（广东山东卷）2024届高考英语决胜高考英语仿真模拟卷03

（广东山东卷）2024届高考英语决胜高考英语仿真模拟卷03姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五总分评分一、阅读，第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读理解EliteSummerSchoolProgramforHighSchoolStudentsHarvard'sEliteProgramforhighschoolstudentsisanintensivetwo-weeksummerprogramdesignedtogiveyouaglimpseofcollegelife.YouwillliveontheHarvardcampusduringyourtwo-weeksessionwhiletakingacollege-levelcoursewithotherEliteProgramstudents.TheapplicationforSummer2024isnowopen.Cost:$5,550+$75applicationfee2024SessionⅠ:June23-July5,20242024SessionⅡ:July7-19,20242024SessionⅢ:July21-August2,2024WhoCanParticipateintheEliteProgram?Harvard'sEliteProgramisdesignedformature,academicallymotivatedstudentswhoareinterestedinexploringapotentialmajororsimplyfindingoutwhatcollegeisreallylike.OurEliteProgramisopentorisingjuniorsandseniors.TobequalifiedforSummer2024,youmustmeetbothofthefollowingcriteria:●Willgraduatefromhighschoolandentercollegein2025or2026.●Areatleast16yearsoldbyJune22,2024,andwillnotturn19yearsoldbeforeJuly31,2024.ImportantDeadlines:●EarlyApplicationandPriorityFinancialAidDeadline—January10,2024●RegularApplicationandFinancialAidDeadline—February14,2024●LateApplicationDeadline—April10,2024SeetheEliteProgramCalendarforallimportantdatesanddeadlines.1．WhocanbetheapplicantfortheEliteProgram2024?A．Lucy,14,withexcellentacademicperformance.B．Jerry,16,expectedtoentercollegein2025.C．Tina,17,acollegestudentwithbroadinterests.D．Tim,19,anofficeworkerwithmotivationtolearn.2．WhenisPriorityFinancialAidApplicationavailable?A．April10,2024. B．February14,2024.C．January9,2024. D．July23,2024.3．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Anewsreport. B．Atravelbrochure.C．Anacademicpaper. D．Acollegewebsite.阅读理解HemanBekeleisnotyourtypicalhighschoolstudent．Ratherthanspendinghisfreetimeplayingvideogamesorstaringathisphone,this14year-oldfromFairfax,Virginiawascallingprofessorsandconductingexperiments,alltocreateasoapthatcouldtreatskincancer,andtomakeitaffordableforeveryonewhoneedsit．Hisworkwonhimthegrandprizeinthisyear's3MYoungScientist'sChallenge,acompetitionthatencourageskidstothinkofuniquewaystosolveeverydayproblems.GrowingupinEthiopia,Bekelefoundinpitythatpeopleworkingoutsidewerelikelytoendupgettingskincancer．Skincancerdidhavecuresandwastreatableinmostcases．However,theaveragepriceofskincancertreatmentgloballywasalmost$40,000．Thoseshockingstatisticsreallyinspiredhimtocreateamoreaccessiblesolution．Hestarteddoingexperimentsandworkingondifferentthings,andthatturnedintohisbarofsoapasaproject.Alotofhisresearchanddevelopmentstartedinhisfamily'skitchenandinhisbasement．Butashereachedthefinalofthecompetition,herealizedthathedidneedtodoalittlebitmoreoutsideofjusthishouse．SohereachedouttopeopleatUniversityofVirginiaandpeopleatGeorgetown,andhegotalotofassistance．ThenumberonepersonwouldbeDeborahIsabelle,whohelpedhimorganizeandstructurehisideasduringthefinalistcompetition．Bekelesaidthathedefinitelycouldn'thavedonethatallbyhimself.Bekele'saward-winningsoapisacompoundbasedbarofsoapandit'schargedwithdifferentcancerfightingchemicals．Thecolorofthesoapisabitofadarktypeofwhiteandithasaroughsurface,whichcouldbeagoodexfoliant（去角质剂）．Itdoeshaveastrongmedicinesmellandfeelabitstickier．Thewholepointofitisthatevenonceyouwashoffthesoaps,themedicinalpartswillstayonyourskin．Itcanactivatethebody'simmunecellstodefendcancer.Bekelewon25,000prizemoneyandhewasgoingtouseittocontinueresearch．Hesaid,"Istillneedalotofresourcestobeabletoconductthisresearch,sothismoneywilldefinitelyhelpmeachieveit."4．WhydidHemanBekelestartworkingoncreatingthesoap?A．Becausehethoughtitwasafunproject.B．Becausehewantedtowinasciencecompetition.C．Becausehefoundskincancertreatmentunaffordable.D．Becausehewantedtocreateauniquesoapforeveryone.5．WhatcanwelearnfromBekele'spreparationsforthefinal?A．Wellbegunishalfdone.B．Learnhumbly,askwillingly.C．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D．Hopeforthebest,preparefortheworst.6．Whatisparagraph4ofthetextmainlyabout?A．Whatfeaturesthesoaphas.B．Howthesoapisused.C．Whatchemicalsthesoapcontains.D．Howthesoapisproduced.7．WhichwordscanbeusedtodescribeBekeleaccordingtothepassage?A．Patientandtalented. B．Friendlyandambitious.C．Cautiousandgenerous. D．Caringanddevoted.阅读理解Ifyou'veeverwadedintotheoceanforaswimandsuddenlyrealizedthattheshoreisgettingfartheraway,notcloser,youmayhaveencounteredaripcurrent(离岸流).Commonatbeachesworldwide,thesepowerfulcurrentsflowfromtheshoretowardtheseaatspeedsuptoseveralfeetpersecond.It'simportanttoknowwhatripcurrentsareandhowtolookforthem,becausetheyarealeadingcauseofdrowningsinthesurfzonenearshore.Ripcurrentscanforminseveralways.Onetypeofripcurrent,knownasachannelripcurrent,formswhentherearegapsbetweenbreakingwaves.Aswavesbreak,theypushwatertowardthebeachandraisethelevelofthewaterslightly.Ifwavesbreakonasandbar(沙洲),butnotinadeeperchannelthatcutsthroughthesandbar,theextrawaterthatthewaveshavepushedtowardthebeaconescapesbacktotheoceanthroughthechannel.Thedarkercorridoroftheescapingwateractslikeaconveyorbelt,movingwater,unsuspectingswimmersandsmallmarineorganismsoffshore.Anothertype,knownasatransientorflashripcurrent,formswhensurfischoppy(波涛汹涌的).Theedgesofbreakingwavespushonthewaterandmakeitspin,likeafasticeskatercrashingintosomeone.Thinkofaripcurrentasaswiftrivercuttingthroughthesurfawayfromtheshore.Swimmingagainstthecurrentisgoingtotireyououtandputyouatriskofdrowning.Instead,swimparalleltothebeach—thinkofheadingforthe"riverbanks"—untilyouareoutoftheripcurrent'spull.Onceyou'renolongerfightingit,youcanswimbacktoshore.Ripcurrentsaren'tjustasafetyissue.Scientistsarebeginningtobetterunderstandthecrucialecologicalroletheyplayintheocean.Manymarineorganisms,includingoysters,barnacles,fishandcoral,relyonoceancurrentstofindsuitablehabitats.Theseorganismsswimupordownorattachtofloatingorsinkingmaterialandaretransportedbymultipleoceanprocesses.Ripcurrentsareakeymechanismforcarryinglarvae(幼体)todeeperwatersorrecalculatingtheminshallowwaters.Thetypeandbehavioroftheripcurrentmayaffectthemovementofmarineorganisms.8．Whatcanwelearnaboutchannelripcurrentsaccordingtothetext?A．Theycauseabithugerwavesthancommoncurrents.B．Theyformarounddeeperchannelsintheocean'sbottom.C．Theypresentvisuallyasdarkerareasbetweenbreakingwaves.D．Theyaregeneratedwhentwowavesmeetclosetotheshore.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"transient"inparagraph3probablymean?A．Dangerous. B．Powerful. C．Slow-flowing. D．Short-lived.10．Whatsuggestiondoestheauthorgiveonescapingfromaripcurrent?A．Swimmingwiththecurrent.B．Avoidingswimmingagainstthecurrent.C．Swimmingunderthecurrent.D．Avoidingfloatingwiththecurrent.11．Whyareripcurrentsimportanttotheoceanecology?A．Theyredistributesmallmarineorganisms.B．Theyprovidehabitatsformarineorganisms.C．Theychangethestructureofmarineecosystems.D．Theybringnutrientsfromtheocean'sbottomtothesurface.阅读理解Anewinternationalorganization,ReShark,includingpartnersfrom15countriesand44aquariums,ischallengingthesharkstatistics.AccordingtoNationalGeographic,ReShark'sgoalistorelease500endangeredzebrasharksinIndonesianwaterstoincreaseawildpopulationthatisontheedgeofextinction.Thisisthefirst-everattempttoreintroducecaptivesharksintothewild.Marinereintroductionspresentsignificantchallengesduetothecomplexityandshortageofoceanlife,aswellasthedifficultyinmanagingthreats,accordingtoNationalGeographic.TeamReSharkunderstandsthatthereintroductionmaygoupinsmoke.Unlikelandanimalsthathavebeensuccessfullyreintroducedinthepast,suchasgiantpandasinChina,youngsharksaremorelikelytosufferfromdiseasesandbekilledbyotheranimals,andtheystruggletofindfoodontheirown.Sharkshavearemarkablehistoryasoneoftheoldestvertebratespecies,survivingfivemassextinctionsoveraperiodof420millionyears.Theyplayanimportantroleinmarineecosystemsbyinfluencingtheocean'sfoodchains.However,theyarenowfacingthesecond-highestrateofdisappearance.Researchshowsthatmorethan37percentofthesharkspeciesareatriskofextinctionduetooverfishing,bothlegalandillegal.Sharksarehuntedfortheirmeat.Nearly100millionsharksarekilledbyhumanhandseachyear,accordingtotheorganizationSentientMedia.Despitethealarmingdeclineinsharkpopulationsglobally,topsharkscientistsarehopefulthatReShark'seffortswillsucceed.Giventhesechallenges,SimonFraserUniversityecologistDulvyinitiallyhadsomedoubtsaboutReShark'splans.However,afteraskingsomequestions,hewassurprisedbywhattheinitiativecouldproduce."Thisinitiativeisdifferent,"Dulvyexplained.Similarly,RimaJabado,Dulvy'ssuccessor,recognizedReSharkasauniqueprojectthatcouldprovidealifelineforendangeredsharkspecies."Itmayprovideanopportunityforspeciesnottogoextinct,"shesaid.12．What'stheReShark'sintentionofreleasingsharks?A．Toconductsharkdatacollection.B．Tostudythelivinghabitsofsharks.C．Tosavetheendangeredsharkspecies.D．Totestnewwaysofkeepingsharks.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"goupinsmoke"inParagraph2probablymean?A．Disappear. B．Fail. C．Work. D．Influence.14．HowdoestheParagraph3develop?A．Bygivingexamples. B．Bygivingdescriptions.C．Bymakingcomparison. D．Bymakingclassifications.15．WhatdoesRimaJabadothinkofReShark'sproject?A．Specialandpromising. B．Hopefulandeffortless.C．Riskyandcostly. D．Doubtfulandimmature.二、阅读，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。Traditionalmeasuresofsuccessoftenprioritizeacademicachievementsandjob-specificknowledge,butrecentresearchhasshownthatemotionalintelligencemaybeabetterpredictorofsuccessandwell-beingthanIQalone.16．.Picturethis:you'realeaderwithhighEQ.Yourteamlooksuptoyoubecauseyouinspirethem,driveproductivityandmakedecisionsthattakeeveryone'semotionsintoaccount.Youfindwin-winsolutionsthatkeeptheteamunitedifconflictsarise.17．.Inaworldthatvaluescooperationandinnovation,emotionalintelligenceisamust-haveskill.ConsiderhowEQcansuperchargeyourcareer.Firstup:self-awareness.It'slikehavingaspotlightonyouremotions,strengths,andweaknesses.Whenyoutrulyunderstandyourself,youcanmakebetterdecisionsandsetmeaningfulgoals.18．.It'slikehavinganempathyradar(共情雷达).Whenyou'reawareofothers'emotionsandperspectives,youcanbuildbetterrelationships,collaborateeffectively,andbeabetterteamplayer.19．.EQcanhaveahugeimpactonourpersonallivesaswell.Inpersonalrelationships,it'sakeytodeeperconnections.Byunderstandingothers'emotions,youbuildstrongbondsandcommunicateeffectively.WithEQ,youengageinmoreself-reflection,continuouslearning,andtheadaptabilitytogrowasanindividual.It'stimetoshiftourperspectiveandembraceemotionalintelligenceasacriticalcomponentofsuccess.20．.Goaheadandreleaseourfullpotential.A．Emotionalintelligencehelpscopewithstress.B．SocialawarenessisanothercrucialaspectofEQ.C．Emotionalintelligencegoesbeyondtheofficewalls.D．Byunderstandingothers'emotions,youcanbuildstrongbonds.E．Itisnowrecognizedasavitalfactorinpersonalandprofessionalgrowth.F．Youcreateapositiveworkenvironmentwhereideasflowfreelyifchangestakeplace.G．Byrecognizingitsimportance,wecanmakewiserdecisionsandleadmoresatisfyinglives.三、语言运用，第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenMeganBeckerwasfiveyearsold,shecreatedsomethingspecialforherdadGlennBeckeronFather'sDay.Itwasapapercrafttie!Afterseveralhoursof21．usingconstructionpaperandcrayons,Megancouldn't22．topresentittoherdad.Glenntoldhisbabygirlitwasa(n)23．gift,andhewouldnotonlykeepitforeverbutalsowearitonherweddingday.Herfatherthen24．thetieoverhisbedroommirrortodisplayhisfavoritegift.EventhoughasateenagerMeganthoughtitwas25．,ittouchedherheartthatherfathercaredsomuch.But26．,thetieMeganmadeforherdadasanartcraft27．aroundthetimeshewasgettingmarried.Atthattimeherparentshad28．andGlennsaidithadgottenlostsomewhereinthepacking.Withnomore29．ofthetie,Meganwalkeddowntheaisle(通道)togetmarriedwithherfatherproudly30．heraway.Butwhenitwastimeforthefather-daughterdance,Glenn31．onthedancefloorwearingthecrayon-colored,papertie!Meganwassurprisedandburstinto32．.ItturnedoutGlenn,whowasabigjokester,33．thetieinhistoolboxuntilthewedding.Hewasusingitto34．herdaughteronherweddingday!Glenn'sactofloveisanincredible35．ofhowfatherloveshischildren.21．A．cooperation B．attention C．pleasure D．effort22．A．wait B．offer C．hesitate D．expect23．A．formal B．strange C．remarkable D．expensive24．A．folded B．hung C．drew D．ignored25．A．free B．rare C．silly D．cute26．A．gradually B．eventually C．actually D．frequently27．A．disappeared B．dropped C．faded D．improved28．A．returned B．moved C．arrived D．retired29．A．sample B．response C．alternative D．thought30．A．putting B．giving C．turning D．taking31．A．showedup B．leftbehind C．fellback D．wentoff32．A．laughter B．flames C．anger D．tears33．A．forgot B．gained C．presented D．hid34．A．reward B．forgive C．surprise D．inspire35．A．example B．excuse C．experiment D．experience四、语言运用，第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Dujiangyanisanancientirrigationsystem,36．(locate)intheMinRiverValley,SichuanProvince,China.It37．(build)byagovernornamedLiBingandhisson,whohavebeenadmiredbyChineseforover2,000years.Thesystemconsistsofthreemain38．(part):theYuzui(FishMouth)levee(河堤),theFeishayan(FlyingSandWeir),andtheBaopingkou(Bottle-NeckChannel).TheYuzuiredirectswaterawayfromthecityofChengduwhileallowingsandandmud39．(flow)throughthemainchannel,preventingflooding.TheFeishayancontrolstheflowofwaterandhelpspreventgradualdestruction,whiletheBaopingkoudistributesthewater40．farmland.Dujiangyanhasbeenabletocontrolthewaterflowwithouttheuseofdamsorgates41．isconsideredoneofthegreatestengineeringprojectsinancientChina.Ithasalsoplayedacrucialroleinirrigatingthesurroundingfarmland,42．(make)theregiononeofthemostfertilecroplandsinChina.Inadditiontoits43．(practice)uses,Dujiangyanisalsoapopulartouristattraction,44．visitorscometoadmiretheancientarchitectureandlearnaboutitshistory.In2000,itwasrecognizedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteforitsculturalandhistorical45．(significant).五、写作（共两节，满分40分）46．假定你是校英语广播站的广播员，你校要成立计算机社团，现在要招募成员。请你写一篇广播稿，内容包括：

1.广播目的；

2.加入条件、报名要求；

3.加入的好处。注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Boysandgirls,……That'sall.Thankyou.47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。IwashelpingmymotherinthekitchenwhenIheardaterriblenoisestruckfromabove.Irushedtotheupperfloortocheckout.Therewasnothingbutawetfootprintonthefloor."What'shappening?"mymotherasked."Nothing,justthesoundoflightning."Iknewsomethingstrangehadhappened,butIignoreditasmymotherwassufferingacardiac(心脏的)disease."We'dbetterclosethewindows.Mayberainwillpourdown,"Ishowedarelaxingexpressionbutthoughtbackaboutthatfootprint.Itwassofamiliar,butIcouldnotrememberwhereIhadseenit."David,canyouhelpmetakethecookingpotintheattic(阁楼)?"mymotherrequested."Oh,please!Iamafraidofthedark,"Ianswered.MymothersaidthatIwaslikemyfather.Oh,youwanttoknowwhathappenedtomyfather?Hewasanengineer.Lastmonth,hewenttotheoilplatforminthemiddleoftheseaatJerteh,Terengganu.Hesaidhewentthereforonly4days.But2weekshadpassed,andhestilldidn'tcomeback.MymothercalledthemanagementofficeinJertehbutwastoldtheyhadn'tseenhimsincetheylastsawhimonhiswaytotheseashorefromtheoilplatform.Speakingofmyfather,mymotherlookedsad."TodaywasourAnniversaryDay,buthewasmissing."Butbacktothemainpoint.Iinvestigatedthefootprintinmyroom.AndwhenIlookedup,thewindowwasopened.Iwalkedtowardsitandlookedout.Nothing.Iclosedthewindowandlaydownonmybed."Ouch!Whatisthis?"Iaskedmyself.Therewasasmallboxonmybed.Iwonderedwhatwasinsideit.Iopenedthebrownbox.Therewasanecklace,madeofpuregold.Whywasthereagoldnecklaceinmyroom?Suddenly,myroombecamedark.Myterriblefeartowardsthedarknesswastothelimit.Igrabbedaflashlightandturnediton.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Justatthattime,thehousebellrang.……Ishoutedexcitedly,andcalledmymumdown.

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．C3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了哈佛大学的高中学生精英暑期学校项目。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查推理判断。根据WhoCanParticipateintheEliteProgram?部分中的"Willgraduatefromhighschoolandentercollegein2025or2026."将于2025年或2026年高中毕业并进入大学；以及"Areatleast16yearsoldbyJune22,2024,andwillnotturn19yearsoldbeforeJuly31,2024."2024年6月22日前年满16岁，2024年7月31日前未满19岁。可知，16岁的预计将于2025年进入大学的杰瑞可以成为2024年精英计划的申请人。故选B。2．考查推理判断。根据ImportantDeadlines部分中的"EarlyApplicationandPriorityFinancialAidDeadline—January10,2024"早期申请和优先经济援助截止日期为2024年1月10日。可知，2024年1月9日可以申请优先经济援助。故选C。3．考查推理判断。根据第一段"Harvard'sEliteProgramforhighschoolstudentsisanintensivetwo-weeksummerprogramdesignedtogiveyouaglimpseofcollegelife.YouwillliveontheHarvardcampusduringyourtwo-weeksessionwhiletakingacollege-levelcoursewithotherEliteProgramstudents."哈佛大学针对高中生的精英项目是一个为期两周的暑期强化项目，旨在让你了解大学生活。在为期两周的课程期间，你将住在哈佛校园，与其他精英项目的学生一起学习大学水平的课程。可知，文章主要介绍了哈佛大学的高中学生精英暑期学校项目。可推知，这篇文章最有可能来自一个大学网站。故选D。【答案】4．C5．B6．A7．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位14岁学生HemanBekele，通过自身努力和不断寻求帮助，发明了一种普通人能负担起的抗击皮肤癌的肥皂，因此获得了"美国顶尖年轻科学家"的称号。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Skincancerdidhavecuresandwastreatableinmostcases.However,theaveragepriceofskincancertreatmentgloballywasalmost$40,000.Thoseshockingstatisticsreallyinspiredhimtocreateamoreaccessiblesolution．"皮肤癌确实可以治愈，而且在大多数情况下是可以治疗的。然而，全球皮肤癌治疗的平均价格接近4万美元。这些令人震惊的统计数据确实激发了他创造一个人们更容易获得的解决方案。可知,HemanBekele正是因为发现很多皮肤癌患者负担不起治疗费用，才决心发明治疗皮肤癌的肥皂，让人们能够负担得起治疗费用。故选C。5．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"SohereachedouttopeopleatUniversityofVirginiaandpeopleatGeorgetown,andhegotalotofassistance.ThenumberonepersonwouldbeDeborahIsabelle,whohelpedhimorganizeandstructurehisideasduringthefinalistcompetition."所以他联系了弗吉尼亚大学和乔治城大学的老师，他得到了很多帮助。排名第一的人是黛博拉·伊莎贝尔（DeborahIsabelle），她在决赛中帮助他筹备和组织了他的想法。可知，HemanBekele在最后阶段寻求了很多外界的帮助。故选B。6．考查段落大意。根据第四段"Bekele'saward-winningsoapisacompoundbasedbarofsoapandit'schargedwithdifferentcancerfightingchemicals．Thecolorofthesoapisabitofadarktypeofwhiteandithasaroughsurface,whichcouldbeagoodexfoliant（去角质剂）．Itdoeshaveastrongmedicinesmellandfeelabitstickier．Thewholepointofitisthatevenonceyouwashoffthesoaps,themedicinalpartswillstayonyourskin．Itcanactivatethebody'simmunecellstodefendcancer."Bekele的获奖肥皂是一种复合肥皂，它含有不同的抗癌化学物质。肥皂的颜色有点暗白色，表面粗糙，可能是一种很好的去角质剂。它确实有强烈的药味，摸起来有点粘。重点是，即使你洗掉了肥皂，药用成分也会留在你的皮肤上。它可以激活人体的免疫细胞来防御癌症。可知，该段主要描述了肥皂的成分、颜色、气味和功效等特征。故选A。7．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"However,theaveragepriceofskincancertreatmentgloballywasalmost$40,000.Thoseshockingstatisticsreallyinspiredhimtocreateamoreaccessiblesolution．"然而，全球皮肤癌治疗的平均价格接近4万美元。这些令人震惊的统计数据确实激发了他创造一个人们更容易获得的解决方案。可知HemanBekele关心他人；再根据第一段中"Ratherthanspendinghisfreetimeplayingvideogamesorstaringathisphone,this14year-oldfromFairfax,Virginiawascallingprofessorsandconductingexperiments,alltocreateasoapthatcouldtreatskincancer,andtomakeitaffordableforeveryonewhoneedsit．"这个来自弗吉尼亚州费尔法克斯的14岁男孩没有把空闲时间花在玩电子游戏或盯着手机上，而是打电话给教授并进行实验，所有这些都是为了创造一种可以治疗皮肤癌的肥皂，并使每个需要它的人都能负担得起；以及最后一段中的"Bekelewon25,000prizemoneyandhewasgoingtouseittocontinueresearch．"Bekele赢得了2.5万美元的奖金，他打算用这笔钱继续研究。可知，他全心全意地投入到研究抗癌肥皂。故选D。【答案】8．C9．D10．B11．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。离岸流是指从海岸经波浪区向海中流动的一股狭窄而强劲的水流。离岸流具有很大的危险性，但同时对于海洋生态具有重要作用。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题的解题方法包括利用指代关系、定义、定语、文章中的举例、比较的词语、构词法知识、上下文语境、因果关系来推测词义。8．细节理解题。根据第二段的"Onetypeofripcurrent,knownasachannelripcurrent,formswhentherearegapsbetweenbreakingwaves.(一种类型的离岸流，被称为通道离岸流，当破碎波之间存在间隙时形成)"及"Thedarkercorridoroftheescapingwateractslikeaconveyorbelt,movingwater,unsuspectingswimmersandsmallmarineorganismsoffshore.(流出水的较暗色地带就像一条传送带，移动着水，不知情的游泳者和离岸的小型海洋生物)"可推知，channelripcurrents在视觉上呈现为海浪裂口间较暗的区域。故选C。9．词义猜测题。根据话线词后面的"or"可知，transient与"flash"是近义词，结合后文"formswhensurfischoppy(波浪起伏时形成)"可知，划线词意为"短暂的，瞬间的"。故选D。10．推理判断题。根据第四段的第二句"Swimmingagainstthecurrentisgoingtotireyououtandputyouatriskofdrowning.(逆流游泳会使你疲惫不堪，并使你有溺水的危险)"可推知，作者建议避免逆流而游，因为逆流而游会导致疲惫甚至溺水。故选B。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段的"Ripcurrentsareakeymechanismforcarryinglarvae(幼体)todeeperwatersorrecirculationtheminshallowwaters.Thetypeandbehavioroftheripcurrentmayaffectthemovementofmarineorganisms.(离岸流是将幼虫带到较深水域或在浅水中再循环的关键机制。离岸流的类型和行为可能影响海洋生物的运动)"可推知，离岸流可重新分配海洋微生物，故而对海洋生态具有重要作用。故选A。【答案】12．C13．B14．B15．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了致力于拯救野生鲨鱼的ReShark项目及鲨鱼现状。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"AccordingtoNationalGeographic,ReShark'sgoalistorelease500endangeredzebrasharksinIndonesianwaterstoincreaseawildpopulationthatisontheedgeofextinction."据《国家地理》报道，ReShark的目标是在印度尼西亚水域释放500条濒临灭绝的斑马鲨，以增加濒临灭绝的野生种群。可知，ReShark的目的是为了拯救濒临灭绝的鲨鱼种群。故选C。13．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的"Marinereintroductionspresentsignificantchallengesduetothecomplexityandshortageofoceanlife,aswellasthedifficultyinmanagingthreats,accordingtoNationalGeographic."据《国家地理》报道，由于海洋生物的复杂性和短缺，以及管理威胁的难度，海洋生物重新引入面临重大挑战；以及"Unlikelandanimalsthathavebeensuccessfullyreintroducedinthepast,suchasgiantpandasinChina,youngsharksaremorelikelytosufferfromdiseasesandbekilledbyotheranimals,andtheystruggletofindfoodontheirown."与过去成功重新引入的陆地动物，如中国的大熊猫不同，年轻的鲨鱼更容易患上疾病，更容易被其他动物杀死，而且它们很难自己寻找食物。可知，重新将鲨鱼引入海洋面临环境和鲨鱼自身等各方面的挑战，很难成功，可推知goupinsmoke意为"失败，不成功"。故选B。14．考查推理判断。根据第三段"Sharkshavearemarkablehistoryasoneoftheoldestvertebratespecies,survivingfivemassextinctionsoveraperiodof420millionyears.Theyplayanimportantroleinmarineecosystemsbyinfluencingtheocean'sfoodchains.However,theyarenowfacingthesecond-highestrateofdisappearance.Researchshowsthatmorethan37percentofthesharkspeciesareatriskofextinctionduetooverfishing,bothlegalandillegal.Sharksarehuntedfortheirmeat.Nearly100millionsharksarekilledbyhumanhandseachyear,accordingtotheorganizationSentientMedia."作为最古老的脊椎动物物种之一，鲨鱼有着非凡的历史，在4.2亿年的时间里经历了五次大灭绝。它们通过影响海洋食物链，在海洋生态系统中发挥着重要作用。然而，它们现在面临着第二高的消失率。研究表明，超过37%的鲨鱼物种由于合法和非法的过度捕捞而面临灭绝的危险。人们捕杀鲨鱼以获取它们的肉。据SentientMedia组织称，每年有近1亿条鲨鱼被人类杀死。可知，本段主要描述了鲨鱼从古至今经历的灭绝及由于人类大肆猎杀导致的现状。故选B。15．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Similarly,RimaJabado,Dulvy'ssuccessor,recognizedReSharkasauniqueprojectthatcouldprovidealifelineforendangeredsharkspecies.‘Itmayprovideanopportunityforspeciesnottogoextinct,'shesaid."同样，Dulvy的继任者RimaJabado认为ReShark是一个独特的项目，可以为濒危鲨鱼物种提供生命线。她说:"这可能为物种提供一个不灭绝的机会。"可知，RimaJabado认为该项目十分特别，又充满前景。故选A。【答案】16．E；17．F；18．B；19．C；20．G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了情商的重要性。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"Traditionalmeasuresofsuccessoftenprioritizeacademicachievementsandjob-specificknowledge,butrecentresearchhasshownthatemotionalintelligencemaybeabetterpredictorofsuccessandwell-beingthanIQalone."传统的成功衡量标准往往优先考虑学术成就和工作相关知识，但最近的研究表明，情商可能比智商本身更能预测成功和幸福。可知，此处与"情商和个人成就的关系"有关，E．Itisnowrecognizedasavitalfactorinpersonalandprofessionalgrowth."它现在被认为是个人和职业成长的一个重要因素。"承接上文，符合语境，故选E。17．根据空前"Picturethis:you'realeaderwithhighEQ.Yourteamlooksuptoyoubecauseyouinspirethem,driveproductivityandmakedecisionsthattakeeveryone'semotionsintoaccount.Youfindwin-winsolutionsthatkeeptheteamunitedifconflictsarise."想象一下：你是一个高情商的领导者。你的团队尊敬你，因为你能激励他们，提高生产力，并能考虑到每个人的情绪。如果出现冲突，你会找到双赢的解决方案，让团队保持团结。可知，此处与"领导者创造的积极的工作环境"有关，F．Youcreateapositiveworkenvironmentwhereideasflowfreelyifchangestakeplace."你创造了一个积极的工作环境，如果发生变化，思想可以自由流动。"承接上文，符合语境。故选F。18．根据空前"ConsiderhowEQcansuperchargeyourcareer.Firstup:self-awareness.It'slikehavingaspotlightonyouremotions,strengths,andweaknesses.Whenyoutrulyunderstandyourself,youcanmakebetterdecisionsandsetmeaningfulgoals."考虑一下情商如何对你的职业生涯起到推动作用。首先是自我意识。这就像把聚光灯放在你的情绪、优点和缺点上。当你真正了解自己的时候，你就能做出更好的决定，设定有意义的目标；以及空后"It'slikehavinganempathyradar(共情雷达).Whenyou'reawareofothers'emotionsandperspectives,youcanbuildbetterrelationships,collaborateeffectively,andbeabetterteamplayer."这就像一个共情雷达。当你意识到别人的情绪和观点时，你可以建立更好的关系，有效地合作，成为一个更好的团队成员。可知，空前为自我意识方面，空后为社会意识方面，B．SocialawarenessisanothercrucialaspectofEQ."社会意识是情商的另一个重要方面。"承上启下，符合语境。故选B。19．根据空后"EQcanhaveahugeimpactonourpersonallivesaswell.