广东省2024届高三下学期二模英语试题

广东省2024届高三下学期二模英语试题姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五总分评分一、阅读，第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读理解VolunteerArt&ArchitectureTourGuideforBostonPublicLibrary,CopleySquareThegoalistogeneratepublicinterestinthehistory,art,andarchitectureofBostonPublicLibrary,includingitsspecialcollectionsandexhibitionsattheCentralLibraryinCopleySquare.ROLEANDEXPECTATIONS●ToconductpublicandprivategrouptoursoftheCentralLibrary'sart,architecture,andexhibitions,answeringquestionsfromgroupsandrecordingattendancestatisticsaftertoursconclude.●Tocontinuetoinformoneselfoftheart,architecture,history,holdings,andexhibitionsofBostonPublicLibrary.QUALIFICATIONS●Interestinhistory,art,andarchitectureingeneral,andofBostonPublicLibraryinparticular.●Confidenceinaddressingandpresentinginformationtolargegroups;priorguidingorpublicspeakingexperiencedesirable.●AstrongcommandoftheEnglishlanguageisrequired,andfluencyinotherlanguagesishighlypreferred.TRAININGAcceptedcandidateswillbeaskedtoattendtourguidetrainingmeetings.Newguidesareexpectedtocompletetrainingaroundfourmonths.Progressevaluationswillbeongoingthroughoutthetrainingperiod,andcontinuethroughthefirstsixmonthsofworkingasafullguide.REQUIREMENTS●Minimumcommitmentoftwotourspermonth(or24toursperyear).●Commitmenttoattendingtourguidemeetingsandenrichmentprogramsforcontinuingeducation.REVIEWRegularassessmentsandevaluationswillbeconductedbasedontheabovecriteriatoensurethatvolunteersmeetthenecessaryqualifications.Interestedcandidatesshouldcompletetheapplicationformbelowandsendittotours@.1．Whatdoesavolunteertourguideneedtodoaftertours?A．Ensuresafetyoftheartworks.B．Maintaincleannessofthehall.C．Documentthenumbersofvisitors.D．Answerquestionsaboutqualifications.2．Howlongwilltheprogressevaluationslast?A．4months. B．6months. C．10months. D．12months.3．Whichwillresultinapoorreviewoftheposition?A．Insufficient(不足的)workinghours.B．Absenceofasecondlanguage.C．Littlerelevantvolunteerexperience.D．Limitedknowledgeaboutexhibitions.阅读理解Asamushroomscientist,youarevastlyoutnumbered,withestimatessuggestingthattherearebetween2.2millionand3.8millionspeciesoffungi(真菌),themajorityofwhichareyettobeidentified.However,professionalsinthefieldarenotaloneintheireffortstouncovernewspecies.Anenthusiasticcommunityofamateurshasemerged,bridgingthegapbetweenprofessionalsandnon-professionals.Theseamateurshaveevenmadesignificantdiscoveries.OnesuchamateurisTaylorLockwood,a74-year-oldmushroomenthusiastandprofessionalphotographer.In1984,whilelivingontheMendocinocoastofCalifornia,TaylorLockwooddevelopedafascinationwithmushrooms."Outsidemycottageweretheseamazingmushrooms,"hesays."Anditwasasifthesemushroomslookedatmeandsaid,‘Taylor,gooutandtelltheworldhowprettyweare.'"Lockwoodansweredtheircallandpurchasedcameraequipmenttocapturetheirtruenature.Hispassionforphotographingmushroomswassointensethathewouldevendigholesnexttothemushroomstogettheperfectangleforhisshots.IntheMonongahelaNationalForest,TaylorLockwooddiscoveredanunusualmushroomthatlookedliketinyfingerswearingoff-whitegloves.Uponfurtherinvestigation,fungiresearcherAmyRossmanconfirmedthatitwasa"hazelglove"mushroom,whichisararefind."Mushroomsarenotlikeplants,"Rossmansays."Theydon'tcomeupatthesametimeeveryyear,andsosometimesitcanbedecadesbetweenwhenafungusfruits."Rossmansaysthat'swhyit'ssovaluabletohavepeoplelikeTaylorLockwoodsearchingthroughtheforestwithatrainedeye.Afewyearsago,TaylorLockwoodrealizedthatstillphotosweren'tsufficient,sohechosetocreatetime-lapse(延时拍摄的)videosofmushrooms."WhenIdotime-lapse,Iseesomuchlifehappeningaroundthemushrooms—insects,wormsandothersmallcreaturesinteractingwiththem,"hesays.Lockwood'sloveforartisevidentinhisapproachtofilmingmushroomsovertime.Althoughheappreciatesthescientificaspectofhiswork,heidentifieshimselfasanartistatheart.4．Whatcanwelearnaboutmushroomamateursfromparagraph1?A．Theykeepclosetrackofthegrowthoffungi.B．Theyhelpidentifynewspeciesofmushroom.C．Theyreplaceprofessionalscientistsinthefield.D．Theyclassifythemajorityofmushroomspecies.5．WhatinspiredLockwoodtophotographmushrooms?A．Hisdesireforknowledge.B．Hiscuriosityaboutnature.C．Thebeautyofnearbymushrooms.D．Theappealofoutdoorphotography.6．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLockwoodaccordingtoparagraph3?A．Skilledandobservant. B．Focusedandflexible.C．Talentedandoptimistic. D．Organizedandresponsible.7．WhydidLockwooddecidetomaketime-lapsevideosofmushrooms?A．Toimprovehisphotographytechniques.B．Tocapturedynamiclifeinanartisticway.C．Tocollectbiologicaldataforfurtherresearch.D．Toadoptanewapproachtoscientificstudies.阅读理解Whenweencounteratroublesomeproblem,weoftengatheragrouptobrainstorm.However,substantialevidencehasshownthatwhenwegenerateideastogether,wefailtomaximizecollectiveintelligence.Tounearththehiddenpotentialinteams,we'rebetteroffshiftingtoaprocesscalled"brainwriting".Youstartbyaskinggroupmemberstowritedownwhatisgoingonintheirbrainsseparately.Next,youpoolthemandsharethemamongthegroupwithouttellingtheauthors.Then,eachmemberevaluatesthemonhisorherown,onlyafterwhichdotheteammemberscometogethertoselectandimprovethemostpromisingoptions.Bydevelopingandassessingideasindividuallybeforechoosingandexpandingonthem,theteamcansurfaceandadvancepossibilitiesthatmightnotgetattentionotherwise.Anexampleofgreatbrainwritingwasin2010when33minersweretrappedundergroundinChile.Giventheurgencyofthesituation,therescueteamdidn'tholdbrainstormingsessions.Rather,theyestablishedaglobalbrainwritingsystemtogenerateindividualideas.A24-year-oldengineercameupwithatinyplastictelephone.Thisspecializedtoolendedupbecomingtheonlymeansofcommunicatingwiththeminers,makingitpossibletosavethem.ResearchbyorganizationalbehaviorscholarAnitaWoolleyandhercolleagueshelpstoexplainwhythismethodworks.Theyfindthatthekeytocollectiveintelligenceisbalancedparticipation.Inbrainstormingmeetings,it'stooeasyforparticipationtobecomeone-sidedinfavoroftheloudestvoices.Thebrainwritingprocessensuresthatallideasarebroughttothetableandallvoicesarebroughtintoconversation.Thegoalisn'ttobethesmartestpersonintheroom.It'stomaketheroomsmarter.Collectiveintelligencebeginswithindividualcreativity,butitdoesn'tendthere.Individualsproduceagreatervolumeandvarietyofnovelideaswhentheyworkalone.Thatmeanstheynotonlycomeupwithmorebrilliantideasthangroupsbutalsomoreterribleideas.Therefore,ittakescollectivejudgmenttofindthesignalinthenoiseandbringoutthebestideas.8．Whatisspecialaboutbrainwritingcomparedwithbrainstorming?A．Ithighlightsindependentwork.B．Itencouragesgroupcooperation.C．Itprioritizesqualityoverquantity.D．Itpreferswritingtooralexchanges.9．WhydoestheauthormentiontheChileminingaccidentinparagraph3?A．Tointroduceatooldevelopedduringbrainwriting.B．Topraiseayoungmanwithbrainwritingtechnique.C．Toillustrateasuccessfulapplicationofbrainwriting.D．Toexplaintheroleofbrainwritingincommunication.10．Howdoesbrainwritingpromotecollectiveintelligenceaccordingtoparagraph4?A．Byblockingtheloudestvoices.B．Byallowingequalinvolvement.C．Byimprovingindividualwisdom.D．Bygeneratingmorecreativeideas.11．Whichstepofbrainwritingdoestheauthorstressinthelastparagraph?A．Individualwriting. B．Groupsharing.C．Personalevaluation. D．Jointdiscussion.阅读理解AsmostAmericansspendatleast50%oftheirfoodbudgetdiningout,publiccriticismfallsonrestaurantstohelpconsumersmakehealthierfoodchoices.TheMenuLabelingFinalRulehascomeintoeffect,requiringrestaurantswithmorethan20locationstoshowthecaloriesoffoodonmenus.Byrepresentingthesevaluesinadiscrepantway—usingphysicallylargernumbersonthepageforlower-calorieoptions,andsmallernumbersforhigh-caloriefoods—businessescanshiftcustomers'preferencestowardhealthierfood,accordingtoRuiyingCaifromtheWashingtonStateUniversity.Intheirstudy,Caiandhercolleaguesaskedparticipantstochoosebetweenalesshealthyitemandahealthieroptionafterrandomlyassigningthemtotwogroups.Inthefirstgroup,caloriecountsandfont(字体)sizesroseandfelltogether.Inthesecondgroup,thesizebecamelargerasthecaloriecountfell.Researchersalsoaskedparticipantsquestionstoassesstheirhealth-consciousness.Resultsshowedparticipantsinthesecondgroup,whosawlowcaloriecountsprintedinlargesizes,weremorelikelytoadoptthehealthieroption.Moreover,lesshealth-consciousparticipantswerethemostaffected,whilepeoplewithmorehealthawarenesswerelessinfluencedsincetheyalreadyfavoredhealthierfood.ThisresearchadjustedcustomerbehaviorsbycreatingaStroopeffect.NamedafterpsychologistJ.RidleyStroop,theStroopeffectreferstoadelayinreactiontomismatchinitsclassicform.Forexample,iftheword"purple"iswritteningreen,ittakesrespondentslongertimetoidentifythecolorthanifthewordandthecolormatch.Similarly,theeffectisobservedwhenthephysicalsizeofthenumberdoesnotmatchitsnumberinthisstudy."Restaurantsareinterestedinencouragingcustomerstomakehealthierchoices,"Caisaid.However,simplylabelingthefoodashealthymaynothavetheintendedeffect."Healthyfooditemscouldbeprofitableforrestaurants,butwhenevera‘healthy'labelisattached,peoplemayassumeitdoesnottastegood,"sheexplained."We'retryingtoproviderestaurantswithindirectsuggestions,ratherthansayingitoutloud."12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"discrepant"inparagraph2mean?A．Creative. B．Relative.C．Conflicting. D．Misleading13．Whichofthefollowingtypeofcustomerswouldbenefitmostfromtheresearch?A．Strictdietfollowers. B．Conveniencefoodfans.C．Homemademeallovers. D．Healthmagazinereaders.14．Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A．Thesignificanceofresearchresults.B．Themeasurementofresponsedelays.C．Thepsychologicalbasisofthestudydesign.D．TheinfluentialvariationsoftheStroopeffect.15．WhichofthefollowingmightbeCai'ssuggestionforrestaurants?A．Usefontmagictodrivehealthierchoices.B．Paymoreattentiontothetasteofthefood.C．Createaquietdiningatmosphereforcustomers.D．Attach"healthy"labelstothefoodonthemenu.二、第二部分，阅读，第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ArtificialIntelligence(AI)geolocation(互联网定位技术)solutionsarechangingthewayresearcherstrackandmonitorwildlife,enablingmorepowerfulconservationefforts.Thesesystemsuseadvancedsensors,satelliteimagery,andmachinelearningalgorithms(算法)togatherreal-timedataonanimalmovements,habitatpreferences,andmigrationpatterns.16．Traditionaltrackingmethodsoftenrelyonnon-automatictrackingorinconvenientnecklace-likesystems,whichmaycausestressanddiscomforttotheanimals.17．Thedevicescanworkastagsandthecameratrapscanbesetupremotely,whichdecreaseshumanimpactonwildlife.Inaddition,AI-powereddevicescollectandanalyzedataprecisely.Throughtheirassistance,scientistscangaininsightsintohabitatchoicesandevaluatetheeffectofglobalwarmingonwildanimallocations.18．Forexample,byanalyzingthecollecteddata,conservationistscanpromotetargetedhabitatrestorationeffortsaccordingtothepatternsandconnectionstheydiscoveredwiththehelpofAIgeolocationdevices.19．Bymonitoringanimals'behavioralchangesinreal-time,researcherscanquicklydetectsignsofenvironmentalissues.Suddenchangesinananimal'smovementscouldindicatethreatsorproblems.Researcherscanthenrespondimmediately,potentiallysavingtheanimal'slife.Sharinggeolocationdatathroughonlineplatformscanalsohelpraiseawarenessaboutprotectingendangeredspecies.20．Thishelpthemfeelmoreconnectedtotheissueswildlifefaceinhabitats.Thebondpromotesasenseofresponsibilityamongindividualsandencouragesthemtocontributetowildlifeconservationeffortsthroughvariousmeans,suchasdonations,volunteerwork,andsoon.A.Thisknowledgeenablesthemtomakeaccurateandefficientdecisions.B.However,AItrackingdoesnotrequiredisturbingcontactwiththeanimals.C.AImonitoringneedsfewerbatteryreplacementsthanthetraditionalmethods.D.Thesolutionshaveofferedthefollowingkeybenefitstowildlifeconservation.E.Directlyengagingwithconservationeffortsgivespeopleafirst-handexperience.F.TheAIgeolocationtechnologysignificantlyreducestheneedformassivefieldwork.G.Withreal-timedata,theAIsolutionsalsofunctionasanearlywarningforwildliferisks.三、语言运用，第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LaurenSchroederwasvolunteeringatacommunityfoodbankatage14.Assheflledbagswith21．groceries,shenoticedthattherewereplentyoffoodthatcameincansandboxes,butshedidn'tseeanything.22．andhealthytogivetofamiliesinneed.Inspiredtomakea23．,shetoldherparentsthatshewantedtostartavegetablegardenontheirfarm,sothatpeoplecouldgetthe24．theyneeded.Althoughtheywere25．,herparentsmadeherawareofhowmuchworkitwouldtake.Still,theteenagerwasupforthe26．.Laurenmanagedtoreceivea(n)27．fromayouthorganizationtopayforseedsandgardening28．.Shedidalotofresearchonlinetofindoutwhatplants29．andwhatdidn't,whatneededshade,andwhichonesneededmorewater.Overthehotanddrysummer,she30．hercropsforweedsandwateredthembyhandeveryday.Herfirstharvestresultedin40poundsofproducethatshethen31．gaveawaytolocalfoodbanks,asoupkitchen,andanursinghome.More32．thanever,sherelaunchedherproject,doublingthesizeofhergardenand33．hervegetableselection.Sofar,shehasspentover1,000hoursworkinginhergardenanddonated7,000poundsofhome-grownproduce."Ilove34．,"saidLauren,now17."Manypeoplehelpyouout,butitmakesmore35．whenyouhelpotherpeopleout."21．A．preserved B．donated C．selected D．traded22．A．necessary B．beautiful C．valuable D．fresh23．A．change B．request C．choice D．profit24．A．guidance B．information C．nutrition D．service25．A．supportive B．doubtful C．protective D．mindful26．A．competition B．performance C．assignment D．challenge27．A．invitation B．fund C．opinion D．certificate28．A．methods B．products C．supplies D．lessons29．A．worked B．developed C．happened D．improved30．A．arranged B．checked C．prepared D．exchanged31．A．carefully B．secretly C．temporarily D．generously32．A．amused B．relieved C．motivated D．exhausted33．A．expanding B．assessing C．presenting D．defending34．A．movingon B．weighingup C．showingoff D．givingback35．A．effort B．difference C．money D．progress四、语言运用，第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Withover1.5millionfansonChinesesocialmediaplatforms,RachellabelsherselfasaGerman-Americanvlogger(视频博主)whospeaksChinese.36．manymaynotknowisthatshespentherchildhoodinGuangdongand37．(call)Chinaherhomesincetheageofsix.Rachel'sjourneyasa38．(create)ofdigitalcontentbeganduringhertimeatXiamenUniversity,whenshestartedsharingvideosabouthereverydaylifeandhottopicsinChina.39．(film)influentMandarin,occasionallywithaCantoneseaccent,hervideosquicklycapturedtheinterestofmanyviewers.Rachel'sexceptionalcommandoftheChineselanguagehasopeneddoors40．excitingjobopportunities.In2022,shebecamethefirstregularfemaleguestonaculturalinterviewprograminChina41．featuresforeignersasthemainguests.Herpopularity42．(boost)furtherin2023,thankstoMyGuangdongStory,43．six-episodedocumentaryseriesthatexploredthelivesofforeignersinGuangdong."IamactuallyaCantonese,andGuangdongismyhome,"Rachelshares44．(warm).Withherpassion,languageskills,andgenuineloveforChina,Rachelcontinuestoinspirehervastonlinecommunity,45．(bridge)culturesandbuildingconnectionsacrossborders五、写作(共两节，满分40分)46．假定你是李华，学校正通过校英文报向同学们征集暑期学生社会实践活动的建议。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：

1.活动建议；

2.活动意义；

3.你的期待。注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearEditor,……Sincerelyyours,LiHua47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenIwassevenyearsold,myfamilymovedfromMexicotoAmerica.InMexico,Iwasacheerfulgirlwholovedmakingpeoplelaughwithmyjokesandinventingfungamestoplaywithmyfriends.However,whenIarrivedinAmerica,Ifoundithardtofitin,andIbecamequieter.Welivedinasmallhousewithamodestyardwherewegrewvegetables—myresponsibility.WhileItookprideinwatchingthemgrow,thereweretimeswhenIdreamedofhavingabeautifulgardenlikemyschoolmateLuella's,withitsdelicatetulips(郁金香).AlthoughLuellalivedinthesameneighborhoodasme,webarelykneweachother.ItwasafteratornadothatLuellaandIfinallybecameclosefriends.ThetornadostruckonaSundayafternoon.Thegentlebreezetransformedintoastrongwind,andthickgraycloudsfilledthesky.Gradually,thetornadotookshape,startingasathinropeandgrowingintoalargeblackfunnel(漏斗).Myentirefamilygatheredinthebathroom,seekingshelterfromthestorm.Terrified,Isatclosetomymom,kneesinmychest.Afterthestormhadpassed,ourworriesandfearswerereplacedbyreliefthatwewereunharmedandthatourhousehadremainedundamaged.AsIsteppedoutside,Iwitnessedtheextentofthedamagethetornadohadcausedtoourneighborhood.Acrossthestreet,atalltreehadfallen,crushingLuella'sgardeninfrontofheryellowhouse.Wehurriedovertocheckonit.Fortunately,herfamilyseemedtobeawayatthetime,andnoonewasinjured.However,heronce-beautifulgardenwasinruins,withthefallentreedestroyingthetulipsanddebris(碎片)spreadeverywhere.Icouldonlyimaginehowheartbrokentheymustfeelseeingthis.Thenmymom'susualwordsranginmyear,"Itismoreblessedtogivethantoreceive,"andmyfamilystartedtothinkabouthowwecouldhelp.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Justatthatmoment,Luella'sfamilyreturnedintheircar.……Evenafterthedebriswascleared,IcouldstillsenseLuella'ssorrowforherlostgarden.

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．C3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了波士顿公共图书馆中央馆志愿导游的职责、资格、培训和评估要求。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据ROLEANDEXPECTATIONS部分中的"ToconductpublicandprivategrouptoursoftheCentralLibrary'sart,architecture,andexhibitions,answeringquestionsfromgroupsandrecordingattendancestatisticsaftertoursconclude."带领公众和私人团体参观中央图书馆的艺术、建筑和展览，回答团体的问题，并在参观结束后记录参观人数。可知，导游需要在参观结束后记录参观者的人数。故选C。2．考查细节理解。根据TRAINING部分中的"Newguidesareexpectedtocompletetrainingaroundfourmonths.Progressevaluationswillbeongoingthroughoutthetrainingperiod,andcontinuethroughthefirstsixmonthsofworkingasafullguide."新导游预计将在四个月左右完成培训。在整个培训期间将持续进行进度评价，并在工作的头六个月期间作为全面指导继续进行。可知，训练期预计持续四个月，之后新导游在开始完整工作的头六个月内继续进行评估。因此，总的评估期为4个月的训练加上6个月的新工作期，共计10个月。故选C。3．考查推理判断。根据REQUIREMENTS部分中的"Minimumcommitmentoftwotourspermonth(or24toursperyear)."每月最少承诺两次旅游(或每年24次)。可知，需要每个月最少完成两次导览，若未达到这个最低工作时数，则可能会导致差评。故选A。【答案】4．B5．C6．A7．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了TaylorLockwood，一名蘑菇爱好者和摄影师，在真菌学领域做出了重大贡献。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"However,professionalsinthefieldarenotaloneintheireffortstouncovernewspecies.Anenthusiasticcommunityofamateurshasemerged,bridgingthegapbetweenprofessionalsandnon-professionals.Theseamateurshaveevenmadesignificantdiscoveries."然而，在发现新物种的努力中，该领域的专业人士并不孤单。一个热情的业余爱好者社区已经出现，弥合了专业人士和非专业人士之间的差距。这些业余爱好者甚至有了重大发现。可知，蘑菇爱好者们在探索新真菌品种方面有重大发现，故选B。5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"In1984,whilelivingontheMendocinocoastofCalifornia,TaylorLockwooddevelopedafascinationwithmushrooms.‘Outsidemycottageweretheseamazingmushrooms,'hesays.‘Anditwasasifthesemushroomslookedatmeandsaid,‘Taylor,gooutandtelltheworldhowprettyweare.'"1984年，泰勒·洛克伍德(TaylorLockwood)住在加利福尼亚州的门多西诺海岸，对蘑菇产生了浓厚的兴趣。"我的小屋外面有这些神奇的蘑菇，"他说。"就好像这些蘑菇看着我说，‘泰勒，出去告诉世界我们有多漂亮。'可知，小屋附近蘑菇的美让Taylor决定用相机去拍摄它们，故选C。6．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"IntheMonongahelaNationalForest,TaylorLockwooddiscoveredanunusualmushroomthatlookedliketinyfingerswearingoff-whitegloves."在莫农加希拉国家森林，泰勒·洛克伍德(TaylorLockwood)发现了一种不寻常的蘑菇，看起来像戴着灰白色手套的小手指。可知，Taylor在森林里发现了稀有的蘑菇品种；以及"‘Theydon'tcomeupatthesametimeeveryyear,andsosometimesitcanbedecadesbetweenwhenafungusfruits.'Rossmansaysthat'swhyit'ssovaluabletohavepeoplelikeTaylorLockwoodsearchingthroughtheforestwithatrainedeye.""它们不会每年在同一时间出现，所以有时真菌结出果实之间可能需要几十年的时间。"罗斯曼说，这就是为什么像泰勒·洛克伍德这样的人用训练有素的眼睛在森林中搜索如此有价值的原因。可推知，Taylor是一个有经验且善于观察的人，故选A。7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"‘WhenIdotime-lapse,Iseesomuchlifehappeningaroundthemushrooms—insects,wormsandothersmallcreaturesinteractingwiththem,'hesays.Lockwood'sloveforartisevidentinhisapproachtofilmingmushroomsovertime.Althoughheappreciatesthescientificaspectofhiswork,heidentifieshimselfasanartistatheart.""当我进行延时摄影时，我看到蘑菇周围发生了很多生命——昆虫、蠕虫和其他小生物与它们互动，"他说。洛克伍德对艺术的热爱体现在他随着时间的推移拍摄蘑菇的方法上。尽管他欣赏自己作品的科学方面，但他将自己视为内心的艺术家。可推知，Taylor决定拍摄蘑菇的延时视频是为了以艺术的方式捕捉动态生活，故选B。【答案】8．A9．C10．B11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，大量证据表明，当我们运用头脑风暴共同产生想法时，我们无法最大限度地提高集体智慧。为了挖掘团队中隐藏的潜力，我们最好进行"书面头脑风暴法"。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Youstartbyaskinggroupmemberstowritedownwhatisgoingonintheirbrainsseparately.Next,youpoolthemandsharethemamongthegroupwithouttellingtheauthors.Then,eachmemberevaluatesthemonhisorherown,onlyafterwhichdotheteammemberscometogethertoselectandimprovethemostpromisingoptions."你首先要求小组成员分别写下他们大脑中发生的事情。接下来，你将它们汇集在一起，并在不告诉作者的情况下在小组中共享。然后，每个成员自己对其进行评估，只有在评估之后，团队成员才会聚集在一起，选择并改进最有希望的选项。可知，与头脑风暴相比，书面头脑风暴法的特别之处在于它强调独立工作。故选A。9．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Anexampleofgreatbrainwritingwasin2010when33minersweretrappedundergroundinChile."2010年，智利有33名矿工被困井下，这就是一个伟大的脑力写作的例子。可推知，作者在本段提到智利的采矿事故是为了说明书面头脑风暴法的成功应用。故选C。10．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Thebrainwritingprocessensuresthatallideasarebroughttothetableandallvoicesarebroughtintoconversation.Thegoalisn'ttobethesmartestpersonintheroom."书面头脑风暴法确保所有的想法都能被带到桌面上，所有的声音都能被带入对话。我们的目标不是成为房间里最聪明的人。可知，书面头脑风暴法要求每个人都参与，贡献自己的智慧。因此，通过允许平等参与促进集体智力。故选B。11．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"Collectiveintelligencebeginswithindividualcreativity,butitdoesn'tendthere.Individualsproduceagreatervolumeandvarietyofnovelideaswhentheyworkalone.Thatmeanstheynotonlycomeupwithmorebrilliantideasthangroupsbutalsomoreterribleideas.Therefore,ittakescollectivejudgmenttofindthesignalinthenoiseandbringoutthebestideas."集体智慧始于个人创造力，但它并没有就此结束。当个人独自工作时，他们会产生更多的新颖想法。这意味着他们不仅提出了比团体更聪明的想法，而且提出了更可怕的想法。因此，需要集体判断才能在噪声中找到信号并提出最佳想法。可知，集体智慧始于个人创造力，但是在个人产生想法后，要有集体判断才能得到最佳想法。因此本段强调了共同讨论的重要性。故选D。【答案】12．C13．B14．C15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项关于在餐馆食物消费上，顾客心理及消费行为的研究。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。12．考查词义猜测。词义猜测。根据第二段中的"usingphysicallylargernumbersonthepageforlower-calorieoptions,andsmallernumbersforhigh-caloriefoods"在页面上用较大的数字表示低热量食物，用较小的数字表示高热量食物，可知，字号大小与卡路里数值大小不匹配，即相互矛盾，可推知划线词discrepant是"矛盾，冲突"之意，故选C。13．考查推理判断。根据第四段"Resultsshowedparticipantsinthesecondgroup,whosawlowcaloriecountsprintedinlargesizes,weremorelikelytoadoptthehealthieroption.Moreover,lesshealth-consciousparticipantswerethemostaffected,whilepeoplewithmorehealthawarenesswerelessinfluencedsincetheyalreadyfavoredhealthierfood."结果显示，第二组的参与者看到低卡路里计数打印成大尺寸，更有可能采用更健康的选择。此外，健康意识较差的参与者受影响最大，而健康意识较强的人受影响较小，因为他们已经喜欢更健康的食物。可知，健康意识薄弱的参与者最容易受影响。四个选项中方便食品爱好者的健康意识最为薄弱，故选B。14．考查段落大意。根据第五段中的"ThisresearchadjustedcustomerbehaviorsbycreatingaStroopeffect.."这项研究通过创造Stroop效应来调整客户行为，可知，本段介绍了研究背后的心理学基础。故选C。15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Healthyfooditemscouldbeprofitableforrestaurants,butwhenevera‘healthy'labelisattached,peoplemayassumeitdoesnottastegood,"健康食品对餐馆来说可能是有利可图的，但每当贴上"健康"标签时，人们可能会认为它味道不好，可知，"健康"的标签使得食客将健康食物与难吃挂钩。因此，本研究可能有助于改善这一认知。故选D。【答案】16．D；17．B；18．A；19．G；20．E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了互联网地理定位技术如何改变追踪和监测野生动物的方式，以及这些技术带来的好处。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科技类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空后"Traditionaltrackingmethodsoftenrelyonnon-automatictrackingorinconvenientnecklace-likesystems,whichmaycausestressanddiscomforttotheanimals."传统的追踪方法往往依赖于非自动追踪或不方便的项链状系统，这可能会给动物带来压力和不适。围绕"互联网定位技术对于野生动物保护的好处"开展。D.Thesolutionshaveofferedthefollowingkeybenefitstowildlifeconservation."这些解决方案为野生动物保护提供了以下关键好处。"概括本段内容，符合语境，故选D。17．根据空前"Traditionaltrackingmethodsoftenrelyonnon-automatictrackingorinconvenientnecklace-likesystems，whichmaycausestressanddiscomforttotheanimals."传统的追踪方法往往依赖于非自动追踪或不方便的项链状系统，这可能会给动物带来压力和不适。可知下文介绍AI跟踪系统和动物接触情况。B.However,AItrackingdoesnotrequiredisturbingcontactwiththeanimals."然而，人工智能追踪不需要干扰动物的接触。"承接上文，符合语境。故选B。18．根据空前"Throughtheirassistance，scientistscangaininsightsintohabitatchoicesandevaluatetheeffectofglobalwarmingonwildanimallocations."通过他们的帮助，科学家可以深入了解栖息地的选择，并评估全球变暖对野生动物栖息地的影响。说明下文是了解这些信息的好处。A.Thisknowledgeenablesthemtomakeaccurateandefficientdecisions."这些知识使他们能够做出准确高效的决策。"承接上文，符合语境。故选A。19．根据空后"Bymonitoringanimals'behavioralchangesinreal-time，researcherscanquicklydetectsignsofenvironmentalissues.Suddenchangesinananimal'smovementscouldindicatethreatsorproblems.Researcherscanthenrespondimmediately，potentiallysavingtheanimal'slife."通过实时监测动物的行为变化，研究人员可以快速发现环境问题的迹象。动物动作的突然变化可能预示着威胁或问题。然后，研究人员可以立即做出反应，有可能挽救动物的生命。可知，此段落讲述了实时数据可以让研究人员快速发现环境问题的迹象。G.Withreal-timedata,theAIsolutionsalsofunctionasanearlywarningforwildliferisks."通过实时数据，人工智能解决方案还可以作为野生动物风险的预警。"符合语境。故选G。20．根据空后"Thishelpthemfeelmoreconnectedtotheissueswildlifef