2022中考阅读理解热点话题练 专题35 运动与健康（解析版）

PAGE8PAGE72022中考阅读理解热点话题练专题35运动与健康Passage1（2017·江苏泰州·中考真题）Wanttoenjoysomeextremesports(极限运动)?HereareasmallnumberoftheextremesportclubsacrossuniversitiesintheUK.Oetopush(水中曲棍球)Oxford,York,AberdeenandWarwickareonlysomeoftheuniversitiesthatofferthisratherunusualsport.Anyonewhoisabletoswimcanplay.Itisplayedbytwoteamsofsixplayers.Everyonewearsamaskandcarriesasmallwoodenstick.SkiingandsnowboardingNearlyeveryuniversityintheUKhasaskiingandsnowboardingclub.Forexample,Brumski&BoardClubofBirminghamUniversityhasrunfor30yearsandhasabout500members.TheyholdChristmasandEasterskitripseveryyearandtakepartincompetitions.SkateboardingWarwickUniversityishometotheLongboardingClub.ALongboardistwoorthreefeetlongerthanausualskateboardandhasawiderwheelbase.InsteadofofferingclubT-shirts,theLongboardingClubletsmembershavetheirpersonalsocks.BASEjumpingTheUniversityofLincolnoffersBASEjumping.InBASEjumping,playersjumpfromfixedobjectsanduseaparachute(降落伞)tobreaktheirfall.TheygoonweeklytripstoSkydiveHibaldstow.1．IfastudentwantstotakepartinOctopush,heorsheshouldbeableto_______.A．ski B．swim C．skate D．skydive2．HowmanymembersarethereinBrumski~BoardClub?A．About30. B．About300. C．About50. D．About500.3．Ausualskateboardis_______thanaLongboard.A．shorter B．longer C．wider D．bigger4．WhichuniversityoffersBASEjumping?A．Oxford. B．York. C．Lincoln. D．Warwick.5．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisthemostcommonsportinUKuniversities?A．Octopush. B．Snowboarding. C．Skateboarding. D．BASEjumping.Passage2（2016·四川雅安·中考真题）It’sgettinghotterandhotteroutside.Summerisalreadyhere!Summermeanshightemperature,moreoutdooractivitiesandallkindsoffruitandvegetables.Howcanwestayfitinthisexcitingseason?Herearesomegoodsuggestions:EatanddrinkproperlyWhatishealthytoeatinsummer?Freshandlightfood.Fishcanbeagoodchoice.Itcankeepyourbodyenergeticandhelpfightagainsttheburningsun.Anothergoodchoiceiscolorfulfruitandvegetables.Theynotonlypleaseoureyes,butarefullofhealthychemicals(化学物质).Tomatoescanhelpprotectyourskinagainstsunburn.Blueberriesaregoodforyourbrainandeyes.Themorecolor,thebetter!Withallthosesummertimeactivitiesyouwillbethirsty.Whattodrink?Water.Waterhaszerocalories(卡路里)andistheperfectdrinktostopyourthirst(口渴).Trynottodrinktoomanyenergydrinks,sportsdrinksandsodadrinkswhichhavelotsofsugarandcaffeine(咖啡因)inthem.StayactiveandcoolSummerisagreatseasontoenjoyoutdooractivitiesandplay.It’salsoagoodtimetoloseweight.Ifyouareluckyenoughtobenearabodyofwater,trywatersportslikeswimming,surfing,waterskiingandsoon.Thesesportskeepyoucoolandactiveatthesametime.You’llhavenoproblembeatingtheheatandkeepingfitaswell.Becarefulofthesunshine.Summerallowsusmorechancestogetoutside,butitalsomeansmorepossibilitiestogetburntbythesunshine.Ifyouaregoingoutside,keepawayfromthesunwhenit’sthestrongest—usuallybetween11a.m.and3p.m.Ifyouhavetostayinthesunforalongtime,suncream(防晒霜),abighatandalong-sleevejacketwillbenecessary.6．Howmanypiecesofadvicedoesthewritergiveus?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.7．ThefollowingthingscanhelpfightagainsttheburningsunEXCEPT________.A．fish B．tomatoes C．sunscreen D．sportsdrinks8．Theunderlinedword“please”probablymeans“________”inthepassage.A．使……愉悦 B．想要 C．使……明亮 D．请9．WhichofthefollowingisNOTright?A．Watersportscanhelpyoufeelcoolandactiveinsummer.B．Youdbetternotgooutsidefrom12a.m.to2p.m.insummer.C．Energydrinksarebetterthanwatertostopthirst.D．Summerisagoodtimetoloseweight.10．Whichcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．HowtoStayHealthy B．HowtoLoseWeightC．EnjoyOutdoorActivitiesinSummer D．KeepFitinSummerPassage3（2017·贵州黔东南·中考真题）Overworkisoneofthemainreasonswhysomanystudentsfeeltiredandstressed.Therearesomewaysforyoutolearntorelax.Suchasreducing（减少）someofthejobsyoudoeachday.Soyoucanleavetimeforsomerelaxingandfunactivities,likereadingagoodbook,listeningtoasweetmusicgoingforawalkortakingarelaxingbath.Secondly,getagoodnight’ssleep.Gettingenoughsleepwillhelpyoukeepyourbodyandmindinthebestform.Ifyoustayuplateandneedtogetupearlyforschoolthenextday,youmaynotbeabletoconcentrateonthethingsyouneedtodo.Next,exerciseoftenandeathealthily.You’dbettereatlessjunkfoodorfastfood.Anotherwayisgettingtoknowpleasantpeople.SomepeopleareoptimisticwhileothersnotChooseoptimisticpeopleasyourfriendsandspendmoretimewiththem.Thenyou’llbeashappyasthem.Next,learntokeepcalmwhenyoufaceproblems.Youknowthatyoucanprobablysolvetheproblems,anditisagoodwaytobuildupyourself-confidence.Finally,haveahappyattitude.Yourattitudedecidesthewaytoseethings.Forexample,isyourcuphalffullorhalfempty?Learntothinkmorepositivelyaboutthedifficultyyouface.11．Whydolotsofstudentsfeelstressedandtired?A．Becausetheythinkstudyingisboring. B．Becausetheyhavetoomuchworktodo.C．BecausetheywatchTValotatnight. D．Becausetheycan’tgetonwellwiththeirfriends.12．Thestudentsdon’tneedtogetenoughsleep,dothey?A．maybe. B．No,theydon’t. C．Yes,theydo. D．Sorry,Idon’tknow.13．Accordingtothepassage,ifthestudentswanttobehappy,whatfriendsshouldtheyhave?A．Theonesworkinghard. B．Theoneswhoareoptimistic.C．Theoneslovingsports. D．Theonestheylike.14．Howcanthestudentdowhentheyfacesomeproblems?A．Theycanasktheteachersforhelp. B．Theycangettheideasfromtheirfriends.C．Theycansolvetheproblemsonlybythemselves. D．Theyshouldlearntobecalm.15．Howmanywaysforthestudentstorelaxarementionedinthispassage?A．Six B．Seven. C．Eight. D．Nine.Passage4（2019·四川德阳·中考真题）Manychildrenliketogohiking(徒步旅行).Why?Becausetheycanbefreefromschoolandtheirhomework.Theycanalsoenjoybeautifulnature,playwithfriendsorfamily.Ifyouwanttohaveahappyhike,youmustpayattentiontothefollowing:First,findagoodday.Fineweatheristhemostimportantforahappyhike.Iftheweatherisgood,youcandoalotofthings,likeridinghorses,goingbikeriding,swimmingintheriver,flyingkitesandplayingballgames.Second,gowiththepeopleyoulike.Ifyougohikingwiththepeopleyoudon'tlike,youwon'thaveagreattime.So,findthepersonwhohasthesameinterestasyou.Third,findtherightplace.Differentpeoplehavedifferentideasabouttheplaces.Forme,Iwouldliketogotothebeachforahike.Iliketowalkalongthebeach,listeningtothesoundoftheseaandwatchchildrenplaying.Lastly,thinkofwhatyouneedtopreparebeforegoinghiking.Tohaveanicehike,youmusthavecomfortableshoes,enoughwaterandsomefood.Nowyoucangohiking!16．Whydochildrenliketogohiking?A．Becausetheycanlearnmorethings.B．Becausetheycanmakemorefriends.C．Becausetheycanenjoybeautifulnature.D．Becausetheydon’tneedtostayathome.17．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthewriter’sideaaboutahappyhike?A．Youshouldgohikingwithdifferentpeople.B．Apairofcomfortableshoesmustbeprepared.C．Enoughwaterandsomefoodisveryimportant.D．Youshouldgohikingwhentheweatherisfine.18．Wheredoesthewriterprobablygoforahike?A．Tothefarm. B．Tothepark. C．Tothebeach. D．Tothemountain.19．Howmanypointsmustyoupayattentiontoforahappyhike?A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.Passage5（2021·安徽贵池·二模）Youwillhavefunwithchildrenasoldasyou.Wenotonlyteachyouhowtoplaysportsandhowtobecomeateamplayer,butalsoteachtheimportanceofhealthylifestylechoices.Wewillalsoinvitesomefamouscoachestogiveyousomeadvice.It’sourgoaltohelpchildrenformpositivehabitsthattheywillcarrywiththemthroughouttheirlives.Joinusandexperiencethefunofsports.★Time:Monday-Friday9:00am-4:00pm★Price:$235(children8-16)includingasuitandapairofsocks$18(childrenunder8)★FreeWi-Fiisprovided.★Lunchesarenotincluded.Formoreinformation:Pleaseemailusatcamp@breakthrough20．BreakthroughSportsWinterCampprovidesthefollowingthingsexcept________.A．famouscoaches B．lunches C．asuit D．apairofsocks21．Thetextiswrittento________.A．showtheimportanceofhealthylifestyle B．introducesomegoodhabitsC．attractchildrentojoinintheWinterCamp D．discusshowtobecomeateamplayer22．Inwhichsectionofanewspaperwouldyouprobablyreadthetext?A．Sports. B．Culture. C．Business. D．Science.Passage6（2021·安徽芜湖·二模）Asweknow,allthepeopleneedamusement(娱乐，消遣).Wecannotworkalldayifwearegoingtokeephealthyandenjoylife．Everyonehashisownwayofrelaxing.Perhapsthemostpopularformistotakepartinsports.Thereareteamsports,suchasbasketballandfootball.Therearealsoindividual(个人的)sports,suchasswimmingandrunning.Skatingandmountainclimbingarethemostpopularamusementforpeoplewholiketobeoutdoor.Noteveryonewhoenjoyssportslikestotakepartinthem.ManypeoplelikewatchingthemonTVorlisteningtothemontheradio.Somanypeoplelikesomeformsofindooramusement,suchaswatchingTV,singinganddancing.Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherwelikeindooramusementortakepartinoutdoorsports.Itisimportantforeveryonetorelaxfromtimetotime,andenjoysomeformsofamusement.23．Peoplewanttotakepartinsportsinorderto________.A．makefriends B．keephealthyandenjoylifeC．findagoodjob D．makemoremoney24．WhydomanypeoplelikewatchingsportsonTVorlisteningtothemontheradio?A．Becausetheylikesports,buttheydon’tliketotakepartinthem.B．Becausetheydon’tenjoysportsorenjoylifeatall.C．Becausetheyliketoguideotherstodosportsandgivesuggestions.D．Becausetheyaresobusythattheydon’tneedamusement.25．Thepassagetellsusthat________.A．basketballisakindofteamsportsB．everyonewhoenjoyssportsshouldtakepartinthemC．differentpeoplehavedifferentwaysofrelaxingD．indooramusementisnotasimportantasoutdoorsportsPassage7（2020·浙江省衢州市衢江区实验中学三模）AccordingtoaUniversityofMichiganstudy,kidsspenttwofewerhourseachweekonoutdooractivitiesintheearly2000sthankidsdidintheearly1980s.Indooractivitieswithoutmovingaremorepopular.MostpeopleinthestudyspendmostoftheirfreetimewatchingTV(85%)orplayingcomputergames(81%).“Thiscausesover-weight,greaterstressandmorephysicalandemotional(情绪的)illnesses,”saysRichardLouv,anaturewriter.Infact,outdooractivitiessuchastakingafriendalong,kickingaroundaballandtakingphotoscanhelp.Itisimportantforkidstoplayoutside.Firstly,outdooractivitiesopenupyoursenses.Youwillfeelbetterafterspendingtimeoutside.“Surfing,campingandfishinghelpbringallofyoursensestolife,”saysBetsyKeller,aprofessoratIthacaCollegeinNewYork.“Smell,sight...they’reallactivewhenyou’reoutside.”Withyoursensesgetstronger,you’llfeelfreeandmorecreative.Playingoutsidehelpsyourbody.Whenplayingoutside,youcanbeonhills,beachesorlakesinsteadofaflatfloor.Differentareasofferspecialfunandchallengeyourstrengthandbalance(平衡).alsohelpskeepyourbody’sclockontracksothatyousleepbetteratnightandfeellesssleepyduringtheday.Outdoorplayalsomakesyourmindrelax.Toomuchtimeindoors,suchaswatchingTVoractivitiesinnon-greenareas,maymakeithardforkidstofocustheirattentionandeasytofeelstressedout.Butstayinginthenaturehelpsthemconcentrate(全神贯注)andlowerstheirstresslevels.Besides,spendingtimeoutdoorsbringsyouclosertotheenvironment.Hearingtheleavescrackleunderfoot,breathinginfreshair,walkingthroughthewoodsinsearchofcoolbirdsremindyouofthebeautyofthenature.Youneedn’tgotothecountryside.Therearebitsofnatureeverywhere.Itcanbeyourownbackyardorthatblockoftreesattheendofthestreet.SothenexttimeyousitdowntospendtimewithaTV,considertreatingyourselftoalittleoutdoorplayinstead.▲.Itcanbeyourownbackyardorthatblockoftreesattheendofthestreet.26．Thefirstparagraphmainlytellsus________.A．kidsspendmoretimeplayingvideogamesnowB．kidscantakepartindifferentkindsofactivitiesC．toomanyindooractivitiesarenotgoodforkids’healthD．outdooractivitieswillbecomemorepopularinthefuture27．Howmanyadvantagesofoutdooractivitiesarementioned?A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.28．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttofillin“▲”inthepassage?A．Therearebitsofnatureeverywhere. B．Youcanenjoyyourselfinthecountryside.C．Therearemoreandmoreparkstoday. D．Youshouldprotectthebeautifulnature.29．Thepurposeofthepassageisto________.A．tellkidswayshowtodealwithstressB．remindpeopleofthehappyoldtimesC．introducedifferentkindsofoutdooractivitiesD．encouragekidstospendmoretimeoutdoorsPassage8（2021·湖南·长沙市开福区青竹湖湘一外国语学校一模）Ifyouwalkthroughaparkinthemorning,youmightprobablyseepeoplepracticingaseriesofbeautifulmovementsperformedinaslow,focusedmannerwithdeepbreathing.Whilethismaybeacommonsightformany,taijiquanwasrecentlygivenworldwideattention.OnDec17,2020China’staijiquan(alsoknownastaichi)wasofficiallylistedontheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)ListofIntangibleCulturalHeritage(非物质文化遗产).TaichicandatebacktoWenxiancountryinHenanprovinceinthemid-17thcentury.Nowithasspreadtomorethan150countriesandareas,attractingmorethan100millionpeopletopractice.Taichicanbepracticedanytimeandanywherewithoutanytools.Itisapracticalwayforonetofurthercontrolandbalancethemovements.However,formany,itismorethanjustexercise.“Taichiisnotjustasporttomakepeoplefit,butalsoincludesChinesecultureandphilosophy(哲学)thatcanmakepeoplepeaceful,”YanShuangjun,aresearcheroftaichi,toldXinhua.MarleniCalcinafromPeruisanexampleofthemanypeoplewhohavegotalotfromTaichi.Shehaspracticedtaichiformorethan10years.Forher,it’sawayoflife.Taichihastaughtherthevalueof“goingslowly”.Sheoncefeltgreatstressatworkandinherlife,butthatbegantochangethankstotaichi,whichhelpedher“gainpeaceandinnerharmony(和谐)”,shetoldXinhuaNewsAgency.“Formenow,practicingtaichiislikespeakingwithmysoul.”TaichishowsthetraditionalChinesephilosophyofYin-Yangcycle,theunityofheavenandman.Thesuccessofapplying(申请)fortheworldheritagewillmakemorepeopleunderstand,loveandspreadTaichi,thatitcannotonlyservemorepeople’shealthandsocialharmoniousdevelopmentbutalsostrengthenChinesepeople’sculturalconfidenceandtheinternationalculturalexchanges.30．Peopleneedto________whenpracticingtaichi.A．holdtheirbreath B．stayinaspecialplace C．focusonthemovements31．WhatdoesthewritermainlywanttotellusinParagraph2?A．Thepopularityoftaichiandwhatkindofsportitis.B．ThehistoryoftaichiinChinaandhowpeoplemasterit.C．TaichicanbringusknowledgeaboutChinesecultureandphilosophy.32．TheexampleofMarleniCalcinaisusedto________.A．warnpeopletogoslowlyintheirdailylivesB．tellusthatmanypeopleintheworldliketaichiC．introducetheadvantagesthatpracticingtaichicanbringus33．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．Taichihasalonghistoryofmorethan400years.B．Thesuccessofapplyingfortheworldheritagewillhelpspreadtaichi.C．Taichinotonlykeepspeoplehealthybutalsomakesoursocietymoreharmonious.34．Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A．Aneducationmagazine. B．Aculturalwebsite. C．Aresearchreport.PAGE14PAGE15参考答案1．B2．D3．A4．C5．B【分析】本文介绍了英国大学里的一些极限运动：水中曲棍球，滑雪和滑板滑雪，滑板运动以及定点跳伞。1．推理判断题。根据“Anyonewhoisabletoswimcanplay.”可知，如果一个学生想要参加水中曲棍球，他或她应该会游泳，故选B。2．细节理解题。根据“Forexample,Brumski&BoardClubofBirminghamUniversityhasrunfor30yearsandhasabout500members.”可知，Brumski&Board俱乐部有大约500个成员，故选D。3．推理判断题。根据“ALongboardistwoorthreefeetlongerthanausualskateboardandhasawiderwheelbase.”可知，长板比普通的滑板长2或3英尺，有更宽的轮子底座，所以普通的滑板比长板短，故选A。4．细节理解题。根据“TheUniversityofLincolnoffersBASEjumping.”可知，林肯大学提供定点跳伞，故选C。5．推理判断题。根据“NearlyeveryuniversityintheUKhasaskiingandsnowboardingclub.”可知，几乎英国的每一所大学有滑雪和滑板滑雪俱乐部，因此在英国大学最普遍的运动是滑板滑雪运动，故选B。6．A7．D8．A9．C10．D【分析】本文是对夏天保健的建议：一是恰当饮食，多吃蔬菜、水果，鱼类；多喝水；二是保持活跃，保持凉爽；积极锻炼，注意防晒。6．细节理解题。根据“eatanddrinkproperly”和“stayactiveandcool”可知，本文给了两个方面的建议。故选A。7．推理判断题。根据第三段最后的句子“Trynottodrinktoomanyenergydrinks,sportsdrinksandsodadrinkswhichhavelotsofsugarandcaffeine（咖啡因）inthem”可知，在热天喝运动饮料没有好处。故选D。8．词义猜测题。本句表示五颜六色的水果使我们大饱眼福。眼睛看着舒服。所以划线单词表示“使……愉悦”。故选A。9．推理判断题。由第三段“Waterhaszerocalories(卡路里)andistheperfectdrinktostopyourthirst(口渴).Trynottodrinktoomanyenergydrinks,sportsdrinksandsodadrinkswhichhavelotsofsugarandcaffeine(咖啡因)inthem.”可知，水是最好的饮料。C错。故选C。10．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是在夏天如何保持健康。故选D。11．B12．C13．B14．D15．A【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何减少压力的方法。11．细节理解题。根据“Overworkisoneofthemainreasonswhysomanystudentsfeeltiredandstressed.”可知，过度工作是导致许多学生感到疲劳和压力的主要原因之一。故选B。12．细节理解题。根据“Gettingenoughsleepwillhelpyoukeepyourbodyandmindinthebestform.”可知，获得充足的睡眠能帮助你保持身体和精神的最佳状态。故选C。13．细节理解题。根据“SomepeopleareoptimisticwhileothersnotChooseoptimisticpeopleasyourfriendsandspendmoretimewiththem.Thenyou’llbeashappyasthem.”可知，花更多的时间和乐观的人在一起，那么你就会像他们一样快乐。故选B。14．细节理解题。根据“Next,learntokeepcalmwhenyoufaceproblems.”可知，面对问题时，要学会冷静。故选D。15．细节理解题。根据“Suchasreducing（减少）someofthejobsyoudoeachday.；Secondly,getagoodnight’ssleep.；Next,exerciseoftenandeathealthily.；Anotherwayisgettingtoknowpleasantpeople.；Next,learntokeepcalmwhenyoufaceproblems.；Finally,haveahappyattitude.”可知，有6种方法来放松。故选A。16．C17．A18．C19．D【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了徒步旅行可以让我们享受自然，但是有些事情我们必须注意。16．细节理解题。根据“Theycanalsoenjoybeautifulnature,playwithfriendsorfamily”可知，因为喜欢自然景色，故选C。17．细节理解题。根据“gowiththepeopleyoulike”可知，作者建议和喜欢的人一起去旅行，不是和不同的人一起去旅行。故选A。18．细节理解题。根据“Forme,Iwouldliketogotothebeachforahike”可知，作者可能会去海边徒步旅行。故选C。19．细节理解题。根据“First”“Second”“Third”及“Lastly”可知，去快乐徒步应该注意四点。故选D。20．B21．C22．A【分析】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一个篮球冬令营的相关信息，包括时间、费用等。20．细节理解题。根据“Lunchesarenotincluded.”可知午餐是不包括在内的。故选B。21．推理判断题。根据“Joinusandexperiencethefunofsports.”可知文章介绍这个篮球冬令营的信息，是为了吸引孩子们加入。故选C。22．推理判断题。根据文章的内容可知，介绍的是篮球冬令营，所以应是出自运动板块。故选A。23．B24．A25．C【分析】本文是说明文，主要介绍不同的人有不同的放松方式，指出是否喜欢室内娱乐或参加室外运动并不重