2019届高考英语大一轮复习-第1部分-基础知识考点-Unit-2-Healthy-eating讲义-新人教版必修

Ⅰ.高考单词→识记·思考·运用1.核心词汇①________n.谎话；谎言

vi.说谎②________vt.咨询；请教；商量③________vt.&vi.使联合；使结合④________vt.&vi.消化

n.摘要；概要⑤________vi.怒目而视；闪耀

n.怒视；炫目的光⑥________vt.&vi.窥探；秘密监视

n.间谍；侦探⑦________vi.叹息；叹气

n.叹息；叹息声⑧balancevt.平衡；权衡

n.天平；平衡________adj.均衡的⑨benefitn.利益；好处

vt.&vi.有益于；有助于；受益________adj.有益的⑩limitvt.限制；限定

n.界限；限度

________adj.有限的

________n.范围；限制答案①lie

②consult

③combine④digest

⑤glare

⑥spy

⑦sigh⑧balanced

⑨beneficial

⑩limited；limitation2.常考词汇 ①dietn.________________vi.________________ ②weaknessn.________________ ③protectiveadj.________________ ④customern.________________ ⑤cooperationn.________________ ⑥strengthn.________________strengthenvt.________________ ⑦curiosityn.________________curiousadj.________________ curiouslyadv.________________

答案①日常饮食节食②缺点；虚弱；弱点③给予保护的；保护的④顾客；消费者⑤合作；协作

⑥强项；长处；力量加强⑦好奇心好奇的好奇地

用所给单词的适当形式填空1.WhileIwasexploringmy________(curious)，mydiseasegotworse.(2016·北京，阅读A)2.Itisalwayscrowdedwith________(customer)atmealtimes.(2016·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)3.Weshouldovercomeour________(weak)andfearswithcourageanddetermination.(2016·天津，阅读表达)4.Peopleareusedtothe________(limit)choiceofapplessuchasGoldenDeliciousandRoyalGala.(2016·全国Ⅲ，阅读C)5.Astudywasundertakenin________(cooperate)withalocaluniversity.6.A________(balance)dietandexercisearethekeystogoodhealth.7.Davidhasa________(strength)body.Hehasthe________(strong)todothishardwork.Wehadbetter________(strength)therelationshipwithhim.8.Thisnewrailway________(benefit)thisareainmanyways.Itis________(benefit)tothepeoplelivinginthisarea.答案1.curiosity

2.customers3.weaknesses

4.limited

5.cooperation

6.balanced

7.strong；strength；strengthen

8.benefits；beneficial【联想·积累】❶“看，观察”动词家族①look(at)强调看的动作②see强调看到的结果③watch观看(精力集中)④witness亲眼看见，目击⑤observe仔细观察⑥glare(at)生气地看⑦glance(at)瞥一眼⑧stare(at)凝视❷后缀-ed必备形容词集锦①balanced平衡的②limited有限的③complicated复杂的④experienced有经验的⑤learned博学的⑥skilled熟练的⑦related相关的⑧united联合的，统一的❸后缀-ness必备名词荟萃①sadness悲伤②darkness黑暗③awareness意识④consciousness知觉⑤carelessness粗心大意⑥happiness高兴；幸福⑦kindness仁慈；好意⑧weakness虚弱；弱点Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思考·运用1.动词＋介词/副词(＋介词) ①spy________暗中监视；侦查 ②cut________削减；删节 ③get________with受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚 ④win...________赢回；重新获得

答案①on

②down

③away④back2.动词＋名词 ①lose________体重减轻；减肥 ②tella________说谎 ③earnone’s________谋生

答案①weight

②lie

③living3.其他形式 ①________diet平衡膳食 ②ought________应当；应该 ③________debt欠债 ④before________不久以后 ⑤puton________增加体重

答案①balanced

②to

③in④long

⑤weight用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空1.Everyoneofuscanmakeagreateffortto____________theuseofenergyinourcountry.2.Newstudentsarenowawarethattheyarelikelytoleaveuniversitywithupto￡15，000____________.(2015·全国Ⅱ，阅读C)3.Don’tbelievehim.Idoubtwhetherhewas____________.4.Idon’tknowhowtheymanageto____________payingsuchlowwages.5.Ispentanhoureverydaytakingexerciseforthesakeof____________.答案1.cutdown

2.indebt

3.tellingalie

4.getawaywith

5.losingweight【联想·积累】❶“动词＋down”短语荟萃①bringdown降低②cutdown削减，删节③slowdown慢下来④breakdown坏了，中止⑤turndown拒绝；拆下⑥settledown定居，平静下来❷“动词＋back”短语一览①keepback隐瞒，忍住②lookback(on)回顾③holdback控制住

④giveback归还⑤call/ringback回电话⑥takeback拿回，收回Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思考·运用原句背诵感悟1.SuddenlyhesawhisfriendLiChanghurryingby.

突然他看见他的朋友李昌匆匆走过。2.“Accordingtomyresearch，neitheryourrestaurantnormineoffersabalanceddiet，”explainedWangPeng.王鹏解释说：“我的研究表明，你我两家餐馆所提供的都不是平衡膳食。”句型公式仿写1.seesbdoing...看见某人正在做某事 ①Isawher________________(正在田间劳动)yesterdaymorning. ②YesterdayIsawhim________________(撞倒)byabusinthestreet.2.neither...nor...既不……也不…… Unluckily，________________(男孩子和女孩子都不)interestedinit.答案1.①workinginthefield②knockeddown

2.neitherboysnorgirlsare【联想·积累】◆“see＋复合结构”小结(1)seesbdo...“看到某人做(了)某事”。宾语补足语do的逻辑主语是sb，不定式作宾语补足语表示动作的全过程或经常发生的动作。(2)seesbdoing...“看到某人正在做某事”。现在分词作宾语补足语强调动作正在进行。(3)seesthdone表示“看见某事被做”，过去分词的动作不是主语做的，通常是别人做的。[单

词

点

睛]1.balancen.天平；平衡；余额

v.平衡；权衡 [高考佳句]Whenhewasrunningafterhisbrother，theboylosthisbalanceandhadabadfall.(2015·湖北，21)

当他追赶弟弟时，这个男孩失去平衡，重重地摔了一跤。高考必备词汇——精讲精练

(1)keep/lose/breakone’sbalance保持/失去/打破平衡onbalance总的来说offbalance失去平衡的，没有站稳的(2)balanceAagainstB权衡/比较A和B(3)balancedadj.平衡的；(比例)协调的keepabalanceddiet保持均衡饮食单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用①RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNiños，________balance，thantheylose.(2016·江苏，阅读C)②Beforemakingthefinaldecision，you’dbetterbalancetheadvantagestothedisadvantages.③You’dbetter________________(保持饮食均衡)forthebenefitofyourhealth.答案①on

②to→against

③keepabalanceddiet2.liev.说谎，躺下，位于

n.谎言 [教材原句]HecouldnothaveYongHuigettingawaywithtellingpeoplelies!

他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！(1)tellalie＝telllies撒谎；说谎话abiglie弥天大谎awhitelie善意的谎言(2)lietosb对某人撒谎(3)liein位于；在于

动词过去式过去分词现在分词词性词义lieliedliedlyingvi.说谎lielaylainlyingvi.躺，位于laylaidlaidlayingvt.放置，下蛋[一句辨异]

Theboyliedthathelayinbedandlaidacockinaboxandsawitlayinganegg.男孩撒谎说他躺在床上，把公鸡放在盒里看着它下蛋。单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用①Thereisnodoubtthatthiscandidate’sadvantagelies________hisabilitytocommunicatewithforeignersinEnglish.(2015·湖北，25)②Althoughstrictlyspeakingyoumaynothavelain，youcertainlyhaven’ttoldusthewholetruth.③________________(不要对我撒谎).Pleasetellmethetruth.答案①in

②lain→lied

③Don’tlietome/Don’ttelllies/alietome3.consultvt.&vi.请教；向……咨询；与人商量；查阅 [高考佳句]Remember，however，thatyoushouldusuallyconsultdifferenttypesofsources.(2015·湖南，完形)

然而要记住，你应该经常参阅不同类型的资源。(1)consultsb向某人请教或咨询consultwithsbabout/onsth就……与某人商量consultadictionary/map查字典/地图(2)consultantn.咨询者；顾问单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用①I’ma34-year-oldman，married，liveinanicehouse，andhaveasuccessfulcareerasaneducational________(consult).(2016·天津，阅读表达)②Toworkoutthedifficultmathsproblem，IhaveconsultedaboutProfessorRussellseveraltimes.③Infact，I________________(与我的一个朋友商量)aboutthismatter.答案①consultant

②去掉about

③consultedwithafriendofmine1.limitn.界限；限度

vt.限制；限定 [高考佳句]Someofthemarealsolatersold，inordertolimitthenumberofponies.(2015·湖北，阅读A)

它们中的一些后来也被出售了，目的是为了限制小马的数量。

单句语法填空/单句阅读理解(说出黑体部分的语义) ①Thereisalimittoone’slife，butnolimitto________(serve)thepeople. ②Sometimes，hewaslimitedtoacageunderwaterbutthatdidnotbotherhim.(2014·江西，阅读A) ③Wemustsetalimittotheexpenseofthetrip.

答案①serving

②受限制于，被局限于③限制常考必会词汇——理解辨认2.benefitvt.&vi.有益于；有助于；受益

n.利益；好处 [教材原句]Idon’twanttoupsetyou，butIfoundyourmenusolimitedthatIstoppedworryingandstartedadvertisingthebenefitsofmyfood.

我不想让你心烦，不过我发现你菜谱上的菜太少了，所以我也就不着急了，我也开始宣传我餐馆的食物的好处。

单句语法填空/单句阅读理解(说出黑体部分的语义)①Ihopewestudentswillbenefit________yourpresence.(2014·陕西，书面表达)②Progresscanbenefitpeoplewhentheyarewillingtoaccepttechnologyandadvancesteadily.(2014·江西，阅读D)③Freshairandgoodfoodareofgreatbenefitto/areverybeneficialtothehealth.④Theteacherrepeatedpartofhispreviouslectureforthebenefitofthosewhohadbeenabsent.答案①from

②对人们有益③对……很有益处④为帮助……；为……的利益

[短

语

点

拨]1.getawaywith被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚；携某物潜逃 [教材原句]HecouldnothaveYongHui

gettingawaywithtellingpeoplelies!

他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！getaway离开，脱身getawayfrom从……脱离；逃脱getalong/onwith进展；与……相处getdownto(doing)sth开始认真做某事单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用①Thepolicemancan’thavethethiefgetawaywith________(steal)people’smoney.②IhadhopedtotakeaholidaythisyearbutIwasnotabletogetawaywith.③Thechildoughttobepunished.Youshouldn’tlethim________________(考试作弊而不受处罚)!答案①stealing

②去掉with

③getawaywithcheatingintheexam2.indebt欠债；欠款 [教材原句]Hedidnotlookforwardtobeingindebtbecausehisrestaurantwasnolongerpopular.

他不希望由于餐馆不受欢迎而负债。beheavily/deeplyindebt债台高筑indebttosb欠某人的债outofdebt还清债务getintodebt欠债getoutofdebt还清债务payoffone’sdebts还清债务单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用①Afteryears’hardworkwe’vepaidoffour________(debt)atlast.②Hewasindebtwhenhewaspoor，buthehasbeenoutofthedebtsincehegotrich.③It’smucheasier____________(欠债)than____________(还清债务).答案①debts

②去掉the

③togetintodebt；togetoutofdebt[句

式

透

析]1.[教材原句