【MOOC期末】《跨文化交流》(东北大学)中国大学慕课答案

【MOOC期末】《跨文化交流》(东北大学)中国大学慕课答案

有些题目顺序不一致，下载后按键盘ctrl+F进行搜索跨文化交流跨文化东北大学期末试题（客观题）1.单选题：Dominance,harmony,andsubjectionareallvalueorientationsthatcorrespondtowhichofthefollowingculturalproblems?

选项：

A、Whatisthenatureofhumanbeings?

B、Whatistherelationshipofhumanstonature?

C、Whatistheorientationofhumanstotime?

D、Whatisthehumanorientationtoactivity?

答案：【Whatistherelationshipofhumanstonature?】2.单选题：Past-orientedculturesshowlessconcernandrespectfor________.

选项：

A、tradition

B、theelders

C、fate

D、previousexperiences

答案：【fate】3.单选题：Timecanbedefinedinthefollowingwaysexcept_______.

选项：

A、scheduleofanbusinessappointment

B、theriseandfalloftides

C、therevolutionofthemoonaroundtheearth

D、animportantvictoryinbattle

答案：【scheduleofanbusinessappointment】4.单选题：Whichofthefollowingkinesicbehaviorsmaybemoreculture-specific?

选项：

A、emblems

B、illustrators

C、affectdisplays

D、adaptors

答案：【emblems】5.单选题：ThedialoguesbetweenleadersthatrepresentthecommunicationbetweencountriesinAPECorinG20Summitwillbeconsideredas:

选项：

A、Interracialcommunication

B、Internationalcommunication

C、Interethniccommunication

D、IntraculturalCommunication

答案：【Interethniccommunication】6.单选题：TheAmericanphilosopherThoreauoncewrote,“Allthepastishere.”Asforculture,whatdoesthatmean?

选项：

A、Cultureisbasedonsymbols.

B、Cultureislearned.

C、Cultureistransmittedfromgenerationtogeneration.

D、Cultureisintegrated

答案：【Cultureistransmittedfromgenerationtogeneration.】7.单选题：Culturereferstothetotalwayoflivingofparticulargroupsofpeople.Itincludeseverythingthatagroupofpeoplethink,say,do,andmake.Inthefollowingstatements,whichoneiscultural?

选项：

A、Consideringsnakestobe“evil”

B、Eatingwithknife,fork,andspoon

C、sleepingwithabedroomwindowopen

D、regrettingbeingthecauseofanaccident

答案：【Eatingwithknife,fork,andspoon】8.单选题：Whichisconsideredlow-contextcultureamongalltheactionsbelow?

选项：

A、Theuseofintermediariesorgo-betweensiscommon.

B、“Idon’tunderstand”isoftenusedtovoicedisagreement.

C、Hintingatsomethingisaneffectivewayofgettingwhatyouwant.

D、Verbalstatementof“Iloveyou”isoftenheard.

答案：【Verbalstatementof“Iloveyou”isoftenheard.】9.单选题：Whichisconsideredhigh-contextcultureamongalltheactionsbelow?

选项：

A、Peoplemeanwhattheysay.

B、Themessageismoreimportantthanthestatusofwhocommunicatedit.

C、Peoplehaveahardtimesayingno.

D、Ifyouwantsomething,it’sbesttocomeoutandaskforit.

答案：【Peoplehaveahardtimesayingno.】10.单选题：Whichstatementaboutvaluesisincorrect?

选项：

A、Valuesaresocialprinciples,goals,orstandardsacceptedbypersonsinaculture.

B、Valuesarelearnedbycontactswithfamilymembers,teachers,andmedia.

C、Valuestellamemberofculturewhatthingsaregoodandbad,orrightandwrong.

D、Peopleinvariouscultureshavebasicallysimilarvalues.

答案：【Peopleinvariouscultureshavebasicallysimilarvalues.】11.单选题：Whichofthefollowingisthemosttypicalbeing-in-becomingculture?

选项：

A、Japanese

B、Mexican

C、American

D、Chinese

答案：【Mexican】12.单选题：Mr.Zhang,aChineseimmigrantintheU.S,hasadaptedhimselftoAmericancultureandgraduallylosthisChineseculturalidentity.Thisprocessiscalled_____________

选项：

A、separationandsegregation

B、integration

C、assimilation.

D、marginalization.

答案：【assimilation.】13.单选题：_______________referstoone’ssenseofbelongingtoaparticularcultureorethnicgroup.

选项：

A、culturalidentity

B、culturalnorm

C、culturalvalue

D、subculture

答案：【culturalidentity】14.单选题：______________isthefirststageofthecultureshockwhereeverythingisnewandexciting.

选项：

A、Reintegrationstage

B、Gradualadjustmentstage

C、Honeymoonstage

D、Crisisstage

答案：【Honeymoonstage】15.单选题：Whichofthefollowingculturalgroupislikelytouseapersonalcommunicationstyleinsteadofacontextualcommunicationstyle?

选项：

A、Japanese

B、French

C、Chinese

D、Americans

答案：【Americans】16.单选题：WhichofthefollowingEnglishsayingsdoesnothaveasimilarconnotationinChineselanguage?

选项：

A、Wallshaveears.

B、Twowrongsdon’tmakearight.

C、Manproposes,Goddisposes.

D、Spreadmoneylikewater.

答案：【Twowrongsdon’tmakearight.】17.单选题：IntheUnitedState,whileinvitingguestsoverfordinner,whatdothehostsusuallydo?

选项：

A、Preparealotofmorefoodthandeeded.

B、Constantlyputfoodonthevisitor’splate.

C、Leavethegueststohelpthemselves.

D、Urgethegueststodrinkalot.

答案：【Leavethegueststohelpthemselves.】18.单选题：Whichoneiscorrectamongallthesentencesbelow?

选项：

A、SilenceisconsideredawayofshowingrespectinAmerica.

B、ItispropertoaskaboutmarriagestatusinGermany.

C、AclerkmayserveseveralcustomersatthesametimeinIndia.

D、YoushouldaskforhelpfromyourrelativesandfriendsinsteadofprofessionalsinCanada.

答案：【AclerkmayserveseveralcustomersatthesametimeinIndia.】19.单选题：WhichofthefollowingstatementsinNOTthefeatureincultureswithhighuncertaintyavoidanceindex?

选项：

A、Peoplechoosetoavoidconflictsandhavedifficultytoleratingfreshviews.

B、Lawsandrulesareofgreatimportancetopeople.

C、Peoplefeelcomfortableinunstructuredsituationsorchangeableenvironments.

D、Peopleseektoestablishsocialsystemstoprovidestabilityfortheirmemberstoavoiduncertainty.

答案：【Peoplefeelcomfortableinunstructuredsituationsorchangeableenvironments.】20.单选题：Inculturesofhighpowerdistance,people______.

选项：

A、formthehabitoffightingforequaltreatment

B、valuefaircompetitionandindependence

C、mayquestionauthorityanddonotnecessarilyacceptsuperiors’decisions

D、inauthorityarerespectedandenjoymoreprivileges

答案：【inauthorityarerespectedandenjoymoreprivileges】21.单选题：Individualismischaracterizedby______.

选项：

A、cooperation

B、competition

C、groupdecision-making

D、dependenceonorganizations

答案：【competition】22.单选题：____isanimportantpartofJapanesebusinessetiquette.

选项：

A、Asmallkiss

B、Alongershakehand

C、Ahug

D、Bowing

答案：【Bowing】23.单选题：Japanesebusinessmenregardbusinesscardas____

选项：

A、aresourceforfutureinformation

B、acasualfair

C、setofrules

D、akindofextensionofone’sidentity

答案：【akindofextensionofone’sidentity】24.单选题：_____maybeappropriategiftgiventothewesternbusinesspartners.

选项：

A、luxuriouswine

B、expensivetea

C、personalnote

D、money

答案：【personalnote】25.多选题：Whichofthetwoexemplifymen'smasteryovernature?

选项：

A、Peoplecanforecastnaturaldisasters.

B、People'sbeliefinFengshui.

C、SomeIndiansectsdonotallowthecuttingdownofanytrees.

D、peopleexploredtheouterspaceandlandedonthemoon.

答案：【Peoplecanforecastnaturaldisasters.;peopleexploredtheouterspaceandlandedonthemoon.】26.多选题：WhichtwogreatphilosophersinfluencedChinese'sbeliefthatpeoplearebelievedtobeborngoodbutmaybecomecorrupt?

选项：

A、Laozi

B、Confucius

C、Mengzi

D、Zhuangzi

答案：【Confucius;Mengzi】27.多选题：WhilethehighestgoalofcommunicationintheEasternCultureistoachieve____________,thehighestgoalofcommunicationintheWestistoachievethepracticalcooperationfromothers.

选项：

A、propriety

B、furtherrelationship

C、benefit

D、cooperation

答案：【furtherrelationship;cooperation】[vk-content]28.多选题：InChina,ifaTibetancommunicateswithaHan,itis_____.

选项：

A、intra-racialcommunication

B、interethniccommunication

C、internationalcommunication

D、interpersonalcommunication

答案：【intra-racialcommunication;interpersonalcommunication】29.多选题：WhichofthefollowingquestionswouldoffendspeakersofEnglish?

选项：

A、Doyougotochurch?

B、Areyoumarriedorsingle?

C、MayIknowyourname?

D、HowcanIgettothetrainstation?

答案：【Doyougotochurch?;Areyoumarriedorsingle?】30.多选题：Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutverbalstylesaretrue?

选项：

A、ManyAsiansuseanindirectverbalstyle.

B、Westernpeopleoftenavoiddirectfacttopleasetheotherparties.

C、Americansplaceimportanceonboastingabouttheirabilityandaccomplishment.

D、Personalstyleistheverbalstylethatemphasizestheindividualidentityofthespeaker.

答案：【ManyAsiansuseanindirectverbalstyle.;Americansplaceimportanceonboastingabouttheirabilityandaccomplishment.;Personalstyleistheverbalstylethatemphasizestheindividualidentityofthespeaker.】31.多选题：HowdoyoungpeopleinAmericalikelytogreetothers?

选项：

A、“Areyoualright?”“

B、“Whereareyouoffto?”

C、“Morning!”

D、What’sup?”

答案：【“Morning!”;What’sup?”】32.多选题：In______itiscommonforsomeonetocallhisorhermother-in-lawbyherfirstname.

选项：

A、theUnitedStates

B、China

C、Japan

D、theGreatBritain

答案：【theUnitedStates;theGreatBritain】33.多选题：Whichofthefollowingstatementsaretrueconcerningsocialrelationship?

选项：

A、Indiaisthemosttypicalindividualculture,whichplacesmoreimportanceonpersonalcompetenceandresponsibility..

B、Inhierarchicalsociety,peoplehaveclearlydefinedprivilegesandobligationsaccordingtotheirpositioninrelationtoothers.

C、Chinesemotherstendtolettheirchildrenmakechoicesanddecisions.

D、ToJapanesepeople,establishingagoodsocialrelationshipisthetoppriorityintheirlife.

答案：【Inhierarchicalsociety,peoplehaveclearlydefinedprivilegesandobligationsaccordingtotheirpositioninrelationtoothers.;ToJapanesepeople,establishingagoodsocialrelationshipisthetoppriorityintheirlife.】34.多选题：Whichculturesbelowareusuallyconsideredhigh-contextculturecountries?

选项：

A、Japan

B、Korea

C、American

D、German

答案：【Japan;Korea】35.多选题：Peopletendto________inindividualistcultures.

选项：

A、beself-reliantanddotheirownworkasmuchaspossible

B、maintainharmonyandavoidconfrontation

C、dependgreatoneachotherandoweloyaltytothegroup

D、emphasizepersonalrights,responsibilities,privacyandinnovation

答案：【beself-reliantanddotheirownworkasmuchaspossible;emphasizepersonalrights,responsibilities,privacyandinnovation】36.多选题：Whatarethecharacteristicsinmasculinecultures?

选项：

A、Bothmenandwomenarerelativelytough,andtheirsocialgenderrolesareclearlydistinct.

B、Bothmenandwomenaresupposedtobemodest,tender,andconcernedwiththequalityoflife.

C、Peoplepursuewealthandmaterialthingsandtheyliveinordertowork.

D、Qualityoflifeisvaluedandtheyworkinordertolive.

答案：【Bothmenandwomenarerelativelytough,andtheirsocialgenderrolesareclearlydistinct.;Peoplepursuewealthandmaterialthingsandtheyliveinordertowork.】37.多选题：Inlowpowerdistancecultures,________.

选项：

A、socialstatusandranksaremoreimportant

B、peopleinauthorityareexpectedtoearnpeople’srespect

C、peopleacceptinequalityastheculturalnorm

D、societyvaluesfaircompetitionandindependence

答案：【peopleinauthorityareexpectedtoearnpeople’srespect;societyvaluesfaircompetitionandindependence】38.多选题：Whenfacingconflicts,Americanbusinessmenwould_____.

选项：

A、useauthoritytosolveproblems

B、settledthingsinprivate

C、confrontproblemsdirectly

D、bringthingsintheopen

答案：【confrontproblemsdirectly;bringthingsintheopen】39.多选题：WhichofthefollowingstatementsaretruewhenChinesebusinessmenintendtoshowtheirdisagreement?

选项：

A、Theymaysay“We’llthinkthisoveragain”

B、Theymaysay“no”directly

C、Theymaysay“no”indirectly.

D、Theymaysay“no“explicitly

答案：【Theymaysay“We’llthinkthisoveragain”;Theymaysay“no”indirectly.】40.多选题：There’retwomainlytwokindsofeducationstyleswhichare_____.

选项：

A、communicationstyle

B、learningstyle

C、culturalstyle

D、teachingstyle

答案：【learningstyle;teachingstyle】41.多选题：Whichofthefollowingmaybetypicalofpolychromiccultures?

选项：

A、takingtimecommitmentsseriously

B、changingplansoftenandeasily

C、focusingmoreonpeopleandhumanrelationships

D、doingonethingatatime

答案：【changingplansoftenandeasily;focusingmoreonpeopleandhumanrelationships】42.多选题：Sofarasinterculturalcommunicationisconcerned,itislikelythat___________.

选项：

A、theMiddleEasternersmaybecloseenoughtobreatheonanotherpersonwhiletalking

B、EuropeanAmericansthinknothingofbeingkeptwaitingforascheduledappointment

C、NativeAmericansaremorelikelytoputtheirfateinthehandsofunseenoutsideforcesthanontheirownefforts.

D、German’ssenseofterritorialitymayextendtotheirpersonalbelongings

答案：【theMiddleEasternersmaybecloseenoughtobreatheonanotherpersonwhiletalking;German’ssenseofterritorialitymayextendtotheirpersonalbelongings】43.多选题：WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutnonverbalcommunicationsareTrue?

选项：

A、Nonverbalcodesreferexclusivelytothepartoficebergthatemergeabovethewaterline.

B、Differentnonverbalbehaviorslikegestures,facialexpressionsandsooncanfunctionwithoutregardtoeachother.

C、Nonverbalcodestakeupagreaterpartininterculturalcommunicationthanverbalones.

D、Oneaspectofnonverbalcommunicationischronemics,whichreferstothestudyofhowpeopleuse,structure,interpretandunderstandtime.

答案：【Nonverbalcodestakeupagreaterpartininterculturalcommunicationthanverbalones.;Oneaspectofnonverbalcommunicationischronemics,whichreferstothestudyofhowpeopleuse,structure,interpretandunderstandtime.】44.多选题：Becauseofdifferentculturespeoplehavedifferentcustomsandbehaviors.Inthefollowingstatements,whichonesarenotpopularinChineseculture?

选项：

A、Nameadogafterone’sfather.

B、Respecttheelderpeople.

C、Facesavingisnotimportant.

D、Havepot-luckdinner.

答案：【Nameadogafterone’sfather.;Facesavingisnotimportant.;Havepot-luckdinner.】45.多选题：Despitethefactthatweallunderstandcommunicationdifferently,somecharacteristicsofcommunicationarecommontoallhumanbeings.Whichonesaretrueamongthefollowingstatements?

选项：

A、Communicationissymbolic.

B、Communicationisstatic.

C、Communicationisself-reflective.

D、Communicationisbornwithhumanbeings.

答案：【Communicationissymbolic.;Communicationisstatic.】46.多选题：Cultureiscomparedtoaniceberg.Justasaniceberghasavisiblesectionabovethewaterlineandalargerinvisiblesectionbelowthewaterline,soculturehassomeaspectsthatareobservableandothersthatcanonlybesuspected,imagedandintuited.Amongthefollowingfeaturesofculture,whichonesareconsideredobservable?

选项：

A、facialexpressions

B、childraisingbeliefs

C、styleofdress

D、rulesofetiquette

答案：【facialexpressions;styleofdress】47.多选题：Whichsituationsbelowareconsideredhigh-contextculture?

选项：

A、Peoplegetdowntobusinessrightawayandoftenomitany“small”talk.

B、Whendoingbusinessitisimportanttobeontimeformeetings.

C、Peopleholdintimateattitudetowardstheirin-groupfriendsandtheybelieve“choosingtherightgroupthenyouwillsucceed.

D、Peopleavoideyecontactasasignofrespect.

答案：【Peopleholdintimateattitudetowardstheirin-groupfriendsandtheybelieve“choosingtherightgroupthenyouwillsucceed.;Peopleavoideyecontactasasignofrespect.】48.多选题：Whichculturesbelowareusuallyconsideredlow-contextculturecountries?

选项：

A、Finland

B、Chinese

C、Thailand

D、British

答案：【Finland;British】49.单选题：ThedesiretodebateissuesdirectlyandopenlyleadsAmericanbusinessmentobeseenbysomeculturesasaggressiveandevenrude.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【正确】50.单选题：Chinesehaveatendencytolikeperiodsofsilenceduringnegotiationsandinconversationsingeneral.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【正确】51.单选题：BuildingcompanyasopposetopersonalrelationshipsisvaluedhigherinAmericanbusinessculture.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【正确】52.单选题：Inlow-uncertaintyavoidancecultures,peopletendtoacceptandwelcomedifferentandunusualideasandtrynewthings.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【正确】53.单选题：Infemininecultures,thegenderwagegapislargerandfewerwomenareatmanagementstatus.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【错误】54.单选题：Inindividualistcultures,peopleusuallyspeaktheirmindsandtellthetruthopenlyanddirectly.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【正确】55.单选题：Privateterritoriesaremoreformallymarkedandthusbearmorevalidity.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【正确】56.单选题：Oncewehavemasteredaforeignlanguage,wecancommunicatewithitsnativespeakersfreelywithnobarriers.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【错误】57.单选题：Theelaboratestyle,whichinvolvestheuseofrich,expressivelanguageisoftenusedbyJapanesepeople.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【错误】58.单选题：“Fox”inbotheasternandwesternculturehasthesameconnotation.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【正确】59.单选题：Culturalbreakdowns,setbacksorconflictsresultfrommisinterpretations,ethnocentrism,andstereotypeasaresultofracialbiases.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【正确】60.单选题：Ethnocentrismisusuallylearnedattheconsciouslevel.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【错误】61.单选题：Misinterpretationsdoresulteverytimemembersfromtwoculturescommunicate.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【错误】62.单选题：Valuesaresometimesdifficulttobeunderstoodbyanoutsidermainlybecausetheyarelesseasilynoticeablethanlanguages,customsandbehaviors.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【正确】63.单选题：Inlowcontextculturebusinessisconductedonlyafterenoughtimeistakenfortalkingaboutfamily,health,importantpolitics,etc.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【错误】64.单选题：Payingattentiontothestatusofthecommunicatorisasimportantasthemessageitselfinlowcontextculture.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【错误】65.单选题：Inlowcontextcultureitisalrighttosay“Idisagree”toyourprofessorinclass.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【正确】66.单选题：Westernersemphasizetheinstrumentalfunctionofcommunication.Therefore,westernersaregenerallymorecourteousandindirectintheirmodeofcommunication.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【错误】67.单选题：Cultureisinnateassoonasapersonisborn.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【错误】68.单选题：Inmulti-culturalcommunication,physicaldifferencessometimesmightresultintostereotyping,prejudiceorevendiscrimination.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【正确】69.单选题：Formaltimesystemsrefertotheprecise,scientificmeasurementoftimeunitssuchaslightyearsormicroseconds.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【错误】70.单选题：Relationshipsexertsuchaminorinfluenceonpersonalspacethattheymaywellbeneglected.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【错误】71.单选题：Peopleinpast-orientedculturesrespectoldpeopleandplacehighvalueonhistoryandexperiences.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【正确】72.单选题：Womenusuallyplacetheirgreatestworkplacevaluesonstatusandpower.

选项：

A、正确

B、错误

答案：【错误】73.Thekinesicbehaviorofavoidingeye-contactwithteachersduringthequestionsessioniscalleda(n)_________.

答案：【regulator】74.Thekinesicbehaviorofpointingindexfingerswhilegivingdirectionsiscalleda(n)_______.

答案：【illustrator】75.Thekinesicbehaviorofunconsciouslyscratchinganitchiscalleda(n)_______.

答案：【adaptor】76.The______communicationstylecanbefoundinJapanandChina,wheresilenceisconsideredapowerfultoolofcommunicationandtalkativepeoplecanbelabeledasnottrustworthy.

答案：【understatement】77.Whenweuseaword,sometimesweuseitsliteralmeaningorbasicmeaning.Thatiscalledthe______ofwords

答案：【denotation】78.InmanyEnglish-speakingcountries,itiscommonforpeopleaddresseachotherbyusingtheir_______name.

答案：【first/given】79.Fourelementsaffectthequalityofinterculturalcommunication.Theyare_____,verbalprocess,nonverbalprocessandcontextualelements.

答案：【perception】80.Cultureiscomparedasthe“_______ofourmind”,regulatingandgoverningpeople’sbehaviors.

答案：【software】81.Theprocessofcommunicationhas10components:sender,encoding,message,channel,receiver,decoding,response,________,noiseandcontext.

答案：【feedback】82.TheAmericananthropologistEdwardT.Halloffersusaneffectivemeansofexaminingculturalsimilaritiesanddifferencesinbothperceptionandcommunication.Hedefines________as“theinformationthatsurroundsanevent;itisinextricablyboundupwiththemeaningoftheevent.”

答案：【context】83.In________,theverbalmessagecontainsmostoftheinformationandverylittleisshowninthecontextortheparticipants.

答案：【low-contextcultures】84.In________-orientedcultures,peopletendtolookforwardinthoughtoractionandemphasizewhatistocome.

答案：【future】85.InBeingcultures,socialstatusand________aremoreimportantthanwhatapersondoes.

答案：【position】86.Valuesthatarecommontoallhumanbeingsare________values.

答案：【universal】87.Usuallyethnocentrismmaycausemanynegativeeffects,whilewehavetoadmitthatitmayalsohave______________effectsinsomecases.

答案：【positive】88.Thefourstrategiesofculturaladaptationincludeacculturation,separationandsegregation,integrationand_________________.

答案：【marginalization】89.Mapsdrawnbydifferentcountriesputtheircountryatthecenterofthemap.Thiscouldbeinterpretedasasymbolof_____________

答案：【ethnocentrism】90.In________,informationisprovidedthroughgestures,theuseofspace,andevensilence.

答案：【high-contextcultures】91.Membersinthecultureofhigh______havealowertoleranceforuncertaintyandambiguity.

答案：【uncertaintyavoidance】92.Peoplefromhigh______culturestendtoseesame-sexrelationshipsasmoreintimatethanopposite-sexrelationships.

答案：【masculine】93.In______cultures,peoplearebornintoextendedfamiliesthatsupportandprotecttheminexchangefortheirloyalty.

答案：【collective】94.Cultureaffectsallareasofbusinesscommunicationsincludingboth_____and_____ones.

答案：【verbalandnonverbal/nonverbalandverbal】95._____isakindofsettingsintertwinedwithalotofculturalexchangesinbusiness,suchasacollaborativebusinessventure.

答案：【Businesscontext】96.Fromtheviewofinterculturalcommunication,threecontextsmightoccurfrequentlyandbeinfluencedmostbyculturaldifferences，whicharebusiness,healthcareand______.

答案：【educationcontext】跨文化交流期末考试（主观题）1.案例分析Directions:AnalyzethefollowingTWOcases.Youarerequiredtoa.describetheculturalphenomenonreflectedinthecase.(2points)b.analyzeorexplainthephenomenonbyusingatleasttwoculturaltheorieswehavelearned(6points)c.giveyourownopiniononhowtomakenecessaryadjustmentstoachievemoresuccessfulinterculturalcommunication.2(points)Case1LihasreturnedtoChinaafterayearintheStates.Hemarrieshischildhoodsweetheart,WangLan,whohasnevertraveledandspeaksverylittleEnglish.WhenLi’sbestfriendintheStates,Bob,comestovisitChinaforthefirsttime,heisintroducedtoWangLan.“Gee,it’sgreattomeetyou”,saysBob,“LitalkedaboutyouallthetimebackinHouston!”,andKissesWanglanheartilyonbothcheeks.WangLanisshocked.Case2AlanRichardsonwasassignedtoheaduptherelativelynewmarketingtreatmentofhiscompany’soff-shoreofficeinMexicoCity.WithincreasingcompetitionoinMexico,U.S.headquarterscommunicatedtoAlanthathewastobringthedepartmentinthelinewiththoseinotherinternationaloffices.AlancalledhisfistmeetinginhisofficeonFridayafternoonwiththemenwhohadbeenhandlingmarketandworkingwithallsupportstaff.Thefirstitemonhisagendawastoaskforsuggestionsastohowtheymightincreasesalesbyusingpromotionalcampaign.Afterashortdiscussion,hethenproposedthatthetwoprimarymarketingresearchersEduardoandMiguel,lookintoamarketingresearchsystem,thinkingthatwhoeverprovedtobethebetterresearcherwouldbepromotedtomanager.Heconcludedthemeetingbythankingthemfortheirtimeandsayingthatthegroupwouldmeetagainnextweektoshareinformation.ThegroupsatsilentlyuntilAlansaidthathehadbeenspeakingallday.:That’sallfornow,guys.Haveagoodweekend.”Nextweekatthefollow-upmeeting,hewassurprisedtofindthatnooneinhisgrouphadanythingtosuggestorreporton.

简答题一共20分，案例分析20分。答案：【Case1a.DescriptionoftheculturalphenomenonTheculturalphenomenoninthiscaseisthedifferenceingreetingcustomsbetweenWesternandChinesecultures.Bob,comingfromtheUnitedStates,usesaWestern-stylegreetingofkissingonbothcheekstoshowhisfriendlinessandwarmthwhenmeetingWangLan.However,WangLan,whoisfromatraditionalChineseculturalbackgroundandhaslittleexposuretoWesterncultures,isshockedbythisgesture.InChineseculture,physicalcontactlikekissingonthecheeksisnotacommonwaytogreetsomeone,especiallyinafirstencountersituation,andisconsideredinappropriateinmanysocialcontexts.b.AnalysisusingculturaltheoriesHofstede'sCulturalDimensionsTheory-Individualismvs.Collectivism:IntheUnitedStates,whichscoreshighonindividualisminHofstede'sframework,peopletendtobemoreopenandexpressiveintheirinteractions.Physicalcontactsuchaskissingonthecheeksisawaytoshowpersonalconnectionandfriendliness.Itreflectsanindividualisticapproachwherepersonalrelationshipsandself-expressionareemphasized.Incontrast,Chinaisamorecollectivisticculture.Peoplearemoreconcernedaboutsocialnormsandtheexpectationsofthegroup.Publicdisplaysofaffection,especiallyinaformalorfirstmeetingsituation,arenotinlinewiththecollectivistvaluesthatprioritizemaintainingsocialharmonyandappropriatebehaviorwithinthegroup.Hall'sHigh-andLow-ContextCulturesTheory:TheUnitedStatesisarelativelylow-contextculture.Inlow-contextcultures,communicationismoreexplicit,andpeoplerelyonverbalmessagestoconveymeaning.Kissingonthecheeksisadirectwaytoshowpositiveemotions.China,ontheotherhand,isahigh-contextculture.Inhigh-contextcultures,communicationisoftenimplicit,andnon-verbalcuesarelesslikelytoincludesuchdirectphysicalcontact.Socialnormsandrelationshipsaremoreimportant,andpeopleexpectacertainlevelofformalityandrestraintingreetings.c.SuggestionsforsuccessfulinterculturalcommunicationToachievemoresuccessfulinterculturalcommunicationinthissituation,severaladjustmentscanbemade.First,BobshouldhavebeenmoreawareoftheculturaldifferencesingreetingcustomsbeforecomingtoChina.HecouldhaveaskedLiabouttheappropriatewaytogreetWangLan.Li,asapersonwhohasexperiencedbothcultures,shouldhavealsopreparedWangLaninadvanceaboutthepossibleWestern-stylegreetingsthatBobmightuse.Additionally,whensuchamisunderstandingoccurs,bothpartiesshouldbeopentocommunication.Bobcanexplainthatitisacommonwaytogreetinhisculture,andWangLancanshareherdiscomfortinapoliteway.Thiskindofopendialoguecanhelpbridgetheculturalgapandpreventfuturemisunderstandings.Case2a.Description