethod滑行法Glidingmethod

3.对位和临时固定3.Alignmentandtemporaryfixation

钢柱对位时，一定要使柱子中心线对准基础顶面安装中心线，并使地脚螺栓对孔，注意钢柱垂直度，在基本达到要求后，方可落下就位。通常钢柱吊离杯底30～50mm。对位完成后，可用八只木楔或钢楔打紧或拧上四角地脚螺栓作临时固定。钢柱垂直度偏差宜控制在20mm以内。重型柱或细长柱除采用楔块临时固定外，必需时可增设缆风绳拉锚。Whenthesteelcolumnisaligned,besuretoalignthecenterlineofthecolumnwiththetopsurfaceofthefoundationtoinstallthecenterline,andmaketheanchorbolttothehole,payattentiontotheverticalityofthesteelcolumn,andonlyafterbasicallymeetingtherequirementscanitfallintoplace.Usuallythesteelcolumnishoisted30~50mmfromthebottomofthecup.Afterthealignmentiscompleted,eightwoodenwedgesorsteelwedgescanbeusedtotightenorscrewonthefour-corneranchorboltsfortemporaryfixation.Theverticalitydeviationofsteelcolumnsshouldbecontrolledwithin20mm.Inadditiontotemporaryfixingbywedges,heavycolumnsorslendercolumnscanbeaddedwithcablewindropestopullanchorswhennecessary.拧紧地脚螺栓的紧固螺母进行临时固定Tightenthefasteningnutsoftheanchorboltsfortemporaryfixation打紧钢楔或木楔进行临时固定Tightensteelorwoodenwedgesfortemporaryfixation增设缆风绳固定钢柱Cablewindropeswereaddedtofixsteelcolumns二、单层钢结构钢柱的校正Second:correctionofsingle-layersteelstructuresteelcolumns柱基础标高调整Columnbaseleveladjustment柱身垂直度校正Columnverticalitycorrection平面位置校正Planepositioncorrection123校正顺序：先校正偏差大的一面，后校正偏差较小的一面Correctionsequence:firstcorrectthesidewithlargedeviation,andthencorrectthesidewithsmalldeviation柱子的垂直度两个方向校正，校正后再复查一次平面轴线和标高Theperpendicularityofthecolumniscorrectedinbothdirections,andtheplaneaxisandlevelarereviewedagainaftercorrection1.柱基础标高调整1.Columnfoundationleveladjustment根据钢柱实际长度、柱底平整度、钢牛腿顶部距柱底部的距离，控制基础找平标高。Accordingtotheactuallengthofthesteelcolumn,theflatnessofthecolumnbottom,andthedistancefromthetopofthesteelcorbelfromthebottomofthecolumn,thefoundationlevelingleveliscontrolled.

调整螺母，调整柱子标高Adjustthenut,adjustthecolumnlevel下面螺母为紧固螺母，固定钢柱Thelowernutisafasteningnutthatholdsthesteelcolumn上面螺母为止退螺母，防止紧固螺母松动Theuppernutstopsthenuttopreventthefasteningnutfromloosening1.柱基础标高调整1.Columnfoundationleveladjustment调整方法：柱安装时，在柱底板下的地脚螺栓上加一个调整螺母，把螺母的上表面的标高调整到与柱底板标高齐平，放上柱子后，利用柱底板下的螺母控制柱子的标高，精度可达正负1mm以内。柱底板下面预留的空隙，用无收缩砂浆填实。Adjustmentmethod:Whenthecolumnisinstalled,addanadjustmentnuttotheanchorboltunderthecolumnbottomplate,adjusttheleveloftheuppersurfaceofthenuttobeflushwiththecolumnbottomplatelevel,andafterplacingthecolumn,usethenutunderthecolumnbottomplatetocontroltheelevationofthecolumn,andtheaccuracycanreachplusorminus1mm.Thevoidsreservedunderthecolumnfloorarefilledwithnon-shrinkagemortar.调整螺母，调整柱子标高Adjustthenut,adjustthecolumnlevel下面螺母为紧固螺母，固定钢柱Thelowernutisafasteningnutthatholdsthesteelcolumn上面螺母为止退螺母，防止紧固螺母松动Theuppernutstopsthenuttopreventthefasteningnutfromloosening2.平面位置校正2.Planepositioncorrection在柱底板侧面，用钢冲打出互相垂直的十字线上的四个点，作为柱底定位线。在起重机不脱钩的情况下，将柱底定位线与基础定位轴线对准缓慢落至标高位置，就位后，若有微小的偏差，用钢锲子或千斤顶侧向顶移动校正。Onthesideofthecolumnbaseplate,fourpointsonthecrosshairsperpendiculartoeachotherarepunchedwithsteelasthecolumnbasepositioningline.Inthecasethatthecraneisnotunhooked,thecolumnbottompositioninglineandthefoundationpositioningaxisarealignedandslowlyfalltotheelevationposition,andafterbeinginplace,ifthereisaslightdeviation,useasteelshovelorjacktomovesidewaystothetoptocorrect.预先在柱底板侧面和基础上打上定位线Positioninglinesarepre-markedonthesidesandfoundationsofthecolumnbase柱底板定位线Columnbaseplatepositioningline基础定位线Basepositioningline将柱底定位线与基础定位线对准Alignthebasepositioninglinewiththebasepositioningline3.柱身垂直度校正3.Columnverticalitycorrection