“海丝”沿线国家海岸带可持续发展能力指数报告2024

W、可持续发展能力W、可持续发展能力中国海洋发展基金会CHINAOCEANICDEVELOPMENTFOUNDATIONFIS福建海洋可持续发展研究院(厦门大学)中国海洋发展基金会福建海洋可持续发展研究院（厦门大学）报告顾问组成员报告科学组成员报告编写组（由本项目课题组成员组成） 4 4 4 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 12013年，中国国家主席习近平在出访中亚和东南亚国家期间，先后提出共又是一条促进沿线各国可持续发展之路（NationalDevelopmentandReform带区域普遍面临工业化和城镇化带来的环境污染、生态退化等问题（Protection,etal.,2018;Turschwelletal.,2020）。在2本报告对指标的替换和补充提高了海岸带可持续发展能力评价指标体系的31.“海丝”沿线国家海岸带可持续发展能力指数解释优势和需要改善提高的领域。海岸带可持续发展能力指数的分数以及单一主题/42.“海丝”沿线国家海岸带可持续发展能力指数评价方法评价框架具有以下优势1）强调可持续发展的多维性和综合性，而不是将指度指标，如“海洋食品供给量”既属于经济维度，也属于社会维度2）以政置了相应的子主题与指标，最终形成了主题-子主题-指标的三级评价指标体系。5海岸带可持续发展能力评价指标体系共包含7个主题、19个子主题与35个PM2.5浓度6报告通过其他相似指标找出与该国情况最相近的其他国家的数据进行替代或结作各个国家海岸带范围矢量文件，运用ArcGIS工具7式中，yij为指标数据标准化后的值，xij为i国的j指标初始值，xjmax和xjminCES函数模型有三种特殊情况1）如果综合指数的组成部分是完全可替组成部分的算术平均值2）如果综合指数的组成部分不可替代，CES函数变成莱昂惕夫生产函数，综合指数由最低分值的组成部分决定3）柯布道格拉8未来需要长期跟踪评价才能反映不同年份间9韩国阿曼黎巴嫩土耳其索马里3.“海丝”沿线国家海岸带可持续发展能力指数评价结果2所示（具体指标分数详见附件中的各子 克罗地亚利比里亚斯里兰卡 秘鲁共和国 塞内加尔莫桑比克坦桑尼亚孟加拉国 49.9049.5749.5049.3149.1548.3247.8447.8147.5046.9746.8546.8145.8644.73根据各国家海岸带可持续发展能力综合排名和主题是海洋和社会发展，得分分别为60.87和56.67，位列第32和33。克罗位列第39和35。阿尔巴尼亚海岸带可持续发展的优势主题为生物多样性和社会“海丝”沿线国家海岸带可持续发展能力各个主题得分及排名如表3所示151222451323346797613653388249862743947981865748918462565915779方面可以看出索马里在大气主题中得分较高的原因主要是由经济发展水平和产水利等资源，其中全国可耕地面积可达380万公顷，但是目前已开发的却不足布如图6所示。超过30亿美元，约70%的珊瑚礁受到破坏；此外，印尼是全球海洋塑料污染的排名倒数。海洋主题分数排名前10的国家依次为：卡塔尔（77.17）、葡萄牙沙特阿拉伯（69.60）、纳米比亚（68.94）、吉布提（68.28）和希腊（67.7“海丝”沿线国家海岸带可持续发展能力指数海洋主题得分空间分布如图7所），188种哺乳动物和674种鸟类。为了维护这一宝贵的自然遗产，塞内加尔通过实线国家海岸带可持续发展能力指数生物多样性主题得分空间分布如图9所示。“海丝”沿线国家海岸带可持续发展能力指数经济发展主题得分空间分布如图Andrew,M.E.,Wulder,M.A.,Nelson,T.A.,Coops,N.C.(2015).Spatialdata,analysisapproaches,andinformationneedsforspatialecosystemserviceassessments:areview.Giscience&RemoteSensing,52(3),344-373.Assessment,M.E.(2005).EcosystemsandHumanWell-being:Synthesis.RetrievedfromWashington,DC.Beatley,T.,Brower,D.,Schwab,A.K.(2002).Anintroductiontocoastalzonemanagement:IslandPress.Bodirsky,B.L.,Popp,A.,Lotze-Campen,H.,Dietrich,J.P.,Rolinski,S.,Weindl,I.,Stevanovic,M.(2014).Reactivenitrogenrequirementstofeedtheworldin2050andpotentialtomitigatenitrogenpollution.NatureCommunications,5,3858.Böhm,M.,Collen,B.,Baillie,J.E.,Bowles,P.,Chanson,J.,Cox,N.,etal.(2013).Theconservationstatusoftheworld’sreptiles.Biologicalconservation,157,372-385.Bruinsma,N.A.J.(2012).Worldagriculturetowards2030/2050:the2012revision.AgriculturalDevelopmentEconomicsDivision,FoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations,Rome.FAO.Chen,X.-J.(2001).Sustainableutilizationassessmentofmarinefisheriesresources(inChinese).(Doctor).NanjingAgriculturalUniversity,Nanjing.Chowdhury,S.,Peddle,D.R.,Wulder,M.A.,Heckbert,S.,Shipman,T.C.,Chao,D.K.(2021).Estimationofland-use/land-coverchangesassociatedwithenergyfootprintsandotherdisturbanceagentsintheUpperPeaceRegionofAlbertaCanadafrom1985to2015usingLandsatdata.InternationalJournalofAppliedEarthObservationandGeoinformation,94,102224.Daly,H.E.,CobbJr,J.B.,Cobb,J.B.(1994).Forthecommongood:Redirectingtheeconomytowardcommunity,theenvironment,andasustainablefuture:BeaconPress.Ecer,F.,Pamucar,D.,HashemkhaniZolfani,S.,KeshavarzEshkalag,M.(2019).SustainabilityassessmentofOPECcountries:Applicationofamultipleattributedecisionmakingtool.JournalofCleanerProduction,241,118324.Fan,B.,Li,Y.,Pavao-Zuckerman,M.(2020).Thedynamicsofland-sea-scapecarbonflowcanrevealanthropogenicdestructionandrestorationofcoastalcarbonsequestration.LandscapeEcology,36(7),1933-1949.FAO.(2013).Forest,Forestry,ForestProductandSustainableFuture(inChinese).RetrievedfromNewYork.Halpern,B.S.,Longo,C.,Hardy,D.,et.al.(2012).Anindextoassessthehealthandbenefitsoftheglobalocean.Nature,488(7413),615-620.Jain,S.,Shukla,S.,Wadhvani,R.(2018).Dynamicselectionofnormalizationtechniquesusingdatacomplexitymeasures.ExpertSystemswithApplications,106,252-262.Kutiel,P.,Cohen,O.,Shoshany,M.,Shub,M.(2004).VegetationestablishmentonthesouthernIsraelicoastalsanddunesbetweentheyears1965and1999.LandscapeandUrbanPlanning,67(1–4),141–156.QiJ.(1996).Utilizationofvegetationdatatoextracteffectivevegetationparametersofheterogeneoussurfaces.Presentationatthe2ndVegetationPreparatoryProgramme,11,18–20.Kwatra,S.,Kumar,A.,Sharma,P.(2020).AcriticalreviewofstudiesrelatedtoconstructionandcomputationofSustainableDevelopmentIndices.EcologicalIndicators,112,106061.Lechner,A.M.,Chan,F.K.S.,Campos-Arceiz,A.(2018).BiodiversityconservationshouldbeacorevalueofChina’sBeltandRoadInitiative.Natureecology&evolution,2(3),408-409.LornaInniss,AlanSimcock,AmanuelYoanesAjawin,AngelC.Alcala,et.al.(2016).TheFirstGlobalIntegratedMarineAssessment.RetrievedfromNewYork.NationalDevelopmentandReformCommission,S.O.A.(2017).VisionofMaritimeCooperationinBuilding"BeltandRoad".Retrievedfrom/display.aspx?id=26750&lib=lawNations,U.(2016).LifeonLand:WhyitMatters.Parris,T.M.,Kates,R.W.(2003).Characterizingandmeasuringsustainabledevelopment.AnnualReviewofenvironmentandresources,28(1),559-586.Pouliot,D.,Latifovic,R.,Zabcic,N.,Guindon,L.,Olthof,I.(2014).Developmentandassessmentofa250mspatialresolutionMODISannuallandcovertimeseries(2000–2011)fortheforestregionofCanadaderivedfromchange-basedupdating.Practitioner,140,731-743.Protection,M.o.E.(2017).TheBeltandRoadEcologicalandEnvironmentalCooperationPlan.Retrievedfrom/gkml/hbb/bwj/201705/t20170516_414102.htmRogelj,J.,denElzen,M.,Hoehne,N.,Fransen,T.,Fekete,H.,Winkler,H.,Meinshausen,M.(2016).ParisAgreementclimateproposalsneedaboosttokeepwarmingwellbelow2degreesC.Nature,534(7609),631-639.Sachs,J.,Schmidt-Traub,G.,Kroll,C.,Lafortune,G.,Fuller,G.,Woelm,F.(2020).TheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsandCOVID-19.SustainableDevelopementReport2020.RetrievedfromCambridge.Turschwell,M.P.,Brown,C.J.,Pearson,R.M.,Connolly,R.M.(2020).China'sBeltandRoadInitiative:Conservationopportunitiesforthreatenedmarinespeciesandhabitats.MarinePolicy,112,103791.UN.(2007).IndicatorsofSustainableDevelopment:GuidelinesandMethodologies.NewYork:UnitedNations.Wang,H.-f.(2020).Thevalueandsignificanceoftheconstructionofthe21stCenturyMaritimeSilkRoad(inChines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