上海教育版英语八年级下册Module 2 Unit 3 第3课时Grammar教学课件

Module2ArtsandcraftsUnit3Traditionalskills第3课时Grammar语法聚焦被动语态(一)一、语态概述： 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

1.主动语态：主语是动作的执行者。如： Icleanedthebedroom.我打扫了卧室。(clean的动作是由主语I来执行的。)

2.被动语态：主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。如： Thebedroomwascleanedbyme.卧室是被我打扫的。(主语thebedroom是动词clean的承受者。)二、被动语态的构成： 被动语态的基本结构是“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”，助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与连系动词be完全一样。变为否定式时，只需在助动词be后面加上not即可。各个时态的被动语态的句型结构：时态句型结构例句一般现在时主语＋am/is/are＋及物动词的过去分词(＋by＋动作的执行者)＋其他.ThesebicyclesaremadeinChina.这些自行车是中国制造的。一般过去时主语＋was/were＋及物动词的过去分词(＋by动作的执行者)＋其他.Thisdeskwasmadebymyfatheryesterday.这张桌子是昨天由我的爸爸制作的。续表时态句型结构例句一般将来时(1)主语＋shall/willbe＋及物动词的过去分词(＋by＋动作的执行者)＋其他.(2)主语＋am/is/aregoingtobe＋及物动词的过去分词(＋by动作的执行者)＋其他.HewillbetakentotheparkonSunday.星期天有人要带他去公园。Morefactoriesaregoingtobebuiltinmyhometown.我的家乡将建更多的工厂。三、使用被动语态的情况： 1.不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。如： Tennewcomputerswerestolenlastweek.上周，10台新电脑被偷了。 2.强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。如： Theworkwillbefinishedontime.工作将会被按时完成。 3.说话或发表意见时，为了显得客观公正，也常常用被动语态。如： Itissaidthat…据说……Itisreportedthat…据报道…… Itisbelievedthat…人们相信……Itishopedthat…希望…… 4.有些动词习惯上只用于被动语态。如： IwasborninGuangdongProvince.我在广东省出生。四、主动语态变被动语态的步骤： 1.主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 2.主动语态的谓语动词由主动语态形式变为被动语态形式：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词。虽然其人称和数随主语的变化而变化，但时态保持不变。 3.主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，将主格变为宾格，组成介宾短语，放在被动语态的谓语动词之后。在无须说明动作的执行者或只强调动作的承受者时，介宾短语可以省略。如： 主动语态：Myfatherrepairedthecaryesterday. 被动语态：Thecarwasrepairedbymyfatheryesterday.课堂练习一、用所给单词的适当形式填空1.We________________(invite)totheconcertbyPeterlastweek.2.Thisbeautifulpicture____________________(notpaint)byJudiabecauseshecan’tpaintwell.3.Thehomework________________(finish)bymylittlebrothersoon.wereinvitedwasn’tpaintedwillbefinished4.Thousandsofbikes_______________(make)inthefactoryeveryyear.5.Thepoordog_______________(hit)byacaryesterday.6.Afashionshow__________________(hold)nextSaturdayattheschoolhall.7.Thefirstcar__________________(invent)byKarlBenz.aremadewashitwillbeheldwasinvented8.Manytrees______________(plant)inmycityeveryyear.9.Thestreetsaredirtythismorningbecausethey__________________(clean)afterthenightmarketclosed.10.Noneofthemknewabouttheplanbecauseit______________(keep)asasecret.areplantedweren’tcleanedwaskept二、选择填空()1.Today,manywinterOlympicsports___________evenbychildren.(2021北京)A.enjoyed

B.enjoy

C.wereenjoyed

D.areenjoyed()2.TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecartoonhero.Today,he___________bypeopleofallages.(2021天津)A.willlove

B.wasloved

C.isloved

D.willbelovedDC()3.The2022AsianGames___________inHangzhou.(2021辽宁)A.hold B.held C.willbeheld D.haveheldC()4.Ourschoollibrary___________withplants,lovelydesksandchairs,soIfeelrelaxedwhilestudyingorreadingthere.(2021南京)A.decorates B.decoratedC.isdecorated D.wasdecoratingC()5.—Sir,Ihavetroubledoingthevoluntaryworkforthe20thGamesofJiangsuProvinceinTaizhou.—Don’tworry.Alotofsupport___________soon.(2021泰州)A.isoffered B.willbeofferedC.wasoffered D.wereofferedB三、语法填空 Oilpaperumbrellas,withahistoryofover1,000yearsinChina,1.___________(use)tobecommon.DuringtheTangDynasty,they2.___________(introduce)toplacesasfarasJapanandVietnam.3.___________,assteel-ribbed(钢骨的)umbrellasappearedinthe19thcentury,thehand-madeumbrellasbecame4.___________(little)usedindailylife.Instead,theyturnedintodecorativeartifacts(装饰性工艺品).usedwereintroducedHoweverless YuhanginHangzhouisknown5.___________makingoilpaperumbrellasformorethan230years.Umbrellasheretakemorethan70stepstomake,6.___________(include)makingbambooribs,pastingpaper(糊纸)andpainting7.___________(pattern).Ittakesatleastaweektomake8.___________umbrella.Eachumbrellahas36bambooribs,makingthemstrong.In2007,theseumbrellaswereaddedtoZhejiangforincludingpatternsanProvince’sintangibleculturalheritagelist(非物质文化遗产名录). ZhangTingting,14yearsold,tookclassestolearnaboutYuhangoilpaperumbrella-makinglastsemes