四川省达州市2024届高三下学期第二次诊断性测试（二模）英语试题

四川省达州市2024届高三下学期第二次诊断性测试（二模）英语试题姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六总分评分一、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。STEMCompetitionsforStudentsNSTAExploraVisionAreyouinterestedinwhatthefutureholds?ConsiderExploraVision'sSTEM（science,technology,engineering&mathematics）competition.Workinginteamsoftwotofour,studentswillresearchaparticulartechnologyandassessthewaysinwhichitmayimpactlivesmovingforward.Participantsarerequiredtowriteapaperanddrawwebpagescommunicatingtheirvision.Grades:7th-9thand10th-12thCompetitionType:RegionalandnationaleCyberMissionYoucanparticipateinthiscompetitionwithoutleavingthehouse.eCyberMissionisaweb-basedcontestinwhichparticipants—workinginteamsoftwotofourstudents—usescience,mathandtechnologytosolveproblemsfacingtheircommunities.First-placewinnersreceive$1,000.Grades:9thCompetitionType:Regional,stateandnationalTEAMSCompetitionHeldannually,TEAMSinvitesstudentstousetheirengineeringtalenttocontributetothecommunity.Workingingroupsoftwotofourstudents,participantscompletereal-lifeengineeringchallenges.Thecompetitionincludesmultiple-choicequestions,anessayandadesign-buildcomponent.Grades:9th-12thCompetitionType:StateandnationalTheConradChallengeInthischallenge,participantsworkinteamsoftwotofivestudentstodevelopproductsorservicesinresponsetokeyissuesfacingpeoplearoundtheworld.TheConradChallengeempowersstudentstotakecontroloftheirlearningandapplyittoreal-lifesituations.Winnersareeligible（有资格的）forscholarships,patentassistanceandaidincreatingcompanies.Grades:9th-12thCompetitionType:International1．WhatdoesNSTAExploraVision'sSTEMcompetitionfocuson?A．Engineeringinnovation.B．Students'paperwritingskills.C．Newtechnologyshapingthefuture.D．Students'abilityinwebpagedesign.2．WhatdothefourSTEMcompetitionshaveincommon?A．Winnerswillgetabigcashprize.B．Theyareallnationalcompetitions.C．Participantsarerequiredtoworkinteams.D．Participantsmustsolvereal-lifeproblems.3．Whichcompetitioninvolvesforeignstudents?A．NSTAExploraVision. B．eCvberMission.C．TEAMSCompetition. D．TheConradChallenge.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Thoughit'scommonthatnewscientistsgetinternationalexperienceaspartoftheirpostdoctoralwork,acquiringinternationalexposureduringone'sPhDstudyislesscommon.Butitcanberewarding.I'minthefinalyearofmyPhDcourseinexperimentalphysics.ThePhDprogramisbasedatLoughboroughUniversity,theUK,butabigpartofmyexperimentalworkisattheMaxPlanckInstituteinGermany.ComingfromEnglandjustaftermybachelor'sdegreeinphysicswasabigstepandsomewhatrisky.Iwasn'tsureifitwouldhelpmycareerorsuitmypersonalstyle.Iwasfacedwithanumberofquestions.Mysupervisors（导师）,oneinEnglandandoneinGermany,gavemegreatfreedomtopickresearchtopicsandcarryoutmyresearchatanotherinstitute.IwasexcitedaboutgoingtotheMaxPlanckInstitute.OncethelongroadofthePhDiscomplete,Ihopetohavetheconfidencetocompeteinanincreasinglymultinationalfieldinordertosecurepostdoctoralpositions,Althoughmovingabroadmeansreducedcontactwithmyhomeuniversityandresearchcommunity,attendingconferencesinBritainhashelpedmenetworkanddevelopasenseofcommunity.Ittooksometimetosettledown,findanapartment,andgetusedtothelocallife,surroundingsandadifferentlanguage.Inthelab,asimpletaskwascomplicatedbythelanguagebarrier.Still,withpersistence,itwasanenrichingexperiencebothpersonallyandprofessionally.TheMaxPlanckInstituteprovidednotonlyanexcitingenvironment,butenoughfundingthathelpedexpandtheoutputofmyresearchconsiderably.Ihadaccesstoequipmentandresourceshardtofindatmanyinstitutions.Thusfar,Ihavenoregrets.DoingaPhDabroadhasimprovedmyknowledgeofphysicsandclarifiedmycareeraspirations（抱负）.4．HowdoestheauthorfinddoingPhDstudyabroad?A．Veryuseful. B．Prettycommon.C．Extremelydifficult. D．Absolutelynecessary.5．WhathappenedtotheauthorwhenhefirststudiedinGermany?A．Hechoseadifficultresearchtopic.B．Hehadahardtimefindingfriends.C．Hemadesomemistakesinhisstudy.D．Hebecameconfusedabouthisstudyandlife.6．Howdidtheauthor'sexperienceinBritainhelphimadapttothenewlife?A．Bymakinghimconfident.B．Byteachinghimtosocialize.C．Bypullinghimoutofhiscomfortzone.D．Byhelpinghimfindhispassionforlife.7．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．SeekingaPhDAbroadB．FollowingtheDesiredCareerPathC．FindingaPlacetoFurtherPhDStudyD．BreakingthroughtheLanguageBarriers阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。"Ispilledsoupalloverthetable,butitwasn'tmyfault"."Igotintotroubleatschool,butitwasn'tmyfault."Suchstatementsareoftenheard."It'snotmyfault"isactuallyacommonresponseforsomanypeopleandespeciallyteenagers.Parentscomplainthatthey'retiredofthe"excuses".Thereasonwhyvariationsof"it'snotmyfault"aresopopularisthattheygetusoutofguilt,blameandanger.Thoseemotionsmaycomefromothers'reactionsorourownself-talks.Inthecaseofadolescents,theyareoftentryingtoescaperesponsibilityandpunishmentformistakes.Someteenswouldbenefitfromdecreasingtheirself-blame.Thosewhoblamethemselvesforthingsthattheycan'tcontroltendtobehighlyself-criticalandaremorelikelytobeanxious.Manyteensoverlyrelyon"it'snotmyfault".However,overuseofthephrasecanresultinfeelingsofhelplessnesstocontroltheirownlives.Besides,"it'snotmyfault"focusesateen'sattentiononwhatisdoneasopposedtowhatneedstobedone.Intryingtogetthemtoassumeresponsibility,manyparentsattempttoconvincetheirchildrenthatsomethingistheirfault,buttheapproachtendstobeineffective.Amoreeffectiveapproachistofaceuptodrawbackstofindsolutionstothedrawbacksactively.Peoplemaynothavecausedalltheirproblems,buttheyhavetosolvethemanyway.Gettingstuckinsharingblameoftenkeepspeoplefrommovingforwardeffectively.Whatdoesonedoifheispushedintoadeeplake?Onecouldcertainlystayinwater,yelling,"It'snotmyfault."However,thatisnotgoingtogethimoutofwater.Atsomepoint,heneedstoswimtoshore,regardlessofthefault.Likemostthingsinlife,freeingourselvesfromblamehasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.Thequestionisn'twhatis"right",butwhatismosteffectiveinmovingforward.8．Whoislikelytorelyon"it'snotmyfault"?A．Ahighlyself-criticalteenager.B．Ateenagerunwillingtoadmitafault.C．Ateenagerfacinguptohisresponsibilities.D．Ateenageranxiousaboutuncontrollablethings.9．Whatistheauthor'sadviceongettingteenstoassumeresponsibility?A．Lettingthemfocusonwhatisdone.B．Persuadingthemtoadmittheirfault.C．Makingthemcorrectthemistakeactively.D．Helpingthemanalyzethereasonforthemistake.10．WhydoestheauthorraisesuchaquestioninParagraph5?A．Toputforwardanewsolutiontodrawbacks.B．Toshowhandlingproblemsshouldcomefirst.C．Toexplainwhyteenagersgetstuckinsharingblame.D．Toanalyzewhatkindofproblemiscausedbyothers.11．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthistext?A．Tohelpteenagersoutofself-blame.B．Totellparentshowtoeducatechildren.C．Tohelpteenagersfacemistakesproperly.D．Totellchildrentodoself-talksconsciously.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Withtheoceancoveringmorethan70%oftheEarth'ssurface,theNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration（NOAA）saidscientistsandresearchershaddependedonsonar（声呐）technologiestounderstandandmaptheseafloorwhichhadchartedonlyabout10%oftheworld'socean.FortheoceanandcoastalwatersintheUS,thenumberisjustaround35%.Weknowlessaboutourplanet'soceanthanwhatweknowaboutthefarsideofthemoonorthesurfaceofMars.Partofthereasonforthelackofobservationisthechallengeofpoweringanunderwatercamera.Researchershaveusedshipstorechargecamerasorobservedwithacameratiedtoashiptosolvetheissue,whichisexpensiveandunsuitableforlong-termobservations.Recently,researchersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）havetakenamajorsteptoironoutthisproblembydevelopingabattery-free,wirelessunderwatercamerathatcouldharvestenergyunderwateronitsownforlongperiods.Tokeeppowerconsumptionaslowaspossible,theresearchersusedoff-the-shelf,ultra-low-powerimagingsensors.Thedevicetakescolorphotos,evenindarkunderwaterenvironments,andsendsimagedatawirelesslythroughthewater.Thecameraispoweredbysound.Itchangesmechanicalenergyfromsoundwavestravelingthroughwaterintoelectricalenergythatpowersitsimagingandcommunicationsequipment.Aftergettingandencodingimagedata,thecameraalsousessoundwavestosendthedatatoareceiverthatreconstructstheimage.Thosesoundwavescouldcomefromanysource,likeapassingshipormarinelife.Asitdoesn'tneedapowersource,thecameracouldrunforweeksonendbeforegettingitback,enablingscientiststosearchremotepartsoftheoceanfornewspecies.Nowthatresearchershavedemonstratedaworkingprototype（原型）,theyplantoenhancethedevicesoitispracticalinreal-worldsettings.Forfutureapplication,thesecamerasmaybeusedtotakeimagesofoceanpollutionandcreatemoreaccuratemodelstomonitorclimatechangetobetterunderstandhowclimatechangeimpactstheunderwaterworld,andadvancevariousunderseascientificfields.12．WhatdothedatainparagraphImainlyshow?A．UnderseaexplorationispoorintheUS.B．Muchoftheplanet'soceanremainsunexplored.C．Themappingoftheseaflooristime-consuming.D．Technologydevelopmentmattersalottoseaobservation.13．Whatlimitstheresearchers'underseaexplorationaccordingtothetext?A．Thecomplexityoftheseaenvironment.B．Theconcernaboutpotentialseapollution.C．Theshortageofinvestmentinoceanexploration.D．Theinabilitytoeffectivelypowerunderwatercameras.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"ironout"inparagraph3probablymean?A．Overcome. B．Face. C．Analyze. D．Illustrate.15．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheMITunderwatercamera?A．Secureandstable.B．Expensivebuteffective.C．Impracticalbutadvanced.D．Self-sufficientandenergy-saving.二、第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Humorcanhelpyouconnectwithotherpeopleandmakeunpleasantsituationsmorebearable.Therearethingsyoucandotomakeyourselfandotherslaugh.ReadmoreGetyourhandsoneverythingthatisfunny.16．.Hopefully,readinggoodjokesmightinspireyoutostartmakingupyourownjokes.Whenreadingthem,trytoanalysetheelementsthatmakethemgoodjokes.BeobservantWhileknowingalotcanincreaseyourabilityforhumor,there'snosubstituteforseeingalot.Lookforthehumorineverydaysituations.17．.LearnfromfunnypeopleWhetherthey'reprofessionalcomedians,yourparentsoryourfriends,learningfromfunnypeopleinyourlifeisakeysteptobeingfunnyyourself.18．.Keepanoteofsomeofthefunnythingstheysayordo.Thiswillhelpyoudevelopatoolboxoftechniquesyoucanusetobefunny.19．.Differentthingsmakedifferentpeoplelaugh.Whenyou'reinagroupofpeopleyoudon'tknow,listentowhatsubjectsthey'retalkingaboutandwhat'smakingthemlaugh.Thebetteryouknowthem,theeasieritwillbetomakethemlaugh.TrustinyourinnersenseofhumorBeingfunnydoesn'tcomeina"one-size-fits-all"package.Whatmakesyoufunnyisuniquetoyouandthewayyouobservetheworld.Trustthatyoudohaveafunnybone.20．—youjustneedtobringitout.A.It'salreadyinyouB.KnowyouraudienceC.MakedifferentpeoplelaughD.LookforwhatyouadmiremostinthemE.TherearealotoffunnythingsincomediesF.You'llbecomefunnierbyreadingandpracticingjokesG.Theunnoticedhumorrightbeforeyoureyesoftenhasthemosteffect三、英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Nowadays,shoppingonlineenjoysgreatpopularity,butmy21．toclothesshoppingdevelopedviasupermarkets.Withfourchildren,Ispentalotoftimeinsupermarkets.Whentheystartedsellingfashion,Ifoundmyself22．outfancyitemsformyself.Mywardrobequickly23．up.WheneverIfeltboredor24．,Iboughtmyselfsomethingnewtowear.Oneday,whenI25．thetotalmoneyI'dspentoverthepreviousmonth,Igotareal26．.SoIdecidedtochange.OneNewYear,Imadea（n）27．:Iwouldstopbuyingclothesforafullyear.Myfamilylaughedin28．becausetheyknewhowIlovedtoshop,butthismadememore29．todothat.Thestartoftheyearwasespecially30．,asallthesaleswereon,andIreallylovethe31．.Italmostmademe32．toseeallthelovelydressesandcoats,knowingIcouldn'tbuyanyofthem.ButIgotthroughJanuary,33．awayinFebruaryandsortedoutmywardrobeinMarch.ThatwaswhenIfound34．itemsofclothing.Someofthemstillhadthetags（标签）on!ThenIwasre-wearingthingsthathadbarelyseenthe35．ofdaysinceI'dboughtthem.Ievenworethesamedresstotwoparties36．,whereIhadmuchfunwithmyfriendsandnoone37．mydress.Isuddenly38．thatIdidn'tneedlotsofnewclothes.Isurvivedmyyearwithout39．clothes,andnowthink40．beforeIbuyanythingnew.21．A．contribution B．addiction C．response D．approach22．A．picking B．checking C．making D．carrying23．A．broke B．ended C．filled D．shut24．A．relaxed B．curious C．satisfied D．stressed25．A．addedup B．putaside C．handedover D．tookaway26．A．trouble B．puzzle C．idea D．shock27．A．reservation B．choice C．announcement D．prediction28．A．confusion B．disbelief C．excitement D．embarrassment29．A．confident B．discouraged C．determined D．interested30．A．tough B．promising C．smooth D．amazing31．A．dress B．item C．bargain D．store32．A．worry B．smile C．refuse D．cry33．A．gave B．passed C．threw D．hid34．A．long-forgotten B．badly-treatedC．well-made D．easily-obtained35．A．color B．light C．beauty D．value36．A．inarow B．atadistanceC．inaway D．ataloss37．A．exchanged B．liked C．mentioned D．selected38．A．remembered B．regretted C．imagined D．realized39．A．wearing B．purchasing C．changing D．washing40．A．casually B．carefully C．gradually D．constantly四、第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thousandsofyearsago,Chinesecharactersappearedonanimalbonesandsilkbeforethey41．（write）onpaper.Butnowmany42．characterhasa"newcontainer"inthemodernage.Recently,aresearchteam,drawingeverylittlebitof43．（inspire）fromXunzi,anoutstandingConfucianphilosopherduringthelateWarringStatesPeriod（475-221BC）,hasrolledoutXunzi,alargelanguagemodel（LLM）andXunziChatinassociationwithaleadingancientChinesetextpublisher.When44．（ask）why,theteamleaderexplained,"Characterssetinverticallayout（竖版）,theabsenceofpausingandpunctuationareallholdingreadersback."45．（create）XunzitheLLM,theteamfirstdidalotofresearch.Since2013,they'vesweated46．（heavy）todigitizeChineseclassicsliketheSikuQuanshu."Thehardworkinvolvesalarge-scalepooloftwobillionChinesecharacters,47．haslaidasolidfoundationfortheLLM."Theireffortsseemtohavepaidoff.Currently,XunzitheLLMcantranslate,punctuate48．understandsomeancientChinesetexts.Themodelcanhelpusmineformoreinformationhiddeninourculturallegacyandfindunnoticedmodelsandconnections.TheteamhavesharedtheLLMonGitHubandotherwebsites,49．（allow）userstodownloadanduseitforfree.They'recommittedtothephilosophyofmakingthedataandmodel50．（access）globally.五、写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Mygrandfather,aretiredteacher,isinhisearlyeighty.Thoughproblemscamealongwithage,henevergivesuplearning.Thatheenjoysmostinhissparetimeispickingupabooktoreadit,withglasseson.Whereverhemeetsnewwords,hewilllookthemupinadictionary.Histhirstyforknowledgehasgreatinfluencedmeandmybrother.Asaresult,wehavemadeupourmindsstudyhardandbothofusagreedwiththedreamofbeingteachersinthefuture.Nowwe'relookingforwardtomakingitrealize.六、第二节：书面表达（满分25分）52．你校英文报将以"GoodbyetoMyHighSchoolLife"为题，面向高三学生举办征文比赛。请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1.你的学习态度和经历；2.你的感悟。注意：1.词数100左右；2.题目已为你写好。GoodbyetoMyHighSchoolLife

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．C3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一片应用文，介绍了为学生准备的4中STEM比赛。

【点评】考查阅读理解，涉及到的题型主要是细节理解，需要考生根据题干关键词仔细对比文章里的内容从而选择正确答案，难度不大，但是需要细心和耐心。1．细节题。根据文章NSTAExploraVision下面的Areyouinterestedinwhatthefutureholds?ConsiderExploraVision'sSTEM（science,technology,engineering&mathematics）（competition.你对未来感兴趣吗?想想ExploraVision的STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)竞赛。）可知，NSTAExploraVersion是关于塑造未来的新技术，故选C。2．细节题。根据NSTAExploraVision下面的Workinginteamsoftwotofour（在2-4人的团队中工作），eCyberMission下面的workinginteamsoftwotofourstudents（在2-4人的团队中工作），TEAMSCompetition下面的Workingingroupsoftwotofourstudents（在2-4人的小组中工作）,和TheConradChallenge下面的participantsworkinteamsoftwotofivestudents（参与者在2-5人的团队中工作）可知，四个比赛的共同点是都需要团队合作，故选C。3．细节题。根据TheConradChallenge的CompetitionType:International可知这个比赛是国际间的，会涉及到外国学生，故选D。【答案】4．A5．D6．B7．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者到德国读博士的经历及感想。

【点评】考查阅读理解。主要涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意题的考查，细节理解相对简单一些，需要抓题干中的关键词然后定位到文章相关位置比较选出合适选项，推理判断则需要在细节理解的基础上进一步进行推理，主旨大意题则考查学生的全局观，要求学生通读全文，然后找到主要内容，选出合适主旨。4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知：虽然作为博士后工作的一部分，新科学家获得国际经验是很常见的，但在博士学习期间获得国际经验却不太常见。但它也可能是有益的，说明作者认为博士学习期间在国外学习是非常有用的，故选A。5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段的ComingfromEnglandjustaftermybachelor'sdegreeinphysicswasabigstepandsomewhatrisky.Iwasn'tsureifitwouldhelpmycareerorsuitmypersonalstyle.Iwasfacedwithanumberofquestions.（刚获得物理学学士学位就从英国来到这里是一大步，而且有点冒险。我不确定这对我的事业有帮助还是适合我的个人风格。我面临着许多问题。）可知作者最初来到德国时是困惑的，故选B。6．推理判断题。根据文章第四段的Althoughmovingabroadmeansreducedcontactwithmyhomeuniversityandresearchcommunity,attendingconferencesinBritainhashelpedmenetworkanddevelopasenseofcommunity.（虽然移居国外意味着减少与我家乡的大学和研究团体的联系，但在英国参加会议帮助我建立了关系网，培养了一种社区意识。）可知在英国的经历是通过教他社交来帮助他适应新生活的，故选B。7．主旨大意题。通读全文可知这篇文章主要讲述的是作者在自己博士学习期间来到德国学习的故事，也就是出国读博士的故事，故选A。【答案】8．B9．C10．B11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，主要通过"It'snotmyfault"为切入点，讨论应该如何合理地对待错误。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要题型灵活多样，既涉及比较简单的细节理解题也考查了难度更大一些的推理判断题。本文考查的细节理解主要是对照文章和问题选出答案即可，推理判断涉及到了观点态度，写作手法的判断，需要注意一些常见的写作手法的目的和观点态度的判断方法。8．推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知：各种各样的"这不是我的错"之所以如此流行，是因为它们能让我们摆脱内疚、责备和愤怒。这些情绪可能来自他人的反应或我们自己的自言自语。就青少年而言，他们常常试图逃避责任和对错误的惩罚，说明说"这不是我的错"的人是为了逃避责任和对错误的惩罚，也就是说：想逃避责任和对错误的惩罚的人可能会说这句话，故选A。9．细节理解题。根据文章第四段的Amoreeffectiveapproachistofaceuptodrawbackstofindsolutionstothedrawbacksactively.可知作者认为：更有效的方法是正视缺点，积极寻找解决办法，故选C。10．推理判断题。根据第五段问题后面的Onecouldcertainlystayinwater,yelling,"It'snotmyfault."However,thatisnotgoingtogethimoutofwater.Atsomepoint,heneedstoswimtoshore,regardlessofthefault.（一个人当然可以呆在水里，大喊:"这不是我的错。"然而，这并不能让他离开水。在某个时刻，他需要游到岸边，不管错误是什么。）可知，作者提出这个问题是为了证明自己的观点：要先解决问题，故选B.11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知：就像生活中的大多数事情一样，把自己从责备中解脱出来既有好处也有坏处。问题不在于什么是"正确的"，而在于什么是最有效的前进方式。说明作者写这篇文章的最终目的在于帮助青少年合理面对错误。故选C。【答案】12．B13．D14．A15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道类文章，主要讲述的是为了帮助研究者探索海洋，麻省理工的一些研究者研发出了一种新型水下摄像机以及这种摄像机的特点，

【点评】考查阅读理解。考查的题型有细节理解，推理判断和词义猜测题。学生结合题目关键词定位到文章里，理解文章之后结合选项选出合适答案，在进行词义猜测题的时候可以考虑动词和宾语的搭配以及排除法。12．推理判断题。第一段的数据70%讲的是Withtheoceancoveringmorethan70%oftheEarth'ssurface（海洋覆盖了地球表面的70%以上），10%指的是whichhadchartedonlyabout10%oftheworld'socean.（它只绘制了世界海洋的10%，）35%指的是FortheoceanandcoastalwatersintheUS,thenumberisjustaround35%.（对于美国的海洋和沿海水域，这一数字仅为35%左右。），这几个数字是为了说明海岸占地球表面70%但是研究探测领域只有很少一部分，故选B。13．细节理解题。根据文章第二段Partofthereasonforthelackofobservationisthechallengeofpoweringanunderwatercamera.（缺乏观察的部分原因是水下摄像机的供电困难。）可知限制研究者们海底探索的原因是不能给水下摄像机有效供电，故选D。14．词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句子Recently,researchersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）havetakenamajorstep的意思（最近，麻省理工学院(MIT)的研究人员取得了重大进展）可知，取得重大进展是为了解决问题，划线词是"解决，克服"的意思，A克服B面对C分析D说明，故选A。15．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段可知：这台摄像机是由声音驱动的。它将声波在水中传播的机械能转化为电能，为成像和通信设备提供动力。在获取并编码图像数据后，相机还使用声波将数据发送到接收器，接收器重建图像。这些声波可能来自任何来源，比如过往的船只或海洋生物。由于它不需要电源，相机可以连续运行数周才返回，使科学家能够在海洋的偏远地区寻找新物种。由此可知该水下摄像机是自给自足，节能的，故选D。【答案】16．F；17．G；18．D；19．B；20．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何让自己和他人笑的几个小方法。

【点评】考查七选五。本文是一篇方法介绍类说明文，可以结合文章结构，设空位置句子特点来结合上下文选出最适合的选项。16．根据本段的小标题Readmore可知这一段主要建议多读书，空格前的Getyourhandsoneverythingthatisfunny.意思是：抓住一切有意思的东西，空格后的Hopefully,readinggoodjokesmightinspireyoutostartmakingupyourownjokes.是：希望读到好的笑话能激励你开始自己编笑话。由此可推断空格处应该是让读笑话的，F.You'llbecomefunnierbyreadingandpracticingjokes(通过阅读和练习笑话，你会变得更有趣)符合题意，故选F。17．本空所在的小标题Beobservant（要善于观察）说明本段主要让注意观察，由空前的Lookforthehumorineverydaysituations.（在日常生活中寻找幽默。）可知该题应该是观察日常情况的，日常情况总有些也是有利于帮助你逗别人笑的，G.Theunnoticedhumorrightbeforeyoureyesoftenhasthemosteffect（在你眼前不被注意到的幽默往往效果最好）符合题意，故选G。18．根据空前的Whetherthey'reprofessionalcomedians,yourparentsoryourfriends,learningfromfunnypeopleinyourlifeisakeysteptobeingfunnyyourself.（无论他们是专业的喜剧演员，你的父母还是你的朋友，向生活中有趣的人学习是让自己变得有趣的关键一步。）和空后的Keepanoteofsomeofthefunnythingstheysayordo.（记下他们说的或做的一些有趣的事情。）可知本空描写的是从有趣的人那儿要学习什么，D.Lookforwhatyouadmiremostinthem（找出他们身上你最欣赏的地方）符合题意，故选D。19．根据文章结构可知，这一空是小标题，根据其他小标题可知此空应该是短小的祈使句，BC可以选择，根据下面的Differentthingsmakedifferentpeoplelaugh.Whenyou'reinagroupofpeopleyoudon'tknow,listentowhatsubjectsthey'retalkingaboutandwhat'smakingthemlaugh.Thebetteryouknowthem,theeasieritwillbetomakethemlaugh.（不同的事情使不同的人发笑。当你和一群不认识的人在一起时，听听他们在谈论什么话题，什么让他们笑。你越了解他们，就越容易逗他们笑。）可知这一段讲的是要了解你的听众，B.Knowyouraudience（了解你的听众）符合题意，故选B。20．根据空格后的youjustneedtobringitout.（你只需要把它展现出来。）可知it本身存在，你需要做的才是展现出来，A.It'salreadyinyou（它已经在你体内了）符合题意，故选A。【答案】21．B；22．A；23．C；24．D；25．A；26．D；27．C；28．B；29．C；30．A；31．C；32．D；33．D；34．A；35．B；36．A；37．C；38．D；39．B；40．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是作者买衣服上瘾，某一天算上月支出时很震惊自己的总支出决心做出改变：一年不买新衣服，最终成功改变了买衣服上瘾的习惯。

【点评】考查完形填空。涉及到了名词，动词，形容词，副词，介词短语的辨析及用法，题型综合性强，考查范围广，要求学生记忆单词用法及含义的同时还要结合上下文选择合适答案。21．句意：如今，网上购物很受欢迎，但我对衣服的上瘾是通过超市发展起来的。A.contribution"贡献，捐款"；B.addiction"上瘾"；C.response"回应"；D.approach"方法"。根据后文的WheneverIfeltboredor4,Iboughtmyselfsomethingnewtowear.（每当我感到无聊或4时，我就给自己买些新衣服穿。）可知，作者买衣服是上瘾的，故选B。22．句意：当他们开始卖时装时，我发现自己正在为自己挑选漂亮的衣服。A.picking"挑选"；B.checking"检查"；C.making"制作"；D.carrying"携带"。根据常识当超市卖时装时，是要为自己挑选衣服的，故选A。23．句意：我的衣柜很快就装满了。A.broke"打破"；B.ended"结束"；C.filled"装满"；D.shut"关闭"。根据前文Whentheystartedsellingfashion,Ifoundmyselfpickingoutfancyitemsformyself.（当他们开始卖时装时，我发现自己正在为自己挑选漂亮的衣服。）可知，作者在不断买衣服，衣柜自然很快就会装满，故选C。24．句意：每当我感到无聊或有压力时，我就给自己买些新衣服穿。A.relaxed"放松的"；B.curious"好奇的"；C.satisfied"满意的"；D.stressed"有压力的"。根据or可知，空格处的单词应该和前面的bored相近，D符合题意都是比较消极的情绪，故选D。25．句意：有一天，当我加起来我上个月花的钱时，我大吃一惊。A.addedup"加起来"；B.putaside"存储，暂时搁置"；C.handedover"交出"；D.tookaway"带走".根据题意可知是："我在计算上月花的钱"，A符合题意，故选A。26．句意：有一天，当我加起来我上个月花的钱时，我大吃一惊。A.trouble"麻烦"；B.puzzle"难题";C.idea"主意"；D.shock"震惊"，根据后文的SoIdecidedtochange.（所以我决定改变）可知，"我"应该是震惊的，故选D。27．句意：有一年新年，我做了一个声明：我要一整年不买衣服。A.reservation"保留，预订"；B.choice"选择";C.announcement"声明"；D.prediction"预测"。根据空后的Iwouldstopbuyingclothesforafullyear.（我会一整年不买衣服。）可知，"我"声明自己会一整年不买衣服，故选C。28．句意：我的家人难以置信地笑了，因为他们知道我有多喜欢购物，但这让我更加坚决地那样做。A.confusion"困惑"；B.disbelief"不信任"；C.excitement"激动"；D.embarrassment"尴尬"。根据后面的becausetheyknewhowIlovedtoshop（因为他们知道我多爱购物）可知家人是不相信地笑了，故选B。29．句意：我的家人难以置信地笑了，因为他们知道我有多喜欢购物，但这让我更加坚决地那样做。A.confidnet"有信心的"；B.discouraged"泄气的，心灰意冷的"；C.determined"意志坚定的"；D.interested"感兴趣的"。but表示转折，说明和前文不一样，前文家人不信任，这里应该是我更坚定，故选C。30．句意：今年年初尤其艰难，因为所有的促销都在进行，我真的很喜欢这种减价品。A.tough"艰难的"；B.promising"有希望的"；C.smooth"顺利的"；D.amazing"令人惊叹的"。根据后文的asallthesaleswereon,andIreallylovethe___.(因为所有的促销都在进行，我真的很喜欢这______)可知作者一开始不买衣服非常艰难，故选A。31．句意：今年年初尤其艰难，因为所有的促销都在进行，我真的很喜欢这种减价品。A.dress"裙子"；B.item"东西"；C.bargain"减价品"；D.store"商店"。根据空前的asallthesaleswereon（因为所有的促销都在进行）可知，促销会有很多的减价品，故选C。32．句意：看到这么多可爱的裙子和外套，我知道自己一件也买不到，几乎要哭了。A.worry"担心"；B.smile"微笑"；C.refuse"拒绝"；D.cry"哭泣"。根据前文作者极其喜欢买衣服，这里我知道自己一件也买不到应该是几乎要哭的反应，故选D。33．句意：但我熬过了1月，在2月躲起来，3月整理了衣橱。A.gave"给"；B.passed"通过"；C.threw"扔"；D.hid"藏"。根据文章作者声明自己要一年不买衣服，一月很艰难，三月收拾衣橱，说明二月份作者躲起来没买衣服，故选D。34．句意：那时我发现了长期被遗忘的衣服。A.long-forgotten"长期被遗忘的"；B.badly-treated"虐待的"；C.well-made"做工精良的"；D.easily-obtained"容易得到的，容易获得的"。根据后面的Someofthemstillhadthetags（标签）on!（他们中有些标签还在）可知，有些衣服被遗忘了，故选A。35．句意：然后我重新穿上那些自从我买了之后几乎没见过光的衣服。A.color"颜色"；B.light"光"；C.beauty"美丽"；D.value"价值"。根据前文Someofthemstillhadthetags（标签）on!（他们中有些标签还在）可知，有些衣服就没穿过，没见过光，故选B。36．句意：我甚至穿着同样的裙子连续参加了两次派对，在那里我和朋友们玩得很开心，没有人提到我的裙子。A.inarow"连续"；B.atadistance"在远处"；C.inaway"以某种方式"；D.ataloss"困惑"。连续参加两次派对，故选A。37．句意：我甚至穿着同样的裙子连续参加了两次派对，在那里我和朋友们玩得很开心，没有人提到我的裙子。A.exchanged"交换"；B.liked"喜欢"；C.mentioned"提及"；D.selected"挑选"。在派对玩的开心，别人不提到作者的裙子，故选C。38．句意：我突然意识到我不需要很多新衣服。A.remembered"记得"；B.regretted"后悔"；C.imagined"想象"；D.realized"意识到"。根据前文Ievenworethesamedresstotwopartiesinaraw,whereIhadmuchfunwithmyfriendsandnoonementionedmydress.（我甚至穿着同样的裙子连续参加了两次派对，在那里我和朋友们玩得很开心，没有人提到我的裙子。)可以推断出来"我突然意识到不需要很多衣服"，故选D。39．句意：我熬过了一年不买衣服的日子，现在我买新东西之前会仔细考虑。A.wearing"穿"；B.purchasing"买"；C.changing"改变"；D.washing"洗"。根据文章可知作者要一年不买衣服，故选B。40．句意：我熬过了一年不买衣服的日子，现在我买新东西之前会仔细考虑。A.casually"随意地"；B.carefully"仔细地"；C.gradually"逐渐地"；D.constantly"不断地"。"思考"应该是"仔细地思考"，故选B。【答案】41．werewritten；42．a；43．inspiration；44．asked；45．Tocreate；46．heavily；47．which；48．and；49．allowing；50．accessible【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻类报道，主要讲的是最近一个研究团队受荀子的启发创造