2020-2021年英语六级考试真题与答案(第三套)

英语六级考试真题试卷（第3套）PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonthesaying"Ifyoucannotdogreatthings,dosmallthingsinagreatway."Youcanciteexamplestoillustrateyourpointofview.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionA注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。1.A)ThemanmightbeabletoplayintheWorldCup.B)Theman'sfootballcareerseemstobeatanend.C)Themanwasoperatedonafewweeksago.D)Themanisafanofworld-famousfootballplayers.2.A)Workoutaplantotightenhisbudget.B)Findouttheopeninghoursofthecafeteria.C)Applyforaseniorpositionintherestaurant.D)Solvehisproblembydoingapart-timejob.3.A)Afinancialburden.B)Agoodcompanion.C)Arealnuisance.D)Awell-trainedpet.4.A)Theerrorswillbecorrectedsoon.B)Thewomanwasmistakenherself.C)Thecomputingsystemistoocomplex.D)Hehascalledthewomanseveraltimes.5.A)Heneedshelptoretrievehisfiles.B)Hehastotypehispaperoncemore.C)Heneedssometimetopolishhispaper.D)Hewillbeawayforatwo-weekconference.6.A)Theymighthavetochangetheirplan.B)Hehasgoteverythingsetfortheirtrip.C)Hehasaheavierworkloadthanthewoman.D)TheycouldstayinthemountainsuntilJune8.7.A)Theyhavetowaitamonthtoapplyforastudentloan.B)Theycanfindtheapplicationformsinthebrochure.C)Theyarenoteligibleforastudentloan.D)Theyarenotlateforaloanapplication.8.A)Newlawsareyettobemadetoreducepollutantrelease.欢迎下载B)Pollutionhasattractedlittleattentionfromthepublic.C)Thequalityofairwillsurelychangeforthebetter.D)It'lltakeyearstobringairpollutionundercontrol.Questions9to12arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9.A)Enormoussizeofitsstores.B)Numerousvarietiesoffood.C)Itsappealingsurroundings.D)Itsrichandcolorfulhistory.10.A)Anancientbuilding.B)Aworldofantiques.C)AnEgyptianmuseum.D)AnEgyptianmemorial.11.A)Itspowerbillreachesf9millionayear.B)Itsellsthousandsoflightbulbsaday.C)Itsuppliespowertoanearbytown.D)Itgenerates70%oftheelectricityituses.12.A)11,500.B)30,000.C)250,000.D)300,000.Questions13to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.13.A)Transferringtoanotherdepartment.B)Studyingaccountingatauniversity.C)Thinkingaboutdoingadifferentjob.D)Makingpreparationsforherwedding.14.A)Shehasfinallygotapromotionandapayraise.B)Shehasgotasatisfactoryjobinanothercompany.C)Shecouldatlastleavetheaccountingdepartment.D)Shemanagedtokeepherpositioninthecompany.15.A)HeandAndreahaveprovedtobeaperfectmatch.B)Hechangedhismindaboutmarriageunexpectedly.C)Hedeclaredthathewouldremainsingleallhislife.D)HewouldmarryAndreaevenwithoutmeetingher.SectionBPassageOneQuestions16to19arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.16.A)Theyaremotorcyclesdesignatedforwatersports.B)Theyarespeedyboatsrestrictedinnarrowwaterways.C)Theyarebecominganefficientformofwatertransportation.D)Theyaregettingmorepopularasameansofwaterrecreation.欢迎下载bedone,ifwe'reto__26__asacountry.Icertainlydon'tknowwhattheanswerstoourproblemsare.Thingscertainlyget__27__inahurrywhenyougetintothem,butIwonderifsomethingcouldn'tbedonetodealwithsomeoftheseproblems.OnethingI'mconcernedaboutisourpracticeofputting__28__injailwhohaven'tharmedanyone.Whynotworkoutsomesystemwherebytheycanpaybackthedebtstheyowesocietyinsteadof__29__anotherdebtbygoingtoprisonand,ofcourse,coming__30__hardenedcriminals.I'malsoconcernedabouttheshortprisonsentencespeopleare__31__seriouscrimes.Ofcourseonealternativetothisisto__32__capitalpunishment,butI'mnotsureIwouldbeforthat.I'mnotsureit'srighttotakeaneyeforaneye.Thealternativetocapitalpunishmentislongersentences,buttheywouldcertainlycostthetaxpayersmuchmoney.Ialsothinkwemustdosomethingabouttheinsanity__33__Inmyopinion,anyonewhotakesanotherperson'slife__34__isinsane,however,thatdoesnotmeanthatthepersonisn'tguiltyofthecrime,orthatheshouldn'tpaysocietythedebtheowes.It'ssad,ofcourse,thatapersonmayhavetospendtherestofhislife,oralargepartofitinprisonforactsthathe__35__whilenotinfullcontrolofthismind.PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Travelwebsiteshavebeenaroundsincethe1990s,whenExpedia,Travelocity,andotherholidaybookingsiteswerelaunched,allowingtravelerstocompareflightandhotelpriceswiththeclickofamouse.Withinformationnolonger__36__bytravelagentsorhiddeninbusinessnetworks,thetravelindustrywasrevolutionized,asgreatertransparencyhelped__37__prices.Today,theindustryisgoingthroughanewrevolution-thistimetransformingservicequality.Onlineratingplatforms-__38__inhotels,restaurants,apartments,andtaxis-allowtravelerstoexchangereviewsandexperiencesforalltosee.Hospitalitybusinessesarenowranked,analyzed,andcomparednotbyindustry__39__,butbytheverypeopleforwhomtheserviceisintended-thecustomer.Thishas__40__anewrelationshipbetweenbuyerandseller.Customershavealwaysvotedwiththeirfeet;theycannowexplaintheirdecisiontoanyonewhoisinterested.Asaresult,businessesaremuchmore__41__,ofteninveryspecificways,whichcreatespowerful__42__toimproveservice.Althoughsomereadersmightnotcareforgossipyreportsofunfriendlybellboys(行李员)inBerlinormalfunctioninghotelhairdryersinHouston,thetruepowerofonlinereviewsliesnotjustintheindividualstories,butinthewebsites'__43__toaggregatealargevolumeofratings.Theimpactcannotbe__44__.Businessesthatattracttopratingscanenjoyrapidgrowth,asnew欢迎下载customersareattractedbygoodreviewsand__45__provideyetmorepositivefeedback.Sogreatistheinfluenceofonlineratingsthatmanycompaniesnowhiredigitalreputationmanagerstoensureafavorableonlineidentity.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A)accountableB)capacityC)controlledD)entailE)forgedF)incentivesG)occasionallyH)overstatedI)persistingJ)pessimisticK)professionalsL)slashM)specializingN)spectatorsO)subsequentlySectionBPlasticSurgeryAbettercreditcardisthesolutiontoeverlargerhackattacksA)Athinmagneticstrip(magstripe)isallthatstandsbetweenyourcredit-cardinformationandthebadguys.Andthey'vebeenworkinghardtobreakin.That'swhy2014isshapingupasamajorshowdown:banks,lawenforcementandtechnologycompaniesarealltryingtostopanetworkofhackerswhoaresucceedinginstealingaccountnumbers,names,emailaddressesandothercrucialdatausedinidentitytheft.Morethan100millionaccountsatTarget,NeimanMarcusandMichaelsstoreswereaffectedinsomewayduringthemostrecentattacks,startinglastNovember.B)Swipe(刷卡)istheoperativeword:cardsareincreasinglyvulnerabletoattackswhenyoumakepurchasesinastore.Inseveralrecentincidents,hackershavebeenabletoobtainmassiveinformationofcredit-,debit-(借记)orprepaid-cardnumbersusingmalware,i.e.malicioussoftware,insertedsecretlyintotheretailers'point-of-salesystem-thecheckoutregisters.Hackersthensoldthedatatoasecondgroupofcriminalsoperatinginshadowycornersoftheweb.Notlongafter,thestolendatawasshowinguponfakecardsandbeingusedforonlinepurchases.C)Thesolutioncouldcostaslittleas$2extraforeverypieceofplasticissued.ThefixisasecuritytechnologyusedheavilyoutsidetheUS.WhileAmericancreditcardsusethe40-year-oldmagstripetechnologytoprocesstransactions,muchoftherestoftheworldusessmartercardswithatechnologycalledEMV(shortforEuropay,MasterCard,Visa)thatemploysachipembeddedinthecardplusacustomerPIN(personalidentificationnumber)toauthenticate(验证)everytransactiononthespot.IfapurchaserfailstopunchinthecorrectPINatthecheckout,thetransactiongetsrejected.(Onlinepurchasescanbemadebysettingupaseparatetransactioncode.)D)Whyhaven'tbigbanksadoptedthemoresecuretechnology?Whenitcomestomailingoutnewcreditcards,it'sallaboutrelativecosts,saysDavidRobertson,whorunstheNilsonReport,anindustrynewsletter."Thecostofthecard,puttingthestickeronit,codingtheaccountnumberandexpirationdate,embossing(凸印)it,thesmallenvelope-allputtogether,you'reinthedollarrange."Achip-and-PINcardcurrentlycostscloserto$3,saysRobertson,becauseofthepriceofchips.(Oncelargeissuersconverttogether,thechipcostsshoulddrop.)欢迎下载E)Multiply$3bythemorethan5billionmagstripecreditandprepaidcardsincirculationintheUS.Thenconsiderthatthere'sanestimated$12.4billionincardfraudonaglobalbasis,saysRobertson.With44%ofthatintheUS,Americancredit-cardfraudamountstoabout$5.5billionannually.CardissuershavesofarcalculatedthatabsorbingtheliabilityforevenbighacksliketheTargetoneisstillcheaperthanreplacingallthatplastic.F)ThatleavesAmericanretailersprettymuchalonetheworldoverinrelyingonmagstripetechnologytochargepurchases-andleavesconsumersvulnerable.Eachmagstripehasthreetracksofinformation,explainspaymentssecurityexpertJeremyGumbley,thechieftechnologyofficerofCreditCall,anelectronic-paymentscompany.Thefirstandthirdareusedbythebankorcardissuer.Yourvitalaccountinformationlivesonthesecondtrack,whichhackerstrytocapture."Malwareisscanningthroughthememoryinrealtimeandlookingfordata,"hesays."Itcreatesatextfilethatgetsstolen."G)Chip-and-PINcards,bycontrast,makefakecardsorskimmingimpossiblebecausetheinformationthatgetsscannedisencrypted(加密).ThehistoricalreasontheUShasstuckwithmagstripe,ironicallyenough,isoncesuperiortechnology.Ourcheap,ultra-reliablewirednetworksmadecredit-cardauthenticationoverthephonefrictionless.InFrance,cardcompaniescreatedEMVinpartbecausethetelephonemonopolywassomaddeninglyinefficientandexpensive.TheEMVsolutionallowedtransactionstobeverifiedlocallyandsecurely.H)Somebigbanks,likeWellsFargo,arenowofferingtoconvertyourmagstripecardtoachip-and-PINmodel.(It'sactuallyahybrid(混合体)thatwillstillhaveamagstripe,sincemostUSmerchantsdon'thaveEMVterminals.)Shouldyoutakethemuponit?Ifyoutravelinternationally,theanswerisyes.I)Keepinmind,too,thatcreditcardstypicallyhavebetterliabilityprotectionthandebitcards.Ifsomeoneusesyourcreditcardfraudulently(欺诈性地),it'stheissuerormerchant,notyou,thattakesthehit.Debitcardshavedifferentliabilitylimitsdependingonthebankandtheeventssurroundinganyfraud."Ifit'savailable,thelogicalthingistogetachip-and-PINcardfromyourbank,"saysEricAdamowsky,aco-founderofCreditCardlnsider.com."Iwouldusecreditcardsoverdebitcardsbecauseofliabilityissues."Cashstillworksprettywelltoo.J)Retailersandbanksstandtobenefitfromthelowerfraudlevelsofchip-and-PINcardsbuthavebeenreluctantforyearstoinvestinthenewinfrastructure(基础设施)neededforthetechnology,especiallyifconsumersdon'thaveaccesstoit.It'sachicken-and-eggproblem:noonewantstospendthemoneyonupgradedpoint-of-salesystemsthatcanreadthechipcardsifshoppersaren'tcarryingthem-yetthere'slittlepointinconsumers'carryingthefancyplasticifstoresaren'tequippedtousethem.(AnearliereffortbyTargettomovetochipandPINnevergainedprogress.)AccordingtoGumbley,there'sa"you-firstmentality.Thelogjam(僵局)hastobebroken."K)JPMorganChaseCEOJamieDimonrecentlyexpressedhiswillingnesstodoso,notingthatbanksandmerchantshavespentthepastdecadesuingeachotheroverinterchangefees-thepercentageofthetransactionpricetheykeep-ratherthandealwiththegrowinghackingproblem.欢迎下载Chaseoffersachip-enabledcardunderitsownbrandandseveralothersfortravel-relatedcompaniessuchasBritishAirwaysandRitz-Carlton.L)TheTargetandNeimanhackshavealsochangedthecostcalculation:althoughretailershavebeenreluctanttospendthe$6.75billionthatCapgeminiconsultantsestimateitwilltaketoconvertalltheirregisterstobechip-and-PIN-compatible,thepotentialliabilitytheynowfaceisdramaticallygreater.Targethasbeenhitwithclassactionsfromhackedconsumers."It'stheultimatenightmare,"aretailexecutivefromawell-knownchainadmittedtoTIME.M)Thecard-paymentcompaniesMasterCardandVisaarepushinghardforchange.Thetwofirmshavewarnedallpartiesinthetransactionchain-merchant,network,bank-thatiftheydon'tbecomeEMV-compliantbyOctober2015,thepartythatisleastcompliantwillbearthefraudrisk.N)Inthemeantime,app-equippedsmartphonesanddigitalwallets-allofwhichcanuseEMVtechnology-arebeginningtomakeinroads(侵袭)oncardsandcash.PayPal,forinstance,istestinganappthatletsyouuseyourmobilephonetopayontheflyatlocalmerchants-withoutsurrenderinganycardinformationtothem.Andfurtherdowntheroadisbiometricauthentication,whichcouldbeencryptedwith,say,afingerprint.O)Creditanddebitcards,though,aregoingtobewithusfortheforeseeablefuture,andsoarehackers,ifwestickwithmagstripetechnology."Itseemscrazytome,"saysGumbley,whoisEnglish,"thatacutting-edge-technologycountryisdependingona40-year-oldtechnology."That'swhyitmaybeuptoconsumerstomovetheneedleonchipandPIN.SaysRobertson:"Whenyougettheconsumerintoapositionofworryandinconvenience,that'swheretherubberhitstheroad."注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46.ItisbesttouseanEMVcardforinternationaltravel.47.Personalinformationoncreditanddebitcardsisincreasinglyvulnerabletohacking.48.TheFrenchcardcompaniesadoptedEMVtechnologypartlybecauseofinefficienttelephoneservice.49.WhilemanycountriesusethesmarterEMVcards,theUSstillclingstoitsoldmagstripetechnology.50.Attemptsarebeingmadetopreventhackersfromcarryingoutidentitytheft.51.Creditcardsaremuchsafertousethandebitcards.52.Bigbankshavebeenreluctanttoswitchtomoresecuretechnologybecauseofthehighercostsinvolved.53.Thepotentialliabilityforretailersusingmagstripeisfarmorecostlythanupgradingtheirregisters.54.TheuseofmagstripecardsbyAmericanretailersleavesconsumersexposedtotherisksoflosingaccountinformation.55.ConsumerswillbeadrivingforcebehindtheconversionfrommagstripetoEMVtechnology.SectionCPassageOne欢迎下载Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ThereportfromtheBureauofLaborStatisticswasjustasgloomyasanticipated.UnemploymentinJanuaryjumpedtoa16-yearhighof7.6percent,as598,000jobswereslashedfromUSpayrollsintheworstsingle-monthdeclinesinceDecember,1974.With1.8millionjobslostinthelastthreemonths,thereisurgentdesiretoboosttheeconomyasquicklyaspossible.ButWashingtonwoulddowelltotakeadeepbreathbeforereactingtothegrimnumbers.Collectively,werelyontheunemploymentfiguresandotherstatisticstoframeoursenseofreality.Theyareavitalpartofanarrayofdatathatweusetoassessifwe'redoingwellordoingbadly,andthatinturnshapesgovernmentpoliciesandcorporatebudgetsandpersonalspendingdecisions.Theproblemisthatthestatisticsaren'tanobjectivemeasureofreality;theyaresimplyabestapproximation.Directionally,theycapturethetrends,buttheideathatweknowpreciselyhowmanyareunemployedisamyth.Thatmakesfindingasolutionallthemoredifficult.First,thereisthewaythedataisassembled.Theofficialunemploymentrateistheproductofatelephonesurveyofabout60000homes.Thereisanothersurvey,sometimesreferredtoasthe"payrollsurvey,"thatassesses400000businessesbasedontheirreportedpayrolls.Bothsurveyshaveproblems.Thepayrollsurveycaneasilydouble-countsomeone:ifyouareonepersonwithtwojobs,youshowupastwoworkers.Thepayrollsurveyalsodoesn'tcapturethenumberofself-employed,andsosayslittleabouthowmanypeoplearegeneratinganindependentincome.Thehouseholdsurveyhasalargerproblem.Whenaskedstraightforwardly,peopletendtolieorshadethetruthwhenthesubjectissex,moneyoremployment.Ifyougetacallandareaskedifyou'reemployed,andyousayyes,you'reemployed.Ifyousayno,however,itmaysurpriseyoutolearnthatyouareonlyunemployedifyou'vebeenactivelylookingforworkinthepastfourweeks;otherwise,youare"marginallyattachedtothelaborforce"andnotactuallyunemployed.Theurgetoquantifyisembeddedinoursociety.Buttheideathatstatisticianscanthencaptureanobjectiverealityisn'tjustimpossible.Italsoleadstoseriousmisjudgments.DemocratsandRepublicanscanandwilltakesidesonanumberofissues,butamorecrucialconcernisthatbotharebasingmajorpolicydecisionsonguesstimatesratherthanlookingatthevastwealthofrawdatawithacriticaleyeandanopenmind.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。56.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A)TheUSeconomicsituationisgoingfrombadtoworse.B)Washingtonistakingdrasticmeasurestoprovidemorejobs.C)TheUSgovernmentisslashingmorejobsfromitspayrolls.D)TherecenteconomiccrisishastakentheUSbysurprise.57.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheunemploymentfiguresandotherstatistics?A)Theyformasolidbasisforpolicymaking.B)Theyrepresentthecurrentsituation.欢迎下载PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。汉朝是中国历史上最重要的朝代之一。汉朝统治期间有很多显著的成就。它最先向其他文化敞开大门，对外贸易兴旺。汉朝开拓的丝绸之路通向了中西亚乃至罗马。各类艺术一派繁荣，涌现了很多文学、历史、哲学巨著。公元100年中国第一部字典编撰完成，收入9000个字,提供释义并列举不同的写法。其间，科技方面也取得了很大进步，发明了纸张、水钟、日冕(sundials)以及测量地震的仪器。汉朝历经400年，但统治者的腐败最终导致了它的灭亡。参考答案【作文范文：】DoingSmallThin