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第05讲Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?SectionA模块一单词预习模块二课文预习模块三考点精讲精练模块四语法精讲精练模块五小试牛刀过关测1.预习SectionA新单词2.预习SectionA新课文3.掌握SectionA核心考点4.掌握语法情态动词could的用法rubbish['rʌbɪʃ/]n.垃圾;废弃物takeouttherubbish倒垃圾fold[fəʊld/]v.折叠;对折sweep[swi:p/]v.(swept/swept/)扫;打扫floor[flɔ:(r)/]n.地板mess[mes/]n.杂乱;不整洁throw[θrəʊ/]v.(threw/θru:/)扔;掷allthetime频繁;反复neither['naɪðə/,/'ni:ðə(r)/]adv.也不shirt[ʃɜ:(r)t/]n.衬衫assoonas一就;尽快pass[pɑ:s/,/pæs/]v.给;递;走过;通过borrow['bɒrəʊ/,/'bɑ:rəʊ]v.借;借用lend[lend/]v.(lent/lent/)借给;借出finger['fɪŋgə(r)/]n.手指hate[heɪt/]v.厌恶;讨厌chore[tʃɔ:(r)/]n.杂务;乏味无聊的工作while[waɪl/]conj.与同时;当的时候;而;然而SectionA2dSister:Tony,couldyoupleasehelpoutwithafewthings?Brother:CouldIatleast(至少)finishwatchingthisshow(表演)?Sister:No.IthinktwohoursofTVis(与twohoursofTV这个短语内容整体保持主谓一致)enoughforyou!Brother:Fine.Whatdoyouwantmetodo?Sister:Couldyoutakeout(倒掉)therubbish,fold(折叠)theclothesanddothedishes(洗碗)?Brother:Somuch?Sister:Yes,becauseMomwillbebackfromshoppinganyminutenow(随时).Andshewon'tbehappyifsheseesthismess.Brother:Butthehouseisalreadypretty(作副词,表”非常“)cleanandtidy!Sister:Yes,well,it'sclean,butit'snot“motherclean”(母亲眼里的干净)!SectionA3aLastmonth,ourdogwelcomedmewhenIcamehomefromschool.Hewantedawalk,butIwastootired(adj.累).Ithrewdownmybagandwenttothelivingroom.TheminuteIsatdown(我坐下的那一刻)infrontoftheTV,mymomcameover(过来).“Couldyoupleasetakethedogforawalk(遛狗)?”sheasked.“CouldIwatchoneshowfirst?”Iasked.“No!”sherepliedangrily.“YouwatchTVallthetimeandneverhelpoutaroundthehouse!Ican'tworkalldayanddohouseworkallevening.”“Well,Iworkalldayatschool,too!I'mjustastiredas(一样累)youare!”Ishoutedback.Mymomdidnotsayanythingandwalkedaway.Foroneweek(持续一周),shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI(”我也没做“,是倒装句的否定形式,否定用neither,肯定用so).Finally,Icouldnotfindacleandishoracleanshirt.Thenextday,mymomcamehomefromworktofindthehousecleanandtidy.“Whathappened?”sheaskedinsurprise.“I'msosorry,Mom.Ifinallyunderstandthatweneedtosharethehouseworktohaveacleanandcomfortablehome,”Ireplied.考点1.Couldyouplease...?的用法用法分析Couldyouplease…?意为“请你.…..好吗?”,这是礼貌地提出请求的一种句型。could不表示过去,而是表示委婉、客气、诚恳的语气,please后应接动词原形。你能帮我算出这道数学题吗?Couldyoupleasehelpmeworkoutthe’mathproblem?注意以could开头的表示请求的问句,其肯定回答可以用Sure/Ofcourse.Certainly./Withpleasure.等,也可以用...can/may,不能...could;否定回答可以用I’msorry,Ican’t/I’mafraidnot/I’dloveto,but...等,也可以用…can’t/mustn’t,不能用...couldn’t。【知识拓展】1.常见表示委婉请求做某事的句型及其答语委婉请求:Couldyouplease+dosth?Couldyou+dosth?Wouldyouplease+dosth?Wouldyou+dosth?肯定回答:Sure./Ofcourse./Noproblem./I’dloveto.否定回答:Sorry./Sorry,Ican’t./I’dloveto,but...2.Couldyouplease...?句型的否定结构是在please后加not。☞Couldyoupleasenotmakenoises?请你不要制造噪音好吗?1.——请你叠一下衣服好吗?——是的,当然可以。—________________________________________________________theclothes?—Yes,______________.2.——请你洗一下餐具好吗?——对不起,我得做作业。—______________youplease______________thedishes?—______________.Ihavetodomyhomework.考点2.takeout的用法用法分析takeout意为“拿出;取出”,其中out是副词。接代词做宾语时,要放在take和out之间,接名词做宾语时,放在take和out之间或out之后均可。如果表示“把从…….拿出”常用take...outof...。出去时把垃圾倒掉。Taketherubbishoutwhenyougoout.知识拓展常见take构成的短语1.字典在我的书包里。我马上拿出来。Thedictionaryisinmyschoolbag.I’ll__________________________________________.2.天气很热。请脱下你的外套吧。It’sveryhot.Please____________________________yourcoat.考点3.atleast的用法用法分析atleast意为“至少(可以或应该)”,表示埋怨,通常与could,should,must,might等情态动词连用,多指数量或程度上的最低限度。其反义词组为atmost,表示“至多;不超过”。这趟旅行至少要三天时间。Thetripwilltakethreedaysatleast.他起码要出去一个星期。He’sgoingawayforatleastaweek.你至少应该有点儿礼貌。Youshouldatleastbepolite.考点4.finish的用法用法分析finish做动词,意为“完成;结束”,后接名词/代词/动词-ing形式,不可接不定式。你能在三天内读完这本书吗?Canyoufinishreadingthebookinthreedays?考点拓展常接动名词做宾语的词汇:enjoy,miss,mind,finish,practice,havefun,bebusy,can’thelp,giveup。—Canyoucometomybirthdaypartytonight?—Yes,I’dloveto.ButIhavetofinishmyEnglishhomeworkfirst.A.doing B.todo C.does考点5.mess的用法用法分析mess为名词,意为“杂乱;不整洁”。这个房间杂乱不堪。Theroomisinamess.固定搭配inamess乱七八糟makeamess弄脏;搞成一团糟Hefoundhisroominamess.他发现自己的房间乱七八糟。Thekidsmadeamessinthelivingroom.孩子们把客厅搞得一塌糊涂。—Couldyoutakeouttherubbishanddothedishes,Tony?—Sure.Momwillbemadifsheseesthis______________,Ithink.A.matter B.mess C.trouble D.difficulty考点6.throw的用法用法分析throw为动词,意为“扔;掷”,过去式是threw,过去分词是thrown。Mychildthrewabananatothemonkey.我的孩子扔了一个香蕉给猴子。固定搭配throw的用法throwsth.tosb./throwsb.sth.将某物扔给某人throwsth.atsb.用某物砸某人throwaway扔掉;错过(机会等)It’stooheavy.Don’tthrowittome!它太重了。不要把它扔给我!Theboysarethrowingstonesatthewall.那些男孩在用石头砸墙。Ineverthrowanythingaway.我什么东西都不舍得扔。—Don’tthewastepaper.Wecancolletandrecycleit.一You’reright.Everyoneshouldbeagreenerperson.A.blowaway B.putaway C.throwaway考点7.theminute(that)的用法用法分析theminute...意为"一……就……",引导时间状语从句,主句用一般将来时态时,从句一般用一般现在时,与其用法一样的还有assoonas...。句子时态遵从"主将从现"原则。"主将从现"原则,即主句若为一般将来时,从句则用一般现在时表示将来。I’lltellhimtheminutehecomes.他一来我就告诉他。Wewillleaveassoonasitstopsraining.=Wewillleavetheminuteitstopsraining.雨一停,我们就动身离开。IwilldosomecleaningassoonasI______________myhomework.A.finish B.willfinish C.hasfinished D.finished考点8.comeover的用法用法分析come;over意为“过来”,多指朋友、亲戚或熟人之间的非正式的探望活动,后接地点名词做宾语时要加to,后接地点副词则不用to。Ifyouneedadvice,comeoveranytime.如果你需要建议,随时过来。注意comeover还可意为“顺便来访”。—Summervacationiscoming!Iamthinkingaboutvisitingsomeplacesofinterest.—WhynotJingzhouandhavealookattheancientcitywall?A.comeout B.comealong C.comeupwith D.comeoverto考点9.allthetime的用法用法分析allthetime意为“一直;总是”,常位于句末,强调在某段时间内一直进行或发生的事,常和进行时态连用,相当于thewholetime。他们一直在唱歌。Theyaresingingallthetime.考点辨析allthetime,always(1)allthetime侧重于一段时间内连续的动作,或时间上的不间断,表示没有停止,通常用于句末。Ifyouarefamous,peoplewillwatchyouallthetimeandfollowyoueverywhere.如果你出了名,人们将一直关注着你,到处追随着你。(2)always为频度副词,侧重于频率,表示同期性的规律,含有“每.…..都是”的意思,通常位于实义动词前,助动词、情态动词或系动词之后。Ialwaysgetupat5:00inthemorning.我总是在早上五点起床。—Iheardyoumadeanewfamilyrule“Putawayyourphonewhileathome.”—Yes.Wewerebusycheckingourmobilephonesbefore,butnowweenjoycommunicatingwithourfamily.A.always B.never C.seldom D.sometimes考点10.“neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”的用法用法分析“neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”表示上句否定的情况也适合于后者。“Neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语I”相当于Meneither。他们昨天没有看电视。—Theydidn’twatchTVyesterday.我也没看。—Meneither./NeitherdidI.他不是医生。—Heisnotadoctor.我也不是。—Meneither./NeitheramI.知识拓展neither用法小结形容词(1)表示"(两者)都不",置于单数名词之前;(2)其修饰的词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。Neithercarisexactlywhatshewants.这两辆车,哪一辆都不是她想要的。代词(1)作主语时谓语动词常用单数;(2)常与of连用,neitherof+名词复数。Neitheroftheanswersisright.两个答案都不对。连词(1)常用短语neither...nor"既不……也不……",连接两个并列成分,表示否定意义;(2)连接并列主语时,谓语动词遵循"就近原则"。NeitherhenorIamgoodatswimming.我和他都不擅长游泳。【易错提醒】(1)表示"既……也……;两者都……"用both...and...连接并列成分,连接并列主语时,谓语动词用复数。(2)表示"或者……或者……(二者任选其一)",用either...or。(3)表示"(三者以上)都不",用none(of)。1.昨天他没看足球赛,我也没看。Hedidn’twatchthesoccergameyesterdayand____________________________I.2.玛丽和露西都不在纽约工作。______________Mary______________Lucy______________inNewYork.考点11.pass的用法用法分析passv.给,递,其常用结构为passsth.tosb.(=passsb.sth.),意为“把某物传给/递给某人”,但当直接宾语是代词时,只能使用passsth.tosb.结构。Passthebooktome,please.=Passmethebook,please.请把那本书递给我。固定搭配(1)passon意为“传递”。Pleasepassthepaperontoothercomrades.请把这份文件传给其他同志。(2)passv.通过;路过。Ipassyourhouse.我路过你家。(3)passv.通过(考试);及格。Arthurcanpasshismathexam.阿瑟可以通过他的数学考试。考点12.borrow,lend,keep的用法不同方式的"借"lend借出非延续性动词,表示主语把东西借给别人,常用结构:lendsbsth或lendsthtosbborrow借入非延续性动词,表示主语向别人借东西,常用结构:borrowsthfromsbkeep借(多久)延续性动词,表示"借某物多长时间",与表示一段时间的时间状语连用1.你能把你的电子词典借给我吗?Couldyou______________youre-dictionary______________me?2.鲍勃,我能借你一些钱吗?Bob,couldI______________somemoney______________you?3.这本书你可以借两周。Youcan______________thisbookfortwoweeks.考点13.hate的用法用法分析hate为动词,意为“厌恶;讨厌”,其反义词是love或like。它用作及物动词时,其后接名词、代词做宾语,也可接动词-ing形式或动词不定式做宾语。hate表示一种感情或心理状态,在一般情况下,不用于进行时态。ThelazyboyhatesstudyingEnglish.这个懒惰的男孩不喜欢学习英语。考点辨析hatetodosth.,hatedoingsth.(1)hatetodosth.讨厌做某事,表示某次具体行为或动作。Ihatetoseeyouinsuchlowspirits.我讨厌看到你这么情绪低落的样子。(2)hatedoingsth.不愿意做某事,不喜欢做某事,表示泛指的行为,是经常或习惯性的行为或动作。Shehatessmokinginherroom.她不喜欢在她房间里吸烟。考点14.while的用法用法分析while做连词,表示“在.…..期间;当…...的时候”。while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续性动词。while用于表示一段较长的时间或一个过程,强调主句的动词和从句的动词表示的动作或状态是同时发生的,常对同类的两个动作进行对比。妈妈在看电视的时候,我在写信。IwaswritingaletterwhileMomwaswatchingTV.我读的时候,请写下来。PleasewritewhileIread.知识拓展while用法小结用法例句常用来引导时间状语从句,强调主句的动词和从句的动词所表示的动作或状态同时发生WhileIwasdoingmyhomeworklastnight,myparentswerewatchingTV.昨天晚上我在做作业时,我的父母在看电视。用作并列连词时,意为"然而",表示对比Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothersdon’thaveenough.有些人浪费食物,然而有些人却没有足够的食物。作名词,意为"一会儿;一段时间"Weareoffforawhile.我们要离开一会儿。1.你们做作业时,请不要闲聊。Pleasedon’tchat______________you’re______________yourhomework.2.昨天我在公园里散步时,看到一只猫爬到了一棵高大的树上。______________Iwas______________awalkinthepark,Isawacatclimbupatalltree.考点15.insurprise用法用法分析介词短语insurprise表示状态,意思是"吃惊地,惊讶地"。Shelookedatmeingreatsurpriseandaskedforalongwhile,"Don’tyoujustleaveforAustraliathismorning?"她极其惊讶地看着我,好久才问道:"你不是今早才离开去澳大利亚了吗?"HelookedupinsurprisedwhenIahouted.当我叫喊时,他惊讶地往上看。知识拓展with也可与surprise搭配,withsurprise与insurprise表达的意思相同。Bill’seyeswidenedwithsurprisewhenhesawhowmuchthemealcost.当比尔看到这顿饭的价钱时,他吃惊地瞪大了眼睛。"Youwonthegame?"Jackaskedme______________.A.insurprise B.insurprised C.surprising D.surprises情态动词could的用法情态动词could构成的句型用于向对方委婉地提出请求或征求对方的许可,它本身不能做谓语,必须和不带to的动词原形一起构成谓语。一、基本用法1.could用于第一人称,表示希望得到对方的许可。句型CouldI...?意为“我可以做.…...吗?”,用于请求对方允许自已做某事,此时could不是can的过去式。肯定回答:Yes,youcan./Yes,please./Yes,sure./Certainly.否定回答:No,youcan’t./Sorry,youcan’t./No,I’mafraidyoucan’t.。—CouldIsmokehere,please?请问我能在这里抽烟吗?一Yes,youcan.是的,你能。—CouldIgotothemovieswithmyfriendtomorrow,Mum?妈妈,我明天可以和朋友去看电影吗?—No,youcan’t.Youshouldtakeyourpianolesson.不,不行。你要上钢琴课。2.could用于第二人称,表示委婉地提出请求。句型Couldyou(please)do...?意为“(请)你做..….好吗?”,用于提出要求或请求,其否定形式为Couldyoupleasenot...?肯定回答:Yes,sure/ofcourse.(是的,当然可以)。Noproblem.没问题。Withpleasure.乐意帮忙。Sure/Ofcourse/Certainly,Ican.当然可以。否定回答:Certainlynot,当然不。Sorry,Ican’t.Ihaveto...对不起,我不能。我得...…Sorry,I’mgoingto...对不起,我将要...…I’mafraidIcan’t.Ihaveto...我恐怕不能。我得..….I’mafraidnot.恐怕不行。—Couldyoupleasegohikingwithmetomorrow?明天你能和我—起去徒步吗?—Sorry,Ican’t.havetostudyforatest.对不起,我不能。我得为考试而学习。二、特殊用法1.表示请求允许,即请求别人允许自己做某事,could和can都可以用,但could语气更委婉。Could/CanIgo?我可以去吗?2.表示给予允许,即自己允许别人做某事,一般只用can,而不能用could.—CouldIuseyourdictionary?我可以用你的词典吗?—Yes,ofcourseyoucan.当然可以。【巩固练习】一.用can’t/could/must/haveto填空1.—_______________youlendmesomemoney?—Sure.Howmuchdoyouneed?2.—_______________youpleasecleanthelivingroom?—Sorry,I_______________.I_______________domyhomeworknow.3.LiYundi_______________playthepianoverywellwhenhewas7yearsold.4.—CouldIgooutfordinner?—No,you_______________doyourhomework.5.—Whataboutseeinganewfilmthisevening?—IamafraidI_______________.I_______________finishmymathexercisesthisevening.二.选用下面方框中的语句完成下面的对话。Yes,sure.Sorry,Ican’t.Yes,youcan.No,youcan’t.CouldyoupleaseCouldI1.A:______________sweepthefloor?B:______________I’mtootired.2.A:______________usethecar?B:______________Yourfatherneedsit.3.A:______________cleanyourbedroom?B:______________I’mtoobusy.4.A:______________foldyourclothes?B:______________Iwilldothatatonce.5.A:______________gotothemovies?B:______________AndI’llgowithyou.三.根据每一小题后的提示语回答下面的问题1.Q:Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?(Sorry/dothedishes)A:______________________________________________________________2.Q:CouldIstayoutlate?(No/babysityoursister)A:______________________________________________________________3.Q:Couldyoupleasemakeyourbed?(Yes/sure)A:______________________________________________________________4.Q:CouldIuseyourbicycle?(No/needittoday)A:______________________________________________________________5.Q:Couldyoupleasetakeoutthetrash?(Sorry/practicethepiano)A:______________________________________________________________四.完成句子1.——请你帮我学英语好吗?——好的,当然可以。—________you________helpmewithmyEnglish?—Yes,________.2.——你把房间打扫一下好吗?——对不起,我得做作业。—________you________________theroom?—Sorry,I________.Ihavetodomyhomework.3.——请问我能看电视吗?——是的,你能。—________IwatchTV?—Yes,you________.4.——请问我能用一下你的自行车吗?——不,你不能。我得骑车外出。—________I________yourbike?—No,you________.Ihavetogoout.5.——当你4岁时,你会唱英语歌吗?——不能。—_______________________Englishsongswhenyouwerefouryearsold?—________,I________.6.——我能在这儿吸烟吗?——对不起,你不能。—________________smokehere?—________________,youcan’t.7.请递给我那本书好吗?________________________________methatbook?8.——请你帮我洗车好吗?——对不起,我不能。我必须去上学。—Couldyoupleasehelpmewashthecar?—_______________,______________________________.Ihavetogotoschool.一.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示写出所缺单词1.LastweekSuzy(借)thefourgreatclassicalChinesenovelsfromHenry.
2.LinTaousually(折叠)thequiltafterhegetsupeverymorning.3.—What’sup?—Ihavetwocomputers,butnofthemcanwork.
4.—Couldyoulmesomemoney?
—Hmm.Howmuchdoyouneed?5.Tonyalwayssthefloorandhissisterhelpswithotherchoresathome.二.单项选择6.—Here’stoomuchrubbish.Couldyouplease?
—Withpleasure.I’lldoitatonce.A.giveitout B.leaveitout C.takeitout7.Mindhealthisasasbodyhealth.
A.important B.moreimportant C.themostimportant8.“Whathappened?Iheardsomeonecrying,”Mr.Brownasked.
“Dad,wesawasnakeinourgardenjustnow.”A.insilence B.insurprise C.indanger9.—Jack,couldyoupleasehelpmetakeoutthetrash?—Sorry,I,Mom.Imyhomeworknow.A.couldn’t;amdoing B.can’t;amdoing C.can’t;do10.Couldyouplease?Youneedtogooutandrestyoureyesafterreadingforsolong.
A.cleanthekitchen B.takeoutthetrash C.dothedishes11.—Lucy,I’mpooratEnglish.Couldyougivemesomeadvice?—Youcanspeakitasaspossible.
A.much B.more C.most12.—LiPing,Ididn’tgocampinglastyear.—.
A.SodidI B.NeitherdidIC.NeitherIdid D.SoIdid13.TheOlympicspirittellsusnobodycanwin,sojustenjoythegames.
A.allthetime B.intimeC.atthesametime D.ontime14.—Mom,couldIsurftheInternetafterfinishingmyhomework?—.You’dbettergooutforawalk.A.Goahead B.Sorry,youcan’t C.Ofcourseyoucan15.—DoyouliketalkingwithyourfriendsonthetelephoneorontheInternet?—.Ienjoychattingfacetoface.
A.Neither B.Either C.Both D.None三.根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词16.我一坐在电视前面,我妈妈就过来了。TheminuteIsatdowninfrontoftheTV,mymom.
17.我弟弟一回到家就写作业。Mybrotherwilldohishomeworkhecomesbackhome.
18.你爸爸在家总是玩手机吗?Doesyourfatherplaywithhismobilephoneathome?
19.在适应这里的生活后,汤姆过得和以前一样幸福。(happy)Aftergettingusedtothelifehere,Tomlivesbefore.
20.有人给我的一个好建议是拿上旧衣服,走后把它们扔掉。Onegoodtipsomeonegavemeistotakeoldclothesandjustwhenyoumoveon.
四.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Nowadaysstudentsarealwaysbusywiththeirschoolwork.Theyhavetodomuchhomeworkandtakemanyexams,somostofthemareunderstress.Inthissituation,someparentsseldomasktheirchildren21(do)anychores.Theythinktheirchildrenjustneed22(study)hard.However,Idon’tagreewiththisidea.Herearesomeofmyideas.
First,doingthehouseworkcanhelpchildrenunderstandtheideaof23(fair).Inafamily,it’severyone’sjob39(share)thehousework.Andifchildrendothehouseworkathome,they24(understand)theirparentsbetter.Second,kidswillleavetheirparentsandlivetheirownlives,sotheycan’tdepend25theirparentsallthetime.Third,doingthehouseworkcanhelpchildrenkeephealthy.Afterhours’study,childrencanrelaxby26(do)somehousework,suchaswashingtheclothesand27(sweep)theyard.
第05讲Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?SectionA模块一单词预习模块二课文预习模块三考点精讲精练模块四语法精讲精练模块五小试牛刀过关测1.预习SectionA新单词2.预习SectionA新课文3.掌握SectionA核心考点4.掌握语法情态动词could的用法rubbish['rʌbɪʃ/]n.垃圾;废弃物takeouttherubbish倒垃圾fold[fəʊld/]v.折叠;对折sweep[swi:p/]v.(swept/swept/)扫;打扫floor[flɔ:(r)/]n.地板mess[mes/]n.杂乱;不整洁throw[θrəʊ/]v.(threw/θru:/)扔;掷allthetime频繁;反复neither['naɪðə/,/'ni:ðə(r)/]adv.也不shirt[ʃɜ:(r)t/]n.衬衫assoonas一就;尽快pass[pɑ:s/,/pæs/]v.给;递;走过;通过borrow['bɒrəʊ/,/'bɑ:rəʊ]v.借;借用lend[lend/]v.(lent/lent/)借给;借出finger['fɪŋgə(r)/]n.手指hate[heɪt/]v.厌恶;讨厌chore[tʃɔ:(r)/]n.杂务;乏味无聊的工作while[waɪl/]conj.与同时;当的时候;而;然而SectionA2dSister:Tony,couldyoupleasehelpoutwithafewthings?Brother:CouldIatleast(至少)finishwatchingthisshow(表演)?Sister:No.IthinktwohoursofTVis(与twohoursofTV这个短语内容整体保持主谓一致)enoughforyou!Brother:Fine.Whatdoyouwantmetodo?Sister:Couldyoutakeout(倒掉)therubbish,fold(折叠)theclothesanddothedishes(洗碗)?Brother:Somuch?Sister:Yes,becauseMomwillbebackfromshoppinganyminutenow(随时).Andshewon'tbehappyifsheseesthismess.Brother:Butthehouseisalreadypretty(作副词,表”非常“)cleanandtidy!Sister:Yes,well,it'sclean,butit'snot“motherclean”(母亲眼里的干净)!SectionA3aLastmonth,ourdogwelcomedmewhenIcamehomefromschool.Hewantedawalk,butIwastootired(adj.累).Ithrewdownmybagandwenttothelivingroom.TheminuteIsatdown(我坐下的那一刻)infrontoftheTV,mymomcameover(过来).“Couldyoupleasetakethedogforawalk(遛狗)?”sheasked.“CouldIwatchoneshowfirst?”Iasked.“No!”sherepliedangrily.“YouwatchTVallthetimeandneverhelpoutaroundthehouse!Ican'tworkalldayanddohouseworkallevening.”“Well,Iworkalldayatschool,too!I'mjustastiredas(一样累)youare!”Ishoutedback.Mymomdidnotsayanythingandwalkedaway.Foroneweek(持续一周),shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI(”我也没做“,是倒装句的否定形式,否定用neither,肯定用so).Finally,Icouldnotfindacleandishoracleanshirt.Thenextday,mymomcamehomefromworktofindthehousecleanandtidy.“Whathappened?”sheaskedinsurprise.“I'msosorry,Mom.Ifinallyunderstandthatweneedtosharethehouseworktohaveacleanandcomfortablehome,”Ireplied.考点1.Couldyouplease...?的用法用法分析Couldyouplease…?意为“请你.…..好吗?”,这是礼貌地提出请求的一种句型。could不表示过去,而是表示委婉、客气、诚恳的语气,please后应接动词原形。你能帮我算出这道数学题吗?Couldyoupleasehelpmeworkoutthe’mathproblem?注意以could开头的表示请求的问句,其肯定回答可以用Sure/Ofcourse.Certainly./Withpleasure.等,也可以用...can/may,不能...could;否定回答可以用I’msorry,Ican’t/I’mafraidnot/I’dloveto,but...等,也可以用…can’t/mustn’t,不能用...couldn’t。【知识拓展】1.常见表示委婉请求做某事的句型及其答语委婉请求:Couldyouplease+dosth?Couldyou+dosth?Wouldyouplease+dosth?Wouldyou+dosth?肯定回答:Sure./Ofcourse./Noproblem./I’dloveto.否定回答:Sorry./Sorry,Ican’t./I’dloveto,but...2.Couldyouplease...?句型的否定结构是在please后加not。☞Couldyoupleasenotmakenoises?请你不要制造噪音好吗?1.——请你叠一下衣服好吗?——是的,当然可以。—________________________________________________________theclothes?—Yes,______________.2.——请你洗一下餐具好吗?——对不起,我得做作业。—______________youplease______________thedishes?—______________.Ihavetodomyhomework.【答案】①Couldyoupleasefold;sure ②Could;do;Sorry考点2.takeout的用法用法分析takeout意为“拿出;取出”,其中out是副词。接代词做宾语时,要放在take和out之间,接名词做宾语时,放在take和out之间或out之后均可。如果表示“把从…….拿出”常用take...outof...。出去时把垃圾倒掉。Taketherubbishoutwhenyougoout.知识拓展常见take构成的短语1.字典在我的书包里。我马上拿出来。Thedictionaryisinmyschoolbag.I’ll__________________________________________.2.天气很热。请脱下你的外套吧。It’sveryhot.Please____________________________yourcoat.1.takeitout 2.takeoff考点3.atleast的用法用法分析atleast意为“至少(可以或应该)”,表示埋怨,通常与could,should,must,might等情态动词连用,多指数量或程度上的最低限度。其反义词组为atmost,表示“至多;不超过”。这趟旅行至少要三天时间。Thetripwilltakethreedaysatleast.他起码要出去一个星期。He’sgoingawayforatleastaweek.你至少应该有点儿礼貌。Youshouldatleastbepolite.考点4.finish的用法用法分析finish做动词,意为“完成;结束”,后接名词/代词/动词-ing形式,不可接不定式。你能在三天内读完这本书吗?Canyoufinishreadingthebookinthreedays?考点拓展常接动名词做宾语的词汇:enjoy,miss,mind,finish,practice,havefun,bebusy,can’thelp,giveup。—Canyoucometomybirthdaypartytonight?—Yes,I’dloveto.ButIhavetofinish___A___myEnglishhomeworkfirst.A.doing B.todo C.does考点5.mess的用法用法分析mess为名词,意为“杂乱;不整洁”。这个房间杂乱不堪。Theroomisinamess.固定搭配inamess乱七八糟makeamess弄脏;搞成一团糟Hefoundhisroominamess.他发现自己的房间乱七八糟。Thekidsmadeamessinthelivingroom.孩子们把客厅搞得一塌糊涂。—Couldyoutakeouttherubbishanddothedishes,Tony?—Sure.Momwillbemadifsheseesthis______________,Ithink.A.matter B.mess C.trouble D.difficulty【答案】B考点6.throw的用法用法分析throw为动词,意为“扔;掷”,过去式是threw,过去分词是thrown。Mychildthrewabananatothemonkey.我的孩子扔了一个香蕉给猴子。固定搭配throw的用法throwsth.tosb./throwsb.sth.将某物扔给某人throwsth.atsb.用某物砸某人throwaway扔掉;错过(机会等)It’stooheavy.Don’tthrowittome!它太重了。不要把它扔给我!Theboysarethrowingstonesatthewall.那些男孩在用石头砸墙。Ineverthrowanythingaway.我什么东西都不舍得扔。—Don’t___C___thewastepaper.Wecancolletandrecycleit.一You’reright.Everyoneshouldbeagreenerperson.A.blowaway B.putaway C.throwaway考点7.theminute(that)的用法用法分析theminute...意为"一……就……",引导时间状语从句,主句用一般将来时态时,从句一般用一般现在时,与其用法一样的还有assoonas...。句子时态遵从"主将从现"原则。"主将从现"原则,即主句若为一般将来时,从句则用一般现在时表示将来。I’lltellhimtheminutehecomes.他一来我就告诉他。Wewillleaveassoonasitstopsraining.=Wewillleavetheminuteitstopsraining.雨一停,我们就动身离开。IwilldosomecleaningassoonasI______________myhomework.A.finish B.willfinish C.hasfinished D.finishedA考点8.comeover的用法用法分析come;over意为“过来”,多指朋友、亲戚或熟人之间的非正式的探望活动,后接地点名词做宾语时要加to,后接地点副词则不用to。Ifyouneedadvice,comeoveranytime.如果你需要建议,随时过来。注意comeover还可意为“顺便来访”。—Summervacationiscoming!Iamthinkingaboutvisitingsomeplacesofinterest.—Whynot___D___Jingzhouandhavealookattheancientcitywall?A.comeout B.comealong C.comeupwith D.comeoverto考点9.allthetime的用法用法分析allthetime意为“一直;总是”,常位于句末,强调在某段时间内一直进行或发生的事,常和进行时态连用,相当于thewholetime。他们一直在唱歌。Theyaresingingallthetime.考点辨析allthetime,always(1)allthetime侧重于一段时间内连续的动作,或时间上的不间断,表示没有停止,通常用于句末。Ifyouarefamous,peoplewillwatchyouallthetimeandfollowyoueverywhere.如果你出了名,人们将一直关注着你,到处追随着你。(2)always为频度副词,侧重于频率,表示同期性的规律,含有“每.…..都是”的意思,通常位于实义动词前,助动词、情态动词或系动词之后。Ialwaysgetupat5:00inthemorning.我总是在早上五点起床。—Iheardyoumadeanewfamilyrule“Putawayyourphonewhileathome.”—Yes.Wewere___A___busycheckingourmobilephonesbefore,butnowweenjoycommunicatingwithourfamily.A.always B.never C.seldom D.sometimes考点10.“neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”的用法用法分析“neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”表示上句否定的情况也适合于后者。“Neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语I”相当于Meneither。他们昨天没有看电视。—Theydidn’twatchTVyesterday.我也没看。—Meneither./NeitherdidI.他不是医生。—Heisnotadoctor.我也不是。—Meneither./NeitheramI.知识拓展neither用法小结形容词(1)表示"(两者)都不",置于单数名词之前;(2)其修饰的词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。Neithercarisexactlywhatshewants.这两辆车,哪一辆都不是她想要的。代词(1)作主语时谓语动词常用单数;(2)常与of连用,neitherof+名词复数。Neitheroftheanswersisright.两个答案都不对。连词(1)常用短语neither...nor"既不……也不……",连接两个并列成分,表示否定意义;(2)连接并列主语时,谓语动词遵循"就近原则"。NeitherhenorIamgoodatswimming.我和他都不擅长游泳。【易错提醒】(1)表示"既……也……;两者都……"用both...and...连接并列成分,连接并列主语时,谓语动词用复数。(2)表示"或者……或者……(二者任选其一)",用either...or。(3)表示"(三者以上)都不",用none(of)。1.昨天他没看足球赛,我也没看。Hedidn’twatchthesoccergameyesterdayand____________________________I.2.玛丽和露西都不在纽约工作。______________Mary______________Lucy______________inNewYork.【答案】①neitherdid ②Neither;nor;works考点11.pass的用法用法分析passv.给,递,其常用结构为passsth.tosb.(=passsb.sth.),意为“把某物传给/递给某人”,但当直接宾语是代词时,只能使用passsth.tosb.结构。Passthebooktome,please.=Passmethebook,please.请把那本书递给我。固定搭配(1)passon意为“传递”。Pleasepassthepaperontoothercomrades.请把这份文件传给其他同志。(2)passv.通过;路过。Ipassyourhouse.我路过你家。(3)passv.通过(考试);及格。Arthurcanpasshismathexam.阿瑟可以通过他的数学考试。考点12.borrow,lend,keep的用法不同方式的"借"lend借出非延续性动词,表示主语把东西借给别人,常用结构:lendsbsth或lendsthtosbborrow借入非延续性动词,表示主语向别人借东西,常用结构:borrowsthfromsbkeep借(多久)延续性动词,表示"借某物多长时间",与表示一段时间的时间状语连用1.你能把你的电子词典借给我吗?Couldyou______________youre-dictionary______________me?2.鲍勃,我能借你一些钱吗?Bob,couldI______________somemoney______________you?3.这本书你可以借两周。Youcan______________thisbookfortwoweeks.【答案】①lend;to ②borrow;from ③keep考点13.hate的用法用法分析hate为动词,意为“厌恶;讨厌”,其反义词是love或like。它用作及物动词时,其后接名词、代词做宾语,也可接动词-ing形式或动词不定式做宾语。hate表示一种感情或心理状态,在一般情况下,不用于进行时态。ThelazyboyhatesstudyingEnglish.这个懒惰的男孩不喜欢学习英语。考点辨析hatetodosth.,hatedoingsth.(1)hatetodosth.讨厌做某事,表示某次具体行为或动作。Ihatetoseeyouinsuchlowspirits.我讨厌看到你这么情绪低落的样子。(2)hatedoingsth.不愿意做某事,不喜欢做某事,表示泛指的行为,是经常或习惯性的行为或动作。Shehatessmokinginherroom.她不喜欢在她房间里吸烟。考点14.while的用法用法分析while做连词,表示“在.…..期间;当…...的时候”。while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续性动词。while用于表示一段较长的时间或一个过程,强调主句的动词和从句的动词表示的动作或状态是同时发生的,常对同类的两个动作进行对比。妈妈在看电视的时候,我在写信。IwaswritingaletterwhileMomwaswatchingTV.我读的时候,请写下来。PleasewritewhileIread.知识拓展while用法小结用法例句常用来引导时间状语从句,强调主句的动词和从句的动词所表示的动作或状态同时发生WhileIwasdoingmyhomeworklastnight,myparentswerewatchingTV.昨天晚上我在做作业时,我的父母在看电视。用作并列连词时,意为"然而",表示对比Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothersdon’thaveenough.有些人浪费食物,然而有些人却没有足够的食物。作名词,意为"一会儿;一段时间"Weareoffforawhile.我们要离开一会儿。1.你们做作业时,请不要闲聊。Pleasedon’tchat______________you’re______________yourhomework.2.昨天我在公园里散步时,看到一只猫爬到了一棵高大的树上。______________Iwas______________awalkinthepark,Isawacatclimbupatalltree.1.while;doing 2.While;taking考点15.insurprise用法用法分析介词短语insurprise表示状态,意思是"吃惊地,惊讶地"。Shelookedatmeingreatsurpriseandaskedforalongwhile,"Don’tyoujustleaveforAustraliathismorning?"她极其惊讶地看着我,好久才问道:"你不是今早才离开去澳大利亚了吗?"HelookedupinsurprisedwhenIahouted.当我叫喊时,他惊讶地往上看。知识拓展with也可与surprise搭配,withsurprise与insurprise表达的意思相同。Bill’seyeswidenedwithsurprisewhenhesawhowmuchthemealcost.当比尔看到这顿饭的价钱时,他吃惊地瞪大了眼睛。"Youwonthegame?"Jackaskedme______________.A.insurprise B.insurprised C.surprising D.surprisesA情态动词could的用法情态动词could构成的句型用于向对方委婉地提出请求或征求对方的许可,它本身不能做谓语,必须和不带to的动词原形一起构成谓语。一、基本用法1.could用于第一人称,表示希望得到对方的许可。句型CouldI...?意为“我可以做.…...吗?”,用于请求对方允许自已做某事,此时could不是can的过去式。肯定回答:Yes,youcan./Yes,please./Yes,sure./Certainly.否定回答:No,youcan’t./Sorry,youcan’t./No,I’mafraidyoucan’t.。—CouldIsmokehere,please?请问我能在这里抽烟吗?一Yes,
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