天津市南开区2024届高三下学期质量检测（一）（一模）英语试题

天津市南开区2024届高三下学期质量检测（一）（一模）英语试题姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五总分评分一、第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）1．—Whydon'twegotoamovie?—____A．I'mgame. B．What'sup?C．Whatarelief! D．Ireallyenvyyou.2．Hateandangerarefeltonlyforthose____wecaredeeply.A．forwhich B．withwhich C．forwhom D．withwhom3．Heusuallydressesformallyforworkreasons,butwhenhecomeshome,hedresses____.A．naturally B．economically C．casually D．seriously4．Theresultsareentirely____withourearlierresearch.A．artificial B．consistent C．decent D．humble5．Whenshewentoutsideshewastemporarily____bythesun.A．blinded B．threatened C．opposed D．interpreted6．She____thattheglasswouldbreakwhileopeningthewindow.A．hasfrightened B．wasfrightenedC．frightened D．hadfrightened7．Moreoftenthannot,itiseasiertomakeaplanthanto____aplan.A．comeout B．carryout C．giveout D．workout8．ItseemedthatJimhadbecome____hisparentshadwantedhimtobe.A．whether B．where C．what D．when9．Kathyreachedthecompanyoutofbreathonly____shewasfired.A．told B．tobetold C．beingtold D．havingtold10．Ican'tgotothepartytonight,____Ihavetoworklate.A．eventhough B．asif C．inthat D．eversince11．Tom,alongwithhisassistants,____ontheprojectdayandnighttomeetthedeadline.A．work B．havebeenworkingC．isworking D．areworking12．—Todayismy30thweddinganniversarywithPhilip.—Oh,____!A．cheerup B．congratulationsC．goahead D．welldone13．TikTok,knownasDouyininChina,isamobileapp____userstocreate,shareandwatchshortvideos.A．havingallowed B．allowingC．allowed D．tobeallowed14．Iknowhewaswrong,butI____tellhimbecauseheneverlistens.A．mustn't B．daren't C．needn't D．oughtn't15．First,weneedtobuildupadetailed____ofourcustomersandtheirrequirements.A．phase B．profile C．tendency D．distribution二、第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Eighty-year-oldretiredtailor,JamesMcKay,spentSaturdaynightinprisonafterhitting30-year-oldKeithSmithovertheheadwithhiswalkingstick.McKay'swife,Laurenesaidthat,whileMcKayisusuallya（n）16．andpleasantperson,hehadbeendriventothisactof17．byliterallygettingwetjustoncetoooften.Hecouldnolonger18．it.SmithlivesabovetheMcKays.Heisa（n）19．gardener,andalsoafishcollector.Unfortunately,thewaterhe20．overhisbalcony（平台）everydayendedupontheMcKay'sfloor,ortoooften,ontheunsuspectingMcKaysthemselves."Forthelasttwoweeks,sinceSmithmovedintotheflataboveus,wedarednotgoontoour21．,"saidLaurene.Sheaddedthatitwasn'tonlythewater22．theirbalconyfromSmithwateringhisplantsthat23．them,butalsothewayhecleanedhisfish24．."We'dbesittingtherehappilyreadingournewspapers,whensuddenlysomuchwaterwouldcomefromabovethatwe'dbeaswetasifwehad25．withourclotheson!Wecouldhardly26．thesmelloffish!"AndonSaturdayeveningitwasjusttoo27．,"ItwasJames'birthday,"Laurenerecalled,"anditwassuchabeautifulnighttoenjoythestarrynight28．.Imadehimabirthdaycake.Thecandleswereagreatsightasyoucan29．,butJamesdidn'tgettoblowthemout."Instead,Smith30．oneofhislargertanksoverhisbalconyandboththeMcKaysandthecakewerewetthrough."IhaveneverseenhimmovesofastandIcouldn'tstophim.Hewasupthereina（n）31．."Smithisnotgoingtotakethingsfurtherwiththepolice.Hehasalso32．tochangehiswaysfromnowon.AndwhatofJamesMcKay?Asheleftthe33．station,alargecrowdofsupporterssanghim"HappyBirthday"."Definitelythemostexcitingbirthdayever!"saidthe34．oldman."Thebestsincemy35．,I'dsay!"16．A．aggressive B．peacefulC．bad-tempered D．rude17．A．celebration B．violence C．neighborhood D．brotherhood18．A．honor B．appreciate C．support D．tolerate19．A．keen B．independent C．selfless D．careful20．A．drank B．cleaned C．bought D．sent21．A．floor B．balcony C．flat D．garden22．A．comingacross B．hangingonC．fallingonto D．droppingout23．A．valued B．risked C．bothered D．encouraged24．A．skins B．dishes C．meat D．tanks25．A．showered B．boiled C．fried D．dreamed26．A．makeuseof B．makeroomforC．getdownto D．getridof27．A．much B．late C．hard D．early28．A．upstairs B．outside C．downstairs D．inside29．A．see B．imagine C．name D．afford30．A．sacrificed B．handed C．emptied D．delivered31．A．flash B．jump C．way D．hour32．A．promised B．refused C．declined D．admitted33．A．railway B．gas C．police D．power34．A．embarrassed B．depressed C．annoyed D．cheerful35．A．mind B．youth C．return D．arrest三、第二部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小2.5分，满分50分）阅读理解Mostpeopleassumethatthehumanbrainisseton"automatic"—thatmeansitlearnsallbyitself.Butthisisn'talwaystrue.Weneedtotrainourselvestobebetterlearners—toactivelytakepartinthelearningprocessandtoreflectonwhatwehavelearnt.Thesekindsoflearningbehavioursarecalled"activelearning".Isuggestdoingfourthingstotakeanactiveroleinyourlearning.ListentotheoutervoiceTherearetwokindsofvoices:theinnervoiceandtheoutervoice.Yourinnervoiceexpressesyourpersonalopinions,whiletheoutervoicetellsyouaboutopinionsfromwhatyouhearorread.Althoughyourinnervoicecanbeuseful,itcanalsogetinthewayoflearning.Ifyoukeeppayingtoomuchattentiontoit,youriskmissingimportantinformation.Instead,activelearnersareopen-mindedandfocusonwhatthespeaker/writeissaying,notonwhattheirbrainissayinginthebackground.Inthisway,theyareinabetterpositiontomakedecisions.AskquestionsAskingquestionsistheeasiestwaytopromoteactivelearning.Whenyougetinformationfromsomeone,frombooksortheInternet,asktwo,three,evenfivequestionaboutthetopic.Theanswerswillleadyoutofurtherlearning,andtheveryactofworkingoutquestionswillhelpyoutoachieveahigherlevelofunderstandingaboutthetopic.Inshort:Donotstopbeingcurious.GettothetruthActivelearnersdonotaccepteverythingtheylearn.Theyattempttofindthetruthattheheartofeachidea.Evenwhenanideasoundsentirelyunlikely,theremaybeanaspectofitthatisbasedontruth.Soifsomeonesaysthatdinosaursstillexisttoday,thinkaboutwhytheybelievethis.Wheredoestheideacomefrom?Dotheyhaveenoughdatatosupporttheirviews?Ifyoutrytofindoutthesourceofanidea,nomatterhowcrazyitseems,youwillincreaseyourchanceoflearningsomething.FocusonthemessageManypeoplemissoutonlearningopportunitiesbecausetheylettheirfeelingsgetintheway.Theyrefusetolearnorignorewhatissaidbecauseofwhothespeaker/writeris.Itistruethatwecannothelpdislikingsomepeople—thisishumannature,afterall.Butdonotforgetyoucanstilllearnfromthem.Activelearnersdonotjudgepeoplebasedonfirsimpressionsorpersonalfeelings.Instead,theyseparatethemessagefromthemessage.Thisgoestheotherwayaswell—donotjustassumethatsomepeoplearealwaysrightbecauseofwhotheyareorjustbecausetheyareyourfriends.36．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutinnervoiceandoutervoice?A．Yourinnervoiceisuseless,andalwaysgetsinthewayoflearning.B．Yourinnervoiceiswhatyouthink.C．Theoutervoiceusuallyiswhatyourbrainissaying.D．Theoutervoiceexpressesyourpersonalopinions.37．AccordingtoParagraph3whatdoyouknowaboutaskingquestions?A．Askingquestionswillleadyoutofurtherlearning.B．Askingquestionswon'tmakeyoumoremotivatedtolearnC．Askingquestionsfacilitatesactivelearning.D．Askingquestionswillstopyoufrombeingcurious..38．AccordingtoParagraph4,anactivelearner____.A．won'tfindoutthesourceofanideaB．is-willingtoaccepteverythingtheylearnC．believesthatdinosaursstillexisttodayD．alwaystriestofindthetruthatthecoreofeveryopinion39．WhatdowelearnaboutfromParagraph5?A．Weshouldtryourbesttolikepeoplewedon'tlike.B．Weoftenignorewhattheauthorsays.C．ActivelearnersjudgepeoplebasedonpersonalfeelingsD．Thepersonwelikemaynotalwaysberight.40．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?A．TooffersometipsonhowtolearnactivelyB．Toadviseustolistentotheoutervoice.C．Tohelpusgettothetruth.D．Tosharehislearningexperience.阅读理解LastweekendImademyfirstvisittoaremotevillage,hometooneofourstudents,Tombe.AnotherteacherandIwalkedfortwoandahalfhourstogetthere—first,upamountainfromwherewehadfantasticviews,andthendownashadedpathtothevalleybelow.Whenwearrivedatthevillage,Tombe'smother,Kiak,sawuscomingandstartedcrying"ieeeieee".Weshookhandswithallthevillagers.EveryoneseemedtoberelatedtoTombe.Tombe'sfather,Mukap,amanwithastrongjawandawrinkledforehead,ledustohishouse,alow,roundbamboohutwithnowindows,withadoorjustbigenoughtogetthrough,andwithgrassstickingoutoftheroof—thisshowsitisaman'shouse.Suchhousingisdarkinsidesoittooktimeforoureyestoadjust.FreshgrasshadbeenlaidonthefloorandtherewasaplatformforJennyandmetosleepon.Therewasafireplaceinthecentreofthehut.TheonlypossessionsIcouldseewereonebroom,afewsaucers,akettle,cups,pans,andacoupleofjars.Mukapbuiltafireoutsideandlaidstonesonittoheat.Hethenplacedthehotstonesinanemptyoildrumwithkaukau（sweetpotato）,ripecorn,andgreens.Hethencoveredthevegetableswithbananaleavesandleftthemtosteam.Itsmelleddelicious.Weateinsidethehutsittingroundthefire.Ilovedlisteningtothefamilytalkingsoftlytoeachotherintheirlanguage,eventhoughIcouldnotparticipatemuchintheconversation.Luckily,Tombeinterpretedforus.Later.Inoticedacanstandingupsidedownonthegrill（烤架）overthefire.Afterawhile.Tombethrewitoutofthedoorway.Tombetoldmethatthecanwasheatedtodryouttheleftoverfood.Hisfamilybelievesthatleftoversattractbadspiritsinthenight,soanyleftoverfoodisdriedupinacanandthecanisthenthrownoutofthehut.Weleftthevillagethenextmorningaftermanygoodbyesandfirmhandshakes.Mymuscleswereachingandmykneesshakingaswedraggedourselvesdownthemountaintowardshome.ThateveningIfellhappilyintobed.ItwassuchaprivilegetohavespentadaywithTombe'sfamily.41．WhydidTombe'smotherstartcrying"ieeeieee"?A．BecauseshewasexcitedtoseehersonhomeB．BecauseshesawsomeonewhoscaredheC．Becauseshewaswelcomingtheteachers.D．Becausethatwasherdailyroutine.42．WhatcanwelearnaboutTombe'sfatherfromthepassage?A．He'snotaconsiderateone.B．Hehasaluxuryhouse.C．Hehadagoodtalkwiththeauthor.D．Heisgoodatcooking43．Whentheauthorsawthefamilytalkingsoftlytoeachother,herfeelingcanbebestdescribedas____.A．amazed B．puzzled C．frightened D．happy44．AccordingtoParagraph4,thecanwasusedto____.A．drivebadspirits B．protectthehutC．holdtheleftovers D．bethrownoutofthehut45．Whatdidtheauthorthinkofthisvisit?A．ShehatedthelongandtiringvisitB．ShewaspleasedtovisittheTombefamily.C．ShethoughtTombe'sfamilywastoopoor.D．ShethoughtsomeoftheTombefamily'sactionswerestupid.阅读理解Weusebothwordsandbodylanguagetoexpressourthoughtsandopinionsinourinteractionswithotherpeople.Wecanlearnalotaboutwhatpeoplearethinkingbywatchingtheirbodylanguage.Wordsareimportant,butthewaypeoplestand,holdtheirarms,andmovetheirhandscanalsogiveusinformationabouttheirfeelings.Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein.Forexample,makingeyecontact—lookingintosomeone'seyes—insomecountriesisawaytodisplayinterest.Inothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.Forexample,inmanyMiddleEasterncountries,menandwomenarenotsociallypermittedtomakeeyecontact.InJapan,itmaydemonstraterespecttolookdownwhentalkingtoanolderperson.Thegesturefor"OK"hasdifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures.InJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.InFrance,apersonencounteringanidenticalgesturemayinterpretitasmeaningzero.However,youshouldavoidmakingthisgestureinBrazilandGermany,asitisnotconsideredpolite.Eventhegesturesweusefor"yes"and"no"differaroundtheworld.Inmanycountries,shakingone'sheadmeans"no",andnoddingmeans"yes".Bycomparison,inBulgariaandsouthernAlbania,thegestureshavetheoppositemeaning.Therearealsodifferencesinhowwetoucheachother,howclosewestandtosomeonewearetalkingto,andhowweactwhenwemeetorpart.IncountrieslikeFranceandRussia,peoplemaykisstheirfriendsonthecheekwhentheymeet.Elsewhere,peoplefavourshakinghands,bowingfromthewaist,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.Somegesturesseemtohavethesamemeaningeverywhere.Placingyourhandstogetherandrestingthemonthesideofyourheadwhileclosingyoureyesmeans"sleep".Agoodwayofsaying"Iamfull"ismovingyourhandincirclesoveryourstomachafterameal.Somebodylanguagehasmanydifferentuses.Perhapsthebestexampleissmiling.Asmilecanhelpusgetthroughdifficultsituationsandfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers.Asmilecanbreakdownbarriers.Wecanuseasmiletoapologise,togreetsomeone,toaskforhelp,ortostartaconversation.Expertssuggestsmilingatyourselfinthemirrortomakeyourselffeelhappierandstronger.Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely,thereisnothingbetterthanseeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend.46．WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph1?A．Bodylanguageisasimportantasspokenlanguage.B．BodylanguagealonecannotexpresswhatwearethinkingC．BodylanguageisnotmoreimportantthanspokenlanguageD．Wecan'tcommunicatewithotherswithoutspokenlanguage.47．Themostimportantthingaboutusingbodylanguageisthat____.A．youneedn'tuseiteverywhereB．yououghttomakeeyecontactC．youshouldrespectthelocalcultureD．itshouldbeconsistentwithyourownculture48．Withtheexample"OK"inParagraph3,theauthorintendstoshowthat____.A．theJapanesevaluemoneymoreB．peoplefromdifferentcountriescan'tcommunicateC．inBrazilandGermany,peopleneverusethegesture"OK"D．thesamegesturemaymeandifferentthingsindifferentplaces49．WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph4aboutthegesture"yes"and"no"?A．InBulgaria,noddingmeans"yes".B．InsouthernAlbania,shakingyourheadmeans"yes".C．The"yes"and"no"gesturesseemtohavethesamemeaningeverywhereD．The"yes"and"no"gesturesinBulgariaandsouthernAlbaniaarecompletelyopposite.50．Theunderlinedpart"Asmilecanbreakdownbarriers."inthelastparagraphprobablymeans____.A．asmileisthekeytosuccessB．smilingcanmakeyoufeelhappierandstrongerC．smilingcanhelpyoubreakdownthebarriersinyourwayD．asmileisapowerfultoolforbuildingandstrengtheningsocialconnections阅读理解Thismorning,Isawtheshockingheadline:"PassengerDiesWhenCarCrashesinDriverlessMode".Inthearticle,variouspeoplesaidthatthepublicshouldopposetheideaofdevelopingdriverlesscars.Theysaidthatsomeadvancesintechnologywereunnecessaryandcouldevenbedangerous.Hence,weshouldceaseacceptingtechnologyjustbecauseitisnew.Thenewspaperreportedthatthecarcompanyhadalreadyapologisedfortheaccident,butthefamiliesofthedeceased（死者）saiditwasnotenough.Nevertheless,thecompanystillclaimedthatmostpeoplewouldbetravellingindriverlesscarsonedaysoon.Ontheonehand,therearemanydifferentgroupsofpeoplearoundtheworldwholivehappilyintheabsenceofnewtechnology.ProbablythemostwellknownaretheAmish（亚米希人）,agroupofChristianslivinginruralAmerica.Theydonotownordrivecars,watchTV,orusetheInternet.Theyhavelivedmainlyasfarmerssincethe18thcentury,andtheywillprobablybelivingthesamewayinthedistantfuture.Theyadvocateasimplelifewithanemphasisonhardwork,family,andcommunity.Theythinkthatisbetterthancaringaboutluxuriesorfollowingthelivesoftherichandfamous.ItcouldevenbearguedthattheAmish'squalityoflifeisbettersincetheyliveinandappreciatethenaturalenvironmentratherthanlivinginlarge,pollutedcities.Ontheotherhand,newtechnologyhasprovidedpeopleeverywherewithmanybenefitsovertheyears.Forexample,thelatestweather-trackingcomputerprogrammesgivepeoplelotsofwarningsaboutpotentialnaturaldisasters,whichsavesmanylives.Moreover,theInternethasmadeitpossibleforfriendsandfamilytokeepintoucheasilyeveniftheyareonoppositesidesoftheworld.Ithasalsomadefindingopportunitiesinlifemucheasier,asitallowspeopletomakelargernetworksoffriendsthroughusingsocialmedia.Personally,Ihavebenefitedquitealotfromtechnologicaladvances.IfoundmycareerasanAIdesignerthroughasocialmedianetwork.Myhealthmonitor,whichIwearallthetime,hasalsohelpedmegetintothebestshapeofmylife.Ofcourse,whennewtechnologychangesthewaywelive,itcanbeascaryprospect.Nevertheless,Iwillalwayslookonthepositivesideofchangeandacceptitratherthanresistit.51．InwritingParagraph1,theauthoraimsto____.A．proposeadefinition B．makeacomparisonC．reachaconclusion D．introduceatopic52．WhatdoestheauthorintendtoshowwiththeexampleoftheAmish?A．Theirwayoflifewillchangeinthenearfuture.B．Noteveryoneiswillingtoembracenewtechnology.C．Thequalityoflifeinthecountrysideishigherthaninthecity.D．Followingthelifestyleofcelebritieswillleadtoadeclineinthequalityoflife.53．WhatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusinParagraph3?A．Newtechnologyhasbroughtalotofconveniencetomankind.B．Newtechnologycanpreventpotentialnaturaldisastersfromhappening.C．Newtechnologycanhelpusexpandourcircleoffriends.D．Newtechnologycanhelpusfindourfriendsontheothersideoftheworld.54．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsnewtechnology?A．Pessimistic. B．Critical. C．Skeptical. D．Grateful.55．Whatmakesthebesttitleforthepassage?A．ShouldDriverlessCarHaveaFuture.B．TheAmishandNewTechnologyC．DriverlessCarwithNewTechnologyD．ShouldWeFightNewTechnology?四、第三部分：写作阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。DearMax,Itmustseemalittleoddtogetaletterfromyourownmotherwhomyouseeeveryday,butIhopeyouwillreadthisandtakewhatIhavetosayseriously.Iboughtyouaphoneforyour12thbirthdaybecauseyouwantedonesomuch,andallyourfriendshaveone.Iknowyouloveyourphone,butIwonderwhetheryouareawareofjusthowmuchyouuseit.Frommyperspective,itseemsthatyouareconstantlycheckingyourphonefornotifications（通知）ormessages.Youevendothiswhenwe'rehavingafamilymealinarestaurantorwhenI'mtalkingtoyou.Youmaynotrealisethis,butwheneveryoufeelevenslightlybored,youcheckyourphone.Youneverseemtorelax.You'reconstantlyonalert,andIdon'tthinkthisisverygoodforyou.Weallneedtoswitchitoffeverynowandthen.AndifIaskyoutoleaveyourphoneathomewhenwegoout,yousulk（生气）andgettwitchy,almostasifyou'resufferingwithdrawalsymptoms（戒断症状）.It'slikeyourphoneisadrug.Ihavetriedtotalktoyouaboutthis,butwheneverIaskyoutoputdownyourphoneandlookatme,yousay"inaminute".Unfortunately,"inaminute"nevercomes,andwenevertalk.Ican'tactuallyrememberthelasttimewehadaproperface-to-faceconversation.Ievenhavetomessageyoutoletyouknowdinnerisonthetable!That'swhyIdecidedtoputmyconcernsinalettertoyou.Pleasedon'tthinkIamwritingthislettertopunishyouortonag（唠叨）you.Iknowyouareagoodboy.Idon'tthinkyouwanttohurtmeorberudeintentionally.However,Irecentlyheardaboutsomethingcalled"nomophobia"—thefearofbeingwithoutaphone.It'sarealillnessandI'mworriedwhetheryouhaveit.Ireallythinkitwouldbeagoodideaifweallwenttoseeanaddictionexperttogethersowecanallhaveadiscussionaboutthisseriousproblem.Iknowyouwon'twantto,butI'mveryconcernedaboutyou.PleasetakesometimetothinkaboutwhatIhavewritten.Thenlet'stalk.Mum,56．What'sMax'smumworriedabout?（nomorethan10words）57．WhydidMax'smumhavetomessagehimthatdinnerwasready?（nomorethan6words）58．WhatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninParagraph5?（nomorethan2word）59．Whatismum'ssuggestiontosolvethisproblem?（nomorethan15words）60．WhatdoyouthinkofMax'sproblem?Pleaseexplain.（nomorethan20words）五、第二节：书面表达（满分25分）61．假定你是高三学生李津，你和同学根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。给外教Chris写封邮件，请他帮忙指导。邮件内容包括：1）剧情简介；2）指导内容；3）商定时间地点。注意：1）词数不少于100；2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；

（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

答案解析部分1．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：——我们为什么不去看电影呢？——我愿意去。A.I'mgame.表示"我愿意尝试"；B.What'sup?表示"怎么了？"；C.Whatarelief!表示"可轻松了！"；D.Ireallyenvyyou.表示"我真羡慕你。"。前一说话者"Whydon'twegotoamovie?"提议去看电影，回答者应是说自己愿意。故选A。

【点评】考查情景交际。2．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：憎恨和愤怒只会发生在我们深切关心的人身上。carefor"关心"。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是those，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作for的宾语，应用forwhom引导。故选C。

【点评】考查定语从句。注意："介词+关系代词"结构中，常见的关系代词有which,whom,who,whose和that。根据先行词的性质（人或物）以及介词的搭配，选择合适的关系代词。例如，人通常用"whom"或"who"，物则用"which"。注意，当先行词是"所有格"形式时，使用"whose"。分析定语从句的内部结构，特别是动词、介词短语及其他修饰成分，有助于理解整个从句的语义和语法功能。确保介词后紧跟的关系代词在从句中充当正确的成分（如宾语、主语、定语等）。有些介词与动词、形容词或名词之间存在固定搭配，这些固定搭配在理解句意时至关重要。在确定了介词、关系代词及先行词后，尝试翻译定语从句的完整意思，确保理解从句是如何修饰或限定先行词的。这有助于验证所选介词和关系代词的正确性。3．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：由于工作原因，他通常穿着正式，但回家后，他穿得很随意。A.naturally自然地；B.economically经济地；C.casually随意地；D.seriously认真地。根据"Heusuallydressesformallyforworkreasons,butwhenhecomeshome"可推知，他在家里着装很随意。故空处应表达"随意地"，故用casually，作状语，修饰dresses，符合语境。故选C。

【点评】考查副词词义辨析。注意：在选择题中，经常会遇到多个副词选项，需要考生根据句子的语境和逻辑关系进行辨析，此时，要注意区分不同副词在意义、用法和语境上的差异。在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的整体语境和逻辑关系，通过语境推断出副词在句子中的正确位置和作用。特别注意句子中的关键词、标点符号和上下文联系，这些信息往往能帮助考生准确判断副词的用法和意义。4．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：结果与我们早期的研究完全一致。A.artificial人工的；B.consistent持续的、一致的；C.decent体面的；D.humble谦逊的。根据句子语境分析可知，此处指结果与早期的研究一致，应用beconsistentwith。故选B。

【点评】考查形容词词义辨析。注意：结合上下文，理解句子语境，把握形容词在其中的具体含义和用法。注意形容词与其他词汇之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。注意情感色彩，形容词往往带有一定的情感色彩，如褒义、贬义或中性。在解题时，要注意形容词所表达的情感色彩是否与句子或段落的整体氛围相符。5．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：走出户外时,她一时被阳光照得眼睛昏花。A.blinded使盲目；B.threatened威胁；C.opposed反对；D.interpreted口译。根据后文"bythesun"她一时被阳光照得眼睛昏花。故选A。

【点评】考查动词词义辨析。注意：在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的语境和含义，根据句子的逻辑关系和语境，判断哪个动词更符合句子的意思。对于不确定的选项，可以先尝试排除那些明显不符合句意或语法的选项，缩小选择范围，将各个选项进行对比分析，找出它们之间的异同点，从而确定正确答案。6．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：她害怕打开窗户时玻璃会碎。A.hasfrightened现在完成时；B.wasfrightened一般过去时，系表结构；C.frightened一般过去时；D.hadfrightened过去完成时。befrightenedthat…"对……事情感到害怕"。根据that从句中的wouldbreak可知，该句描述的是过去发生的情况，所以用一般过去时。A和D项的时态不对。而C项中的frighten可作动词，意为"使惊吓"，所以不符合语境。故选B。

【点评】考查时态（一般过去时）。注意：在解答时态相关题目时，首先，要仔细审题，在题干中寻找标志性的时间状语。时间状语是判断时态的重要依据。如果题目所给题干是主从复合句，考生需要根据主从句时态相呼应的原则来判断时态。在时间、条件等状语从句中，通常用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表示将来完成时。同时，要正确认定主句动词及从句动词两个动作发生的先后时间，并认真体会命题者所给出的语境。认真阅读题干，理解句子的整体意义，捕捉题干中对动作发生时间所隐含的信息。可以把语境中比较完整的句子中的动词或另一个相关动词所发生的时间作为参照时间，再把选项中的动词与它作比较，看看它所表示的动作是发生在参照时间之前、之后还是正在进行，从而确定选用什么时态。7．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：通常情况下，制定计划比执行计划更容易。A.comeout出版，结果出来；B.carryout执行；C.giveout分发，耗尽；D.workout解答出，锻炼。根据"Moreoftenthannot,itiseasiertomakeaplanthanto...aplan."可知，此处将"制定计划"与"执行计划"做对比，表示：制定计划往往比执行计划容易，故空处表示"执行"。故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意：在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的语境和含义，根据句子的逻辑关系和语境，判断哪个动词短语更符合句子的意思。对于不确定的选项，可以先尝试排除那些明显不符合句意或语法的选项，缩小选择范围，将各个选项进行对比分析，找出它们之间的异同点，从而确定正确答案。8．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：看来吉姆已经成为了他父母希望他成为的人。A.whether是否，从属连词；B.where哪里，连接副词；C.what什么，连接代词；D.when什么时候，连接副词。分析句子结构可知，空处位于系动词become之后引导表语从句，表示"什么样的人"，且表语从句缺少表语，故空处应用连接代词what引导表语从句。故选C。

【点评】考查表语从句。注意：在解答表语从句连接词的问题时，常见错误包括混淆连接词的类型、误用连接词、时态不一致等。要避免这些错误，需要加强对连接词的理解，注意从句与主句之间的时态和逻辑关系，以及遵循英语语法规则。理解句子的语境和逻辑关系对于选择正确的连接词至关重要。在解答表语从句连接词的问题时，要仔细阅读题干和选项，分析句子的上下文和逻辑关系，从而确定最合适的连接词。例如，如果句子表达的是选择关系，应选择"whether...or..."结构；如果表达的是原因关系，则应选择表示原因的连接词。9．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：凯西上气不接下气地赶到公司，却被告知她被解雇了。A.told过去式或者过去分词；B.tobetold动词不定式的被动式；C.beingtold现在分词的被动式；D.havingtold现在分词的完成式。根据句子结构和语境分析可知，空处为非谓语且在句中做状语，此处表示：却被告知她被解雇了，即表示出乎意料的结果，故空处应用结构onlytodosth.，作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果，且tell与Kathy构成被动关系，故用tobedone形式。故选B。

【点评】考查非谓语动词（动词不定式作结果状语）。注意：仔细阅读句子的上下文，理解语境和逻辑关系，动词不定式表示的结果通常是出乎主句动作发出者的意料的，因此要注意句子中表达的意外或惊讶情绪。动词不定式作为状语时，其时态和语态应与主句保持一致或根据语境进行调整。在表示出乎意料的结果时，动词不定式通常采用一般式（todo/tobedone），但有时也可能使用完成式（tohavedone）或进行式（tobedoing），这取决于具体语境。10．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：我今晚不能去参加聚会，因为我得工作到很晚。A.eventhough尽管；B.asif好像；C.inthat因为；D.eversince从那以后。根据句子语境分析可知，空前后两句为因果关系，空前句子为结果，空后句子为原因，故空处表示"因为"，故用inthat，引导原因状语从句，符合语境。故选C。

【点评】考查原因状语从句。注意："inthat"相当于"because"或"since"，表示"因为"或"由于"的意思，它用于引导一个从句，对主句中的动作、状态或情况进行解释或说明。在识别出"inthat"引导的原因状语从句后，要分析主从句之间的逻辑关系，确保理解从句是如何解释或说明主句的，这通常涉及对句子中动词、名词、形容词等词汇的准确理解，以及对句子结构的清晰把握。11．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：汤姆和他的助手们日夜工作以赶在最后期限前完成这个项目。A.work动词原形；B.havebeenworking现在完成进行时；C.isworking现在进行时；D.areworking现在进行时。根据句中时间状语"dayandnight"可知，此处表示现阶段正在进行的动作，故空处谓语时态为现在进行时，结构为"be动词+实义动词的ing形式"，句子主语Tom为第三人称单数，故be动词应用三单式，alongwithhisassistants不影响谓语的单复数。故选C。

【点评】考查动词时态（现在进行时）。注意：常见的现在进行时时间状语包括now，atthismoment，rightnow，thesedays等。在解题时，首先要快速浏览句子，寻找这些时间状语，从而初步判断句子是否使用现在进行时。现在进行时的基本结构是"be动词+实义动词的ing形式"。因此，在确认句子为现在进行时后，要检查be动词的使用是否正确。除了时间状语外，句子中的其他关键词也可能暗示动作正在发生。例如，look，listen等感官动词后常跟现在进行时的从句，表示正在进行的动作。在解题时，圈定这些关键词，有助于我们更准确地判断句子的时态。12．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：——今天是我和Philip结婚30周年纪念日。——哦，恭喜！A.cheerup振作起来；B.congratulations恭喜；C.goahead去吧；D.welldone做得好。根据上文"Todayismy30thweddinganniversarywithPhilip."可知，祝贺对方的结婚周年纪念日。故选B。

【点评】考查情景交际。注意：解题时，要注意遵从礼貌原则、利他原则和跨文化交际原则。不能简单照搬、忌中文思维、忌直接拒绝、忌答非所问、忌从字面理解。抓住关键词，在对话中，有些关键词可以提示我们对话的主题或情感色彩。抓住这些关键词，有助于我们更准确地理解对话内容并作出选择。排除法，当面对多个选项时，可以先用排除法排除那些明显不符合语境或交际原则的选项，从而缩小选择范围。13．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：TikTok，在中国被称为抖音，是一款移动应用，它允许用户创作、分享和观看短视频。A.havingallowed现在分词的完成式；B.allowing现在分词或者动名词；C.allowed过去式或者过去分词；D.tobeallowed动词不定式的被动式。根据句子结构和语境分析可知，空处为非谓语且在句中做后置定语修饰名词app，动词allow与其逻辑主语app构成逻辑上的主动关系，故空处应用现在分词作后置定语。故选B。

【点评】考查非谓语动词（现在分词作后置定语）。注意：在解题时，要对句子结构进行细致分析，通过识别主语、谓语、宾语以及定语等句子成分，可以更准确地理解现在分词短语在句子中的作用和位置。现在分词短语作为后置定语时，通常位于被修饰名词之后，形成"名词+现在分词短语"的结构，这种结构在句子中很常见，且易于识别。现在分词作后置定语时，通常表示被修饰名词与现在分词之间的主动关系。即，被修饰名词是现在分词动作的发出者。14．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：我知道他错了，但我不必告诉他，因为他从来不听。A.mustn't禁止，不许；B.daren't不敢；C.needn't不必；D.oughtn't不应该。结合becauseheneverlistens可知，空处应表达"不必"，故用need