【期末考点精练】专题18-人教新目标版八下模拟试卷（解析版）重庆

【期末考点精练】专题18人教新目标版八下模拟试卷（解析版）（重庆)一．单项选择。(每小题1分，共10分)1.Johnis_________honestboy.Heistellingthetruth. A.a B.an C.the D.\【答案】B【解析】句意为：John是个诚实的男孩，他在讲真话。考查冠词用法。根据句意，应该用不定冠词表示泛指，而单词honest是元音音素/ɒ/开头，不定冠词要用an。因此选B。2.Manypeoplethinkthegovernmentshouldprovidefoodandwater_________thehomeless. A.for B.with C.toD.of【答案】A【解析】句意为：许多人认为政府应该给无家可归的人提供水和食物。考查动词固定搭配。provide意为“提供”，有providesth.forsb.或者providesb.withsth.两种搭配，而thehomeless，表示无家可归的一类人，所以介词要用for，因此选A。3.Weshouldn’tonlythinkabout_________sinceweareinateam. A.us B.ours C.our D.ourselves【答案】C【解析】句意为：我们不应该只考虑自己，因为我们在一个团队中。考查代词词意。us意为“我们”，ours意为“我们的”，ourselves意为“我们自己”，反身代词ourselves更符合句意，因此选D。4.--Weneedtomakeanoticetoaskpeopletoprotecttheenvironment.--Thatsoundsgood.Icanhelpyouto_________them_________onthebulletinboard.A.hand...out B.fix...up C.put...upD.cheer...up【答案】C【解析】句意为：——我们需要制作通告来呼吁人们保护环境。——听起来不错，我可以帮你把它们张贴在布告栏上。考查动词短语。hand…out意为“分发”，fix…up意为“修理”，put…up意思是“张贴”，由于后面出现了布告栏bulletinboard，因此选C。5.--Mum,couldIbuythisiPad?--Sorry,it’stooexpensive.Butwecanbuy_________one,andIthinkitisasgoodasthisone.A.acheap B.acheaper C.thecheapestD.cheapest【答案】B【解析】句意为：——妈妈，我可以买这个ipad吗？——抱歉，它太贵了，我们可以买个更便宜点的，我认为它会和iPad一样好。考查形容词比较级。根据句意，两者之间用比较级，acheaperone泛指比iPad更便宜点的设备，因此选B。6.--Didyouseeayoungmanwithglassespassby?--Sorry,I_________withmyfriend.talked B.amtalking C.wastalkingD.talks【答案】C【解析】句意为：——你看到过一个戴眼镜的年轻男子经过吗？——抱歉，我刚刚正和朋友聊天。考查动词时态。表示过去某一时刻正在发生的事情，用过去进行时，结构为was/were+现在分词，因此选C。7.Ofalltheclassicshere.I_________likeCinderella,I’vereaditacoupleoftimes. A.mostly B.simply C.especially D.nearly【答案】C【解析】句意为：在所有的经典名著当中，我尤其喜欢《灰姑娘》，我已经读过好几遍了。考查副词词意。mostly意为“主要地”，语意不通顺；simply意为“仅仅”，太过绝对；especially意为“尤其；特别地”，符合句意，因此选C。8.Thepandaswereeatingbamboo_________theirkeeperscameintothecage.A.while B.when C.after D.before【答案】B【解析】句意为：当饲养员进笼子的时候，熊猫们正在吃竹子。考查时间状语从句。同样表示“当……时”，when引导的时间状语从句中，动词可以是瞬间动词或延续性动词，while从句中只能用延续性动词，come是瞬间动词，因此选B。9.I_________thetworeportscarefullyandfoundthemalmostthesame.A.compared B.collected C.competed D.communicate【答案】A【解析】句意为：我仔细地对比了两篇报道，发现它们几乎一样。考查动词词意。compare意为“比较”，collect意为“收集”，compete意为“竞争”，“我”发现了两篇报道的相似性，说明认真地比较过，因此选A。10.--I’vebeentothenaturemuseuminBeijingafewtimes.--_____Itisagreatplace.SodoI. B.SohaveI. C.NeitherhaveI.D.NeitherdoI【答案】B【解析】句意为：——我已经去过北京自然博物馆好几次了。——我也去过。它是个好地方。考查倒装句。根据句意，此处要表示跟前句的情况一样，可用倒装句So+助动词+主语，意为“…也…”，前句的助动词是have，因此选B。二．完形填空。根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 It’sreportedthatmoreandmorestudentshaveproblemswiththeirmindsnow.Somestudentsbecomeworriedbecausetheyhavetostudyvery1.Othershavetroublegettingonwellwithpeopleliketheirparentsandclassmates. AstudentofGrade8couldnotunderstandhisteacherandwasalwaysdoing2

inhislessons.Hebecamesoworriedaboutitthathe3

tocuthisfingerwithaknife. Anotherstudentwasafraidof4.Shegotverynervous5

shelookedattheexampaper,andshecouldwritenothing.Areportsaysthat18%ofShanghaistudentshavemental(心理的)problems.Theirtroublesincludebeingworriedand6,havingproblemsinlearningandgettingonwithpeople.Manystudentswhohaveproblemswon’taskfor7.Somethinktheywilllookstupidiftheygotoseeadoctor.Othersdon’twanttotalk8

theirsecrets. Afamousexpertonstudentshasthefollowing9: Talktoyourparentsandteachersoften. Takepartingroupactivitiesandplaysports. Gotoseeadoctorifyoufeelunhappy10

unwell(不好).1.A.hardly B.hard C.easily D.easy2.A.badly B.worse C.well D.better3.A.refused B.stopped C.forgot D.started4.A.friends B.exams C.doctors D.books5.A.why B.what C.where D.assoonas6.A.unhappy B.lucky C.happy D.unlucky7.A.success B.chance C.help D.dream8.A.to B.with C.about D.in9.A.suggestion B.advise C.advices D.suggestions10.A.as B.or C.but D.so【答案】B【解析】句意：一些学生变得焦虑，因为他们必须非常努力地学习。A副词，几乎不，B副词，努力，C副词，容易地，D形容词，容易的，副词修饰动词study，studyhard，努力学习，故选B。

2.【答案】A【解析】句意：一个八年级的学生听不懂他老师讲的内容，总是在课上做得很糟糕。A糟糕地，B更差，比较级，C好地，D更好，比较级，此处无需比较，根据Hebecamesoworriedaboutit可知焦虑是因为做得不好，故选A。

3.【答案】D【解析】句意：他变得如此焦虑，以至于用刀割破了手指。A拒绝，B阻止，C忘记，D开始，根据soworriedaboutitthat可知是结果状语从句，故是导致的结果是开始不理智的行为，故选D。

4.【答案】B【解析】句意：另一个学生害怕考试。A朋友，B考试，C医生，D书，根据

lookedattheexampaper可知是考试，故选B。

5.【答案】D【解析】句意：她看到试卷，就紧张得什么也写不出来。A为什么，B什么，C哪里，D一就，引导时间状语从句，此处表示时间，故是时间状语从句，故选D。

6.【答案】A【解析】句意：他们的问题包括焦虑和不开心，在学习和与人相处方面有问题。A不开心的，B幸运的，C开心的，D不幸运的，根据worriedand可知此处是表示负面心情的形容词，故选A。

7.【答案】C【解析】句意：多有问题的学生不会去寻求帮助。A成功，B机会，C帮助，D梦想，根据haveproblems可知有问题就要寻求帮助，故选C。

8.【答案】C【解析】句意：其他人不想谈论他们的秘密。根据secrets可知秘密是谈论的，talkabout，固定搭配，谈论，故选C。

9.【答案】D【解析】句意：一位著名的学生专家有以下几点建议。A建议，名词单数，B建议，不可数名词，D建议，名词复数，根据下列三项都是建议可知是名词复数，故选D。

10.【答案】B【解析】句意：如果你不开心或不舒服，就去看医生。A作为，B或者，C但是，D所以，根据unhappy和unwell，可知表示并列关系，故用or，故选B。

六、阅读理解。(共35分)AIllegal(违法的)drivingisreallydangerous.Itmaycausetrafficaccidents,evendeaths.It’sreportedthatthousandsofpeoplediefromillegaldrivingeachyear.Manycountriesaretryingtheirbesttocontrolit.France,forexample,hasmadesomestrictrulesandlawstostopit.Peoplearewarnednottoeatwhiledriving.Anydriverwhoiscaughteatingwhileatthewheelwillbestoppedbythepolice.Thenhewillbefinedupto￡50forit.

Driversarenotallowedtoreadamap,makeaphonecallorlistentoveryloudmusicwhiledriving.Besides,itisagainsttherulesforthemotoriststouseanykindofearphones.Thingschangeeasilyontheroad.Driversneverknowwhatwillhappennext.FromJuly2on,itwillbeillegaltosmokewhenthereisachildaged12orunderinthecar.Smokingisalsobanned(禁止)outdoorsatchildren’splayareas,includingthoseatmotorwayrestareas.Noticesinseverallanguageshavebeenputupatmotorwayservicestationstowarnforeignvisitorsoftherules.Drivingafterdrinkingcanputpeopleindanger.Allthedriversareaskedtocarryalcoholbreathtestequipment(酒精测试仪)intheircars.Anyonewhobreakstherulewillbepunished.1.Theunderlinedwords“befined”hereprobablymean“”.

A.paymoneyasapunishmentB.getmoneyasaprizeC.findmoneyD.makemoney2.Howcanforeignvisitorsknowtherulesagainstsmoking?A.Byreadingthenewspaper.B.Byreadingthenotices.C.Byaskingthelocalpeople.D.Bylisteningtotheradio.3.ThewriterwritesthearticletoinFrance.

A.introducetherulesandlawsagainstillegaldrivingB.discusstherulesagainstdrivingafterdrinkingC.telldriversnottomakeaphonecallwhiledrivingD.talkabouttrafficaccidents1.【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。规定司机开车时不能吃东西。结合前一句及后面的￡50可知,此处表示“罚款”,故选A项。【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句可知选B。【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题。文章介绍了法国防止违法驾驶的法律法规,故选A项。BSomeAdviceonTravelling Forgetfashion(时尚)!Alwayswearyourmostcomfortableclotheswhengoingonlongjourneys(旅行). Travelingontrainsandbusescanbeboring,sotakeagoodbooktoread. Ifyou’regoingsomewherecold,remembertoputonyourwarmclothes! Ifyouaregoingsomewheresunny,remembertobringyoursun-block(防晒霜)andsunglasses. Alwaystakeacamerawithyoutocapturethosespecialmoments. Becarefulwithyourthingswheneveryougotoabusyplace,likeatrainstation.Therearemanythievesthere! Mostcountrieshavelowerpricesforstudents,soifyouareastudent,takeyourstudentcardwithyou. Bustoursoftenstopatexpensiveshopsalongtheway,saveyourmoneybybuyingpresentsatlocalshops. Ifyoutravelabroad(国外),remembertotakeyourpassport.Whateveryoudo,don’tloseit!1.IfyougotoHainanIslandforatripinsummer,youshouldtake____withyou.A.

warmclothesandsportsshoes B.

sunglassesandsun-block

C.

fashionable(时尚的)clothesandabigbag D.

somefruitanddrinks2.Accordingtothepassage,____isagoodwaytokeepawayfromboredom(单调)whileyou’reonatrainorabus.A.

takingacamera

B.

listeningtomusic

C.

readingagoodbook

D.

sleepingforsometime3.Youmustalways____whileyouareatbusyplacesbecausethereareoftenthievesthere.A.

putyourthingsaway

B.

lookafteryourthingswell

C.

giveyourthingsaway

D.

getyourthingsready4.Theunderlinedword“capture”inthispassagemeans____.A.

拍摄 B.

感受 C.

抓住 D.

控制1.【答案】B【解析】推理题。根据

Ifyouaregoingsomewheresunny,remembertobringyoursun-block(防晒霜)andsunglasses如果你要去阳光明媚的地方，记得带上防晒霜和太阳镜，可知如果你夏天去海南岛旅游，记得带上防晒霜和太阳镜，故选B。

2.【答案】C【解析】细节题。根据Travelingontrainsandbusescanbeboring,sotakeagoodbooktoread可知，当你在火车上或公共汽车上时，读一本好书是远离无聊的好方法

，故选C。

3.【答案】B【解析】细节题。根据Becarefulwithyourthingswheneveryougotoabusyplace,likeatrainstation.Therearemanythievesthere可知，当你在人多的地方时，你必须总是好好照看你的东西，因为那里经常有小偷，故选B。

4.【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。根据Alwaystakeacamerawithyouto

capture

thosespecialmoments可知带照相机的目的是拍摄美景，故capture是拍摄的意思，故选A。

C Whowantstoeatfoodthatisthrownawayaswaste?Believeitornot,that’sexactlywhatworldleadersdidatalunchheldbytheUnitedNationsin2015.Duringthemeal,theworldleadersenjoyeddisheslikesaladsandburgersmadewiththrown-awayvegetablesandfruits.ChefDanBarber,whohelpedcreatethemeal,hopedthattheexperiencewouldmaketheleaderspaymoreattentiontotheissueoffoodwaste.Itisahugeproblem.OneoutofninepeopleonEarthdoesnotgetenoughfood.Yeteveryyearoveronethirdofthefoodproducedworldwidegoestowaste!Whyissomuchfoodwasted?Firstly,foodisoftenthrownawaybeforeitreachescustomersbecausetoomuchofitisproduced,orbecauseitisnotkeptproperlyinfarms.Secondly,shopsandsupermarketsusuallythrowawayunsoldfood.Finally,customersoftenbuymorefoodthantheyneed,soalotofuneatenfoodiswasted.Howcanyouwastelessfood?Wheneatingout,youmayaskforlessfoodandtakehomewhatisleft.Visitfastfoodrestaurantslessoften,sincetheyareusuallymorewasteful.Encourageyourfavoriterestaurantstogiveunsoldfoodtofoodbanks.Youcanalsowastelessfoodathome.Usesmallerricebowlssothatyouservelessrice.Encouragefamilymemberstouseunfinishedricetomakericepuddings.Tellfamilymemberstomakeashoppinglistandbuyonlywhatisonthelistwhenshoppingforfood.Foodwasteisagrowingproblemandwe,eitherfarmersorfoodsellersorcustomers,musttakethisproblemmoreseriouslyanddowhatwecantohelp.1.WhatdidworldleadersdoatalunchheldbytheUnitedNationsin2015?A.Theythrewawayfoodaswasteduringthemeal.B.Theymadedisheswithwastevegetablesandfruits.C.Theyatefoodmadewithwastevegetablesandfruits.D.TheyhelpedChefDanBarbercreatethespecialmeal.2.Theunderlinedword“issue”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto.

A.result B.problemC.cause D.beginning3.ThewriterorganizesParagraph4byaskingaquestionand.

A.givingexamples B.usingnumbersC.listingreasons D.tellingastory4.Whichwayofwastinglessfoodismentionedinthepassage?A.Buyingunsoldfoodfromsupermarkets.B.Keepingfoodproperlyinafridge.C.Usingsmallerricebowlswheneatingout.D.Askingforlessfoodinrestaurants.1.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。题干句意:2015年世界领导人在由联合国举办的午宴上做了什么?由第一段中“Whowantstoeatfoodthatisthrownawayaswaste?...that’sexactlywhatworldleadersdid...”可知。2.【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。result结果;problem问题;cause原因;beginning开端。根据第二段,厨师DanBarber希望通过这次经历让领导人更多地关注食物浪费这个issue,结合下文中“Itisahugeproblem.”可知,答案选择B项。3.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。第四段的首句是一个特殊疑问句。而后通过Firstly,Secondly和Finally三个方面进行了回答。因此答案为C项。4.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。题干句意:哪一条是文章中提到的减少食物浪费的方法?根据第五段中“Wheneatingout,youmayaskforlessfood...”可知。D Americansthinkmuchabouttime.Fromchildhood,theylearntovalue(珍视)time.Theyaretaughttobeontimetogotoschool,toworkandtodoeverythinginAmerica.Forexample,whentheyarehavingagoodtime,theysaythattimegoeseasily.Whenapersonisdying,theysayheislivingonaborrowedtime. ForAmericans,timeismoney.Timeisalsoknowledge(知识).TimeiseverythinginAmerica.AworkingAmericanhastoworkforeighthoursadayorfortyhoursaweek.Thisistheworkingtime.Inhisfreetime,healsoworkshardformoremoney.EvenonSaturdayandSundayhealsoworkshardasusual.Inthestreetyoucanhardlyseeamanwalkingslowly.Theywalkveryfast.Infact,theyarerunning. Theylovetimebecausetimecanbringthemmoneyandlotsofthings.Butsometimes,theyalsohatetime,becausetheyfeeltheyhavebecomeservantsofthetime.1.WhatdotheAmericansmeanby"Timeismoney"?A.

It’snoteasytomakemoney.

B.

Ittakesquitealotoftimetomakemoney.

C.

Workinghardcanbringpeoplehealth.

D.

Ifsomeonehastimeandworkshard,hecanmakemuchmoney.2.Americansthinkitwrong_______.A.

toworkhard

B.

togetupearly

C.

tobelateforschool

D.

tobeontimetodoeverything3.Thispassagesaysthatadyingperson_______.A.

ishavingagoodtime.

B.

islivingonaborrowedtime.

C.

thinkstimegoeseasily.

D.

issavingtime.4.Thebesttitleofthispassageshouldbe_______.A.

Americans’IdeasAboutTime

B.

NeverWasteTime

C.

TimeisMoney

D.

LearntoBeonTime

1.【答案】D【解析】推理题。根据下文AworkingAmericanhastoworkhardforeighthoursadayorfortyhoursaweek.

Thisistheworkingtime.Inhisfreetime,healsoworkshardformoremoney一个工作的美国人必须一天工作八小时或一周工作四十小时。这是工作时间。在空闲时间，他也努力工作以赚更多的钱，可知Timeismoney的意思是如果有人有时间并且努力工作，他可以赚很多钱，故选D。

2.【答案】C【解析】细节题。据第一段Theyaretaughttobeontimetogotoschool,可知美国人认为上学迟到是错误的，故选C。

3.【答案】B【解析】细节题。根据第一段Whenapersonisdying,

theysayheislivingonaborrowedtime，可知一个垂死的人生活在借来的时间里，故选B。

4.【答案】A【解析】主旨题。根据这篇短文主要介绍了美国人的时间观念可知，

Americans’IdeasAboutTime美国人对时间的看法适合做标题，故选A。

EGardeningispopularinmanypartsoftheworld.Itbringsussweetsmellingflowers,freshfruitandvegetables.Butyoucangetmorefromyourgarden.Gardeninghelpstokeephealthy.Today’speoplesitindoorsfortoolonganddon’tgetmuchexercise.Whenyougarden,youhavetomovearound.It’sagoodchanceforyoutoexerciseyourbodybywateringflowersordoingsomedigging.Besides,whenyouareinyourgarden,youcanfeelthewarmsunshine.ThismeansyouaregettingVitaminD.Ithelpsyourbodiesusecalcium(钙),whichisnecessarytokeepyourbones(骨骼)strong.3Itgetsthemoffcomputers,televisionsandphones.Gardeningcanbeagreatteachertoteachchildrenaboutnatureandhealthyeating.Itcanalsohelpthemtounderstandthemeaningof“Nopains,nogains.”

Gardeningisagreatwaytomeetpeopleandbuildrelationships.Whenyouaregardening,youareoutdoors.Soitisaperfecttimetocommunicatewithyourneighbors.Mostpeoplelovetotalkabouttheirhobbies,andsodogardeners.Theyusuallyenjoyshowingpeoplewhattheyaregrowing.Andmostenjoysharingadviceandstoriesabouttheirgardens.1.Whenit’s,youcangetVitaminDinyourgarden.

A.sunny B.cloudy C.snowy D.rainy2.Accordingtothepassage,isoneofthegardeningactivities.

A.watchingTV B.wateringflowersC.walkingdogs D.playingwithphones3.WhichofthefollowingcanbethemissingpartinParagraph3?A.Gardeningwillbegoodforyourbones.B.Gardeningmayhelppeopletofeelhappy.C.Gardeningisagreatactivitytodowithchildren.D.Gardeningcanbeagoodwaytomeetneighbors.4.Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe“”.

A.OutdoorActivitiesB.AdvantagesofGardeningC.HealthyEatingHabitsD.RelationshipswithNeighbors1.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第五、六句Besides,whenyouareinyourgarden,youcanfeelthewarmsunshine.ThismeansyouaregettingVitaminD.可知选A。2.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第四句中的It’sagoodchanceforyoutoexerciseyourbodybywateringflowers可知选B。3.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。通读第三段内容可知,该段讲的是园艺工作对孩子的益处,故选C。4.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段内容及之后每段的首句可知,文章主要讲述做园艺工作的好处,故选B。

四.口语运用。(每小题1分，共5分)阅读下面对话，从方框内7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话。A.Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?B.Ihadnotenoughtimetosleep.C.Icangettoschoolontime.D.Yourwholedaywillbefunafteryouenjoyagoodbreakfast.E.Thankyouverymuch.F.Idon’teatanythinginthemorning.G.Youjustwanttosleepalittlelonger.A：KangKang!It’stimetogetup,oryou’llbelate!B：Don’tworry,Mum.________A：How?Withsolittletime!B：Youknow,sometimes________A：Butagoodbreakfastisveryimportant,soyoushouldhavebreakfastontime.B：Mom,lastnightIhadsomuchhomeworktodothat________

A：Isee________

Butitdoesn’ttakeyoumuchtimetohavebreakfast.B：OK,Mom.I’mcoming.A：KangKang,havingbreakfastontimecanhelpyoutostudybetterandplaymorehappily.________

B:Iknow,Mom.Thankyou.It’stimetogo.Bye-bye.A:Bye.【答案】C【解析】根据Don’tworry被担心，可知应是，Icangettoschoolontime.我可以准时到达学校，表示别担心的理由，故选C。

2.【答案】F【解析】根据Butagoodbreakfastisveryimportant，可知应是，Idon’teatanythinginthemorning.我早上什么也不吃，故选F。

3.【答案】B【解析】根据lastnightIhadsomuchhomeworktodothat昨晚我有这么多作业要做，可知应是，Ihadnotenoughtimetosleep.我没有足够的时间睡觉，表示结果，故选B。

4.【答案】G【解析】根据Ihadnotenoughtimetosleep.我没有足够的时间睡觉，可知应是，Youjustwanttosleepalittlelonger.你只是想多睡一会，呼应睡眠不足，故选G。

5.【答案】D【解析】根据havingbreakfastontimecanhelpyoutostudybetterandplaymorehappily按时吃早餐可以帮助你学习得更好，玩得更开心，可知应是，Yourwholedaywillbefunafteryouenjoyagoodbreakfast.在你享用了一顿丰盛的早餐后，你的一整天将会很有趣，都是吃早餐的好处，故选D。

五、任务型阅读(共8分) Nowadays,readingisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant,soteachersalwaysencourage(鼓励)theirstudentstoreadmorefamousworklikeTheLittlePrince,Charlotte’sWebandTheMiraculousJourneyofEdwardTulaneandsoon. Amongthem,thestudentslikeCharlotte’sWebbest.It’swrittenbyAmericanauthorE.B.White.ThenoveltellsastoryofapignamedWilburandhisfriendshipwithaspidernamedCharlotteonafarm.WhenWilburisindangerofbeingkilledforhismeatbythefarmer,Charlottewritesamessagetopraise（表扬）Wilburinherwebandsaveshim.Wilburbecomesfamousinthevillageandheissafeintheend.Whenitcameoutin1952,thebookwaswelcomedbyadultsandchildren.Andit’sstillverypopulartoday.Whatisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant?Howmanybooksarementioned(提到)inthepassage?HowdoesCharlottessaveWilbur?Doyoulikereading?Whyorwhynot?【答案】1.Reading.

2.3/Three.

3.CharlottewritesamessagetopraiseWilburinherwebandsaveshim.

4.言之有理即可。六、完成句子。根据所给提示，完成句子。每空一词，含缩略词。(每空1分，共10分)1.Theywillhavea