2022中考阅读理解热点话题练 专题43 新冠疫苗接种（原卷版）

试卷第页，共SECTIONPAGES页2022中考阅读理解热点话题练专题43新冠疫苗接种Passage1（2021·青海·中考真题）It’sbeenoverayearsinceCOVID-19firstappearedandtheviruscontinuestobeaprobleminmanypartsoftheworld,scientistshaverealizedthedevelopmentofvaccines(疫苗)isasolutiontothepandemic.Aglobalefforttovaccinateasmanypeopleaspossiblewouldbeneeded,sincevaccinestypicallytakeyearstodevelop.OnDec2,2020,thefirstCOVIDvaccine,thePfizervaccine,wasapproved(批准)byUKhealthdepartment.However,thesevaccinesmustbestoredatverylowtemperatures,whichisnotpossibleeverywhere.Inresponse,ChinesecompanieslikeSinopharmandSinovachavedevelopedvaccinesthatcanbekeptatnormaltemperatures.Now,vaccinesarebeingrolledoutallovertheworld,withmillionsofpeoplebeingvaccinatedeveryday.InChina,285millionvaccinedoses(剂量)hadbeengivensofar.Meanwhile,theUShasgivenout247milliondoses.TheUKnowstandsat50milliondoses.Althoughtherehavebeenrumorsaboutvaccinesbeingunsafe,mostofpeopleseemtorealizetheimportanceofvaccinationforbuildingmassimmunity(群体免疫)inordertostopthevirusfromspreading.Theworldhascometounderstandthatthevaccineswillprotectus.Therefore,sharingvaccineshasbecomeakeyfactorofstayingsafeandhealthyworldwide.Unfortunately,noteveryonecangetthevaccineyet.Childrenbelowtheageof16can’tbevaccinatedbecausetheyhavenotyetbeentestedonthem.Thosewhohaveahistoryofvaccineallergies(过敏)shouldn’tgetit,either.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。1．Thevaccinedevelopedby________cannotbestoredatnormaltemperatures.A．UKhealthdepartment B．SinopharmC．Sinovac D．Pfizer2．Accordingtothepassage,________millionvaccinedoseshadbeengivensofarinChina.A．50 B．247 C．285 D．5823．Inparagraph4,theunderlinedword‘‘rumors”probablymeans________.A．谎言 B．谣言 C．建议 D．骗局4．Thepurposeforvaccinatingasmanypeopleaspossibleisto________.A．buildmassimmunity B．sharethevaccinesC．developvaccinesquickly D．geteveryonevaccinated5．Inparagraph5,theword“they”,intheunderlinedsentencerefersto________.A．children B．companies C．vaccines D．expertsPassage2（2021·四川遂宁·中考真题）Severalmonthsago,ChineseCOVID-19vaccines（疫苗）wereputtousewidely.OurgovernmentoffersfreevaccinestoChinesepeople.Hereissomeinformationyouneedtoknow.Howisthevaccinegiven?Itisgivenbyinjection（注射）.Thereareseveralwaystogetinjected.Forthemostcommonway,youaresupposedtogetittwice.Afterthefirstinjection,youhavetogetthesecondone.Isthevaccinebadforhumanbodies?Somepeopleareafraidthatthevaccinesaredangerousandmaymakethemsick.Infact,thevaccineshavebeentestedforalongtime.Theywon’tcauseanydisease.Instead,theycanprotectourbodiesfrombeinghurt.Whoissuitable?MedicalresearcheshaveshownthatChinesevaccinesaresuitableformostpeople.Andpeopleaged18to59wouldbethefirstonestogetinjections.Ourgovernmentexpectspeopleover60whoareingoodhealthtogetinjectedaswell.You’dbetteraskdoctorsforadvicefirst.Shouldwestillwearafacemask?Yes.IttakesafewweeksforthebodytobuildtheabilitytofighttheCOVID-19afterinjection.Sometimesthevaccinesmightnotworkwellinthebody.Soit’sbesttokeepwearingfacemasksinpublicandwashyourhandsoften.6．________cangettheCOVID-19vaccinesfirstinChina.A．Peopleofallages B．Peopleaged3to17C．Peopleaged18to59 D．Peopleaged60andabove7．Theunderlinedword“disease”means________inthepassage.A．illness B．trouble C．headache D．pressure8．Fromthepassage,wecanknowthatthevaccines________.A．willmakepeoplesick B．canprotectpeoplefrombeinghurtC．canonlybegivenintwoways D．areveryexpensive9．Peopleshouldstillwearmasksafterinjectionbecause________.A．theirbodiesneedtimetobuildtheabilityB．themaskscanmakethemmorebeautifulC．theymaycatchacoldmoreeasilyD．themaskshelpthevaccinestowork10．Thispassagemainlytalksabout________.A．physicalhealth B．facemasks C．doctors’advice D．vaccineinjectionPassage3（2020·湖北荆门·中考真题）Scientistsaroundtheworldareracingtocreateandtestvaccines（疫苗）tohelpprotectpeopleagainstthenovelcoronavirus（新冠病毒）.Theyaremakingprogress,butitwillbequiteawhilebeforeanyvaccinesareready.Therearemanydifferentwaystomakevaccines.Atleast115differentvaccinesforthenovelcoronavirusarebeingdevelopedaroundtheworldrightnow.Manyofthemmaynotworkormayhavesideeffectsthatcanbedangerous.Thatiswhytestingisveryimportant.Beforeavaccineisevertestedonhumans,it'sfirsttestedonanimalstomakesureitseemssafe.Testingthevaccineonhumansisdoneinseveraldifferentphases（阶段）.InPhase1,asmallgroupofpeoplearegivensmallamountsofthevaccinetoseeifithasanybadeffects.Phase2stillteststhevaccine’ssafety,butit'smainlyatesttoseeifthevaccineseemstowork,IfPhase2goeswell,thevaccinecanbeginPhase3.DuringPhase3,thevaccineistriedonamuchlargergroupofpeopletoseehowwellitworks.Becauseoftheseriousandworldwideimpact（影响）ofthenovelcoronavirus,thereishugepressuretodevelopaworkingvaccinequickly.Itnormallytakessevenormoreyearstodevelopasafevaccinethatworkswell.Nowdrugcompaniesarehopingtocreateworkingvaccinesin12or18months.Buthealthexpertsalsowarnthatrushingtoomuchcouldbedangerous.Avaccinewithharmfuleffectscouldcausemoreproblemsthanitsolves.11．Accordingtothepassage,thescientistswhoaremakingvaccinesare____________.A．hard-workingandcareful B．patientandeasy-going C．kindandcurious D．caringandbrave12．Howlongdoesittaketocreateworkingvaccinesintheusualway?A．Lessthansixyears. B．Morethantenyears.C．Twelvetoeighteenmonths. D．Aboutsevenyears.13．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Thereareonlythreephasesintestingvaccines.B．Workingvaccinesmustbecreatedinashorttime.C．Vaccineshavealreadybeendeveloped.D．Rushingtooquicklyincreatingvaccinesmaybringmoreproblems.14．What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．RushforaVaccine B．FightagainsttheDiseaseC．ProtectPeopleagainsttheVirus D．CreateWorkingVaccinesPassage4（2021·湖南·长沙市开福区青竹湖湘一外国语学校一模）FrequentlyAskedQuestionsaftergettingtheCOVID-19Vaccine(新冠疫苗)▲Arethereanysideeffects(副作用)tothevaccine(s)?·Fever·Headache·Pain,rednessatshotarea·Muscle(肌肉)pain▲WhatshouldIdoifIexperiencesideeffects?·Applyaclean,cool,wetwashclothovertheshotarea,andexerciseyourarm.·Drinkplentyofwateranddresslightlytoreducefeverdiscomfort.·Callyourdoctoriftherednessattheshotareaincreasesafter24hours.▲Whendoesthevaccinestartworking?Ittakesafewweeksforthebodytobuildimmunity(免疫力),soit’spossibleapersoncouldgetsickwithCOVID-19justbeforeorjustaftervaccination.▲Howlongdoesprotectionfromthevaccineslast?Wehavenoideahowlongthevaccinewillprovideprotection.▲DoIhavetowearamaskandavoidgroupsstillafterIgetit?It’simportantforeveryonetocontinueusingallthetoolsavailabletostopthespread.Evenafteryouarefullyvaccinated,youshouldcontinuetowearamask,washyourhands,keepyourdistance,andavoidgroups.FormoreinformationvisitMass.gov/COVIDvaccineAftergettingtheCOVID-19vaccine,________.A．itisgoodforyoutoexerciseyourarmtoreducethesideeffectB．youshouldwearwarmclothesandhavemuchwaterifyouhaveafeverC．callyourdoctortoaskforadviceatoncewhenthereisredattheshotarea16．Accordingtothechart,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．PeoplemaygetsickwithCOVID-19aftervaccination.B．Itremainsunknownthathowlongprotectionfromthevaccineslasts.C．WearingmasksisunnecessaryforpeoplewhohavegottheCOVID-19vaccine.Passage5（2021·山东岱岳·二模）AccordingtoChinaDaily,Chinaplanstovaccinate(接种疫苗)40percentofitspopulationbyJune.Thevaccinecapacity(疫苗容量)willreach2.1billiondoses(剂)bytheendof2021.Atthesametime,Chinahasreachedouttoothercountriesinneed.Thecountryisexporting(出口)COVID-19vaccinesto27countriesandprovidingfreevaccineaidfor53countries,includingPakistan,Cambodia,LaosandMongolia.However,globalvaccinationishighlyunbalanced(不平衡的),ZhangWenhong,directoroftheDepartmentofInfectiousDiseaseattheHuashanHospitalofFudanUniversity,saidonMarch1st.Fullvaccinecoverage(覆盖率)canbeachievedonlyintheUnitedStates,Europeandafewothercountries,suchasChinaandRussia.Smallandmedium-sizeddevelopingcountriescouldreachwidevaccinecoverageayearbehindlargerdevelopinganddevelopedcountries,accordingtotheWorldBank.Forthosecountriesthathavenotyetgotavaccine,Chinamaybetheonlysolution(解决办法).Chinaisoneofthefewnationsthatcanproducealargenumberofvaccines.What’smore,ChinahasjoinedCOVAXwhichisorganizedbytheWorldHealthOrganizationtomakesurethatallmembersgetthevaccineinthefuture.Chinahasdecidedtooffer10millionvaccinestoCOVAX,Xinhuareported.“Wemustmakesurethatnocountryinneedofthevaccinesisleftbehindandnoindividuals(个人)waitingforvaccinesaren’tnoticed,”saidForeignMinisterWangYi,whopointedoutthatnothingmattersmorethanthepeopleandnothingismorevaluablethanhumanlives.17．HowmanycountriesintheworldcangetChina’svaccine?A．27. B．40. C．53. D．80.18．Inwhichcountrycanfullvaccinecoveragebeachieved?A．Pakistan. B．Mongolia. C．Russia. D．Japan.19．WhyisChinaconsideredtobetheonlysolution?A．Becauseithasreachedouttoothercountriesinneed.B．Becauseitisalargedevelopingcountry.C．Becauseitcanachievefullvaccinecoverage.D．BecauseitcanproducevaccinesonalargescaleandithasjoinedCOVAX.20．WhatcanweknowfromWangYi’swords?A．Chinavalueshumanlivesalot.B．Noindividualsarewaitingforvaccines.C．COVAXhasgottenmillionvaccinesfromChina.D．ChinawillprovidefreevaccinetoallthemembersofCOVAX.Passage6（2021·辽宁锦州·一模）单项选择，根据短文内容从各题的四个选项中选择一个最佳答案。OnSept.8,2020,PresidentXiJinpingpresentsmedalstotherecipient（接受者）oftheMedaloftheRepublic（共和国勋章）ZhongNanshan,andrecipientsofthenationalhonorary（荣誉的）title“thePeople’sHero,”ZhangBoli,ZhangDingyuandChenWei,atameetingcommending（表彰）rolemodelsinthecountry’sfightagainsttheCOVID-19epidemic（流行病）attheGreatHallofthePeopleinBeijing.ZhongNanshanisoneofthem.HeledhisteamtoWuhantofightagainsttheillness.HemadetheimportantdecisiontocutoffWuhanfromothercitiestostopthevirus.Thankstohim,thediseaseisundercontroldaybyday.“Wearingthisuniform,Ishoulddoeverythingforthecountry,”saidChenWei,akeyfigurebehindthevaccine（疫苗）.ShemadegreatachievementsinCOVID-19relatedbasicresearchanddevelopmentofvaccineandprotectivemedicine.ZhangDingyu,headofWuhanJinyintanHospital,learnedthathiswifewasinfected（感染）withCOVID-19,buthestillfoughtinthefrontlineoftheepidemicformorethan30days.Andheledthemedicalteamtotreatthousandsofpatients.Althoughpeoplehavedifferentpositions,industries,abilitiesandlevels,theycancreategreatachievementsincommonpositions.That’sbecausetheyhaveheroic（英雄的）dreamsanddoheroicdeeds.Everyoneadmiresahero.TheheroicChinesepeoplewillsurelycreatenewerandgreaterChinesemiracles（奇迹）.21．Whohasbeengiventhe“theMedaloftheRepublic”byPresidentXi?A．ZhangBoli. B．ZhongNanshan. C．ZhangDingyu. D．ChenWei.22．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutZhangDingyu?A．HissonwasinfectedwithCOVID-19.B．Hefoughtinthefrontlineoftheepidemicforover300days.C．Hismedicalteamsavedthousandsofpatients.D．Thisyear,heiseighty-fouryearsold23．Accordingtothepassage,therecipientsarehonoredbecausetheyareall_________.A．rolemodelsinthecountry’sfightagainsttheCOVID-19epidemicB．makinggreatachievementsinscienceC．keyfiguresbehindthevaccineD．developingvaccineandprotectivemedicinein202024．Accordingtothepassage,whatmainlymakescommonpeoplecreategreatachievements?A．Highpositions. B．Goodabilitiesandhighlevels.C．Greatfeelings. D．Heroicdreamsandheroicdeeds.25．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．China’sGreatAchievements B．DevelopmentofVaccineC．TheHeroicDreamsofPeople D．GivetheEpidemicHeroesThumb（大拇指）upPassage7（2021·江苏泰兴·一模）Haveyougottenvaccinated?ThisquestionhasbecomeacommonwaytogreetothersinChinasincethecountryproducedanumberofCOVID-19vaccines(疫苗)inDecemberlastyear.Chinaplanstovaccinate40percentofitspopulationbyJune,2021.Atthesametime,Chinaisalsoprovidingvaccinesforothercountries.Itisexporting(出口)COVID-19vaccinesto28countriesandgivinghelpto69countriesinneed,Xinhuareported.Mostofthesecountriesaredevelopingnations,suchasPakistan,MongoliaandMexico.Theleadersofthesecountriesaretakingtheleadinreceivingvaccineshots.TheyincludeIndonesianPresidentJokoWidodoandChileanPresidentSebastianPinera.AccordingtotheWorldBank,tovaccinate(接种)theircitizens,smallandmedium-sizeddevelopingnationscouldhaveendedupayearbehindlargerdevelopingnationsanddevelopedcountries.Somewealthiernationshavealreadystoredmanyvaccinedoses(剂)fortheirowncitizens.Someofthemhaveorderedenoughvaccinestovaccinatetheirpopulationstwoorthreetimes,TheWashingtonPostreported.Forcountriesthathavenotyetdevelopedorgottenavaccine,Chinamaybetheonlyanswer,APnoted.Chinaisoneofthefewnationsthatcanproducevaccinesonalargescale(大批量).ChinajoinedCOVAXinOctober2020,amechanism(机制)organizedbytheWorldHealthOrganization,tomakesurethatallmembersgetthevaccinesinthefuture.Chinahasdecidedtooffer10millionvaccinestoCOVAX,Xinhuareported.26．FromParagraph2,weknowthat________.A．somepeoplehavequestionedthesafetyofChinesevaccinesB．ChinahasonlysentvaccinestonearbyAsiancountriesC．ChinesevaccineshavebeenwelcomedinmanycountriesD．Chinaoffersvaccinestoallothercountriesforfree27．AsforCOVID-19vaccines,smallandmedium-sizeddevelopingnations________.A．havereceivedhelpfromwesterncountriesB．havefallenbehindinvaccinatingtheircitizensC．havestoredenoughvaccinesfortheircitizensD．havestartedtodeveloptheirownvaccines28．Whatisthecorrectorderforthefollowingeventsaccordingtothepassage?a.ChinaproducedCOVID-19vaccines.b.40percentofChinesereceivevaccineshots.c.Manyleadersinlessdevelopedcountriesreceivedvaccineshots.d.ChinajoinedCOVAX.A．a-d-c-b B．d-a-c-b C．d-a-b-c D．a-d-b-c29．Whatcanbeinferred(推断)fromthepassage?A．TheCOVID-19willoonend.B．ChineseCOVID-19vaccinesarecheaperandsaferthanothers.C．ChinaistheonlycountrytodevelopCOVID-19vaccines.D．ChinamightofferCOVID-19vaccinesallovertheworld.30．Whereisthetextmostprobablyfrom?A．Anewswebsite. B．Alearningwebsite. C．Atravelwebsite. D．Ageographywebsite.Passage8（2021·河南安阳·一模）Atthebeginningof2021,theChinesegovernmentsaiditwouldprovidefreeCOVID-19vaccinestoallChinesecitizens.Sincethen,millionsofpeoplehavegottenthevaccine.Let’smakeacloserlook.▲Thevaccineisgivenbyinjection.It’ssuggestedtogettwodoses.Youshouldwaitabouttwoweeksafterthefirstdosetogetthesecondone.Canpeopleofallagesgetvaccinated?Thevaccineshavebeentestedamongthreedifferentagegroups:3to17,18to59,and60andabove.The18-to-59agegrouphasthemostdata—thevaccineshavebeenproventobesafetothisgroup.Theothertwogroupsareexpectedtobeincludedsoon.Isthereanyonewhoshouldn’tgetvaccinated?Expertssaythevaccinesaresafeformostpeople.Butpeoplewhohaveseriousdiseasessuchascancerordiabetes,orpeoplewhoareallergictoanyofthevaccine’singredients,shouldnotgetit.Peoplewhowanttogetthevaccineshouldnotgetanyothervaccinesduringthesameperiod.WordBankvaccine疫苗injection注射diabetes糖尿病allergic过敏DoIstillIneedtowearamaskinpublicplacesafterI’vebeenvaccinated?Yes.Ittakesafewweeksforthebodytobuildimmunityaftervaccination.Thismeansit’spossibleforapersontogetinfectedjustaftervaccination.There’salsoasmallchancethatyourbodywon’tbuildimmunity.Sobeforethepopulationbecomesimmunetothevirus,it’shighlyencouragedtokeepwearingmasks,practicingsocialdistancingandwashingyourhandsaftergettingvaccinated.31．WhoissuretobesafeaftergettingtheCOVID-19vaccinerightnow?A．AllChinesecitizens. B．Peopleaged3to17.C．Peopleaged18to59. D．Peopleaged60andabove.32．Whatcanthemissingsentence“▲”be?A．Howisthevaccinegiven? B．Canpeoplewithseriousdiseasesgetvaccinated?C．Howdoesthevaccinework? D．Itisnoteasytogetthevaccine.33．WhatdoweknowaboutpeoplewhowanttogetaCOVID-19vaccine?A．Theywillhaveallergicreactionsatfirst.B．Theyneedtogettwodoseswithinaweek.C．Theyonlyneedtopayasmallamountofmoney.D．Theyshouldn’tgetothervaccinesatthesametime.34．Whichpersoncangetvaccinatedaccordingtotheexperts’advice?A．A22-year-oldyoungmanwithdiabetes.B．A58-year-oldmanwhohasjustgotafluvaccine.C．A29-year-oldyoungmotherwhohasa3-year-oldkid.D．A39-year-oldwomanwhoisallergictovaccine’singredients.35．Thewriterdevelopsthelastparagraphby______.A．tellingastory B．givingreasonsC．comparingtwofacts D．showingnumbersPassage9（2021·广东龙岗·一模）Shenzhenispushingforwardonitsmassvaccinationcampaign（大规模疫苗接种）againstCOVID-19.Buthowarethevaccinesbeingstored,transportedandhandedoutbeforecitizensgetthem?AreporterwithShenzhenSpecialZoneDailymightprovideyouwiththeanswer.At2a.m.,atemperature-controlledvehiclefilledwithvaccinesdroveintoSinopharm’slogisticscenterinLonghuaDistrict.Aftertheunloading,theworkersofthecenterfirstcheckedthevaccinescarefully.Theymustmakesurethevaccineswerestoredwithinthetemperaturerangeof2°C-8°Calltheway.Thenthevaccinesweresenttoaspecialstorehousewiththesametemperaturerange.Boxesofvaccineswereplacedonpalletstoavoiddirectcontactwiththeground,asthatmightaffectthestoragetemperatureofthevaccines."Eachvaccinationsitehasmadeaplanforvaccineusageoneortwodaysaheadoftime,andthevaccinesaresenttothesitesacrossthecitybytemperature-controlledvehicles,''saidXieXu,headoftheimmunizationprogramofShenzhenCenterforDiseaseControlandPrevention.At9:25a.m.,theCOVID-19vaccinesarrivedatthelobbyoftheJingtianCommunityHealthCenterofJingtianHospitalafteratwo-hourdrivefromthestorehouse.Duringthetransportation,thetemperatureofthevaccineswasrecordedeveryfiveminutes.ChenLi,adoctorwiththehealthcenter,carefullycheckedthevaccines,puttheminaspecialfridgeandrecordeddetailedinformation."Wewouldrefusetoacceptthevaccinesifthetemperatureisn'tnormalortheouterpackagehasanyleakage（渗漏）,"saidChen.36．Thevaccinescan'tbekeptproperlyifthetemperatureissetat________.A．10°C B．8°C C．6°C D．2°C37．Theunderlinedword"that"inParagraph3mayreferto________.A．storingthevaccinesinboxesB．placingthevaccinesonpalletsC．puttingthevaccinesonthegroundD．sendingthevaccinestothestorehouse38．Thetemperatureofthevaccineswasprobablyrecorded_______Sinophann'slogisticscentertoJingtianHospital.A．5times B．10times C．12times D．24times39．Wecaninter（推断）fromthepassagethat________.A．makingaplanforvaccineusagecanhelpgetmorevaccinesB．theouterpackagesofthevaccinesmustbecheckedcarefullyC．thevaccinescanbesenttothevaccinationsitesbyanykindofvehiclesD．allthevaccineswillbeacceptedwhentheyarriveatthevaccinationsite40．Thebesttitleforthepassagecanbe________.A．DeliveryofCOVID-19VaccinesB．MoreCOVID-I9VaccinesNeededC．WellDevelopedCOVID-19VaccinesD．MassVaccinationCampaignagainstCOVID-19Passage10（2021·浙江鄞州·一模）Hello,everyone!Here’sNBTV-1.I’mWangYi.Atthebegin