第12讲-非谓语动词之现在分词(原卷版)(人教版2019)

第12讲非谓语动词之现在分词知识点复习+习题跟踪训练【知识讲解】动词的现在分词语态形式时态形式主动被动一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone1．动词-ing形式作主语(doing/beingdone作主语不表示正在进行，只表示主/被动)(1)动名词短语作主语时，可以直接放在句首。谓语动词常常用单数，但表示多于一个的概念时，谓语动词则用复数。Dancingandskatingaremyhobbies，andIalsoliketoreadshortstories.跳舞和溜冰是我的爱好，同时我也喜欢读短篇小说。Beinglaughedatinpublicmademeembarrassed.当众被人嘲笑让我感到尴尬。Smokingisprohibited(禁止)here.此处禁止吸烟。Facinguptoyourproblemsratherthanrunningawayfromthemisthebestapproachtoworkingthingsout.直面你的问题而不是逃避它们，是解决这些问题最好的方法。(2)有时用it作形式主语，把作真正主语的动名词短语放在句末。常用于固定句型：It'sawasteoftimedoing...；It'snouse/gooddoing...；Itisuselessdoing...；Thereisnousedoing...等中。Thereisnousetryingtopersuadesuchastubbornperson.想要说服这样一个固执的人是没有什么用处的。It’snouseonlycomplainingwithouttakingaction.不采取行动只是抱怨是没有用的。2．动词-ing形式作宾语(doing/beingdone作宾语不表示正在进行，只表示主/被动)(1)动词-ing形式可以作介词的宾语IhelpMumoutbydoingthehouseworkthatIcando.我通过做力所能及的家务活帮助妈妈。注意：以下短语中to都是介词beusedtodoing习惯于objectto反对devoteoneselfto致力于stickto坚持payattentionto注意lookforwardto期盼adaptto适应adjustto使适应于owe...to归咎于beaddictedto对……上瘾(2)动词-ing形式可以作某些及物动词的宾语，只跟动名词(doing)作宾语的动词有：mind(介意)，miss(错过)，mention(提到)，enjoy(喜欢)，escape(逃避)，practise(练习)，postpone(推迟)，permit(允许)，suggest(建议)，stand(bear，tolerate)(忍受)，consider(考虑)，keep(保持)，avoid(避免)，admit(承认)，advise(建议)，allow(允许)，appreciate(感激)，risk(冒险)，resist(抵制)，recommend(建议)，finish(完成)，forbid(禁止)，imagine(想象)，dislike(不喜欢)，delay(延迟)，quit(放弃)，deny(否认)Thethiefkeptrunningtoavoid/escapebeingcaughtbythepolice.小偷不停地跑以避免/逃避被警察抓住。小汤姆正考虑放弃练习拉小提琴，因为他的邻居难以忍受每天听到这噪音。前几天，她答应每周给汤姆10美元如果他放弃练琴的话。汤姆想象着有很多钱，忍不住接受了她的建议。3．动词-ing形式作表语(1)doing作表语表示笼统的、抽象的概念。(此时doing名词意义较强，doing/beingdone作表语不表示正在进行，只表示主/被动)Myjobisteaching.(Teachingismyjob.)我的工作是教书。(教书是我的工作)。Seeingisbelieving.百闻不如一见/眼见为实。Myjobiscleaningthehousethreetimesaweek(＝Cleaningthehousethreetimesaweekismyjob)．我的工作是每星期打扫三次房子。(2)如果是和情绪相关的动词-ing形式则形容词意义较强，表示“令人……的”，往往物作主语。如：amazing，boring，confusing，disappointing，exciting，frightening等等。Thenewswasastonishing.消息是令人吃惊的。4．单个的动词－ing形式一般作前置定语，动词－ing短语一般作后置定语。表示用途的是动名词，说明名词的性质、特征。强调动作的是现在分词。asleepingcar(＝acarforsleeping)asleepingchild(＝achildwhoissleeping)theboystandingthere(＝theboywhoisstandingthere)Doyouknowtheboytalking(＝whoistalking)totheteacher?Lastnight，thereweremillionsofpeoplewatchingtheopeningceremonyliveonTV.昨天晚上，有几百万人观看了开幕式的电视直播。5．动词-ing形式作状语Hearingthenews，theygotveryexcited.听到这个消息，他们很兴奋。Likeancientsailors，birdscanfindtheirwayusingthesunandthestars.像古代的船员一样，鸟类可以利用太阳和星星找到它们的路。6．动词-ing形式作宾补现在分词作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是主谓关系，结构为vt.＋sb./sth.＋doing...。可以用于此结构的动词(短语)有：“一感一抓一发现，二听四让和五看”(feel，catch，find，listento/hear，have/keep/get/leave，see/watch/lookat/observe/notice)WhenIleftschool，Isawthemplayingbasketballontheplayground.当我离开学校时，我看到他们在操场上打篮球。Ihearsomeoneknockingatthedoor.我听到有人在敲门。I’msorrytokeepyouwaitingforalongtime.对不起，让你久等了。【真题演练】1．(2022新高考I卷)__________(cover)anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.2．(2022全国甲卷)Heflew4,700kilometersfromXi’antoKashgaronSept.20,__________(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.3．(2021年北京卷)From2000to2019,therewere7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld,________(result)inUSD2,970billionineconomicloss．4．Theparticipantsfollowedsuit,________(take)morefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.5．Hesaidhebecamejustasnervousasthose________(play)instrumentsonstage.6．Justnowhereceivedacall________(request)personalinformation,buthethoughtitmustbeatrap.7．Thevisitingministerexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalk,________(add)thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.8．Thesesmarthomes_______(keep)ussecureandcomfortablewillbewelcomedbymostfamilies.9．Thenewly-electedpresidentintendstohandleproblems________(arise)fromsocialdiscrimination.10．________(eat)atthecafeteriabefore,Tinadidn’twanttoeatthereagain.11．Shedidanumberofjobs,___________(range)fromcheftoswimminginstructor.12．Time__________(permit),I’llgotherewithyoutomorrowafternoon.13．Mrs.Kernoddedherheadathersonatthewedding,_________(feel)satisfied.14．WithTeachers’Day________（approach）,ourclassdecidedtoholdapartytocelebratetheimportantdaythisyear.15．In2012Iwasfoundtohavedevelopedlungdisease.________(believe)mycareerwasover,Ifeltextremelylow.16．Walkingtowardsthefrontdoorwenoticedagentleman________(stand)atoneside.17．________(see)thosepictures,hecouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedaysinIraq.18．Thecars________(sell)atthemarketnowaremadeinGuangzhou.19．Thesuspensionbridge,________(measure)2,000metersinlength,isthelongestintheworld.20．Ifoundmyself_______(lie)onthegroundwhenIcamebacktolife.21．Thehouse________(build)therenowwillbeashop.22．Hewasn’taskedtotakeonthechairmanshipofthesociety,________(consider)insufficientlypopularwithallmembers.23．Don’tspendtimebeatingonawall,________(hope)tochangeitintoadoor.24．Not________(understand)thelocallanguageandhavingnofriendinthecountry,hefounditimpossibletofindajob.25．Somedriversofe-bikescomeandgoinalldirections,______(ignore)thetrafficlightsandothervehicles.26．Isatbythewindow,________(recall)mysweetchildhood.27．Thisisthefirstfullmoonofthenewyear,________(represent)unityandperfection.28．Isawsomeelderlypeople________(practice)TaiChislowly.Istoppedandwatchedtheirmovementsclosely.29．__________（work）hardatyourlessons,youaretosucceed.30．__________(finish)hishomework,hewasplayingontheplayground.31．____________(face)atoughchallenge,ourvolleyballteamwonagoldmedalintheOlympics.32．Thisordinary-lookingman________(ride)abicyclearoundthestreetsofNewYorkwasBillCunningham.33．Theydiscoveredaplant________(belong)totheendangeredspecies.34．Thefollowingmorning,Ireceivedacall___________(say)thefilmhadbeencancelled.35．Thatnight,thereweremillionsofpeople__________(watch)theopeningceremonyonliveTV.36．___________(know)whichuniversitytoattend,thegirlaskedherteacherforadvice.37．_______(judge)fromthewayhetalks,I’msureheisascholar.38．Hespenttwohours_______(pack)up.39．Whenhewasthree,hisparentsdied,_______(leave)himanorphan.40．AlltheChineseathletes________(compete)atthe2020TokyoOlympicGamesweretreatedasheroeswhentheycameback.41．Thefiresburnedforthreedays,________(destroy)atotalof25,000buildings.42．Afterthecrash,80percentofthepassengersrecoveredfromshock,________(stare)ateachother.43．ThehorseisafrequentthemeinChinesepainting,________(indicate)akindofadvancement.44．Ican’tworkwithallthatnoise_______(go)on.45．Themissingboyw