【创新设计】2021高考英语(广东专用)大二轮总复习定时训练-1

定时训练(1)Ⅰ.专题特训(动词时态与语态)依据语境用所给动词的适当时态、语态填空。1.LookattheprideonTom'sface.He______(seem)tohavebeenpraisedbythemanagerjustnow.解析句意：看汤姆脸上骄傲的样子，好像他刚才受到了经理的表扬。设空处的seem(好像)表示现在的状况，故用一般现在时。本句还可改为：Itseemsthathewaspraisedbythemanagerjustnow.答案seems2．Themanagerwasworriedaboutthepressconferencehisassistant______(give)inhisplacebut，luckily，everythingwasgoingonsmoothly.解析句意：助理正在替经理进行新闻发布会，这使得经理很担忧，但幸运的是，一切正在顺当进行。依据题干中的wasworried及wasgoing可知设空处表示过去正在进行的状况。答案wasgiving3．WhenIgotonthebus，I______(realize)Ihadleftmywalletathome.解析句意：当我上了公共汽车的时候，我意识到我把钱包忘在家里了。题干在陈述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时。答案realized4．Shewassurprisedtofindthefridgeempty；thechildren________(eat)everything!解析句意：发觉冰箱空了她很吃惊，孩子们已经吃光了一切！孩子们吃光冰箱里的东西发生在Shewassurprisedtofind...之前，即过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。答案hadeaten5．Thefactoryused65percentoftherawmaterials，therestofwhich______(save)forotherpurposes.解析句意：工厂用掉了65%的原材料，其余的留作他用。which引导非限制性定语从句，本句中的which指代rawmaterials，“therestof＋名词”作主语，谓语动词应与of后的名词保持全都。rawmaterials与save之间是被动关系，故填weresaved。答案weresaved6．One－thirdofthecountry______(cover)withtreesandthemajorityofthecitizensareblackpeople.解析句意：三分之一的国土被森林掩盖，大多数的市民是黑人。“分数或百分数＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词需要和of后面的名词全都；thecountry为不行数名词，且与cover之间是被动关系，故填iscovered。答案iscovered7．ItisthemostinstructivelecturethatI______(attend)sinceIcametothisschool.解析句意：这是自从我到这所学校以来参与过的最富有训练意义的演讲。依据主句的谓语动词is和从句sinceIcametothisschool可以推断空格部分应用现在完成时。答案haveattended8．Inthenearfuture，moreadvancesintherobottechnology______(make)byscientists.解析句意：在不久的将来，科学家们将会在机器人技术方面取得更大的进步。依据时间状语Inthenearfuture可以确定该句的时态为一般将来时，而句子的主语moreadvances和make之间是被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态。答案willbemade9．Allvisitorstothisvillage______(treat)withkindness.解析句意：全部来这个村庄的游客都受到友好的款待。这里动词treat与句子主语allvisitors是规律上的动宾关系，用被动语态；且依据语境可知这里是叙述当前的状况，用一般现在时。答案aretreated10．Whenyouarehome，giveacalltoletmeknowyou______(arrive)safely.解析句意：你到家时打个电话给我，让我知道你已平安抵达。从语境看，在打电话时对方“已经到达”，因此这里的宾语从句要用现在完成时。答案havearrived11．ThediscoveryofgoldinAustralialedthousandstobelievethatafortune______(make)．解析句意：在澳大利亚发觉了金子，这使数以千计的人们认为在那里可以发财。从语境中动作的先后看可知，“在那里发财”这一动作发生在“发觉了金子”这一动作后，且还未发生，因此makeafortune(发财)用过去将来时的被动语态。答案wastobemade12．Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe'stheonlyoneofthewomenwho______(wear)eveningdress.解析句意：Barbara是唯一穿晚礼服的女性，所以认出她很简洁。先行词theonlyoneofthewomen在句中作主语，中心词是one，从句谓语动词应与之保持全都，故填wears。答案wears13．Thechurchtowerwhich______(restore)willbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished.解析句意：教堂塔正在修复，不久就会对游客开放。修复工作差不多完成了。依据语境，主语thechurchtower和动词restore之间是被动关系，又由句意可知修复工作还未完成，而是正在进行中，所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。答案isbeingrestored14．Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry，butI'dratherhe______(focus)moreonitsculture.解析句意：乔治打算谈论他们国家的地理，但是我宁愿他把话题多集中于文化上。本题考查虚拟语气。wouldrather后加从句，假如表示过去的动作应用过去完成时态，假如表示现在或将来的动作则用一般过去时态。答案focused15．Ifwe______(take)theotherroad，wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.解析假如我们走另一条路，我们可能早就按时到会了。依据句意及后边主句谓语mighthavearrived，可知if从句表示与过去事实相反，故if从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。答案hadtaken16．Itisreportedthatmanyanewhouse______(build)atpresentinthedisasterarea.解析句意：据报道，目前在这个受灾地区正在建很多新居子。本题考查的是主谓全都和时态、语态。manya＝alargenumberof很多。manya＋单数名词＋单数动词。依据语境，这里应当用现在进行时的被动语态。答案isbeingbuilt17．Ifyouplantwatermelonseedsinthespring，you______(eat)freshwatermeloninthefall.解析句意：假如在春天种下西瓜种子，秋天你就会吃到新颖的西瓜。inthefall为表示将来的时间状语，故用将来进行时态表示将来某个时间正在进行或某个阶段内始终进行的动作。答案willbeeating18．HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram，ahugeamountoftimeandenergy______(save)．解析句意：假如我了解这种电脑程序的话，就可以节省大量的时间和精力。本题考查虚拟语气。假如表示与过去事实相反的话，条件句接受过去完成时态(假如省略if可接受部分倒装结构)，主句谓语动词应接受“would＋have＋过去分词”的结构。答案wouldhavebeensaved19．Joseph______(go)toeveningclassessincelastmonth，buthestillcan'tsay“What'syourname？”inRussian.解析句意：Joseph从上个月就开头上夜校，但是他还不会用俄语说“你叫什么名字”呢。从时间状语“sincelastmonth”，可知需用现在完成时，又由于说话时他还在连续上课，所以要用现在完成进行时。答案hasbeengoing20．Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents______(be)toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.解析句意：要么是你，要么是你的一名同学，应当出席明天的会议。该题考查的是主谓全都。依据就近全都原则，oneofyourstudents中心词为one，本句中的谓语动词应当用单数。答案is21．Thefactthatsomanypeoplestillsmokeinpublicplaces______(suggest)thatwemayneedanationwidecampaigntoraiseawarenessoftherisksofsmoking.解析句意：如此多的人照旧在公共场合吸烟，这一事实表明或许我们需要搞一次全国性的活动来提高人们对于吸烟危害性的生疏。thefact后跟同位语从句，设空处为主句的谓语动词，由题干中的smoke和may等可知语境指现在的状况，本句主语为thefact，且本句陈述的是一个事实，故谓语动词应接受第三人称单数形式。答案suggests22．In1492，Columbus______(land)ononeoftheBahamaIslands，buthemistookitforanislandoffIndia.解析句意：1492年，哥伦布在巴哈马群岛中的一个岛上靠岸，但是他把那里误认为是印度沿海的一个岛屿。分析题干可知，本句描述的是发生在过去的事情，故用过去时。答案landed23．We______(work)onthisprojectforfourhours.Let'shavearest.解析句意：我们已经连续做这个项目四个小时了，休息一下吧。依据语境中“休息一下吧”可知工作尚未完成，又结合题干中的forfourhours，可推知设空处应当用现在完成进行时态。答案havebeenworking24．InthespokenEnglishofsomeareasintheUS，the“r”soundsattheendofthewords______(drop)．解析句意：在美国一些地方的口语中，单词结尾的字母r的发音通常被略掉。通过题干可以推断出sounds和drop为被动关系，另外，题干中所提为普遍现象，应用一般现在时。答案aredropped25．IttookmealongtimebeforeIwasabletofullyappreciatewhatthey______(do)forme.解析句意：花了很长一段时间我才能完全理解他们为我所做的一切。依据语境可知整句话的时间是过去时，“他们为我做……”这一动作发生在“我可以完全理解”之前，因此用过去完成时。答案haddoneⅡ.完形填空体裁：说明文话题：健康生活时间：15分钟Howimportantissleepforchildren?Gettingtoolittlecouldleavethemmoreemotionalandexcited.Asanation，wedon'tgetenough__1__．Andwe'repassingalongournight－owl(夜猫子)habitstomembersofthenext__2__，whichcouldleavechildrenwithless__3__overtheiremotionsandhaveatendencyofexcitement，accordingtothelateststudy.LeadauthorRob，apsychologistatMcGillUniversity，describesintheScienceastudyinwhichheeitheraddedor__4__healthychildrenaged7to11ofonehourofsleepanightoverfivenights.His__5__，saysRob，wastoseeifsuchmodestchangesintheamountofsleepchildrengetcouldaffecttheir__6__．Thechildren'steacherswereaskedtofillouta10－itemstandardquestionnaireto__7__thechildren'sattention，impulsivity，badtemperandemotionalreactivityattheendofthe__8__．Comparedwiththeirsame.ratingsduringaninitialfivedaysofuncontrolledsleep—inwhichtheresearcheraskedparentstoallowthe__9__tosleepastheynormallywouldtoestablishabaseline—thosewhowerereducedanhour'ssleephadworsescoresonbehaviormeasuresthanthosewhowereallowedtosleepanhourmore.(Theparentswereaskedto__10__theirchildren'sbedtimes，andwhiletheywereabletoputthekidstobedanhourearlierwhen__11__，theyoungstersendedupsleepingonlyabout30minutesmore.)Intermsofhow__12__reactive，orsensitive，andhowattentivethechildrenwere，teachersratedthesleep－restrictedstudentsonaverage4pointshigherthantheirbaseline，meaningtheyshowedmore__13__temper，frustrationandhadmore.__14__payingattention.Incontrast，thechildrenwhosleptmoreshowedanaverage3－point__15__intheseproblems.【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍心理学家对儿童的睡眠时间影响其情感稳定性的争辩，结果表明：睡眠时间少的儿童普遍比有充分睡眠的儿童更心情化、易怒。1．A.emotionB．sleepC．excitementD．education解析依据第一段的段意及第一段第一句中的sleep可知选B，sleep是原词复现。答案B2．A.generationB．situationC．propositionD．combination解析依据前文的短语passingalong...habits及后文的children可推出填generation。答案A3．A.challengeB．effectC．controlD．test解析依据句意及常识，缺乏睡眠简洁使人心情化，不简洁把握自己的心情，可推断出填control。答案C4．A.increasedB．reducedC．departedD．obtained解析由句中的added“增加”及短语either...or，可推出填reduced“削减”。答案B5．A.ambitionB．standardC．solutionD．goal解析依据下文内容，尤其是wastoseeif...可知选D，goal“目的，目标”。答案D6．A.featureB．beliefC．confidenceD．behavior解析下文中的hadworsescoresonbehavior有明确的提示，与behavior是原词复现。答案D7．A.assessB．answerC．knowD．think解析依据常识及句意可知，让老师填问卷调查主要是为了评估儿童的各种心情指数，故填assess。答案A8．A.nightB．dayC．studyD．class解析依据前文的study及questionnaire可推断填study“争辩，课题”，是原词复现。答案C9．A.studentsB．childrenC．teachersD．teenagers解析依据句意及及前文的parents可推断出填children，其他选项不合句意。答案B10．A.recordB．rememberC．meetD．change解析依据句意，尤其是putthekidstobedanhourearlier可推出这里填change“转变”。答案D11．A.neededB．wokenC．shakenD．heard解析依据句意及下句内容可推出，家长在需要的状况下可转变孩子睡眠的时间，故选A。答案A12．A.essentiallyB．particularlyC．actuallyD．emotionally解析依据下文内容，尤其是并列句中的sensitive，attentive等词可推断出填emotionally“情感上地，心情上地”。答案D13．A.sensitiveB．gentleC．badD．good解析依据句意尤其是上文的badtemper有明确的提示，与bad是原词复现。答案C14．A.problemsB．differencesC．effectsD．chances解析依据句意及下文中的intheseproblems有明确的提示，与problems是原词复现。答案A15．A.raiseB．dropC．changeD．float解析依据上文的短语4pointshigher及表示转折的短语incontrast可推断出填drop“下降”。答案BⅢ.阅读理解体裁：说明文话题：广告时间：6分钟(2022·天津模拟)Iwasreadingtheseinterestingstoriesbehindagroupofgreatlogos(标识)intheworld.PersonallyNikeismyfavoriteone—it'ssosimple.AndIlikedthestoriesbehindthem，whichmademeforgetallotherthings.McDonald's，Apple，Mercedes－BenzandAdidasowngreatlogosaswell，andtheyareamongmyfavorites.NikeIntheGreekmyth，Nikeisthegoddessofvictoryandthesourceofinspirationforsoldiers.ThislogorepresentsthewinginthefamousstatueoftheGreekgoddess.Nike'slogowasdesignedbyCarolynDavidsonin1971for$35，andwasregisteredasatrademarkin1995.McDonald'sThelogowasdesignedin1962byJimSchindlertoresemblethearchshaped(拱形的)signonthesideofthecompany'sthenwalk－uphamburgerstand.Lateron，thetwogoldenarcheswerecombinedtogethertoformtheM．TheMcDonald'snamewasaddedtothelogoin1968.AppleTherearedifferentstoriesbehindApple'slogo.ThefirstlogowasareferencetothereligiousstoryofAdamandEve，inwhichtheapplerepresentedthefruitoftheTreeofKnowledge.Oneyearlater，thesecondlogowasdesignedin1977bySteveJobsandRonaldWayne，anditdescribedSirIsaacNewtonsittingunderanappletree.Thislogodidn'tstaylong.OneyearlateritwasreplacedalmostimmediatelybygraphicdesignerRobJanoff's“rainbowapple”，arainbow－coloredsilhouette(轮廓)ofanapplewithabitetakenoutofit.Andthentherainbow－coloredapplewasreplacedbytheone－coloredlogoin1998.Ithasnotbeenchangedsofar.MercedesBenzTheMercedes－Benzlogo，whichwasoriginallycreatedbyGottliebDaimlerin1909，consistsofasimpledescriptionofathree－pointedstarthatrepresentsitsruleoftheland，theseaandtheair.ThecompanywasfoundedbyGottliebDaimlerandWilhelmMaybach.MercedesisthenameofMaybach'selderdaughter，whileBenzcameasaresultofacombinationwithBenz，CieandDMGin1926.AdidasTheAdidaslogo，whichwascreatedbythefounderofthecompanyAdiDassler，representsmountains，pointingtowardsthechallengesthatareseenaheadandgoalsthatcanbeachieved.Thelogowasusedforthefirs